CN117088733A - Biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117088733A CN117088733A CN202311360178.2A CN202311360178A CN117088733A CN 117088733 A CN117088733 A CN 117088733A CN 202311360178 A CN202311360178 A CN 202311360178A CN 117088733 A CN117088733 A CN 117088733A
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 title description 73
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000606124 Bacteroides fragilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000187395 Streptomyces microflavus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193417 Brevibacillus laterosporus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223221 Fusarium oxysporum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 0.5-2 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum; the functional composite microbial inoculum comprises streptomyces microflavus and bacteroides fragilis. The biological organic fertilizer can obviously reduce the incidence rate of tomato soil-borne diseases and obviously improve the yield and the productivity of tomatoes. The combination of the streptomyces microflavus and the bacteroides fragilis can obviously reduce the incidence rate of tomato bacterial wilt, and can improve the single plant yield and the yield of tomatoes by at least 63%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Tomatoes are popular vegetables and have been popular with large growers, but tomatoes develop a number of soil-borne diseases during growth, known as soil-borne diseases. Soil borne diseases of tomatoes are most commonly bacterial wilt, blight and stem basal rot.
If bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt or stem basal rot occurs, not only the diseased plant is removed, but also a plurality of medicaments are timely used for root irrigation, so that the infection of surrounding plants is avoided as much as possible; the tomato plant is also required to be planted after rotation with crops such as peanut, soybean, corn, rice and the like for one season or year, and attention is paid to the fact that the tomato plant is not required to be planted continuously with solanaceous crops such as capsicum, eggplant and the like, and if bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt or stem rot occurs, the soil for planting tomatoes cannot realize continuous cropping. In order to prevent and treat bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt and stem basal rot, the tomato planting process must be mainly prevented, and the damage can be reduced.
In the prior art, the biological organic fertilizer is used for enhancing soil fertility, has no obvious effect on preventing and treating soil-borne diseases, and is generally used independently or combined with chemical bactericides to prevent and treat the soil-borne diseases, on one hand, the biological composite bactericides or the biological bactericides and the chemical bactericides can only solve specific soil-borne diseases and cannot simultaneously prevent and treat various soil-borne diseases. On the other hand, the soil after the biological composite bacterial agent or the biological bacterial agent and the chemical bacterial agent are combined still needs to be alternately planted in the quarter or the year so as to reduce the incidence rate of soil-borne diseases in the next quarter or year. Therefore, a biological organic fertilizer capable of effectively preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a bio-organic fertilizer for controlling tomato soil borne diseases, which is used for solving the problem that the control effect of the bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil fertility on the tomato soil borne diseases is not obvious in the prior art, and simultaneously, the present invention also provides a preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer for controlling tomato soil borne diseases.
To achieve the above-mentioned objects and other related objects,
the invention provides a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 0.5-2 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the functional composite microbial inoculum comprises streptomyces microflavus and bacteroides fragilis.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1-1.5 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum.
In one embodiment of the invention, the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of animal manure and 1-2 parts of straw.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the animal waste comprises the following components in weight ratio 1: the mixture of the sheep manure and the cow manure in the step (1-3);
the straw comprises at least one of corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw.
In an embodiment of the invention, the functional composite microbial agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight (1-5): and (2) a mixture of streptomyces microflavus and bacteroides fragilis.
In an embodiment of the invention, the functional composite microbial agent includes (2-4) by weight: and (2) a mixture of streptomyces microflavus and bacteroides fragilis.
In an embodiment of the invention, the functional composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 1-2 parts of bacteroides fragilis, 2-10 parts of bacillus and 0.5-2 parts of lactobacillus.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the bacillus includes at least one of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned bio-organic fertilizer for controlling soil borne diseases of tomatoes, comprising: and mixing the solid organic fertilizer with the functional composite microbial inoculum, granulating, and air-drying to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a solid organic fertilizer:
s11, respectively dehydrating, drying, crushing and sterilizing animal manure and straws at a high temperature, and mixing according to the weight parts to obtain a mixture A;
s12, mixing the mixture A with an organic material decomposing agent according to the weight ratio of (5000-10000): (1-2) mixing, adding water until the water content of the material is 20% -35%, fermenting at normal temperature for at least 7 days after uniformly mixing, and stirring for at least 1 time every day during fermentation to obtain the solid organic fertilizer;
s2, preparing a functional composite microbial inoculum:
s21, mixing fermentation liquor of all strains according to the weight parts of the strains, concentrating, and adding bran as a carrier to obtain strain mixed liquor;
s22, further concentrating the strain mixed solution to obtain a functional composite microbial inoculum, wherein the viable count of each strain in the functional composite microbial inoculum is respectively as follows: 2X 10 10 cfu/g~4×10 10 cfu/g Streptomyces microflavus, 1X 10 10 cfu/g~2×10 10 cfu/g of bacteroides fragilis, 2×10 10 cfu/g~10×10 10 cfu/g bacillus, 0.5X10 g 10 cfu/g~2×10 10 cfu/g of lactobacillus.
As described above, the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
the biological organic fertilizer can obviously reduce the incidence rate of tomato soil-borne diseases and obviously improve the yield and the productivity of tomatoes. The combination of the streptomyces microflavus and the bacteroides fragilis can obviously reduce the incidence rate of tomato bacterial wilt, has inhibition effect on bacteria and fungi, can inhibit germ reproduction, prevent diseases and protect seedlings. And the bacteroides fragilis is used as a moderate anaerobic bacterium, the streptomyces microflavus is used as an aerobic bacterium, and the bacteroides fragilis can decompose macromolecular organic matters into smaller small molecules in soil to obtain energy survival, so that the preparation is carried out for further thoroughly decomposing the organic matters by the streptomyces microflavus, the important effects of activating the soil and stimulating the growth of plant root systems are achieved together, and therefore, the yield and the yield of tomato single plants are remarkably improved, and the yield is improved by at least 63%.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1 part of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components: 3 parts of animal manure and 1 part of straw; the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3, a mixture of sheep manure and cow manure; the straw comprises corn straw;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 1 part of bacteroides fragilis, 4 parts of bacillus and 0.5 part of lactobacillus; the bacillus comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 4 parts of bacillus megatherium; 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus; 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
A preparation method of a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a solid organic fertilizer:
s11, respectively dehydrating, drying, crushing and sterilizing animal manure and straws at a high temperature, and mixing according to the weight parts to obtain a mixture A;
s12, mixing the mixture A with an organic material decomposing agent according to a weight ratio of 5000:1, mixing, adding water until the water content of the materials is 25%, fermenting at normal temperature for at least 7 days after uniformly mixing, and stirring for at least 1 time every day during the fermentation period to obtain the solid organic fertilizer;
s2, preparing a functional composite microbial inoculum:
s21, respectively carrying out the following operations on streptomyces microflavus, bacteroides fragilis, bacillus, lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus licheniformis: inoculating each strain to inclined planes containing nutrient substances for activation, washing the inclined planes with sterile physiological saline, inoculating the inclined planes into triangular flasks containing 200ml of culture medium according to 1/3 of the inclined planes, culturing bacteria at 37 ℃ at 150rpm for 10 hours to obtain first-stage seed liquid, and culturing fungi at 28 ℃ at 200rpm for 48 hours to obtain first-stage seed liquid;
s22, further inoculating 10% of the primary seed liquid into a seed tank for expansion culture, culturing bacteria for 8 hours, and culturing fungi for 20 hours to obtain a secondary seed liquid;
s23, inoculating 5% of secondary seed liquid into a fermentation tank culture medium for fermentation, wherein the feeding volume of the fermentation tank is 1/2 of the tank volume, the stirring speed is 200rpm, the ventilation rate is 1:0.3, the tank pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa, the bacterial temperature is 37 ℃, and the fungal temperature is 28 ℃; after fermentation, obtaining fermentation liquor;
s24, mixing fermentation liquor of all strains according to the weight parts of the strains, concentrating, and adding bran as a carrier to obtain strain mixed liquor;
s25, further concentrating the strain mixed solution to obtain a functional composite microbial inoculum, wherein the viable count of various bacteria in the functional composite microbial inoculum is about: 2X 10 10 cfu/g~4×10 10 cfu/g Streptomyces microflavus, 1X 10 10 cfu/g~2×10 10 cfu/g of bacteroides fragilis, 2×10 10 cfu/g~10×10 10 cfu/g bacillus, 0.5X10 g 10 cfu/g~2×10 10 cfu/g of lactobacillus.
Example 2
The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1.2 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components: 5 parts of animal manure and 2 parts of straw; the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3, a mixture of sheep manure and cow manure; the straw comprises corn straw;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 2 parts of bacteroides fragilis, 10 parts of bacillus and 2 parts of lactobacillus; the bacillus comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 4 parts of bacillus megatherium; 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus; 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1.2 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components: 4 parts of animal manure and 2 parts of straw; the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3, a mixture of sheep manure and cow manure; the straw comprises corn straw;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 2 parts of bacteroides fragilis, 8 parts of bacillus and 2 parts of lactobacillus; the bacillus comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 4 parts of bacillus megatherium; 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus; 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4
The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1.5 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components: 4 parts of animal manure and 2 parts of straw; the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3, a mixture of sheep manure and cow manure; the straw comprises corn straw;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 2 parts of bacteroides fragilis, 8 parts of bacillus and 2 parts of lactobacillus; the bacillus comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 4 parts of bacillus megatherium; 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus; 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer is the same as that of example 1.
Example 5
The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1.5 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components: 4 parts of animal manure and 2 parts of straw; the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.5, a mixture of sheep manure and cow manure; the straw comprises corn straw;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 2 parts of bacteroides fragilis, 8 parts of bacillus and 2 parts of lactobacillus; the bacillus comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 4 parts of bacillus megatherium; 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus; 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1
The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1.5 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components: 4 parts of animal manure and 2 parts of straw; the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3, a mixture of sheep manure and cow manure; the straw comprises corn straw;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of bacillus and 2 parts of lactobacillus; the bacillus comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 4 parts of bacillus megatherium; 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus; 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 4 in that Streptomyces microflavus and Bacteroides fragilis are not added in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 0.2 part of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components: 4 parts of animal manure and 2 parts of straw; the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3, a mixture of sheep manure and cow manure; the straw comprises corn straw;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 2 parts of bacteroides fragilis, 8 parts of bacillus and 2 parts of lactobacillus; the bacillus comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 4 parts of bacillus megatherium; 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus; 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 2 is different from example 4 in that the functional complex microbial agent of comparative example 2 is added in a small amount.
Greenhouse test section
1. In order to verify the control effect of the bio-organic fertilizer on tomato bacterial wilt, a potting test is carried out in a greenhouse. The test is as follows:
1. test group: 2.5kg of tomato continuous cropping soil/pot, 1 tomato seedling/pot;
blank 1: tomato continuous cropping soil, totaling 30 pots;
control group 1-1: the tomato continuous cropping soil uses conventional N/P/K fertilizer, and the total amount of the fertilizer is 30 pots;
control group 2-1: the tomato continuous cropping soil uses the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of comparative example 1, totaling 30 pots;
control group 3-1: the tomato continuous cropping soil uses the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of comparative example 2, totaling 30 pots;
experimental group 1-1: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 1 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 2-1: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 2 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 3-1: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 3 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 4-1: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 4 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 5-1: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 5 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots.
2. The test method comprises the following steps: after one week of tomato transplantation, the prepared Pseudomonas suspension (5.1X10 g) 10 cfu/ml) irrigationThe tomato seed is injected near the root system of the tomato, and the seed quantity is 5 ml/basin. The growth cycle was 90 days, and the growth, disease conditions and average plant yield (only calculated for non-disease) of tomatoes were periodically observed and recorded, and specific results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that the incidence of tomato bacterial wilt can be remarkably reduced and tomato yield can be remarkably improved after the bio-organic fertilizer of examples 1 to 5 is applied.
The control group 2-1 is not added with streptomyces microflavus and bacteroides fragilis, and the incidence rate of the control group 2-1 is similar to that of the control group 1-1 without any control measures, namely the bio-organic fertilizer (comparative example 1) used in the control group 2-1 does not have the effect of controlling tomato bacterial wilt. The yields of control group 2-1 and control group 1-1 were similar, because of the higher incidence of bacterial wilt, resulting in control group 2-1 being applied with bio-organic fertilizer, but still failing to increase the yield and productivity. As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the yields of experimental groups 1-1 to 5-1 were improved by at least 63% as compared to the yields of control group 1-1. Therefore, the combination of the streptomyces microflavus and the bacteroides fragilis can obviously reduce the incidence rate of tomato bacterial wilt, and can improve the yield and the yield of single tomato plants by at least 63 percent.
The addition amount of streptomyces microflavus and bacteroides fragilis in the control group 3-1 is small, so that the bio-organic fertilizer (comparative example 2) used in the control group 3-1 has a certain effect of preventing and treating bacterial wilt, but the prevention and treatment effect of the bacterial wilt is not obvious due to the too small addition amount, and the incidence rate is still up to 56%. Therefore, when the addition amount of the streptomyces microflavus and the bacteroides fragilis is small, the tomato bacterial wilt prevention and treatment effect is only weak, and the single plant yield of tomatoes can be improved to a certain extent. And the comparison of the control group 2-1 and the control group 3-1 shows that the addition of the streptomyces microflavus and the bacteroides fragilis can reduce the incidence of bacterial wilt of tomatoes and can also improve the single plant yield of tomatoes.
2. In order to verify the control effect of the bio-organic fertilizer on tomato wilt, potting experiments are carried out in a greenhouse. The test is as follows:
1. test group: 2.5kg of tomato continuous cropping soil/pot, 1 tomato seedling/pot;
blank group 2: tomato continuous cropping soil, totaling 30 pots;
control group 1-2: the tomato continuous cropping soil uses conventional N/P/K fertilizer, and the total amount of the fertilizer is 30 pots;
control group 2-2: the tomato continuous cropping soil uses the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of comparative example 1, totaling 30 pots;
control group 3-2: the tomato continuous cropping soil uses the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of comparative example 2, totaling 30 pots;
experimental group 1-2: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 1 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 2-2: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 2 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 3-2: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 3 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 4-2: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 4 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots;
experimental group 5-2: the bio-organic fertilizer (30 g) of example 5 was used for tomato continuous cropping soil for a total of 30 pots.
2. The test method comprises the following steps: after one week of tomato transplantation, the prepared Fusarium oxysporum suspension (1×10) was used for root irrigation 9 cfu/ml) was perfused near the root system of tomato with an inoculum size of 5 ml/pot. The growth period is 90 days, the growth and morbidity of tomatoes are observed and recorded regularly, and specific results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the incidence of tomato wilt can be remarkably reduced by 20% after the bio-organic fertilizer of the embodiments 1-5 is applied, and the yield of tomatoes can be remarkably improved by more than 80% compared with the yield of control groups 1-2.
In conclusion, after the bio-organic fertilizer provided by the invention is used, the incidence rate of tomato soil-borne diseases can be obviously reduced, and the yield and the productivity of tomatoes can be obviously improved. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 0.5-2 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum;
the functional composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 1-2 parts of bacteroides fragilis, 2-10 parts of bacillus and 0.5-2 parts of lactobacillus;
the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of animal manure and 1-2 parts of straw.
2. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases according to claim 1, wherein the bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5000 parts of solid organic fertilizer and 1-1.5 parts of functional composite microbial inoculum.
3. A bio-organic fertilizer for controlling tomato soil borne diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the animal manure comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mixture of the sheep manure and the cow manure in the step (1-3);
the straw comprises at least one of corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw.
4. A bio-organic fertilizer for controlling tomato soil borne diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the bacillus comprises at least one of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus.
5. A method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato soil borne diseases according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and mixing the solid organic fertilizer with the functional composite microbial inoculum, granulating, and air-drying to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
6. A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer for controlling tomato soil borne diseases according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a solid organic fertilizer:
s11, respectively dehydrating, drying, crushing and sterilizing animal manure and straws at a high temperature, and mixing according to the weight parts to obtain a mixture A;
s12, mixing the mixture A with an organic material decomposing agent according to the weight ratio of (5000-10000): (1-2) mixing, adding water until the water content of the material is 20% -35%, fermenting at normal temperature for at least 7 days after uniformly mixing, and stirring at least 1 time per day during fermentation to obtain the solid organic fertilizer;
s2, preparing a functional composite microbial inoculum:
s21, mixing fermentation liquor of all strains according to the weight parts of the strains, concentrating, and adding bran as a carrier to obtain strain mixed liquor;
s22, further concentrating the strain mixed solution to obtain a functional composite microbial inoculum, wherein the viable count of each strain in the functional composite microbial inoculum is respectively as follows: 2X 10 10 cfu/g~4×10 10 cfu/g Streptomyces microflavus, 1X 10 10 cfu/g~2×10 10 cfu/g of bacteroides fragilis, 2×10 10 cfu/g~10×10 10 cfu/g bacillus, 0.5X10 g 10 cfu/g~2×10 10 cfu/g of lactobacillus.
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