CN117123920A - Partial vacuum sealing device - Google Patents
Partial vacuum sealing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117123920A CN117123920A CN202311256538.4A CN202311256538A CN117123920A CN 117123920 A CN117123920 A CN 117123920A CN 202311256538 A CN202311256538 A CN 202311256538A CN 117123920 A CN117123920 A CN 117123920A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 253
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/1224—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/242—Fillet welding, i.e. involving a weld of substantially triangular cross section joining two parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a partial vacuum sealing device, which comprises a laser welding gun, wherein the laser welding gun is used for generating laser to weld a workpiece to be welded; the local sealing structure is used for forming a local sealing welding area at a to-be-welded position of the to-be-welded workpiece, and laser generated by the laser welding gun can penetrate through the local sealing structure to weld the to-be-welded workpiece; the smoke protection component is arranged between the laser welding gun and the local sealing structure and can penetrate through the smoke protection component to weld the workpiece to be welded; the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the cavity at the inner side of the sealing plate and is used for sucking air in the local sealing structure so as to form a vacuum welding environment. According to the invention, through the matching arrangement of the local sealing structure and the smoke protection component, the welding flexibility of the large-size structure is improved, the low vacuum degree of the whole welding process is ensured, the arrangement of the smoke protection component ensures the cleanliness of lenses in the welding process, and the welding quality is ensured while the welding efficiency of the large-size structure is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal welding, in particular to a partial vacuum sealing device.
Background
Titanium alloy materials of large thickness are increasingly being used, for example manned capsule spherical shells are manned submersible vehicles, deep sea submersible vehicles and the like. For titanium alloy thick plate welding, laser welding can realize good joint quality, but laser welding needs to be carried out in a vacuum chamber, and large-scale titanium alloy structural parts cannot be subjected to laser welding due to size limitation. The narrow gap welding method is widely applied to the narrow gap welding of the titanium alloy thick plate, but the narrow gap welding needs to be performed in a multi-layer and multi-channel mode due to the large thickness, the welding efficiency is low, meanwhile, the deformation control difficulty of the thick plate welding is large, and the high-efficiency welding of a large-scale structure cannot be met.
In the twentieth century 80, researchers proposed that laser welding be performed under vacuum conditions, so that the laser energy utilization rate can be improved, the penetration capacity of incident laser can be improved, and the weld penetration can be greatly increased. In recent years, with the advent of high-power high-quality lasers, researchers have found that high-power lasers can also obtain high-aspect ratio welds similar to laser welding under vacuum, and vacuum laser welding does not need to achieve the extremely high vacuum degree required by laser welding, and at the same time, the problem of scattering of electrons by atmospheric molecules does not exist in laser welding, and radiation protection is not needed.
However, in the vacuum laser welding process, the degree of vacuum in the welding region thereof seriously affects the penetration of laser welding, but in the prior art, it is difficult to manufacture a vacuum space having a sufficient degree of vacuum on a large-sized structure.
Chinese patent CN201921232451.2 discloses a partial vacuum sealing member for laser welding, wherein the sealing cover i comprises a body i, and a vacuum groove i is provided on the body i; the sealing cover II comprises a body II, a vacuum groove II and a mounting groove are formed in the body II, the extending directions of the mounting groove and the vacuum groove II are the same, and the mounting groove and the vacuum groove II are communicated with each other, and the mounting groove is used for mounting a laser protection lens; the body I and the body II are respectively provided with an air hole I and an air hole II which are respectively communicated with the vacuum groove I and the vacuum groove II; a laser welding device comprises a vacuumizing system, a laser welding device and the partial vacuum sealing piece; when the welding machine is used, the sealing cover I and the sealing cover II are used for being respectively installed on two side plate surfaces of a plate to be welded, the vacuum groove I and the vacuum groove II are opposite to the joint, and then vacuumizing and laser welding operations are carried out. Although this patent provides a vacuum space with a preferable vacuum degree, it is equipped with a laser transmitting lens of equal length to the weld along the weld, has a corresponding limitation on the length of the weld, cannot be used on a large structure, and generates a large amount of smoke during the welding process, which easily results in unstable welding process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that in the prior art, a vacuum space with enough vacuum degree is difficult to manufacture on a large structure, the existing vacuum laser welding device cannot be used for the large structure, and the welding process is unstable easily caused by smoke dust generated during welding.
The invention discloses a partial vacuum sealing device, which comprises: the laser welding gun is used for generating laser to weld the workpiece to be welded; the local sealing structure is used for forming a local sealing welding area at a to-be-welded position of the to-be-welded workpiece, and laser generated by the laser welding gun can penetrate through the local sealing structure to weld the to-be-welded workpiece; the smoke protection component is arranged between the laser welding gun and the local sealing structure, and laser generated by the laser welding gun can penetrate through the smoke protection component to weld a workpiece to be welded; the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the cavity on the inner side of the sealing plate and is used for sucking air in the local sealing structure so as to form a vacuum welding environment.
Further, the local sealing structure comprises a sealing plate, a sealing assembly is arranged at one end, far away from the laser welding gun, of the sealing plate, and the sealing assembly is used for forming a local sealing welding area at a to-be-welded position of a to-be-welded workpiece.
Further, a containing groove component is arranged on one side, far away from the laser welding gun, of the sealing plate, the sealing component is arranged in the containing groove component, and the sealing component is in interference fit with the containing groove component.
Further, the holding tank assembly includes first holding tank and second holding tank, first holding tank and second holding tank are confined cyclic annular setting, just the center of first holding tank the center of second holding tank with the center coincidence of closing plate, seal assembly includes first sealing ring and second sealing ring, the second sealing ring sets up in first holding tank, the second sealing ring with first holding tank interference fit, first sealing ring sets up in the second holding tank, first sealing ring with second holding tank interference fit.
Further, be provided with first through-hole and second through-hole on the closing plate, first through-hole and smoke and dust protection subassembly seal assembly, the second through-hole is connected with the pipeline that bleeds keep away from on the closing plate one side of laser welder sets up the intercommunication groove, the both ends of intercommunication groove communicate respectively first through-hole with the second through-hole, the holding tank subassembly encircles the outside that sets up first through-hole, second through-hole and intercommunication groove.
Further, the smoke protection component comprises a lens, a gland, a smoke protection cavity and an air resistor, wherein the gland is used for sealing the lens and is arranged at the top end of the smoke protection cavity, the air resistor is arranged between the smoke protection cavity and an inner cavity of the sealing plate, and the air resistor is used for blocking smoke generated in the laser welding process inside the local sealing structure from entering the smoke protection cavity.
Further, the air resistor comprises a support, a first folded edge is arranged on the upper side of the support in the circumferential direction, a sinking table is arranged on the first through hole, the first folded edge is assembled with the sinking table in a matched mode, and the lower side of the support penetrates through the first through hole to enter the inner cavity of the sealing plate.
Further, the air resistor further comprises a baffle, a second folded edge which is turned inwards is arranged on the circumference of the bottom of the support, the baffle is assembled with the second folded edge in a matched mode, a light hole is formed in the baffle, and laser generated by the laser welding gun sequentially penetrates through the lens and the light hole and then welds the workpiece to be welded.
Further, a boss is arranged at the bottom of the smoke protection cavity, the boss is assembled with the sinking table in a matched mode, an annular groove is formed in the boss, and the annular groove is used for arranging an airtight piece.
Further, an air inlet structure and an air exhaust structure are arranged on the side wall of the smoke protection cavity, the air inlet structure is used for filling inert gas into the smoke protection cavity, and the air exhaust structure is used for exhausting the inert gas in the smoke protection cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the partial vacuum sealing device has the following advantages:
according to the invention, through the matching arrangement of the local sealing structure and the smoke protection component, the welding of the plate with the thickness of 2-3 times of the normal pressure laser welding thickness is realized; the strength coefficient of the titanium alloy joint reaches more than 0.95, is superior to that of normal pressure laser welding, and can realize higher vacuum degree to reach 10 -2 Pa is not limited by the structure, the local sealing structure can slide along the welding seam, the compatibility problems of vacuum degree, flexibility and adaptability in the process of welding large-scale structures are effectively solved, and engineering application value is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a partial vacuum seal assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention disposed in a welding system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a partial vacuum seal assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention disposed in a welding system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the portion A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of the portion B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an air resistor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a partial vacuum seal and welding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a smoke protection assembly, a welding table, and a pressure assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a smoke protection assembly, a welding table, and a pressure assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention, assembled together at another angle;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a smoke protection assembly, a welding table, and a pressure assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of the structure shown in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a sealing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a sealing plate according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a comparison of an atmospheric pressure laser welded joint with a partial vacuum laser welded joint provided by the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a state of welding a flat plate by the partial vacuum sealing apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a state in which the partial vacuum sealing apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention is used for fillet welding.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a laser welding gun; 2. a smoke protection assembly; 21. a lens; 22. a gland; 23. a smoke protection cavity; 231. an air intake structure; 232. an air extraction structure; 233. a boss; 234. an annular groove; 24. air resistance; 241. a support; 2411. a first hem; 2412. a second flanging; 242. a baffle; 2421. a light hole; 3. a partial seal structure; 31. a sealing plate; 311. a first through hole; 3111. a sinking platform; 312. a second through hole; 313. a communication groove; 314. a first accommodation groove; 315. a second accommodation groove; 32. a seal assembly; 321. a first seal ring; 322. a second seal ring; 4. a welding table; 41. a first bearing plate; 411. a back seal structure; 412. a material ejection structure; 42. a first drive assembly; 421. a first driving motor; 422. a speed reducing mechanism; 423. a first mount; 424. a ball screw; 425. a second mounting base; 426. a first nut sleeve; 427. a second connecting plate; 428. a coupling; 429. a first mounting groove; 43. a slip rail; 44. a sliding block; 45. a first connection plate; 5. a pressure assembly; 51. a first slip plate; 511. a third through hole; 52. a guide post; 53. connecting sleeves; 54. a second slip plate; 55. a second drive assembly; 551. a fixed frame; 552. a second driving motor; 553. a drive gear; 554. a driven gear; 555. a second ball screw; 556. a third bearing seat; 557. a second nut sleeve; 558. a fourth bearing housing; 559. lifting the connecting plate; 6. a base; 61. a support frame; 62. a support panel; 621. a track limit groove; 622. a connection hole; 623. a second mounting groove; 7. a workpiece to be welded; 71. a first workpiece; 72. a second workpiece; 8. and an air extraction pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
A partial vacuum sealing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a partial vacuum sealing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 to 14, including:
the laser welding gun 1 is used for generating laser to weld the workpiece 7 to be welded;
the local sealing structure 3 is used for forming a local sealing welding area at a position to be welded of the workpiece 7 to be welded, laser generated by the laser welding gun 1 can penetrate through the local sealing structure 3 to weld the workpiece 7 to be welded, and the local sealing structure 3 can slide relative to the workpiece 7 to be welded;
the smoke protection component 2 is arranged between the laser welding gun 1 and the local sealing structure 3, and laser generated by the laser welding gun 1 can penetrate through the smoke protection component 2 to weld a workpiece 7 to be welded;
And the air extraction pipeline 8 is communicated with the cavity on the inner side of the sealing plate 31, and the air extraction pipeline 8 is used for sucking air inside the local sealing structure 3 so as to form a vacuum welding environment.
The smoke protection component 2 is arranged between the laser welding gun 1 and the local sealing structure 3, a lens 21 is arranged on the upper side of the smoke protection component 2, and laser generated by the laser welding gun 1 is used for welding a workpiece 7 to be welded through the lens 21;
and the air extraction pipeline 8 is communicated with the cavity on the inner side of the sealing plate 31, and is used for sucking air in the local sealing structure 3 by the air extraction pipeline 8 so as to form a vacuum welding environment.
The welding system matched with the partial vacuum sealing device comprises:
a base 6, a processing area of a laser welding workpiece is formed above the base 6;
a welding table 4, wherein the welding table 4 is arranged on the base 6, the welding table 4 at least comprises a first bearing plate 41, and the first bearing plate 41 is used for fixing a workpiece 7 to be welded; the laser welding gun 1 is arranged on the upper side of the welding table 4; the local sealing structure 3 is used for forming a local sealing welding area with the workpiece 7 to be welded and/or the welding table 4, the sealing plate 31 is fixedly arranged relative to the laser welding gun 1, and the local sealing structure 3 can slide relative to the welding table 4;
The pressure assembly 5 is fixedly arranged relative to the laser welding gun 1 and the sealing plate 31, and is used for changing the pressure of the connection part of the local sealing structure 3 and the first bearing plate 41 and/or the workpiece 7 to be welded.
During the research, the applicant found that for partial vacuum laser welding of large titanium alloy structures, the sealing performance of the welding space around the laser welding gun 1 is the focus of achieving the vacuum welding, but because of the long weld formed by the laser welding gun 1 on the workpiece 7 to be welded, the weld may need to pass through the partial sealing structure 3, and the temperature of the welded weld after welding is extremely high, the structural change and the high-temperature environment are extremely liable to damage the partial sealing structure 3, thereby affecting the sealing performance of the welding space around the laser welding gun 1. The partial vacuum sealing device provided in this embodiment has two implementation forms, one is that the welding table 4 is relatively fixed with the base 6, the laser welding gun 1, the partial sealing structure 3 and the pressure component 5 move relatively with the welding table 4, the other is that the laser welding gun 1, the partial sealing structure 3 and the pressure component 5 are relatively fixed with the base 6, the welding table 4 moves relatively with the base 6, through the arrangement, the relative movement of the laser welding gun 1 and the workpiece 7 to be welded is realized, in the welding process, the pressure value applied by the pressure component 5 is adjusted according to the performance of the partial sealing structure 3, so that the joint of the partial sealing structure 3 and the first bearing plate 41 and/or the workpiece 7 to be welded always maintains a relatively tight joint state in the welding process, the sealing failure caused by the fact that the welded seam of the workpiece 7 to be welded passes through the partial sealing structure 3 is avoided, the welding efficiency and reliability of the laser welding gun 1 are improved, the welding space is always in a space with lower vacuum degree, the partial vacuum sealing device works reliably when the workpiece 7 to be welded, the volume of a large size of the workpiece 7 to be welded is reduced, and the welding technology is greatly improved, and the vacuum constraint reliability of the welding technology is greatly improved. In this embodiment, the relative sliding between the local sealing structure 3 and the welding table 4 is realized by the relative sliding between the local sealing structure 3 and the welding seam, so that the size of the welding seam which can be welded is increased while the low vacuum degree is ensured, and the welding flexibility is greatly improved. It should be noted that, when the workpiece 7 to be welded is a flat plate, the first carrying plate 41 is also provided as a flat plate, and the upper plane of the workpiece 7 to be welded is relatively flush with the upper surface of the first carrying plate 41; when the workpiece 7 to be welded is an arc plate, the first bearing plate 41 is also an arc plate, and the arc radius of the first bearing plate 41 is consistent with that of the workpiece 4 to be welded, so that when the workpiece 4 to be welded is arranged on the first bearing plate 41, the outer surfaces of the workpiece 4 to be welded are combined into a uniform arc structure, and the arrangement can effectively ensure the sealing performance of the local sealing structure 3 at the gap between the workpiece 7 to be welded and the first bearing plate 41, so that the vacuum degree of a sealed welding area in the welding process is kept stable.
As an example, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the local sealing structure 3 includes a sealing plate 31, and a sealing assembly 32 is disposed on an end of the sealing plate 31 away from the laser welding gun 1, where the sealing assembly 32 is used to form a local sealing welding area at a position to be welded of the workpiece 7 to be welded. The sealing component 32 is made of a high-temperature sealing material which can resist high temperature of 500 ℃ and has material hardness lower than 20, so that the sealing component 32 can be moved relative to a welding line and can not be burnt when being welded, and meanwhile, the sealing component also has better elastic deformation capability, so that the partial sealing structure 3 can be always kept in a state of low vacuum degree, and the vacuum degree can reach 10 -2 Pa。
As one of the alternative embodiments, a receiving groove assembly is provided on the sealing plate 31 at a side far from the laser welding gun 1, the sealing assembly 32 is provided in the receiving groove assembly, and the sealing assembly 32 is in interference fit with the receiving groove assembly. The holding tank assembly and the sealing assembly 32 are in interference fit, so that the setting stability of the sealing assembly 32 can be guaranteed, the airtight effect of the local sealing structure 3 is guaranteed, the vacuum degree of the local sealing structure during welding is kept in a stable range, and the welding quality of local vacuum sealing welding is improved.
As one of the preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the accommodating groove assembly includes a first accommodating groove 314 and a second accommodating groove 315, the first accommodating groove 314 and the second accommodating groove 315 are all in a closed annular arrangement, the center of the first accommodating groove 314, the center of the second accommodating groove 315 and the center of the sealing plate 31 coincide, the sealing assembly 32 includes a first sealing ring 321 and a second sealing ring 322, the second sealing ring 322 is disposed in the first accommodating groove 314, the second sealing ring 322 is in interference fit with the first accommodating groove 314, the first sealing ring 321 is disposed in the second accommodating groove 315, and the first sealing ring 321 is in interference fit with the second accommodating groove 315. Through the arrangement, the local sealing structure 3 forms a double-layer sealing structure with the first sealing ring 321 and the second sealing ring 322 outside, so that the sealing effect of the local sealing structure 3 can be further improved, and the welding quality of local vacuum welding is improved.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the sealing plate 31 is provided with a first through hole 311 and a second through hole 312, the first through hole 311 is assembled with the smoke protection component 2 in a sealing manner, the second through hole 312 is connected with the air extraction pipeline 8, a communication groove 313 is formed in one side, far away from the laser welding gun 1, of the sealing plate 31, two ends of the communication groove 313 are respectively communicated with the first through hole 311 and the second through hole 312, and the containing groove component is circumferentially arranged outside the first through hole 311, the second through hole 312 and the communication groove 313. The first through hole 311, the second through hole 312, the communication groove 313, and the first sealing ring 321 cooperate with the welding table 4 and the space between the workpieces 7 to be welded to form an inner cavity of the sealing plate 31 for partial vacuum welding of the workpieces 7 to be welded. This setting is through carrying out institutional advancement to local seal structure 3, guarantees on the one hand that local seal structure 3 inside forms sealed space and carries out partial vacuum laser welding's reliability, and on the other hand avoids the flue gas when welding to lead to the fact the pollution to lens 21 through smoke and dust protection component 2, has guaranteed welding quality.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 9, the smoke protection assembly 2 includes a lens 21, a gland 22, a smoke protection cavity 23 and an air resistor 24, the gland 22 is used for sealing the lens 21 at the top end of the smoke protection cavity 23, the air resistor 24 is disposed between the smoke protection cavity 23 and an internal cavity of the sealing plate 31, and the air resistor 24 is used for blocking smoke generated during laser welding inside the local sealing structure 3 from entering the smoke protection cavity 23.
In the laser welding process, especially in the welding process of titanium alloy, a large amount of flue gas can be produced, if these flue gas get into in the smoke protection cavity 23, will seriously pollute lens 21, reduce its light transmissivity, lead to laser welding effect and inefficiency, the setting of air lock 24 greatly reduced the flue gas volume that gets into in the smoke protection cavity 23, avoided lens 21 to receive the pollution to laser welding's efficiency and quality have been guaranteed effectively.
As a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the air resistor 24 includes a support 241 and a baffle 242, a first flange 2411 is circumferentially disposed on an upper side of the support 241, a sinking platform 3111 is disposed on the first through hole 311, the first flange 2411 is assembled with the sinking platform 3111 in a matching manner, a lower side of the support 241 passes through the first through hole 311 to enter an inner cavity of the sealing plate 31, a second flange 2412 turned inwards is disposed on a bottom circumference of the support 241, the baffle 242 is assembled with the second flange 2412 in a matching manner, a light hole 2421 is disposed on the baffle 242, and the laser generated by the laser welding gun 1 sequentially passes through the lens 21 and the light hole 2421 to weld the workpiece 7 to be welded.
Through the above arrangement, the baffle 242 in the air resistor 24 is closer to the welding seam, the baffle 242 is closer to the welding seam, the pressing effect of smoke dust generated during welding is better, and the light holes 2421 are smaller, so that the smoke dust entering the smoke dust protection cavity 23 is limited, the lens 21 can be effectively prevented from being polluted, the welding quality and efficiency of vacuum laser welding are improved, the structures of the first folding edge 2411 and the sinking table 3111 are conducive to forming a sealing structure between the smoke dust protection component 2 and the local sealing structure 3, the vacuum degree in the local sealing structure 3 is further improved, and the welding quality of the local laser welding is improved. Optionally, the light hole 2421 is a strip hole along the welding direction, which helps to increase the welding range of the laser welding gun 1.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a boss 233 is disposed at the bottom of the smoke protection chamber 23, the boss 233 is assembled with the sinking table 3111, and an annular groove 234 is disposed on the boss 233, and the annular groove 234 is used for providing an airtight member (not shown in the drawings).
During assembly, the boss 233 is sleeved on the outer circumferential direction of the first flange 2411 and extends into the sinking platform 3111, and the airtight member arranged in the annular groove 234 can remarkably improve the air tightness of the smoke protection component 2 and the local sealing structure 3, and is helpful for improving the vacuum degree of the inner cavity of the sealing plate 31, so that the welding quality is improved.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, an air inlet structure 231 and an air exhaust structure 232 are disposed on a side wall of the smoke protection chamber 23, wherein the air inlet structure 231 is used for charging inert gas into the smoke protection chamber 23, and the air exhaust structure 232 is used for exhausting inert gas in the smoke protection chamber 23.
The arrangement of the air inlet structure 231 and the air exhaust structure 232 can take away the flue gas entering the flue dust protection cavity 23, so that the pollution to the lens 21 is further avoided, in addition, the metal vapor during welding is absorbed by the laser beam and ionized into plasma cloud, the energy of the laser beam can be consumed to a certain extent, the welding quality is influenced, the plasma cloud generated during laser welding can be effectively dispersed through the arrangement of the air inlet structure 231 and the air exhaust structure 232, the consumption of the plasma to the laser is reduced, and the quality of the laser welding is improved. The air suction pipeline 8, the air inlet structure 231 and the air suction structure 232 are always in a working state in the welding process, so that smoke and plasma cloud generated during welding can be dispersed to the greatest extent, and the quality and efficiency of laser welding are guaranteed.
As a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7 to 10, the pressure assembly 5 includes a first sliding plate 51, the first sliding plate 51 is pressed over the partial sealing structure 3, guide posts 52 are disposed at opposite ends of the first sliding plate 51, connecting sleeves 53 are sleeved on the guide posts 52, the connecting sleeves 53 are fixed on the base 6, a second sliding plate 54 is disposed at a lower end of the guide posts 52, the second sliding plate 54 is integrally connected with the guide posts 52, the second sliding plate 54 can move up and down under the action of the second driving assembly 55, and the second driving assembly 55 is fixed on the base 6. As an example of the present invention, four guide posts 52 are disposed at four azimuth angles of the first sliding plate 51, the upper end and the lower end of the guide post 52 are connected with the first sliding plate 51 and the second sliding plate 54 respectively, each guide post 52 passes through a support panel 62 of the base 6, preferably, one connecting sleeve 53 is disposed on each guide post 52, a connection hole 622 is disposed on the support panel 62, part of the connecting sleeve 53 is fixedly connected with the support panel 62 after passing through the connection hole 622, and the second driving assembly 55 and the second sliding plate 54 are disposed inside a support frame 61 below the support panel 62. When in use, the second driving assembly 55 drives the second sliding plate 54 to move up and down during operation, so as to drive the guide post 52 to move up and down integrally, and the guide post 52 passes through the connecting sleeve 53 to drive the first sliding plate 51 to move up and down, so as to change the pressure borne by the local sealing structure 3 during welding. Wherein, optionally, a third through hole 511 is provided on the first sliding plate 51, and the smoke protection component 2 is fixedly connected with the sealing plate 31 after passing through the third through hole 511.
The pressure component 5 has ingenious structure, the second driving component 55 and the transmission device are mostly arranged in the base 6, the appearance is more attractive, the risk of noise or foreign matter damage caused by exposure of the power device of the pressure component 5 is avoided, the integral quality of the base 6 is increased, the reliability of the pressure component 5 for changing the pressure of the connection part of the local sealing structure 3 and the first bearing plate 41 or the workpiece 7 to be welded is improved, and the tightness of the internal space of the local sealing structure 3 is further improved when the local vacuum sealing device is welded by laser. The device is applicable to the condition that laser welder 1, local seal structure 3 and pressure subassembly 5 are fixed relative base 6, and welding table 4 moves relative base 6, when being used for welding table 4 and base 6 relatively fixed with pressure subassembly 5, when the condition that laser welder 1, local seal structure 3 and pressure subassembly 5 move relative welding table 4, adapter sleeve 53 and base 6 swing joint to set up on base 6 and be used for the gliding drive component of pressure subassembly 5, make pressure subassembly 5 can slide relative base 6 can, specifically can set up according to prior art, and no more detailed here.
As a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, the second driving assembly 55 includes a fixed frame 551, the fixed frame 551 is integrally connected to the base 6, a second driving motor 552 and a second ball screw 555 are disposed on the fixed frame 551, the second ball screw 555 is integrally connected to the second sliding plate 54 through a second nut housing 557, the upper and lower ends of the second ball screw 555 are respectively connected to the fixed frame 551 through a third bearing seat 556 and a fourth bearing seat 558, and the second driving motor 552 and the second ball screw 555 are driven through meshed driving gears. As an example of the present invention, the fixed frame 551 is configured as a rectangular frame, the second driving motor 552 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower plate of the fixed frame 551, the output shaft of the second driving motor 552 passes through the lower plate of the fixed frame 551, a driving gear 553 is fixed on the output shaft below the fixed frame 551, correspondingly, a driven gear 554 is disposed at the end of the second ball screw 555 passing through the lower plate of the fixed frame 551, the driving gear 553 is meshed with the driven gear 554, a third bearing seat 556 is disposed at the connection position between the second ball screw 555 and the lower plate of the fixed frame 551, a fourth bearing seat 558 is disposed on the lower surface of the upper plate of the fixed frame 551, the second ball screw 555 is rotatably connected with the third bearing seat 556 and the fourth bearing seat 558 via ball bearings, a lifting connection plate 559 is disposed above the upper plate of the fixed frame 551, and the lifting connection plate 559 is used for fixedly connecting the fixed frame 551 with the base 6, and preferably, the lifting connection plate 559 is provided with two. When in use, the second driving motor 552 drives the driving gear 553 to rotate, the second ball screw 555 is driven to reversely rotate through the external engagement action of the driving gear 553 and the driven gear 554, and the second ball screw 555 can only rotate due to the bearing connection of the second ball screw 555 and the fixed frame 551 through the third bearing seat 556 and the fourth bearing seat 558, and the second nut sleeve 557 arranged on the second ball screw 555 drives the second sliding plate 54 to integrally move up and down.
The arrangement discloses a structure of a second driving component 55, and utilizes a ball screw to drive the second sliding plate 54 to move up and down integrally, so that the structure is reasonable, the continuous adjustment of the pressure applied on the local sealing structure 3 by the pressure component 5 is realized, and the smoothness and reliability of the operation of the pressure component 5 are further improved.
As a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the welding table 4 further includes a first driving assembly 42, where the first driving assembly 42 is fixedly disposed with respect to the base 6, and the first driving assembly 42 is used to drive the first carrier plate 41 to move. When the workpiece 7 to be welded is a flat plate, the first driving assembly 42 is used for driving the first bearing plate 41 to horizontally move, and when the workpiece 7 to be welded and the first bearing plate 41 are arc-shaped, the first driving assembly 42 is used for driving the first bearing plate 41 to rotate by taking the arc-shaped circle center shaft as a rotation shaft.
The setting only needs to remove welding bench 4 can realize the welding seam for the removal of laser welder 1, and for synchronous device structure that sets up laser welder 1, smoke and dust protection component 2, local seal structure 3, pressure component 5 is simpler, and realize the welding position removal of waiting to weld work piece 7 through setting up welding bench 4, in the welding process, according to the performance adjustment pressure component 5 of local seal structure 3's applied pressure value for local seal structure 3 with first loading board 41 and/or waiting to weld work piece 7 junction is in the welding process and remains comparatively inseparable laminating state throughout, avoids waiting to weld the sealing failure that the welding seam that the work piece 7 welded passes local seal structure 3 and leads to, thereby improves laser welder 1 welded efficiency and reliability. It should be noted that, a corresponding driving structure may be provided to drive the laser welding gun 1, the smoke protection component 2, the local sealing structure 3, and the pressure component 5 to move horizontally (the workpiece 7 to be welded is a flat plate), or drive the laser welding gun 1, the smoke protection component 2, the local sealing structure 3, and the pressure component 5 to rotate with the arc-shaped circular mandrel of the workpiece 7 to be welded as a rotating shaft (the workpiece 7 to be welded is an arc-shaped plate).
As an example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the first driving assembly 42 includes a first driving motor 421, the first driving motor 421 is configured to drive the ball screw 424 to rotate, the ball screw 424 is connected to the first mount 423 and the second mount 425 through bearings, the first mount 423 and the second mount 425 are integrally connected to the support panel 62 of the base 6, the ball screw 424 is in screw transmission with a first nut sleeve 426, and the first nut sleeve 426 is integrally connected to the first bearing plate 41 through a second connection plate 427, where a rotation central axis direction of the ball screw 424 is perpendicular to a rotation central axis direction of the second ball screw 555.
The arrangement discloses a structure that a first driving component 42 drives a first bearing plate 41 to perform driving motion in the horizontal direction, optimizes the driving and transmission structure of a welding table 4, reasonably utilizes the space inside and on the upper part of a base 6, and ensures the reliability of the movement of a workpiece 7 to be welded and the partial vacuum laser welding. It should be understood that other driving structures may be used to achieve the horizontal movement or rotation of the welding table 4, and will not be described herein.
As a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the welding table 4 further includes a sliding rail 43 and a sliding block 44, wherein the sliding block 44 is integrally connected to the first carrier plate 41 through a first connecting plate 45, and the sliding block 44 can slide on the sliding rail 43 in a guiding manner. Preferably, two sets of the sliding rails 43 are provided corresponding to the sliding blocks 44, and two sliding rails 43 are disposed on opposite sides of the ball screw 424.
This arrangement further improves the smoothness and reliability of the horizontal movement of the first carrier plate 41 under the action of the first driving assembly 42 by the guiding sliding action of the sliding block 44 and the sliding rail 43.
As a preferred example of the present invention, a reduction mechanism 422 and a coupling 428 are provided between the first driving motor 421 and the ball screw 424. When the device is used, the output shaft of the first driving motor 421 is connected with the end of the ball screw 424 through the speed reducing mechanism 422 and the coupling 428, and the transmission torque of the ball screw 424 is improved through the speed reducing effect of the speed reducing mechanism 422, so that the first bearing plate 41 can still reliably and smoothly perform horizontal movement when the local sealing structure 3 is subjected to higher pressure, the output end of the speed reducing mechanism 422 is connected with the ball screw 424 through the coupling 428, the concentricity of the output shaft of the first driving motor 421, the output shaft of the speed reducing mechanism 422 and the transmission of the ball screw 424 is ensured, and the working reliability of the first driving assembly 42 is further improved.
As a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a back sealing structure 411 is provided on the first carrier plate 41, the back sealing structure 411 is provided on the first carrier plate 41 through a first mounting groove 429 on the first carrier plate 41, and a material ejection structure 412 is provided on the back sealing structure 411. Preferably, the back sealing structure 411 includes a downward concave accommodating space, the first workpiece 71 and the second workpiece 72 of the workpiece 7 to be welded are spliced in the first mounting groove 429 to form a welding seam, the welding seam is opposite to the laser output by the laser welding gun 1, and when the workpiece 7 to be welded moves integrally with the first bearing plate 41 under the action of the first driving component 42, the plane of the workpiece 7 to be welded is relatively flush with the upper surface of the first bearing plate 41 or forms a uniform cambered surface structure, so that reliable welding of the workpiece is realized.
In the welding process of the titanium alloy, the welding seam is exposed in the air, so that the problems of hydrogen embrittlement, oxidative discoloration and the like are very easy to occur, the welding quality is seriously affected, the back sealing structure 411 is used for sealing the back of the workpiece 7 to be welded, so that the back of the workpiece 7 to be welded is prevented from being oxidized in the welding process, and preferably, inert gas is filled in the back sealing structure 411 in the welding process, so that good protection is formed. Because the upper surface of the workpiece 7 to be welded is flush with the upper surface of the first bearing plate 41 or forms a uniform cambered surface structure, the workpiece is not easy to take out after welding, and the arrangement of the material ejection structure 412 is helpful to take out the welded workpiece after welding, so that the working efficiency is improved.
As a preferred example of the present invention, the base 6 includes a support frame 61 and a support panel 62, the support panel 62 is fixed above the support frame 61, a connection hole 622 is provided on the support panel 62, and the connection hole 622 is provided corresponding to the connection sleeve 53; a second mounting groove 623 is provided on the support panel 62, the second mounting groove 623 being for mounting connection of the first driving motor 421 and/or the reduction mechanism 422. Preferably, a box sealing plate is provided inside or outside the support frame 61, and a weight is provided inside the support frame 61 to increase the overall mass of the base 6. Preferably, a rail limiting groove 621 is provided on the upper surface of the support panel 62, and the rail limiting groove 621 is used for placing the sliding rail 43.
The second mounting groove 623 provided on the support panel 62 is used for adjusting the relative mounting height of the first driving component 42, so as to space avoid for mounting different back sealing structures 411 on the first bearing plate 41, and further improve the applicability of the partial vacuum sealing device in welding various large-size parts.
The above embodiment is mainly used for disclosing and limiting the smoke protection component 2, the driving system and the transmission system in the partial vacuum sealing device, and by the arrangement of the air resistor 24 and the smoke protection cavity 23, the smoke pollution to the lens 21 during welding is avoided, thereby improving the welding quality and the welding efficiency of laser welding, and the ball screw 424 and the second ball screw 555 which are arranged in a mutually vertical mode can continuously adjust the pressure applied to the partial sealing structure 3 by the pressure component 5 according to the structure and the performance of the partial sealing structure 3 on the one hand, ensure the sealing of the connection part of the partial sealing structure 3 and the first bearing plate 41 or the workpiece 7 to be welded, even when a high-temperature welding line passes through, still ensure the sealing reliability of the welding space inside the partial sealing structure 3, and ensure the low-vacuum environment requirement during the welding operation of the laser welding gun 1, on the other hand, ensure that the workpiece 7 to be welded can reliably perform horizontal movement relative to the partial sealing structure 3 under the action of the driving device, and the structure is ingenious, thereby not only reasonably utilizing the space between the inside the base 6 and the upper plate of the platform, but also ensuring the working reliability and the movement adjustment of the welding table 4 and the pressure component 5.
As shown in fig. 15, the welding system provided by the invention is also used for welding fillet welds, in a specific welding process, the two sides of the T-shaped riser are respectively provided with the laser welding gun 1, the local sealing structure 3, the pressure component 5, the smoke protection component 2 and the air exhaust pipeline 8, and the two sides of the fillet welds are synchronously welded, in the process, the two laser welding gun 1, the two local sealing structures 3, the two pressure components 5, the two smoke protection components 2 and the two air exhaust pipeline 8 are adopted, and then the back sealing structure 411 is used.
The partial vacuum sealing device adopts the sealing component 32 as a high-temperature sealing material for partial vacuum laser welding, which is independently developed by the applicant, and has the high-temperature sealing material capable of resisting high temperature of 500 ℃ and material hardness lower than 20, so that the sealing component 32 can be kept from being burnt when being moved relative to a welding line during welding, and simultaneously has better elastic deformability, so that the partial sealing structure 3 always keeps a state with low vacuum degree, and the vacuum degree can reach 10 -2 Pa, the penetration capacity of laser welding reaches 2-3 times of the same power under normal pressure environment.
The components of the seal assembly 32 of the present invention include (in parts by mass):
3-8 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-3 parts of stearic acid, 10-50 parts of carbon black, 0.5-3 parts of anti-aging agent, 0-2 parts of sulfur, 1-5 parts of accelerator, 5-20 parts of plasticizer, 1-10 parts of foaming agent and 0-20 parts of silicon nitride.
Wherein the rubber matrix is at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and silicone rubber.
In this embodiment, the carbon black is at least one of carbon black N330, carbon black N550, and carbon black N990.
As a preferable example of the present invention, the antioxidant is at least one of an antioxidant 4010NA, an antioxidant MB, and an antioxidant RD.
As a preferred example of the present invention, the plasticizer is at least one of plasticizer TP-95, plasticizer DOP, and plasticizer DOS.
As a preferred example of the present invention, the foaming agent is at least one of foaming agent AC and foaming agent OBSH.
The preparation method of the material comprises the following steps:
ST1: strictly weighing the raw materials of the sealing material for partial vacuum laser welding according to the quality;
ST2: and (3) carrying out an open mill plasticating process, an internal mixer mixing process, an open mill mixing process and an extrusion molding process on the prepared raw materials.
As an example of the present invention, wherein the mill plasticating process includes the steps of;
ST211: plasticating the matrix rubber on a double-roller open mill, regulating the roll gap to be minimum, and carrying out thin pass N times;
ST212: the roll gap is adjusted to be large, and M triangular bags are arranged;
wherein N, M is a preset parameter.
Specifically, as an example of the invention, the matrix rubber is fully plasticated on a two-roll open mill, the roll gap is adjusted to be minimum, the roll gap is thinned and opened for 6-8 times, the roll gap is enlarged, and then 6-8 triangular bags are arranged.
As a preferred example of the present invention, the Banbury mixer mixing process comprises the steps of:
ST221: putting plasticated matrix rubber, zinc oxide, an anti-aging agent and the like into an internal mixer, controlling the rotor speed to be 20-40 r/min, and banburying for a preset time T1 and controlling the temperature to be below 80 ℃;
ST222: adding a plasticizer, half of carbon black and half of foaming agent into an internal mixer, controlling the rotor speed to be 20-40 r/min, internally mixing for a preset time T2, and controlling the temperature below 80 ℃;
ST223: adding the other half of carbon black and the other half of foaming agent into an internal mixer, controlling the rotor to be 20-40 r/min, and carrying out internal mixing for a preset time T3, wherein the temperature is controlled below 80 ℃;
the preset time T1, the preset time T2 and the preset time T3 are preset time parameters, T1 is less than or equal to T2, and T1 is less than or equal to T3. Preferably, t2=t3. As an example of the present invention, t1=2 minutes, t2=3 minutes, and t3=3 minutes.
As an example of the present invention, the mill mixing process includes the steps of:
ST231: after the internal mixer mixes and leaves the bin, the sizing material is agglomerated and is placed in a ventilation place for cooling;
ST232: opening cooling water of an open mill, and sequentially adding small materials on equipment, wherein the small materials comprise an accelerator and sulfur;
ST233: after turning the small materials, adjusting the roll gap and then wrapping the small materials with a triangular bag Q for many times, wherein Q is a preset parameter;
ST234: and (3) discharging the sheet after the surface of the sizing material is flat and no obvious bubbles exist, and finishing the mixing procedure.
Specifically, as an example of the invention, after the internal mixer mixes and discharges the rubber material, the rubber material is agglomerated, the rubber material is taken to a position with excellent ventilation and is sufficiently cooled, cooling water of an open mill is opened, small materials such as accelerator, sulfur and the like are sequentially added on equipment, after turning and feeding are finished, the roll gap is increased, triangular bags are further arranged for 4-5 times, and after the surface of the rubber material is flat and has no obvious bubbles, the rubber material is discharged, and the mixing procedure is completed.
As an example of the present invention, the extrusion molding process includes the steps of:
ST241: cooling the refined rubber compound;
ST242: the extruder is divided into a plurality of sections of heating, the heating temperature of each section gradually decreases from front to back, and the traction speed is B, wherein B is a preset parameter;
ST243: the compound was placed on the conveyor belt of the extruder and the extruded sample was cooled by a cooling device.
Specifically, as an example of the present invention, the refined mix was cooled, the extruder was divided into four stages of heating, the heating temperatures were set at 160 ℃, 150 ℃, 145 ℃ and 140 ℃ respectively, and the traction speed was 1.6mm/s. Then the rubber compound is placed on a conveyor belt of an extruder, the extruded sample is cooled by a cooling device, and finally the sealing material with low hardness and high temperature resistance as shown in fig. 1 and 2 is prepared.
By the preparation method, the sealing material with low hardness (hardness is less than 20) and high temperature resistance (500 ℃) in a short time can be obtained, and can be applied to partial vacuum laser welding.
Specifically, the sizing formulation of the sealing material for partial vacuum laser welding according to the invention is shown in the following table 1:
table 1 example of seal formulation
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Weighing the components according to the sizing material formula, and preparing the sealing material prepared from the rubber compound according to the preparation method of the sealing material for partial vacuum laser welding.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a welding method for the partial vacuum sealing apparatus and the welding system according to embodiment 1, the welding method comprising the following steps:
Step S1: machining a workpiece to be welded into an I-shaped groove, polishing the surface of the machined groove and a base material within 30mm of the edge before assembly, cleaning to remove greasy dirt, and assembling and installing the treated workpiece to be welded on a welding table;
step S2: the local sealing structure is pressed on the welding table by adopting the pressure component, so that the sealing component is bonded and sealed with the workpiece and the welding table;
step S3: vacuumizing the upper surface of the welding seam to ensure the vacuum degree of the environment in the welding process, vacuumizing a back sealing structure on the back of the welding seam or adopting a protective cover to charge inert gas for protection;
step S4: when the vacuum degree reaches the welding requirement, a laser welding gun is started to weld, laser sequentially passes through the lens and the smoke protection component and then acts on metal to be welded, an air curtain is formed in the smoke protection component through the flow of inert gas, so that the lens is prevented from being polluted by metal vapor, and the light transmittance of the lens during welding is ensured; in the welding process, the vacuumizing system continuously operates, and the pressure assembly continuously operates, so that the joint sealing between the local sealing structure and the workpiece and the welding table is ensured;
step S5: and (5) finishing welding.
The high-adaptability partial vacuum sealing device for the large structure provided by the embodiment can be applied to welding of metal structures such as titanium alloy, steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
The welding strength coefficient of the titanium alloy workpiece joint manufactured by adopting the partial vacuum sealing device provided in the embodiment 1 and the welding method provided in the embodiment 2 is not lower than 0.95.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a welding example by adopting the partial vacuum sealing device in the embodiment 1 and the welding method in the embodiment 2, wherein the material is the marine Ti80 alloy, and the welding example is widely applied to deep submarines and ship equipment, and the service environment of the welding example has higher requirements on impact toughness.
The molding material was a Ti80 titanium alloy plate, and the thickness of the test plate was 42mm. Mechanically polishing the surface of a Ti80 titanium alloy substrate, respectively cleaning with acetone and an alcohol solvent by ultrasonic wave to remove greasy dirt, and drying for later use; the washed workpiece is placed on a workbench after the size is measured, and is fixed by a clamp; the welding is carried out by adopting a partial vacuum sealing device and a partial vacuum sealing method, the welding speed is 0.6-1.5m/min, the laser power is 16-20KW, and the vacuum degree is 10-1000Pa. The whole laser welding process is carried out in a partial vacuum environment, the surface of a welding test plate is not oxidized, and the surface of a formed component is silvery white or light yellow.
And carrying out nondestructive detection on the partial vacuum laser welded joint finished according to the steps by adopting an X-ray flaw detector after welding, wherein the quality of the welding seam meets the NB 47013-2015I-level requirements. And analyzing the joint structure by using a metallographic microscope, performing a welded joint tensile test by using an electronic universal testing machine, and performing an impact toughness test on the joint by using a pendulum impact testing machine.
The partial vacuum laser welding of Ti80 alloy by adopting the invention has the penetration thickness about 3 times that of the common laser welding, and the welding joint has no nail tip defect, and the welding joint pair is shown in figure 15. In addition, the Ti80 alloy can be welded by partial vacuum laser to obtain good joint performance, the tensile strength coefficient reaches 99 percent, and the impact absorption power is higher than that of a base material, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 comparative performance of partial vacuum laser welded Ti80 alloy joints
Besides the welding thickness and performance superior to those of normal pressure laser welding joints, the partial vacuum laser welding method can realize high-efficiency laser welding of large structures, and has important significance and application prospect in the fields of ships and deep sea equipment.
It is to be noted that all terms used for directional and positional indication in the present invention, such as: the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "low", "tail", "head", "center", etc. are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, connection, etc. between the components in a particular state, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout includes three parallel schemes, for example "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously.
In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A partial vacuum sealing apparatus for partial vacuum laser welding, comprising:
the laser welding gun (1), the said laser welding gun (1) is used for producing the laser and treating the welded work piece (7);
the local sealing structure (3), the local sealing structure (3) is used for forming a local sealing welding area at a to-be-welded position of a to-be-welded workpiece (7), and laser generated by the laser welding gun (1) can penetrate through the local sealing structure (3) to weld the to-be-welded workpiece (7);
The smoke protection component (2), the smoke protection component (2) is arranged between the laser welding gun (1) and the local sealing structure (3), and laser generated by the laser welding gun (1) can penetrate through the smoke protection component (2) to weld a workpiece (7) to be welded;
the air extraction pipeline (8), air extraction pipeline (8) and closing plate (31) inboard cavity intercommunication, air extraction pipeline (8) are used for sucking local seal structure (3) inside air to form the vacuum welding environment.
2. The partial vacuum sealing arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the partial sealing arrangement (3) comprises a sealing plate (31), a sealing assembly (32) being arranged on the sealing plate (31) at an end remote from the laser welding gun (1), the sealing assembly (32) being adapted to form a partial sealing weld zone at the location to be welded of the workpieces (7) to be welded.
3. The partial vacuum sealing arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that a receiving groove assembly is provided on the sealing plate (31) on the side remote from the laser welding gun (1), in which receiving groove assembly the sealing assembly (32) is arranged, and the sealing assembly (32) is in interference fit with the receiving groove assembly.
4. A partial vacuum sealing arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the receiving groove assembly comprises a first receiving groove (314) and a second receiving groove (315), wherein the first receiving groove (314) and the second receiving groove (315) are arranged in a closed annular shape, the center of the first receiving groove (314), the center of the second receiving groove (315) and the center of the sealing plate (31) coincide, the sealing assembly (32) comprises a first sealing ring (321) and a second sealing ring (322), the second sealing ring (322) is arranged in the first receiving groove (314), the second sealing ring (322) is in interference fit with the first receiving groove (314), the first sealing ring (321) is arranged in the second receiving groove (315), and the first sealing ring (321) is in interference fit with the second receiving groove (315).
5. A partial vacuum sealing arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the sealing plate (31) is provided with a first through hole (311) and a second through hole (312), the first through hole (311) is assembled with the smoke protection component (2) in a sealing way, the second through hole (312) is connected with the air extraction pipeline (8), a communicating groove (313) is arranged on one side, far away from the laser welding gun (1), of the sealing plate (31), two ends of the communicating groove (313) are respectively communicated with the first through hole (311) and the second through hole (312), and the accommodating groove component is arranged on the outer sides of the first through hole (311), the second through hole (312) and the communicating groove (313) in a surrounding way.
6. The partial vacuum sealing arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the smoke protection assembly (2) comprises a lens (21), a gland (22), a smoke protection cavity (23) and an air lock (24), the gland (22) is used for sealing the lens (21) at the top end of the smoke protection cavity (23), the air lock (24) is arranged between the smoke protection cavity (23) and an inner cavity of the sealing plate (31), and the air lock (24) is used for blocking smoke generated during laser welding inside the partial sealing structure (3) from entering the smoke protection cavity (23).
7. The partial vacuum sealing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the air resistor (24) comprises a support (241), a first flange (2411) is circumferentially provided on an upper side of the support (241), a sinking table (3111) is provided on the first through hole (311), the first flange (2411) is fitted with the sinking table (3111), and a lower side of the support (241) passes through the first through hole (311) into the sealing plate (31) inner chamber.
8. The partial vacuum sealing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the air resistor (24) further comprises a baffle (242), a second folded edge (2412) turned inwards is arranged on the bottom circumference of the support (241), the baffle (242) is assembled with the second folded edge (2412) in a matching manner, a light hole (2421) is formed in the baffle (242), and laser generated by the laser welding gun (1) sequentially passes through the lens (21) and the light hole (2421) and then welds the workpiece (7) to be welded.
9. The partial vacuum sealing arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that a boss (233) is provided at the bottom of the fume protection chamber (23), the boss (233) being fitted with the counter plate (3111), an annular groove (234) being provided on the boss (233), the annular groove (234) being used for providing an airtight member.
10. A partial vacuum sealing arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that an air inlet structure (231) and an air extraction structure (232) are provided on the side wall of the smoke protection chamber (23), the air inlet structure (231) being arranged to charge inert gas into the smoke protection chamber (23), the air extraction structure (232) being arranged to extract inert gas from the smoke protection chamber (23).
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| CN202211438949 | 2022-11-17 | ||
| CN2022114389490 | 2022-11-17 |
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| CN202311256539.9A Pending CN117283128A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2023-09-27 | Partial vacuum laser welding device and welding method |
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| CN117564518A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 洛阳船舶材料研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所) | Vacuum laser welding device and welding method |
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|---|---|
| CN117283128A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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