CN113927168A

CN113927168A - Vacuum laser welding machine

Info

Publication number: CN113927168A
Application number: CN202111488959.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董清; 董子路; 周宗卓; 汪绪佳; 张立
Original assignee: Jingytterbium Technology Wuhan Co ltd; Hubei Hantai Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Jingytterbium Technology Wuhan Co ltd; Hubei Hantai Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-08
Filing date: 2021-12-08
Publication date: 2022-01-14

Abstract

The utility model provides a vacuum laser-beam welding machine, relates to the mechanical manufacturing processing technology field, including welded platform subassembly, work piece unloading and evacuation mechanism and laser welding mechanism, unloading and evacuation mechanism include at least one last unloader that is used for the clamping work piece and at least one evacuating device that is used for providing vacuum environment for vacuum welding on the work piece, the bottom of going up unloader is installed on the welded platform subassembly, and last unloader is used for clamping location work piece, evacuating device is equipped with and opens and shuts and is used for the welding operation cavity, and when last unloader got into the welding operation cavity and reachs the work piece welding position, the welding operation cavity was sealed, and evacuating device will weld the operation cavity evacuation. The invention can provide the vacuum laser welding machine for vacuum welding of mechanical parts with larger shapes, and has the advantages of compact structure, continuity, high speed, low equipment loss, strong universality, reliable operation and low manufacturing cost.

Description

Vacuum laser welding machine

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a vacuum laser welding machine.

Background

In the field of machine manufacturing, with the further development of welding technology, laser welding and electron beam welding are developed, and welding robots are widely used in industrial production. Especially, laser welding has high power density and fast energy release, and the focal point of the laser welding is smaller, so that the adhesion degree of the welded materials after melting is better, the materials cannot be damaged or deformed, and the working efficiency is better improved. However, for some parts with extremely high precision requirements in the electronic, shipbuilding and automobile industries, especially the aerospace industry, the conventional laser welding process is completed in the air, not only part of energy is lost, but also protective gas is needed to be adopted, the quality and performance of a welding seam are affected, and the requirements cannot be met, and the vacuum electron beam welding gun body is large in size, heavy in weight and inconvenient to realize flexible processing. And protective gas is not needed during laser welding in a vacuum state, no splashing exists in the welding process, deeper welding depth is realized, and welding seams are more uniform. The existing vacuum laser welding equipment at home and abroad is small in size, is only suitable for laboratories to use, is high in price, is limited in application range, needs to clamp and position mechanical parts when welding the mechanical parts with large body sizes, and simultaneously needs to vacuumize the whole welding environment, so that the existing device can cause the positioned workpieces to displace in the vacuumizing process, and the welding quality is directly influenced.

The related art in the above has the following disadvantages: the existing vacuum welding equipment has small volume, is only suitable for laboratories, has high price, has limited application range and does not meet the process requirement of vacuum welding processing.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems that the existing vacuum welding equipment in the prior art is small in size, is only suitable for laboratories, is high in price, is limited in application range and does not meet the process requirements of vacuum welding processing, the application provides a vacuum laser welding machine. The following technical scheme is adopted:

a vacuum laser welding machine comprises a welding platform assembly, a workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism and a laser welding mechanism, wherein the workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism comprises at least one feeding and discharging device used for clamping workpieces and at least one vacuumizing device used for providing a vacuum environment for vacuum welding, the bottom of the feeding and discharging device is installed on the welding platform assembly, the feeding and discharging device is used for clamping and positioning the workpieces, the vacuumizing device is provided with a openable and closable welding operation cavity, a laser protection device used for laser beam transmission is arranged at the top of the welding operation cavity, when the feeding and discharging device enters the welding operation cavity to reach a workpiece welding position, the welding operation cavity is sealed, the vacuumizing device vacuumizes the welding operation cavity, the laser welding mechanism comprises at least one laser welding machine, and a laser beam emitted by a laser head of the laser welding machine penetrates through the laser protection device at the top of the welding operation cavity, and completing laser welding of the workpiece in a vacuum environment.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, put the work piece and press from both sides the location on unloader, unloader carries the work piece and sends into and reachs the work piece welding position in evacuating device's the welding operation cavity, and the welding operation cavity is sealed, and evacuating device will weld the operation cavity evacuation, and the laser beam that laser-beam welding machine's laser head sent pierces through the laser protection lens at welding operation cavity top, accomplishes the laser welding under to the work piece vacuum environment.

Optionally, unloading and evacuation mechanism on the work piece include unloader and evacuating device, unloader includes power slip table and work piece clamping device, the track fixed mounting of power slip table is at welding platform subassembly upper surface, work piece clamping device installs on the slider of power slip table to along with the slider removes, evacuating device fixed mounting is at welding platform subassembly upper surface, and an inclosed welding operation cavity is constituteed with unloader to evacuating device, works as unloader is fixed when arriving the welding station in carrying the welding operation cavity with the work piece, and evacuating device takes out the welding operation cavity into vacuum environment, and the evacuation in-process, the last work piece rigidity of unloader does not change.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, put the work piece and press from both sides the location on the work piece clamping device, the power slip table starts, and the slider of power slip table drives work piece clamping device and work piece, transports in the evacuating device, and evacuating device and last unloader constitute an inclosed welding operation cavity, and the work piece reachs the welding position this moment, and the position that will go up unloader is fixed, and evacuating device takes out the welding operation cavity into the vacuum environment, and the evacuation in-process, the work piece position on the last unloader is fixed.

Optionally, the feeding and discharging device comprises a tank cover assembly, a lead screw lifting sliding table, a limiting sliding table, a supporting seat, a workpiece supporting seat, a positioning spring, a clamp for clamping a workpiece and a workpiece adapting plate, wherein the tank cover assembly is provided with a tank cover plate, the bottom of the tank cover assembly is arranged on a sliding block of the power sliding table, a track of the lead screw lifting sliding table is fixedly arranged on the tank cover plate, the upper surface of the supporting seat is provided with at least one spring stop dog, the spring stop dog is provided with a through hole, one side of the supporting seat is arranged on the sliding block of the lead screw lifting sliding table and moves up and down along with the sliding block, a track of the limiting sliding table is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting seat, one side of the workpiece supporting seat is provided with a collision block for positioning the horizontal position of the workpiece supporting seat, and the other side of the workpiece supporting seat is provided with at least one spring guide pillar for keeping the horizontal position of the workpiece supporting seat, the bottom of a workpiece supporting seat is arranged on a sliding block of a limiting sliding table, a positioning spring is sleeved on a spring guide pillar, the spring guide pillar penetrates through a through hole in a spring stop block and moves horizontally under the guiding of the through hole, the bottom of the clamp is arranged on the upper surface of the workpiece supporting seat and moves along with the workpiece supporting seat, a workpiece adapter plate is used for positioning and clamping a workpiece to be welded, the workpiece adapter plate is detachably arranged on a positioning element of the clamp, the vacuumizing device comprises a tank body assembly, a limiting block, a sealing ring, a vacuum pump and a pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve, an open end surface used for matching a tank cover plate is arranged on one side of the tank body assembly, a groove used for assembling the sealing ring is arranged on the open end surface, at least one lens mounting port used for assembling a laser protection lens and a vacuumizing port are arranged on the tank body assembly, the limiting block is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body assembly in an adjustable manner, and the sealing ring is assembled at a groove on the open end surface on one side of the tank body assembly, and the vacuum pump is communicated with a vacuumizing port of the tank body assembly in a sealing way through a pipeline and a pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve.

By adopting the technical scheme, the workpiece adapter plate is provided with the profiling part used for matching the workpiece to be welded, the workpiece adapter plate can be flexibly replaced according to different workpieces, the workpiece to be welded is placed on the profiling part of the workpiece adapter plate, the workpiece is tightly attached to the profiling part, clamping is more reliable, the clamp is started, the clamping part of the clamp is started to clamp the workpiece on the workpiece adapter plate, clamping of the workpiece is completed, the screw rod lifting sliding table can be manually operated or electrically operated, the screw rod lifting sliding table is started, the sliding block drives the supporting seat and the workpiece clamped on the supporting seat to move up and down to be adjusted to a process setting position and then stopped, the screw rod lifting sliding table has a self-locking function, and the position of the supporting seat is fixed;

the power sliding table is started, a sliding block of the power sliding table drives the feeding and discharging device and the workpiece to move towards the vacuumizing device, when a tank cover plate is contacted with a sealing ring assembled on the open end face on one side of the tank body assembly, a welding operation cavity isolated from the outside is formed in the tank cover plate and the tank body assembly, a collision block on one side of a workpiece supporting seat is abutted against a limiting block in the tank body assembly at the moment, the relative distance between the workpiece and the tank body assembly is ensured to be fixed, a spring guide pillar on the other side of the workpiece supporting seat is inserted into a through hole of a spring stop block and compresses a spring, a vacuum pump is started, a pneumatic high vacuum ball valve is operated to be opened, the vacuum pump vacuumizes the welding operation cavity, the tank cover plate is tightly pressed on the open end face of the tank body assembly due to the action of atmospheric pressure, in order to ensure the sealing performance, the sealing ring adopts a flexible sealing ring, the sealing ring is compressed at the moment, and the collision block is in hard contact with the limiting block, when the sealing ring deforms, the spring is further compressed on the other side of the workpiece supporting seat, the deformation of the spring compensates for the deformation of the sealing ring, and the workpiece supporting seat on the supporting seat is fixed and unchanged in position in the whole vacuumizing process of packaging, so that the workpiece position of clamping on the clamp is unchanged.

Optionally, when the collision block on the workpiece support seat is in rigid contact with the limiting block, the side surface of the tank cover plate contacts with the sealing surface of the sealing ring, and the positioning spring is in a compressed state.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, ensure when the evacuation, the deformation of sealing washer can be compensated in the deformation of spring to ensure at the evacuation in-process, guarantee that the jar apron is compressed tightly at the uncovered terminal surface of jar body sub-assembly one side.

Optionally, the laser welding mechanism includes at least one set of laser welding device and laser protection device, the laser welding device includes power cross sliding table and laser welding machine, the track of power cross sliding table passes through frame fixed mounting on the welded platform subassembly to be located the one side of unloading and evacuation mechanism on the work piece, the frame of laser welding machine is installed on the slider of power cross sliding table, the laser protection device includes laser protection lens mounting panel, laser protection lens and organ cover, the laser protection lens mounting panel is equipped with lens installation position, laser protection lens mounting panel fixed mounting is in the lens installation department on the jar body sub-assembly, laser protection lens fixed mounting is in the lens installation position department of laser protection lens mounting panel, the one end of organ cover is connected in the lens installation department of jar body sub-assembly, the other end is connected with a laser head shell of the laser welding machine; preferably, the number of the laser welding devices and the number of the laser protection devices are two, and the two sets of the laser welding devices and the two sets of the laser protection devices are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the top and one side of the welding operation cavity.

By adopting the technical scheme, the power cross sliding table is started, the sliding block drives the laser welding machine arranged on the sliding block to complete transverse and longitudinal movement and position adjustment, so that the laser head of the laser welding machine is aligned to the laser protection lens, the welding operation cavity is sealed after the laser protection lens mounting plate and the laser protection lens are mounted, and the laser energy emitted by the laser head of the laser welding machine can be projected into the welding operation cavity to weld a workpiece in the welding process through the laser protection lens.

Optionally, the side of laser protection lens is equipped with at least one water inlet and delivery port, and inside is equipped with the lens transmission portion that is used for the laser focusing transmission, is used for the lens installation department of installation and is used for the water-cooling passageway to the cooling of lens transmission portion, lens transmission portion and lens installation department make up into laser protection lens, and the lens transmission portion is located one side at laser protection lens center, the outside of lens installation department and one side of encircleing lens transmission portion are equipped with a set of mounting hole respectively, the both ends of water-cooling passageway communicate with water inlet and delivery port respectively.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the vacuum laser welding process, the water-cooling channel of the laser protection lens is communicated with an external water-cooling circulating device through the water inlet and the water outlet, so that the cooling and heat dissipation are implemented on the lens transmission part of the laser protection lens, and the service life of the laser protection lens is greatly prolonged; and the lens transmission part is in an eccentric structure relative to the lens mounting part of the laser protection lens, and when different workpieces need to be welded, the whole laser protection lens is mounted in a turnover manner so as to meet the welding process requirements of the different workpieces.

Optionally, the feeding and vacuum-pumping mechanism for workpieces further comprises at least one set of tank cover pressing assembly, the tank cover pressing assembly comprises a rotary pressing cylinder and a cylinder mounting seat, the cylinder mounting seat is fixedly mounted at the top of the tank cover plate, the cylinder body of the rotary pressing cylinder is mounted on the cylinder mounting seat, and when the tank cover plate and the tank body assembly are closed, the rotary pressing claw of the rotary pressing cylinder presses the tank cover plate and the tank body assembly.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the cover board is pasted tightly when the sealing washer of the side of jar body sub-assembly uncovered terminal surface department, the rotatory cylinder that compresses tightly starts, rotatory pressing head that compresses tightly the cylinder is rotatory back down, and the piston rod is retrieved, and rotatory pressing head compresses tightly jar body sub-assembly side uncovered terminal surface and cover board, opens the vacuum pump evacuation afterwards, and such setting can shorten vacuum pump evacuation time greatly, reduces the energy consumption, raises the efficiency.

Optionally, unloading and evacuation mechanism also has cover detection device on the work piece, cover detection device comprises two at least sets of photoelectric switch subassemblies, the photoelectric switch subassembly passes through mounting panel adjustable and installs on the welded platform subassembly to be located one side of last unloader, be used for detecting the position of jar apron.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the photoelectric switch subassembly orientation detected the cover board and passed through, it sheltered from the photoelectric switch subassembly to detect the position of cover board.

Optionally, the screw rod lifting sliding table of the workpiece clamping device is a screw rod lifting sliding table with a self-locking mechanism.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, lead screw lift slip table has self-locking mechanism, and when the lead screw stall of lead screw lift slip table, because self-locking mechanism, the position of its slider just locks automatically, guarantees that the supporting seat position of installing on it is fixed.

Optionally, the work piece clamping device still has work piece position locking subassembly, work piece position locking subassembly includes an at least lockplate and locking bolt, be equipped with at least one row of locking hole that is used for the matching to insert the locking bolt on the lockplate, lockplate fixed mounting is on the jar apron to be located the orbital one side of lead screw lift slip table, when the work piece reachs and sets for the welding station, insert the locking bolt and accomplish the mechanical type location locking to the work piece clamping device in the locking hole of lockplate.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the screw rod of the screw rod lifting sliding table stops rotating, the workpiece reaches the set welding station height, the locking bolt is inserted into the locking hole of the locking plate to complete mechanical positioning and locking of the workpiece clamping device, mechanical locking is added for the self-locking mechanism of the screw rod lifting sliding table, the position of the workpiece is unchanged in the welding process, and the whole welding is finished with high quality.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the invention can provide the vacuum laser welding machine for vacuum welding of mechanical parts with larger shapes, and has the advantages of compact structure, low manufacturing cost, continuity, high speed, low equipment loss, strong universality and stable and reliable operation.

2. The workpiece adapter plate is arranged, so that workpieces of different specifications can be processed by adopting different corresponding adapter plates, and the universality of the whole vacuum laser welding machine is greatly improved by only replacing the corresponding adapter plate when the variety of the workpiece is changed.

3. The tank body assembly is provided with the spring structure, and the compression deformation of the sealing ring is automatically compensated by the displacement of the spring during vacuum pumping, so that a workpiece is always kept at a fixed position.

4. The laser protection lens mounting plate is provided with a water cooling structure and an eccentric structure, the laser protection lens mounting plate is cooled by cooling water to prolong the service life of the laser protection lens, and the eccentric structure is arranged to be suitable for doubling the variety number of workpieces when the laser protection lens mounting plate is turned over for 180-degree installation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the welding operation chamber of the present invention in an open state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a welding operation chamber in a closed state according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a loading and unloading apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the fixture and the workpiece adapter plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a laser protection lens according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the area A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged structural view of the area B of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a partially enlarged structural view of the region C of fig. 5 according to the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. welding the platform assembly; 2. a loading and unloading device; 3. a vacuum pumping device; 3-1, welding a working cavity; 4. laser welding machine; 5. a power slide table; 6. a can lid assembly; 6-1, a tank cover plate; 7. a screw rod lifting sliding table; 8. a limiting sliding table; 9. a supporting seat; 9-1, a spring stop block; 9-1-1, through holes; 10. a workpiece supporting seat; 10-1, collision block; 10-2, a spring guide post; 11. a positioning spring; 12. a clamp; 13. a workpiece adapting plate; 14. a tank assembly; 15. a limiting block; 16. a seal ring; 17. a vacuum pump; 18. a pneumatic high vacuum ball valve; 19. a powered cross slide; 20. a laser protection lens mounting plate; 21. laser protection lens; 21-1, a lens transmission part; 21-2, a lens mounting portion; 21-3, water cooling channels; 21-4, mounting holes; 22. an organ cover; 23. rotating the compaction cylinder; 24. a cylinder mounting seat; 25. a photoelectric switch assembly; 26. a locking plate; 27. and locking the bolt.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-10.

The embodiment of the application discloses a vacuum laser welding machine.

Referring to fig. 1-10, a vacuum laser welding machine comprises a welding platform assembly 1, a workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism and a laser welding mechanism, wherein the workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism comprises at least one feeding and discharging device 2 for clamping a workpiece and at least one vacuumizing device 3 for providing a vacuum environment for vacuum welding, the bottom of the feeding and discharging device 2 is installed on the welding platform assembly 1, the feeding and discharging device 2 is used for clamping and positioning the workpiece, the vacuumizing device 3 is provided with an openable and closable welding operation cavity 3-1, the top of the welding operation cavity 3-1 is provided with a laser protection device for laser beam transmission, when the feeding and discharging device 2 enters the welding operation cavity 3-1 to reach a welding position of the workpiece, the welding operation cavity 3-1 is sealed, the vacuumizing device 3 vacuumizes the welding operation cavity 3-1, the laser welding mechanism comprises at least one laser welding machine 4, and laser beams emitted by a laser head of the laser welding machine 4 penetrate through a laser protection device at the top of the welding operation cavity 3-1 to complete laser welding of workpieces in a vacuum environment.

By adopting the technical scheme, the workpiece is placed on the loading and unloading device 2 for clamping and positioning, the loading and unloading device 2 carries the workpiece to be conveyed into the welding operation cavity 3-1 of the vacuumizing device 3 to reach the welding position of the workpiece, the welding operation cavity 3-1 is sealed, the vacuumizing device 3 vacuumizes the welding operation cavity 3-1, and a laser beam emitted by a laser head of the laser welding machine 4 penetrates through a laser protection lens at the top of the welding operation cavity 3-1 to complete laser welding of the workpiece in a vacuum environment.

The workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism comprises a feeding and discharging device 2 and a vacuumizing device 3, wherein the feeding and discharging device 2 comprises a power sliding table 5 and a workpiece clamping device, a track of the power sliding table 5 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of a welding platform assembly 1, the workpiece clamping device is arranged on a sliding block of the power sliding table 5 and moves along with the sliding block, the vacuumizing device 3 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the welding platform assembly 1, the vacuumizing device 3 and the feeding and discharging device 2 form a closed welding operation cavity 3-1, when the feeding and discharging device 2 conveys a workpiece into the welding operation cavity 3-1 and reaches a welding station, the workpiece is fixed, the vacuumizing device 3 vacuumizes the welding operation cavity 3-1 into a vacuum environment, and in the vacuumizing process, the position of the workpiece on the feeding and discharging device 2 is fixed.

The workpiece is placed on the workpiece clamping device for clamping and positioning, the power sliding table 5 is started, a sliding block of the power sliding table 5 drives the workpiece clamping device and the workpiece to be conveyed into the vacuumizing device 3, the vacuumizing device 3 and the feeding and discharging device 2 form a closed welding operation cavity 3-1, the workpiece reaches the welding position at the moment, the position of the feeding and discharging device 2 is fixed, the vacuumizing device 3 vacuumizes the welding operation cavity 3-1 into a vacuum environment, and the position of the workpiece on the feeding and discharging device 2 is fixed in the vacuumizing process.

The loading and unloading device 2 comprises a tank cover assembly 6, a screw rod lifting sliding table 7, a limiting sliding table 8, a supporting seat 9, a workpiece supporting seat 10, a positioning spring 11, a clamp 12 for clamping a workpiece and a workpiece adapting plate 13, wherein the tank cover assembly 6 is provided with a tank cover plate 6-1, the bottom of the tank cover assembly 6 is arranged on a sliding block of a power sliding table 5, a track of the screw rod lifting sliding table 7 is fixedly arranged on the tank cover plate 6-1, the upper surface of the supporting seat 9 is provided with at least one spring stop 9-1, the spring stop 9-1 is provided with a through hole 9-1-1, one side of the supporting seat 9 is arranged on the sliding block of the screw rod lifting sliding table 7 and moves up and down along with the sliding block, the track of the limiting sliding table 8 is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting seat 9, one side of the workpiece supporting seat 10 is provided with a collision block 10-1 for positioning the horizontal position of the workpiece supporting seat 10, the other side is provided with at least one spring guide post 10-2 for keeping the horizontal position of a workpiece supporting seat 10, the bottom of the workpiece supporting seat 10 is arranged on a slide block of a limiting sliding table 8, the spring guide post 10-2 is sleeved with a positioning spring 11, penetrates through a through hole 9-1-1 on a spring stop 9-1 and horizontally moves under the guiding of the through hole 9-1-1, the bottom of a clamp 12 is arranged on the upper surface of the workpiece supporting seat 10 and moves along with the workpiece supporting seat 10, a workpiece adapter plate 13 is used for positioning and clamping a workpiece to be welded, the workpiece adapter plate 13 is detachably arranged on a positioning element of the clamp 12, the vacuumizing device 3 comprises a tank body assembly 14, a limiting block 15, a sealing ring 16, a vacuum pump 17 and a pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve 18, one side of the tank body assembly 14 is provided with an open end face for matching with a tank cover plate 6-1, the open end face is provided with a groove for assembling a sealing ring, the tank body assembly 14 is provided with at least one lens mounting opening for assembling a laser protection lens and a vacuum-pumping opening, the limiting block 15 is adjustably mounted on the inner wall of the tank body assembly 14 and faces the open end face, the sealing ring 16 is assembled at the groove on the open end face on one side of the tank body assembly 14, and the vacuum pump 17 is in sealed communication with the vacuum-pumping opening of the tank body assembly 14 through a pipeline and a pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve 18.

The workpiece adapting plate 13 is provided with a profiling part for matching a workpiece to be welded, the workpiece adapting plate 13 can be flexibly replaced according to different workpieces, the workpiece to be welded is placed on the profiling part of the workpiece adapting plate 13, the workpiece is tightly attached to the profiling part, clamping is more reliable, the clamp 12 is started, the clamping part of the clamp 12 is started to clamp the workpiece on the workpiece adapting plate 13, clamping of the workpiece is completed, the lead screw lifting sliding table 7 can be manually operated or electrically operated, the lead screw lifting sliding table 7 is started, the slide block drives the supporting seat 9 and the workpiece clamped on the supporting seat to move up and down to be adjusted to a process setting position and then to be stopped, the lead screw lifting sliding table 7 has a self-locking function, and the position of the supporting seat 9 is fixed;

when the power sliding table 5 is started, a sliding block of the power sliding table 5 drives the feeding and discharging device 2 and the workpiece to move towards the vacuumizing device 3, when the tank cover plate 6-1 contacts a sealing ring 16 assembled on the open end face at one side of the tank body assembly 14, a welding operation cavity 3-1 isolated from the outside is formed inside the tank cover plate 6-1 and the tank body assembly 14, at the moment, a collision block 10-1 at one side of the workpiece supporting seat 10 is abutted against a limiting block 15 in the tank body assembly 14, the relative distance between the workpiece and the tank body assembly 14 is ensured to be fixed, meanwhile, a spring guide pillar 10-2 at the other side of the workpiece supporting seat 10 is inserted into a through hole 9-1-1 of a spring stop block 9-1, a spring 11 is compressed, a vacuum pump 17 is started, a pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve 18 is operated to be opened, and the vacuum pump 17 vacuumizes the inside of the welding operation cavity 3-1, the cover plate 6-1 is pressed on the open end face of the can body assembly 14 under the action of atmospheric pressure, in order to ensure the sealing performance, the sealing ring 16 is a flexible sealing ring, at the moment, the sealing ring 16 is compressed, because the collision block 10-1 is in hard contact with the limiting block 15, when the sealing ring 16 deforms, the other side of the workpiece supporting seat 10 can further compress the spring 11, the deformation of the spring 11 compensates the deformation of the sealing ring 16, and the position of the workpiece supporting seat 10 on the supporting seat 9 is fixed in the whole vacuum-pumping process of packaging, so that the position of a workpiece clamped on the clamp 12 is ensured to be unchanged.

When the collision block 10-1 on the workpiece supporting seat 10 is in hard contact with the limiting block 15, the side surface of the tank cover plate 6-1 contacts the sealing surface of the sealing ring 16, and the positioning spring 11 is in a compressed state.

The deformation of the spring 11 is ensured to compensate the deformation of the sealing ring 16 during the vacuum-pumping process, thereby ensuring that the tank cover plate 6-1 is pressed on the side open end surface of the tank assembly 14 during the vacuum-pumping process.

The laser welding mechanism comprises at least one set of laser welding device and a laser protection device, the laser welding device comprises a power cross sliding table 19 and a laser welding machine 4, a track of the power cross sliding table 19 is fixedly arranged on the welding platform component 1 through a frame, the laser protection device comprises a laser protection lens mounting plate 20, a laser protection lens 21 and an organ cover 22, wherein the laser protection lens mounting plate 20 is provided with a lens mounting position, the laser protection lens mounting plate 20 is fixedly mounted at a lens mounting port on the tank body assembly 14, the laser protection lens 21 is fixedly mounted at the lens mounting position of the laser protection lens mounting plate 20, one end of the organ cover 22 is connected to the lens mounting port of the tank body assembly 14, and the other end of the organ cover 22 is connected to a laser head shell of the laser welding machine 4; preferably, the number of the laser welding devices and the number of the laser protection devices are two, and the two sets of the laser welding devices and the two sets of the laser protection devices are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the top and one side of the welding operation cavity 3-1.

The power cross sliding table 19 is started, the sliding block drives the laser welding machine 4 mounted on the sliding block to complete transverse and longitudinal movement and position adjustment, the laser head of the laser welding machine 4 is aligned to the laser protection lens 21, the laser protection lens mounting plate 20 and the laser protection lens 21 are mounted, the welding operation cavity 3-1 is sealed, and the laser protection lens 21 ensures that laser energy emitted by the laser head of the laser welding machine 4 can be projected into the welding operation cavity 3-1 to weld workpieces in the welding process.

The side surface of the laser protection lens 21 is provided with at least one water inlet and at least one water outlet, a lens transmission part 21-1 for laser focusing transmission, a lens installation part 21-2 for installation and a water cooling channel 21-3 for cooling the lens transmission part 21-1 are arranged inside the laser protection lens 21, the lens transmission part 21-1 and the lens installation part 21-2 are combined into the laser protection lens 21, the lens transmission part 21-1 is positioned at one side of the center of the laser protection lens 21, a group of installation holes 21-4 are respectively arranged at the outer side of the lens installation part 21-2 and one side surrounding the lens transmission part 21-1, and two ends of the water cooling channel 21-3 are respectively communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet.

In the vacuum laser welding process, the water cooling channel 21-3 of the laser protection lens 21 is communicated with an external water cooling circulation device through a water inlet and a water outlet, and the lens transmission part 21-1 of the laser protection lens 21 is cooled and radiated, so that the service life of the laser protection lens 21 is greatly prolonged; and the lens transmission part 21-1 is in an eccentric structure relative to the lens mounting part 21-2 of the laser protection lens 21, when different workpieces need to be welded, the whole laser protection lens 21 is mounted by turning 180 degrees, so that the requirements of welding processes of different workpieces are met.

The workpiece feeding, discharging and vacuumizing mechanism is also provided with at least one set of tank cover pressing assembly, the tank cover pressing assembly comprises a rotary pressing cylinder 23 and a cylinder mounting seat 24, the cylinder mounting seat 24 is fixedly mounted at the top of the tank cover plate 6-1, the cylinder body of the rotary pressing cylinder 23 is mounted on the cylinder mounting seat 24, and when the tank cover plate 6-1 and the tank body assembly 14 are closed, the rotary pressing claw of the rotary pressing cylinder 23 presses the tank cover plate 6-1 and the tank body assembly 14.

When the tank cover plate 6-1 is tightly attached to the sealing ring 16 at the side surface open end face of the tank body assembly 14, the rotary pressing cylinder 23 is started, the rotary pressing head of the rotary pressing cylinder 23 rotates downwards for 90 degrees, the piston rod is recovered, the rotary pressing head presses the side surface open end face of the tank body assembly 14 and the tank cover plate 6-1, and then the vacuum pump 17 is started for vacuumizing, so that the vacuumizing time of the vacuum pump 17 can be greatly shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.

The workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism is further provided with a tank cover detection device, the tank cover detection device is composed of at least two sets of photoelectric switch assemblies 25, and the photoelectric switch assemblies 25 are adjustably installed on the welding platform assembly 1 through mounting plates and located on one side of the feeding and discharging device 2 and used for detecting the position of a tank cover plate 6-1.

When the photoelectric switch assembly 25 passes towards the detection tank cover plate 6-1, the detection tank cover plate 6-1 shields the photoelectric switch assembly 25, so that the position of the tank cover plate 6-1 is detected.

And a screw rod lifting sliding table 7 of the workpiece clamping device is a screw rod lifting sliding table with a self-locking mechanism.

The screw rod lifting sliding table 7 is provided with a self-locking mechanism, when a screw rod of the screw rod lifting sliding table 7 stops rotating, the position of a sliding block of the screw rod lifting sliding table is automatically locked due to the self-locking mechanism, and the position of a supporting seat 9 arranged on the screw rod lifting sliding table is guaranteed to be fixed.

The workpiece clamping device is also provided with a workpiece position locking assembly, the workpiece position locking assembly comprises at least one locking plate 26 and locking bolts 27, at least one row of locking holes used for inserting the locking bolts 27 in a matched mode are formed in the locking plate 26, the locking plate 26 is fixedly installed on the tank cover plate 6-1 and located on one side of the rail of the lead screw lifting sliding table 7, and when a workpiece reaches a set welding station, the locking bolts 27 are inserted into the locking holes of the locking plate 26 to complete mechanical positioning and locking of the workpiece clamping device.

When the screw of the screw lifting sliding table 7 stops rotating, the workpiece reaches the set welding station height, the locking bolt 27 is inserted into the locking hole of the locking plate 26 to complete mechanical positioning and locking of the workpiece clamping device, mechanical locking is added for the self-locking mechanism of the screw lifting sliding table 7, the position of the workpiece is unchanged in the welding process, and the whole welding is finished with high quality.

The implementation principle of the vacuum laser welding machine in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

after a workpiece is placed on the workpiece adapting plate 13 of the workpiece manually or by a robot, the clamp 12 starts to drive the chuck to clamp the workpiece, then the special screw is manually adjusted to lock the workpiece, the support seat 9 is manually adjusted by the screw rod lifting sliding table 7, the workpiece reaches a specified height position, and the locking bolt 27 is inserted into the locking hole of the locking plate 26 to complete mechanical positioning and locking of the workpiece clamping device.

The power sliding table 5 is started, the power of the power sliding table 5 can be an oil cylinder, an air cylinder or a speed reducing motor, a sliding block of the power sliding table 5 drives the feeding and discharging device 2 and the workpiece to move towards the open end face of the tank assembly 14 of the vacuumizing device 3, when the tank cover plate 6-1 contacts a sealing ring 16 assembled on the open end face on one side of the tank assembly 14, a welding operation cavity 3-1 isolated from the outside is formed inside the tank assembly 14 by the tank cover plate 6-1, at the moment, a collision block 10-1 on one side of the workpiece supporting seat 10 abuts against a limiting block 15 in the tank assembly 14, the relative distance between the workpiece and the tank assembly 14 is guaranteed to be fixed, and meanwhile, a spring guide pillar 10-2 on the other side of the workpiece supporting seat 10 is inserted into a through hole 9-1-1 of the spring stop block 9-1 and compresses the spring 11.

The vacuum pump 17 is started, the pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve 18 is operated to be opened, the vacuum pump 17 vacuumizes the welding operation cavity 3-1, the tank cover plate 6-1 is tightly pressed on the open end face of the tank body assembly 14 under the action of atmospheric pressure, the sealing ring 16 is a flexible sealing ring in order to ensure the sealing performance, the sealing ring 16 is compressed at the moment, the collision block 10-1 is in hard contact with the limiting block 15, when the sealing ring 16 deforms, the spring 11 is further compressed on the other side of the workpiece supporting seat 10, the deformation of the spring 11 compensates the deformation of the sealing ring 16, and the position of the workpiece supporting seat 10 on the supporting seat 9 is fixed in the whole vacuumizing process of packaging, so that the position of a workpiece clamped on the clamp 12 is ensured to be unchanged.

Two groups of laser welding devices and corresponding laser protection devices can be arranged, the two groups of laser welding devices are correspondingly used for welding the parts needing to be welded on the top surface and the side surface of the workpiece in the welding operation cavity 3-1, and the adjusting station and the welding operation principle are the same.

When the vacuum degree in the welding operation cavity 3-1 reaches a set process value, the power cross sliding table 19 is started, the sliding block drives the laser welding machine 4 mounted on the sliding block to finish horizontal and longitudinal movement and position adjustment, meanwhile, the laser head of the laser welding machine 4 can rotate under the driving of the servo motor on the laser welding machine 4 and can swing left and right for a certain angle to adapt to workpieces with different sizes and weld seam widths, the laser head of the laser welding machine 4 is aligned to the laser protection lens 21 after adjustment is finished, the welding operation cavity 3-1 is sealed after the laser protection lens mounting plate 20 and the laser protection lens 21 are mounted, and the laser protection lens 21 ensures that laser emitted by the laser head of the laser welding machine 4 can be projected into the welding operation cavity 3-1 to weld the workpieces in the welding process.

After the welding process is finished, the pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve 18 is automatically opened to supplement air into the welding operation cavity 3-1, when the air pressure in the to-be-welded operation cavity 3-1 is balanced with the outside, the rotary pressing air cylinder 23 is started again to reset, the power sliding table 5 is started, the tank cover plate 6-1 is separated from the tank body assembly 14, and when the photoelectric switch assembly 25 detects that the tank cover plate 6-1 is reset, the clamp 12 is loosened to take out the workpiece. When the workpieces are of the same variety, the welding of the top and the side of the workpiece can be automatically finished only by feeding and discharging the workpieces manually or by a robot, and the positions of the workpieces and the laser heads can be adjusted only when the variety is changed.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vacuum laser-beam welding machine which characterized in that: the device comprises a welding platform assembly (1), a workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism and a workpiece feeding and discharging laser welding mechanism, wherein the workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism comprises at least one feeding and discharging device (2) used for clamping a workpiece and at least one vacuumizing device (3) used for providing a vacuum environment for vacuum welding, the bottom of the feeding and discharging device (2) is installed on the welding platform assembly (1), the feeding and discharging device (2) is used for clamping and positioning the workpiece, the vacuumizing device (3) is provided with a foldable welding operation cavity (3-1), the top of the welding operation cavity (3-1) is provided with a laser protection device used for laser beam transmission, when the feeding and discharging device (2) enters the welding operation cavity (3-1) and reaches a workpiece welding position, the welding operation cavity (3-1) is sealed, and the vacuumizing device (3) vacuumizes the welding operation cavity (3-1), the laser welding mechanism comprises at least one laser welding machine (4), and laser beams emitted by a laser head of the laser welding machine (4) penetrate through a laser protection device at the top of the welding operation cavity (3-1) to complete laser welding of workpieces in a vacuum environment.

2. The vacuum laser welder of claim 1, characterized in that: the workpiece loading and unloading and vacuumizing mechanism comprises a loading and unloading device (2) and a vacuumizing device (3), wherein the loading and unloading device (2) comprises a power sliding table (5) and a workpiece clamping device, the track of the power sliding table (5) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of a welding platform assembly (1), the workpiece clamping device is arranged on a sliding block of the power sliding table (5) and moves along with the sliding block, the vacuumizing device (3) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the welding platform assembly (1), the vacuumizing device (3) and the loading and unloading device (2) form an airtight welding operation cavity (3-1), when the loading and unloading device (2) conveys a workpiece into the welding operation cavity (3-1) and reaches a welding station, the workpiece is fixed, and the vacuumizing device (3) pumps the welding operation cavity (3-1) into a vacuum environment, and in the vacuum pumping process, the position of the workpiece on the loading and unloading device (2) is fixed.

3. A vacuum laser welder according to claim 2, characterized in that: the feeding and discharging device (2) comprises a tank cover assembly (6), a lead screw lifting sliding table (7), a limiting sliding table (8), a supporting seat (9), a workpiece supporting seat (10), a positioning spring (11), a clamp (12) for clamping a workpiece and a workpiece adapting plate (13), wherein the tank cover assembly (6) is provided with a tank cover plate (6-1), the bottom of the tank cover assembly (6) is installed on a sliding block of the power sliding table (5), a track of the lead screw lifting sliding table (7) is fixedly installed on the tank cover plate (6-1), the upper surface of the supporting seat (9) is provided with at least one spring stop block (9-1), a through hole (9-1-1) is formed in the spring stop block (9-1), one side of the supporting seat (9) is installed on the sliding block of the lead screw lifting sliding table (7) and moves up and down along with the sliding block, the track of the limiting sliding table (8) is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting seat (9), one side of the workpiece supporting seat (10) is provided with a collision block (10-1) for positioning the horizontal position of the workpiece supporting seat (10), the other side of the workpiece supporting seat is provided with at least one spring guide pillar (10-2) for keeping the horizontal position of the workpiece supporting seat (10), the bottom of the workpiece supporting seat (10) is arranged on a sliding block of the limiting sliding table (8), the spring guide pillar (10-2) is sleeved with a positioning spring (11) and penetrates through a through hole (9-1-1) in the spring stop block (9-1) and horizontally moves under the guide of the through hole (9-1-1), the bottom of the clamp (12) is arranged on the upper surface of the workpiece supporting seat (10) and moves along with the workpiece supporting seat (10), and the workpiece adapter plate (13) is used for positioning and clamping a workpiece to be welded, the workpiece adapter plate (13) is detachably arranged on the positioning element of the clamp (12), the vacuum-pumping device (3) comprises a tank body assembly (14), a limiting block (15), a sealing ring (16), a vacuum pump (17) and a pneumatic high-vacuum ball valve (18), one side of the tank body assembly (14) is provided with an open end face used for matching with the tank cover plate (6-1), a groove for assembling a sealing ring is arranged on the end surface of the open end, at least one lens mounting port and a vacuum pumping port for assembling a laser protection lens are arranged on the tank body assembly (14), the limiting block (15) is adjustably arranged on the inner wall of the tank body assembly (14), and faces to the open end face, the sealing ring (16) is assembled at the groove on the open end face at one side of the tank body assembly (14), the vacuum pump (17) is in sealed communication with the vacuum-pumping port of the tank assembly (14) through a conduit and a pneumatic high vacuum ball valve (18).

4. A vacuum laser welder according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the collision block (10-1) on the workpiece supporting seat (10) is in hard contact with the limiting block (15), the side face of the tank cover plate (6-1) is in contact with the sealing surface of the sealing ring (16), and the positioning spring (11) is in a compressed state.

5. A vacuum laser welder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the laser welding mechanism comprises at least one set of laser welding device and a laser protection device, the laser welding device comprises a power cross sliding table (19) and a laser welding machine (4), the track of the power cross sliding table (19) is fixedly installed on a welding platform component (1) through a rack and is positioned on one side of a workpiece loading and unloading and a vacuumizing mechanism, the base of the laser welding machine (4) is installed on the slider of the power cross sliding table (19), the laser protection device comprises a laser protection lens mounting plate (20), a laser protection lens (21) and an organ cover (22), the laser protection lens mounting plate (20) is provided with a lens mounting position, the laser protection lens mounting plate (20) is fixedly installed at the lens mounting position of the tank body assembly (14), the laser protection lens (21) is fixedly installed at the lens mounting position of the laser protection lens mounting plate (20), one end of the organ cover (22) is connected to a lens mounting port of the tank body assembly (14), and the other end of the organ cover is connected to a laser head shell of the laser welding machine (4); preferably, the number of the laser welding devices and the number of the laser protection devices are two, and the two sets of the laser welding devices and the two sets of the laser protection devices are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the top and one side of the welding operation cavity (3-1).

6. The vacuum laser welder of claim 5, characterized in that: the side of laser protection lens (21) is equipped with at least one water inlet and delivery port, and inside is equipped with lens transmission portion (21-1) that is used for the laser focus transmission, lens installation department (21-2) that is used for the installation and is used for water-cooling channel (21-3) to lens transmission portion (21-1) cooling, lens transmission portion (21-1) and lens installation department (21-2) make up into laser protection lens (21), and lens transmission portion (21-1) is located one side at laser protection lens (21) center, the outside of lens installation department (21-2) and one side of encircleing lens transmission portion (21-1) are equipped with a set of mounting hole (21-4) respectively, the both ends of water-cooling channel (21-3) communicate with water inlet and delivery port respectively.

7. A vacuum laser welder according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the workpiece feeding, discharging and vacuumizing mechanism is further provided with at least one set of tank cover pressing assembly, the tank cover pressing assembly comprises a rotary pressing cylinder (23) and a cylinder mounting seat (24), the cylinder mounting seat (24) is fixedly mounted at the top of the tank cover plate (6-1), the cylinder body of the rotary pressing cylinder (23) is mounted on the cylinder mounting seat (24), and when the tank cover plate (6-1) and the tank body assembly (14) are closed, the rotary pressing claw of the rotary pressing cylinder (23) presses the tank cover plate (6-1) and the tank body assembly (14) tightly.

8. A vacuum laser welder according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the workpiece feeding and discharging and vacuumizing mechanism is further provided with a tank cover detection device, the tank cover detection device is composed of at least two sets of photoelectric switch assemblies (25), and the photoelectric switch assemblies (25) are installed on the welding platform assembly (1) in an adjustable mode through mounting plates and located on one side of the feeding and discharging device (2) and used for detecting the position of a tank cover plate (6-1).

9. A vacuum laser welder according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a screw rod lifting sliding table (7) of the workpiece clamping device is a screw rod lifting sliding table with a self-locking mechanism.

10. A vacuum laser welder according to claim 3, characterized in that: the work piece clamping device still has work piece position locking subassembly, work piece position locking subassembly includes at least one lockplate (26) and locking bolt (27), be equipped with at least one row of locking hole that is used for the matching to insert locking bolt (27) on lockplate (26), lockplate (26) fixed mounting is on jar apron (6-1) to be located lead screw lift slip table (7) orbital one side, when the work piece reachs and sets for the welding station height, insert locking bolt (27) and accomplish the mechanical type location locking to work piece clamping device in the locking hole of lockplate (26).