CN117120669A - 表面处理钢板 - Google Patents
表面处理钢板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117120669A CN117120669A CN202280024243.1A CN202280024243A CN117120669A CN 117120669 A CN117120669 A CN 117120669A CN 202280024243 A CN202280024243 A CN 202280024243A CN 117120669 A CN117120669 A CN 117120669A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chemical conversion
- conversion treatment
- concentration
- layer
- steel sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 43
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241001163841 Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae Species 0.000 description 10
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 3
- FSJSYDFBTIVUFD-SUKNRPLKSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;oxovanadium Chemical compound [V]=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O FSJSYDFBTIVUFD-SUKNRPLKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadyl sulfate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940041260 vanadyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000352 vanadyl sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFWFDRBPQDXFRC-LNTINUHCSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;vanadium Chemical compound [V].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O MFWFDRBPQDXFRC-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KVLZAMQCOBBPAW-UHFFFAOYSA-J N.[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].F.F.[Zr+4] Chemical compound N.[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].F.F.[Zr+4] KVLZAMQCOBBPAW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- BKXZLZVGNZNKGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=O)(=O)[V] Chemical compound P(=O)(=O)[V] BKXZLZVGNZNKGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021551 Vanadium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021542 Vanadium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QUEDYRXQWSDKKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M [O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[OH-] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[OH-] QUEDYRXQWSDKKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- ZHXZNKNQUHUIGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;vanadium Chemical compound [V].ClOCl ZHXZNKNQUHUIGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH3] CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- ALTWGIIQPLQAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N metavanadate Chemical compound [O-][V](=O)=O ALTWGIIQPLQAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metavanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][V](=O)=O CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium dioxide Chemical compound O=[V]=O GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[V+3] HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
- C23C22/361—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing titanium, zirconium or hafnium compounds
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Abstract
该表面处理钢板具有:钢板;形成于上述钢板表面的锌系镀层;以及形成于上述锌系镀层表面的化学转化处理层,上述化学转化处理层包含Si、C、O及P,上述化学转化处理层中的C浓度为20.0质量%以上、O浓度为15.0质量%以上、Si浓度为10.0质量%以上、P浓度为0.10质量%以上,在将上述化学转化处理层的厚度设定为t的情况下,将以上述化学转化处理层的表面作为起点、以距离上述化学转化处理层的上述表面在厚度方向上为t/10的位置作为终点的范围设定为表层区域,将以距离上述化学转化处理层的上述表面在厚度方向上为9t/10的位置作为起点、以上述化学转化处理层与上述锌系镀层的界面作为终点的范围设定为界面侧区域,将被上述表层区域和上述界面侧区域夹持的区域设定为中间区域时,上述表层区域的P浓度的最大值相对于上述中间区域的平均P浓度为1.5倍~5.0倍。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及表面处理钢板。
本申请基于2021年03月29日在日本申请的日本特愿2021-055665号主张优先权,并将其内容援引于此。
背景技术
以往以来,在钢板的表面形成有以锌作为主体的镀层(锌系镀层)的镀覆钢板(锌系镀覆钢板)被用于汽车、建材、家电产品等广泛的用途中。通过形成锌系镀层,从而对钢板赋予优异的耐蚀性。
另外,锌系镀覆钢板由于镀层具有特有的外观,而且通过镀层的氧化使得从银白色的外观变化为发涩的灰褐色,因此近年来也被用作外观设计材料。其中,在镀层中包含Sb的镀锌钢板显著地产生由锌的结晶引起的像开花一样的晶体花纹(锌花花纹),因此被用作外观设计性更高的材料。
然而,锌系镀覆钢板由于腐蚀而产生锌的氧化物即白锈,具有该白锈损害外观的问题。
作为抑制这样的白锈的产生的技术,以往以来,一般会实施如专利文献1~4中所示那样的在锌系镀层上实施以树脂作为主体的化学转化处理。
然而,在如专利文献1~4中所公开的那样的包含树脂的化学转化处理中,由于使用有机树脂成分,因此加工时的耐黑渣性不充分。加工时的耐黑渣性是指对下述事项的耐受性:在对金属实施压制加工等加工时,金属材料表面通过压制模具等而受到强的滑动,由包覆在金属材料表面的被膜产生黑的渣性物质并发生粘固、堆积,从而损害外观。黑的渣性物质有时会因化学转化处理的有机树脂成分而产生。
作为能够抑制这样的黑渣的产生的化学转化处理,已知有如专利文献5中所示那样的以具有环状硅氧烷键的有机硅化合物作为主体的化学转化处理。在专利文献5中记载了:以具有环状硅氧烷键的有机硅化合物作为主体的化学转化处理由于有机树脂含量非常少,因此即使在严苛的加工中,也能够抑制黑渣的产生,而且具有高的耐指纹性、耐白锈性。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2020-7606号公报
专利文献2:国际公开第2014/084371号
专利文献3:国际公开第2018/083784号
专利文献4:国际公开第2016/162422号
专利文献5:国际公开第2012/147860号
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
然而,如专利文献5中所示那样的以具有环状硅氧烷键的有机硅化合物作为主体的化学转化处理是设想现有的锌系镀覆的用途、即除外观设计用途以外的用途来进行开发的。另一方面,如上所述,近年来锌系镀覆钢板被用作外观设计材料。在外观设计用途中,与现有的用途相比要求高度的耐指纹性,但在如专利文献5中所示那样的以具有环状硅氧烷键的有机硅化合物作为主体的化学转化处理中,存在无法应对外观设计用途中的充分要求的情况。
鉴于上述这样的背景,本发明以具备锌系镀层和形成于锌系镀层表面的化学转化处理层的表面处理钢板作为前提,课题是提供具有充分的耐蚀性(耐白锈性)、并且与以往相比更为高度的(对于外观设计用途也具有充分的性能)耐指纹性优异的表面处理钢板作。
用于解决问题的手段
本发明人等对在具备锌系镀层和化学转化处理层的表面处理钢板中提高耐指纹性的方法进行了研究。然而,从耐黑渣性的观点考虑,对于化学转化处理层,以不具有有机树脂作为前提进行了研究。
其结果是,得到了以下的认知。
(a)通过在化学转化处理层的表层部使P偏析而调整表面自由能,从而能够形成指纹不易附着的表面。
(b)进而,通过在化学转化处理层的与镀层的界面附近使F偏析,从而不仅能够提高耐指纹性,还能够提高耐蚀性(耐白锈性)。
(c)进而,通过在化学转化处理层的与镀层的界面附近存在Sb,还能够提高耐黑变性。
本发明是基于上述的认知而完成的。本发明的主旨如下所述。
[1]本发明的一个方案的表面处理钢板具备:钢板;形成于上述钢板表面的锌系镀层;以及形成于上述锌系镀层表面的化学转化处理层,上述化学转化处理层包含Si、C、O及P,上述化学转化处理层中的C浓度为20.0质量%以上、O浓度为15.0质量%以上、Si浓度为10.0质量%以上、P浓度为0.10质量%以上,在将上述化学转化处理层的厚度设定为t的情况下,将以上述化学转化处理层的表面作为起点、以距离上述化学转化处理层的上述表面在厚度方向上为t/10的位置作为终点的范围设定为表层区域,将以距离上述化学转化处理层的上述表面在厚度方向上为9t/10的位置作为起点、以上述化学转化处理层与上述锌系镀层的界面作为终点的范围设定为界面侧区域,将被上述表层区域和上述界面侧区域夹持的区域设定为中间区域时,上述表层区域的P浓度的最大值相对于上述中间区域的平均P浓度为1.5倍~5.0倍。
[2]根据[1]所述的表面处理钢板,其也可以在上述界面侧区域存在Al,上述界面侧区域的F含量为上述化学转化处理层整体的F含量的20%以上。
[3]根据[1]或[2]所述的表面处理钢板,其也可以在上述界面侧区域存在Sb。
[4]根据[1]~[3]中任一项所述的表面处理钢板,其中,上述锌系镀层的表面也可以为常规锌花精加工。
发明效果
根据本发明的上述方案,能够提供耐指纹性优异的表面处理钢板。
另外,根据本发明的优选方案,能够提供不仅耐指纹性优异、而且耐蚀性和/或耐黑变性也优异的表面处理钢板。
附图说明
图1是表示本实施方式的表面处理钢板的截面的一个例子的图。
图2是对本实施方式的表面处理钢板的化学转化处理层进行说明的图。
图3是表示使用EDS对本实施方式的表面处理钢板的化学转化处理层进行连续点分析而得到的结果的一个例子的图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的一个实施方式的表面处理钢板(本实施方式的表面处理钢板)进行说明。
如图1中所示那样,本实施方式的表面处理钢板1具备:钢板11、形成于钢板11的表面的锌系镀层12、以及形成于锌系镀层12的表面的化学转化处理层13。
另外,该化学转化处理层13包含Si、C、O及P,C浓度为20.0质量%以上、O浓度为15.0质量%以上、Si浓度为10.0质量%以上、P浓度为0.10质量%以上。另外,如图2中所示那样,在将化学转化处理层13的厚度设定为t的情况下,将以化学转化处理层13的表面作为起点、以距离化学转化处理层13的表面在厚度方向上为t/10的位置作为终点的范围设定为表层区域101,将以距离化学转化处理层13的表面在厚度方向上为9t/10的位置作为起点、以化学转化处理层13与锌系镀层12的界面(距离表面在厚度方向上为t的位置)作为终点的范围设定为界面侧区域102,将被表层区域101和界面侧区域102夹持的区域设定为中间区域103时,表层区域101的P浓度的最大值相对于中间区域103的平均P浓度为1.5~5.0倍。
在图1中,锌系镀层12及化学转化处理层13(表层区域101+中间区域103+界面侧区域102)形成于钢板11的单面,但也可以形成于两面。
<钢板(母材钢板)>
本实施方式的表面处理钢板1在锌系镀层12及化学转化处理层13中具有特征。因此,对于钢板11,没有特别限定。钢板11根据所应用的产品、所要求的强度、板厚等来决定即可,例如可以使用JIS G3193:2019中记载的热轧钢板、JIS G3141:2017中记载的冷轧钢板。
<锌系镀层>
本实施方式的表面处理钢板1所具备的锌系镀层12是形成于钢板11的表面上、且含有锌的锌系镀层。
[化学组成]
锌系镀层12只要是以锌作为主体的镀层即可,对化学组成没有限定。
但是,通过化学组成为下述组成,从而具有更显著的耐蚀性提高的效果,因此是优选的,所述化学组成为:Al:4.0%以上且小于25.0%、Mg:0%以上且小于12.5%、Sn:0%~20%、Bi:0%以上且小于5.0%、In:0%以上且小于2.0%、Ca:0%~3.0%、Y:0%~0.5%、La:0%以上且小于0.5%、Ce:0%以上且小于0.5%、Si:0%以上且小于2.5%、Cr:0%以上且小于0.25%、Ti:0%以上且小于0.25%、Ni:0%以上且小于0.25%、Co:0%以上且小于0.25%、V:0%以上且小于0.25%、Nb:0%以上且小于0.25%、Cu:0%以上且小于0.25%、Mn:0%以上且小于0.25%、Fe:0%~5.0%、Sb:0%以上且小于0.5%、Sr:0%以上且小于0.5%、Pb:0%以上且小于0.5%、B:0%以上且小于0.5%,以及剩余部分包含Zn及杂质。
对锌系镀层(以下,有时简称为镀层)12的优选化学组成的理由进行说明。以下,以夹着“~”表示的数值范围包含其两端的数值作为下限值、上限值作为基础。即,例如,0%~20%表示0%以上且为20%以下。
另外,只要没有特别说明,则与锌系镀层的化学组成相关的“%”为“质量%”。
[Al:4.0%以上且小于25.0%]
Al是在锌系镀层中为了提高耐蚀性而言有效的元素。另外,在化学转化处理层中含有Al的情况下,优选镀层包含Al。在想充分得到上述效果的情况下,优选将Al浓度设定为4.0%以上。
另一方面,Al浓度为25.0%以上时,锌系镀层的切断端面的耐蚀性降低。因此,优选Al浓度小于25.0%。
锌系镀层12可以包含Al,且剩余部分包含Zn及杂质。然而,还可以包含以下的元素。
[Mg:0%以上且小于12.5%]
Mg是具有提高镀层的耐蚀性的效果的元素。在想充分得到上述效果的情况下,优选将Mg浓度设定为超过1.0%。
另一方面,Mg浓度为12.5%以上时,存在耐蚀性提高的效果饱和、而且镀层的加工性降低的情况。另外,产生镀浴的浮渣产生量增大等制造上的问题。因此,优选将Mg浓度设定为小于12.5%。
[Sn:0%~20.0%]
[Bi:0%以上且小于5.0%]
[In:0%以上且小于2.0%]
上述这些元素是有助于耐蚀性、牺牲防腐蚀性(替化防腐蚀性)的提高的元素。因此,可以含有任1种以上。在想得到上述效果的情况下,优选分别将浓度设定为0.05%以上或0.1%以上。
这些当中,由于Sn是低熔点金属,能够容易地含有而不损害镀浴的性状,因此是优选的。
另一方面,Sn浓度超过20.0%、Bi浓度为5.0%以上或In浓度为2.0%以上时,耐蚀性降低。因此,优选分别将Sn浓度设定为20.0%以下,将Bi浓度设定为小于5.0%,将In浓度设定为小于2.0%。
[Ca:0%~3.0%]
Ca是减少操作时容易形成的浮渣的形成量、有助于镀覆制造性提高的元素。因此,可以含有Ca。在想得到该效果的情况下,优选将Ca浓度设定为0.1%以上。
另一方面,Ca浓度高时,存在镀层的平面部的耐蚀性本身劣化的倾向,有时焊接部周围的耐蚀性也会劣化。因此,Ca浓度优选为3.0%以下。
[Y:0%~0.5%]
[La:0%以上且小于0.5%]
[Ce:0%以上且小于0.5%]
Y、La、Ce是有助于耐蚀性提高的元素。在想得到该效果的情况下,优选分别含有0.05%以上或0.1%以上的这些元素中的1种以上。
另一方面,上述这些元素的浓度过量时,镀浴的粘性上升,镀浴的建浴本身大多变得困难,存在无法制造镀覆性状良好的钢材的担忧。因此,优选将Y浓度设定为0.5%以下,将La浓度设定为小于0.5%,将Ce浓度设定为小于0.5%。
[Si:0%以上且小于2.5%]
Si是有助于耐蚀性提高的元素。另外,Si也是下述元素:在钢板上形成镀层时,抑制形成于钢板表面与镀层之间的合金层过厚地形成,具有提高钢板与镀层的密合性的效果。在想得到这些效果的情况下,优选将Si浓度设定为0.1%以上。更优选为0.2%以上。
另一方面,Si浓度达到2.5%以上时,在镀层中过量的Si析出,不仅耐蚀性降低,而且镀层的加工性也降低。因此,优选将Si浓度设定为小于2.5%。Si浓度更优选为1.5%以下。
[Cr:0%以上且小于0.25%]
[Ti:0%以上且小于0.25%]
[Ni:0%以上且小于0.25%]
[Co:0%以上且小于0.25%]
[V:0%以上且小于0.25%]
[Nb:0%以上且小于0.25%]
[Cu:0%以上且小于0.25%]
[Mn:0%以上且小于0.25%]
上述这些元素是有助于耐蚀性提高的元素。在想得到该效果的情况下,优选将这些元素中的1种以上的浓度设定为0.05%以上。
另一方面,这些元素的浓度过量时,镀浴的粘性上升,镀浴的建浴本身大多变得困难,存在无法制造镀覆性状良好的钢材的担忧。因此,优选将各元素的浓度分别设定为小于0.25%。
[Fe:0%~5.0%]
Fe在制造镀层时、作为杂质而混入至镀层中。有时会被含有至5.0%左右,但如果为该范围,则对本实施方式的表面处理钢板的效果的不良影响小。因此,优选将Fe浓度设定为5.0%以下。
[B:0%以上且小于0.5%]
B是如果在镀层中被含有、则与Zn、Al、Mg等化合而形成各种金属间化合物的元素。该金属间化合物具有改善LME的效果。在想得到该效果的情况下,优选将B浓度设定为0.05%以上。
另一方面,如果B浓度过量,则镀覆的熔点显著上升,存在镀覆操作性恶化从而无法得到镀覆性状良好的表面处理钢板的担忧。因此,优选将B浓度设定为小于0.5%。
[Sb:0%以上且小于0.5%]
如果在镀层中含有Sb,则镀层的外观变化,形成锌花,可确认到金属光泽的提高。在想得到该效果的情况下,优选将Sb浓度设定为0.03%以上。
另一方面,如果Sb浓度过量,则镀浴的粘性上升,镀浴的建浴本身大多变得困难,存在无法制造镀覆性状良好的钢材的担忧。因此,优选将Sb浓度分别设定为小于0.5%。
[Sr:0%以上且小于0.5%]
[Pb:0%以上且小于0.5%]
Sr、Pb与Sb同为有助于锌花的形成的元素。在想得到该效果的情况下,优选将Sr、Pb中的1种以上的浓度设定为0.05%以上。
另一方面,这些元素的浓度过量时,镀浴的粘性上升,镀浴的建浴本身大多变得困难,存在无法制造镀覆性状良好的钢材的担忧。因此,优选将各元素的浓度分别设定为小于0.5%。
锌系镀层12的厚度没有限定,但为了提高耐蚀性,优选每单面为10g/m2以上。另一方面,即使厚度超过200g/m2,耐蚀性也饱和,而且经济上变得不利。因此,厚度优选为200g/m2以下。
[锌花]
从外观设计性的观点考虑,本实施方式的表面处理钢板1优选在锌系镀层12的表面形成有锌花花纹。
作为锌花花纹,一般而言,存在常规锌花和小锌花,但从外观设计性的观点考虑,更优选为常规锌花。即,本实施方式的表面处理钢板1优选锌系镀层12的表面为常规锌花精加工。
<化学转化处理层>
本实施方式的表面处理钢板1所具备的化学转化处理层13包含Si、C、O及P,C浓度为20.0质量%以上、O浓度为15.0质量%以上、Si浓度为10.0质量%以上。即,化学转化处理层13通过以无机系成分作为主成分,从而耐黑渣性优异。C浓度、O浓度、Si浓度的上限没有规定,但C浓度超过40.0质量%时,有可能主要来讲主成分会成为有机系成分。因此,C浓度优选为40.0质量%以下。另外,从化学转化处理层13的粉化性的观点考虑,优选O浓度为40.0质量%以下、Si浓度为25.0质量%以下。
本实施方式的表面处理钢板所具备的化学转化处理层13通过下述方式来得到:以规定的条件将含有硅烷偶联剂等有机硅化合物、磷酸盐等P化合物的处理液涂布于包含锌的镀层上并使其干燥。因此,本实施方式的表面处理钢板所具备的化学转化处理层13包含Si、C、O及P。
在不含0.10质量%以上P的情况下,无法得到一般要求的耐蚀性。因此,P浓度设定为0.10质量%以上。另一方面,P浓度过量时,变得容易产生粉化,是不优选的。另外,处理液的P浓度高时,可溶成分多,存在耐蚀性降低的倾向。因此,化学转化处理层的P浓度优选为5.0质量%以下。
本实施方式的表面处理钢板所具备的化学转化处理层13也可以通过在处理液中含有F化合物(氟化合物)、Zr化合物(锆化合物)和/或V化合物(钒化合物)而进一步包含来自这些化合物的F、Zr和/或V。另外,化学转化处理层13也可以包含从锌系镀层中溶出的Al、Zn、Sb等。
在化学转化处理层13中,来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自磷化合物(W)的P的固体成分质量比〔(Ws)/(Vs)〕优选为0.15~0.31。固体成分质量比〔(Ws)/(Vs)〕小于0.15时,无法得到磷化合物(W)的作为溶出性抑制剂的效果,因此是不优选的。
另一方面,如果固体成分质量比〔(Ws)/(Vs)〕超过0.31,则化学转化处理层的水溶化变得显著,因此是不优选的。固体成分质量比〔(Ws)/(Vs)〕更优选为0.16~0.28,进一步优选为0.18~0.25。
另外,在本实施方式的表面处理钢板1所具备的化学转化处理层13中,在将化学转化处理层的厚度设定为t的情况下,将以化学转化处理层13的表面作为起点、以距离化学转化处理层13的表面在厚度方向上为t/10的位置作为终点的范围设定为表层区域101,将以距离化学转化处理层13的表面在厚度方向上为9t/10的位置作为起点、以化学转化处理层13与锌系镀层12的界面作为终点的范围设定为界面侧区域102,将被上述表层区域和上述界面侧区域夹持的区域设定为中间区域103时,表层区域101的P浓度的最大值相对于中间区域103的平均P浓度为1.5倍~5.0倍。
通过使P在化学转化处理层13的表层区域偏析,调整表面自由能,从而能够形成指纹不易附着的表面。(耐指纹性提高。)
表层区域101中的P浓度的最大值相对于中间区域103的平均P浓度小于1.5倍时,耐指纹性变得不充分。优选表层区域101中的P浓度的最大值相对于中间区域103的平均P浓度为2.0倍以上。在该情况下,能够进一步提高耐指纹性。
另一方面,超过5.0倍时,在表面形成脆性的磷化合物,在压制加工时产生粉化,作为包含锌系镀层的钢板是不优选的。
此外,在本实施方式的表面处理钢板1所具备的化学转化处理层13中,在界面侧区域102存在Al,界面侧区域102的F含量(浓度)优选为化学转化处理层13整体的F含量(浓度)的20%以上。
在化学转化处理层13的界面侧区域102存在Al,F在上述的范围内浓集表示Al与F发生了复合氯化。该复合盐为难溶性,不易使来自外部的腐蚀因子透过。因此,在形成有这样的复合盐的情况下,表面处理钢板的平板耐蚀性提高,抑制白锈的产生。
当在界面侧区域102不存在Al、或者界面侧区域102的F含量相对于化学转化处理层13整体的F含量小于20%的情况下,无法充分地得到上述的效果。虽然上限没有限定,但即使提高一定量以上的界面区域102的F含量,如果F相对于Al变得过量,则未与Al复合氯化的F增加,效果饱和,并且经济性差。因此,例如也可以设定为60%以下。
另外,在本实施方式的表面处理钢板1所具备的化学转化处理层13中,优选在界面侧区域102存在Sb(包含Sb)。在该情况下,能够抑制表面处理钢板的黑变(耐黑变性提高)。该机理尚未明确,但可能与Co等的闪速处理有助于防止表面处理钢板的黑变相同。
另外,在本实施方式的表面处理钢板中,关于化学转化处理层是否包含Si、C、O、P、F等各元素、表层区域的P浓度的最大值相对于中间区域的平均P浓度的比例、表层区域中的F含量相对于化学转化处理层整体的F含量的比例、以及界面侧区域的Al、Sb的存在的有无,通过EDS的线性分析来求出。
具体而言,通过冷冻FIB(聚焦离子束;Focused Ion Beam)法,从形成有化学转化处理层的锌系镀覆钢板中切取出试验片,对所切取出的试验片的截面结构通过透射电子显微镜(TEM:Transmission Electoron Microscope)以使化学转化处理层整体进入观察视场中的倍率进行观察。为了对各层的构成元素进行鉴定,使用TEM-EDS(能量色散X射线光谱仪;Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy),沿着厚度方向进行线性分析,在各场所进行化学组成的定量分析。线性分析的方法没有特别限定,但可以是数nm间隔的连续点分析,也可以测定任意区域内的元素分布图(map),通过面方向的平均对元素的厚度分布进行测定。
化学转化处理层中的C浓度、O浓度、Si浓度、P浓度设定为对化学转化处理层整体的线性分析结果进行平均而得到的值。
另外,关于表层区域的P浓度的最大值,采用在对表层区域沿厚度方向进行线性分析而得到的浓度中的最大值。
界面侧区域的F含量、化学转化处理层整体的F含量分别成为“成为对象的区域(层)的平均F浓度”ד区域(层)的体积”。(界面侧区域的体积成为化学转化处理层整体的1/10。)
另外,在界面侧区域中,沿厚度方向进行线性分析,如果平均Al浓度为0.10质量%以上,则判断为存在Al,如果Sb浓度的最大值为0.01质量%以上,则判断为存在Sb。
分析中使用的装置没有特别限定,例如使用TEM(日本电子制的电解发射型透射电子显微镜:JEM-2100F)、EDS(日本电子制的JED-2300T)即可。
本实施方式的表面处理钢板1所具备的化学转化处理层13的厚度优选为10~2000nm。厚度小于10nm时,无法包覆钢材的表面,有时无法得到充分的耐蚀性,因此是不优选的。另一方面,厚度大于2000nm时,加工时的耐黑渣性降低,因此是不优选的。厚度更优选为200~800nm。
化学转化处理层的厚度可以通过使用TEM进行截面观察来测定。
通过TEM截面观察对镀层与化学转化处理层的界面进行判断,将从该界面至化学转化处理层的表面为止作为化学转化处理层的厚度。
<制造方法>
接下来,对本实施方式的表面处理钢板的优选制造方法进行说明。
本实施方式的表面处理钢板无论制造方法如何,只要具有上述的特征,则能够得到其效果,但如果是以下所示的制造方法,则能够稳定地进行制造,因此是优选的。
即,本实施方式的表面处理钢板可以通过包括以下的工序的制造方法来制造。
(I)镀覆工序,其将钢材(钢板)浸渍于包含Zn的镀浴中,在表面形成锌系镀层;
(II)在具有锌系镀层的钢材上涂布表面处理金属剂(处理液)的工序;
(III)加热工序,其对涂布有表面处理金属剂的钢板进行加热,形成包含Si、C、O、P的化学转化处理层;以及
(IV)冷却工序,其将加热工序后的钢板进行冷却。
以下,对各工序的优选条件进行说明。
[镀覆工序]
对于镀覆工序,没有特别限定。只要通过通常的热浸镀锌方法来进行以得到充分的镀覆密合性即可。
另外,对于供于镀覆工序的钢材的制造方法也没有限定。
例如,可以是JIS G3302:2019中规定的镀锌钢板的制造方法,也可以是JISG3323:2019中规定的镀覆钢板的制造方法。
镀浴的组成与镀层的组成几乎等同,因此只要根据想要得到的锌系镀层的组成来调整镀浴的组成即可。在将镀层的表面设定为常规锌花精加工的情况下,优选在镀浴中含有0.03~0.15质量%的Sb。
[涂布工序]
在涂布工序中,使用辊涂机等在镀覆工序后的钢板(具备锌系镀层的钢板)上涂布表面处理金属剂(处理液)。
表面处理金属剂包含作为含有Si、C及O的化合物的有机硅化合物(V)作为造膜成分。有机硅化合物没有特别限定,例如为将在分子中含有1个氨基的硅烷偶联剂(A)、和在分子中含有1个缩水甘油基的硅烷偶联剂(B)以固体成分质量比[(A)/(B)]计以0.5~1.7的比例进行配合而得到的化合物。
作为硅烷偶联剂(A)与硅烷偶联剂(B)的配合比率,优选以固体成分量比[(A)/(B)]计为0.5~1.7。固体成分量比[(A)/(B)]小于0.5时,存在浴稳定性、耐黑渣性显著降低的情况,因此是不优选的。另一方面,固体成分量比[(A)/(B)]超过1.7时,存在耐水性显著降低的情况,因此是不优选的。
表面处理金属剂包含P化合物(磷化合物)(W)作为抑制剂成分。作为磷化合物(W),没有特别限定,可例示出磷酸、磷酸铵盐、磷酸钾盐、磷酸钠盐等。
关于磷化合物(W)的配合量,优选来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自磷化合物(W)的P的固体成分质量比〔(Ws)/(Vs)〕为0.15~0.31。来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自磷化合物(W)的P的固体成分质量比〔(Ws)/(Vs)〕小于0.15时,由于抑制剂成分的不足而变得无法得到良好的耐蚀性,因此是不优选的。另一方面,固体成分质量比〔(Ws)/(Vs)〕超过0.31时,被膜(化学转化处理层)的水溶化变得显著,无法得到良好得到耐蚀性,因此是不优选的。
表面处理金属剂的固体成分量设定为3.0~15.0质量%。在表面处理金属剂的固体成分量小于3.0质量%的情况下,耐蚀性降低。其理由尚未明确,但据推断是因为:在化学转化处理层(被膜)中残存水,使被膜的阻挡性降低。另一方面,在表面处理金属剂的固体成分量超过15.0质量%的情况下,在表层区域难以使P在表面偏析。其理由尚未明确,但据推断是因为:由于表面处理金属剂中所含的包含Si、C及O的化合物,导致表面处理金属剂中的P的移动被抑制。
表面处理金属剂优选在将作为包含Si、C及O的化合物的有机硅化合物(V)与P化合物(磷化合物)(W)混合后(制作表面处理金属剂之后)于72h以内使用。在超过72h的情况下,使P在表层区域偏析的效果变小。其理由尚未明确,但据推断是因为:由于表面处理金属剂中所含的有机硅化合物(V)与P化合物(磷化合物)(W)发生反应,导致表面处理金属剂中的P的移动被抑制。
在按照使化学转化处理层的界面侧区域形成Al与F的复合盐的方式进行控制的情况下,优选在锌系镀层中含有Al,并且在表面处理金属剂中含有氟化合物(X)。通过含有氟化合物,镀覆表面的Al溶解,与此同时Al与F发生反应,在化学转化处理层的界面侧区域形成难溶性的盐。
作为氟化合物,例如可例示出氟化氢。
关于氟化合物(X)的配合量,优选将来自表面处理金属剂中所含的氟化合物(X)的F浓度设定为0.03~4.50质量%。在小于0.03质量%的情况下,镀覆表面的Al的溶解量不足,不会形成通过Al与F发生反应而得到的难溶性的盐,难以得到提高耐蚀性的效果。在超过4.50质量%的情况下,镀覆表面的Al的溶解变得过量,外观恶化。
另外,关于氟化合物(X)的配合量,来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自氟化合物(X)的F的固体成分质量比〔(Xs)/(Vs)〕优选为0.01~0.30。来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自氟化合物(X)的F的固体成分质量比〔(Xs)/(Vs)〕小于0.01时,无法充分地得到耐蚀性提高效果。另一方面,固体成分质量比〔(Xs)/(Vs)〕超过0.30时,化学转化处理层的水溶化变得显著,因此是不优选的。
表面处理金属剂可以包含Zr化合物(Y)。作为Zr化合物(Y),没有特别限定,可例示出碳酸锆铵、六氟化锆氢酸、六氟化锆铵等。
关于Zr化合物(Y)的配合量,来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自Zr化合物(Y)的Zr的固体成分质量比〔(Ys)/(Vs)〕优选为0.06~0.15。来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自Zr化合物(Y)的Zr的固体成分质量比〔(Ys)/(Vs)〕小于0.06时,耐蚀性提高效果变得不充分。另一方面,固体成分质量比〔(Ys)/(Vs)〕超过0.15时,耐蚀性提高效果饱和。
表面处理金属剂可以包含V化合物(Z)。作为V化合物(Z),没有特别限定,可例示出五氧化钒V2O5、偏钒酸HVO3、偏钒酸铵、偏钒酸钠、三氯氧钒VOCl3、三氧化钒V2O3、二氧化钒VO2、硫酸氧钒VOSO4、乙酰丙酮氧钒VO(OC(=CH2)CH2COCH3))2、乙酰丙酮钒V(OC(=CH2)CH2COCH3))3、三氯化钒VCl3、磷钒钼酸等。另外,也可以使用通过具有选自羟基、羰基、羧基、伯~叔氨基、酰胺基、磷酸基及膦酸基中的至少1种官能团的有机化合物将5价的钒化合物还原成4价~2价而得到的V化合物。
关于V化合物(Z)的配合量,来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自V化合物(Z)的V的固体成分质量比〔(Zs)/(Vs)〕优选为0.05~0.17。来自有机硅化合物(V)的Si与来自V化合物(Z)的V的固体成分质量比〔(Zs)/(Vs)〕小于0.05时,无法充分地得到耐蚀性提高效果。另一方面,固体成分质量比〔(Zs)/(Vs)〕超过0.17时,浴稳定性降低,因此是不优选的。
在按照使化学转化处理层的界面侧区域存在Sb的方式进行控制的情况下,优选的是,在锌系镀层中含有Sb,并且在表面处理金属剂中含有氟化氢,将表面处理金属剂的pH设定为1~5。通过在表面处理金属剂中含有氟化氢,将表面处理金属剂的pH设定为1~5,从而锌系镀层中的Sb在表面处理金属剂中溶出,移动至化学转化处理层的界面侧区域。
在将pH设定为1~5的情况下,也可以在表面处理金属剂中包含pH调整剂。作为pH调整剂,没有特别限定,可以使用甲酸、乙酸及乳酸等有机酸类、铵盐、胺类等。
[加热工序/冷却工序]
在加热工序中,通过使用干燥炉等对涂布有表面处理金属剂的钢板进行加热并干燥,从而在表面形成化学转化处理层。
在加热工序中,通过以适当的升温速度对表面处理金属剂进行加热,从而能够使P在化学转化处理层的表层区域偏析。其原因尚未明确,但据推定是因为:在化学转化处理层形成过程中,包含Si、O、C的被膜与P的融合差,在化学转化处理层形成过程中,P移动至化学转化处理层的未形成部。
为了使P偏析,需要在常温下的涂布后,将达到表面处理金属剂干燥而形成化学转化处理层的温度即55℃为止的升温速度设定为10~150℃/秒钟。升温速度超过150℃/秒钟时,P的移动变得不充分,无法充分提高表层区域的P浓度的比例。另一方面,升温速度小于10℃/秒钟时,P的移动量变多,表层区域的P浓度变得过量。
在加热工序中,在表面处理金属剂含有氟化氢的情况下,通过控制从刚涂布表面处理金属剂后至形成化学转化处理层为止的时间,从而能够使F在化学转化处理层的与镀层的界面侧区域浓集,形成包含Al与F的复合盐的层。
刚涂布表面处理金属剂后至形成化学转化处理层为止的时间优选设定为1.0~10.0秒钟。在直至形成化学转化处理层为止的时间小于1.0秒钟的情况下,Al与F的复合氯化几乎不会产生,无法得到足以提高耐蚀性的F浓集层。另一方面,直至形成化学转化处理层为止的时间超过10.0秒钟时,利用氟化氢而进行的镀层表层的蚀刻变得过量,化学转化处理后的钢板的外观发生恶化。
实施例
将满足JIS G3141:2017的规定的板厚为0.8mm的冷轧钢板浸渍于具有表1所示的组成的镀浴中,得到了表8所示的厚度的镀覆钢板。在表1中,例如Zn-0.2%Al表示含有0.2质量%的Al、剩余部分包含Zn及杂质的组成。另外,关于a~g,应用热浸镀法,关于h,应用电镀法。
另外,准备了水系表面处理金属剂,其是将表2~表6所示的硅化合物(硅烷偶联剂)、磷化合物(P化合物)、氟化合物(F化合物)、锆化合物(Zr化合物)、钒化合物(V化合物)按照表7所示的比例进行混合而得到的。
通过辊涂机将表面处理金属剂涂布于镀覆钢板上,加热至55℃使其干燥,形成了化学转化处理层。此时,镀覆钢板、表面处理金属剂、涂布干燥条件的组合设定为如表10-1~表10-12所示那样。
由此,制造了表面处理钢板No.1~171。
对于所得到的表面处理钢板,按照以下的要领,对耐指纹性、耐粉化性、耐蚀性、外观、耐黑变性进行了评价。
<耐指纹性>
在平板试验片的表面涂布Vaseline(注册商标),放置10分钟后将Vaseline(注册商标)除去,使用分光测色計(SUGA试验机公司制SC-T45)对Vaseline(注册商标)涂布前/后的色差(ΔE)进行了测定。此时,评价基准如下所述。如果为◎+、◎或〇,则判断为耐指纹性优异。
◎+:ΔE≤0.5
◎:0.5<ΔE≤1
○:1<ΔE≤2
×:ΔE>2
<耐粉化性>
制作平板试验片,基于JIS Z 2248:2014进行密合弯曲,实施了该密合弯曲部的透明胶带剥离试验。然后,通过扫描型电子显微镜观察透明胶带剥离部,对化学转化处理被膜的残存状况进行了评价。如果为○,则判断为耐粉化性优异,如果为△,则判断为实际使用上没有问题。
<评价基准>
〇:在化学转化处理被膜中未观察到裂纹及剥离
△:在化学转化处理被膜中存在裂纹但没有剥离
×:观察到化学转化处理被膜的剥离
<耐蚀性(耐白锈性)>
制作平板试验片,对各试验片基于JIS Z 2371:2015进行盐水喷雾试验,对144小时后的表面的白锈的产生状况(试验片的面积中的白锈产生的面积的比例)进行了评价。如果为△,则判断为实际使用上具有充分的耐蚀性,如果为〇,则判断为耐蚀性优异,如果为◎,则判断为耐蚀性更优异。
<评价基准>
◎=生锈小于总面积的5%
○=生锈为总面积的5%以上且小于10%
△=生锈为总面积的10%以上且小于30%
×=生锈为总面积的30%以上
<外观>
通过目视按照以下的基准对平板试验片的外观进行了评价。如果为〇,则判断为外观优异。
<评价基准>
〇:未观察到白化
△:观察到了局部的白化。
<耐黑变性>
将试验板在70℃的温度下且在80%的相对湿度的湿润箱内保持6天之后,将其取出,通过目视对试验板的黑变状况进行了判定。
评价基准设定为如下所述,如果为〇,则判断为合格,如果为◎,则判断为耐黑变性特别优异。
◎:黑变的部位的面积率小于1%
〇:黑变的部位的面积率为1%以上且小于25%
△:黑变的部位的面积率为25%以上且小于50%
×:黑变的部位的面积率为50%以上
[表1]
镀覆组成 | 锌花 | |
a | Zn-0.2%Al | 小锌花 |
b | Zn-0.2%Al-0.08%Sb | 常规锌花 |
c | Zn-6.0%Al-3.0%Mg | 无 |
d | Zn-11.0%Al-3.0%Mg-0.2%Si | 无 |
e | Zn-16.0%Al-6.0%Mg-0.2%Si | 无 |
f | Zn-19.0%Al-6.0%Mg-1.5%Sn-0.5%Ca-0.2%Si | 无 |
g | Zn-24.0%Al-12.0%Mg-0.5%Ca-1.2%Si | 无 |
h | Zn | 无 |
[表2]
名称 | |
A1 | 3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷 |
A2 | 3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷 |
B1 | 3-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷 |
B2 | 3-环氧丙氧基丙基=乙氧基硅烷 |
[表3]
名称 | |
W1 | 磷酸 |
W2 | 磷酸铵 |
[表4]
名称 | |
X1 | 氟化氢 |
[表5]
名称 | |
Y1 | 碳酸锆铵 |
Y2 | 六氟化锆氢酸 |
[表6]
名称 | |
Z1 | 硫酸氧钒VOSO4 |
Z2 | 乙酰丙酮氧钒VO(OC(=CH2)CH2COCH3) |
[表7]
[表8]
[表9]
[表10-1]
[表10-2]
[表10-3]
[表10-4]
[表10-5]
[表10-6]
[表10-7]
[表10-8]
[表10-9]
[表10-10]
[表10-11]
[表10-12]
如由表1~表10-12获知的那样,就化学转化处理层包含规定量的Si、C、O及P、表层区域的P浓度的最大值相对于中间区域的平均P浓度为1.5倍~5.0倍的发明例No.1~16、33~122、129~136、149~164而言,具有充分的耐粉化性、耐蚀性,与此同时耐指纹性优异。
另一方面,作为比较例的No.17~32、137~148、165~171的耐指纹性、耐粉化性、耐蚀性中的某一个差。
另外,在发明例当中,当在界面侧区域存在Al、界面侧区域的F含量为化学转化处理层整体的F含量的20%以上的情况下,耐蚀性更优异。
另外,当在界面侧区域存在Sb的情况下,耐黑变性更优异。
符号说明
1 表面处理钢板
11 钢板
12 镀层
13 化学转化处理层
101 表层区域
102 界面侧区域
103 中间区域
Claims (4)
1.一种表面处理钢板,其特征在于,具备:
钢板;
形成于所述钢板表面的锌系镀层;以及
形成于所述锌系镀层表面的化学转化处理层,
所述化学转化处理层包含Si、C、O及P,
所述化学转化处理层中的C浓度为20.0质量%以上、O浓度为15.0质量%以上、Si浓度为10.0质量%以上、P浓度为0.10质量%以上,
在将所述化学转化处理层的厚度设定为t的情况下,将以所述化学转化处理层的表面设定为起点、以距离所述化学转化处理层的所述表面在厚度方向上为t/10的位置作为终点的范围设定为表层区域,将以距离所述化学转化处理层的所述表面在厚度方向上为9t/10的位置作为起点、以所述化学转化处理层与所述锌系镀层的界面作为终点的范围设定为界面侧区域,将被所述表层区域和所述界面侧区域夹持的区域设定为中间区域时,所述表层区域的P浓度的最大值相对于所述中间区域的平均P浓度为1.5倍~5.0倍。
2.根据权利要求1所述的表面处理钢板,其特征在于,在所述界面侧区域存在Al,
所述界面侧区域的F含量为所述化学转化处理层整体的F含量的20%以上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的表面处理钢板,其特征在于,在所述界面侧区域存在Sb。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的表面处理钢板,其特征在于,所述锌系镀层的表面为常规锌花精加工。
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