CN117048134A - 一种石墨烯复合薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种石墨烯复合薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117048134A CN117048134A CN202210494886.4A CN202210494886A CN117048134A CN 117048134 A CN117048134 A CN 117048134A CN 202210494886 A CN202210494886 A CN 202210494886A CN 117048134 A CN117048134 A CN 117048134A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
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- -1 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N borneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(C)CC1C2(C)C CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-isoborneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(O)CC1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KNCYXPMJDCCGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidine-2,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCC(=O)N1 KNCYXPMJDCCGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种石墨烯复合薄膜材料及其制备方法,所述石墨烯复合薄膜材料为:在一种高分子透明复合膜上设有至少一层石墨烯,所述高分子透明复合膜由高分子衬底和聚合物胶层两层结构组成;所述高分子透明复合膜与石墨烯层之间通过粘合剂相连;若复合膜上有多层石墨烯,则相邻石墨烯层间直接相连,不需任何粘合剂。本发明制备的石墨烯复合薄膜突破了以往高分子材料对于水蒸气和氧气阻隔性能的局限,同时具有出色的透光性和柔韧性,能够满足OLED器件封装,医药、食品包装等应用需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料制备领域,涉及一种石墨烯复合薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(organic light emitting diode,OLED)是一种新型发光器件。与LCD相比,OLED显示屏具有更轻薄、柔性好、发光效率高、功耗低、清晰度高、可视角度大、响应快等优势,在显示和照明领域具有优秀的应用前景。
为了使OLED器件的使用寿命达到需求,通常要求器件封装材料的水汽渗透速率(WVTR)小于10-6g/(m2·24hr),氧气渗透速率(OTR)小于10-5cc/(m2·24hr)。而高分子材料虽然有质轻、柔韧、易加工的优点,但WVTR和OTR通常分别在10-1~40g/(m2·24hr)和10-2~102cc/(m2·24hr)范围内。因此,想要将柔性高分子复合薄膜应用于OLED的封装领域,需要在不降低高分子薄膜透光性的同时,首先提升薄膜的气体阻隔性能。
目前已有一些用石墨烯提高聚合物阻隔性能的方法。例如:申请公布号为CN105313433A,专利名称为“一种改善石墨烯复合气体阻隔膜性能的方法”;申请公布号为CN103682054B,专利名称为“一种基于石墨烯的柔性光电器件封装方法”;申请公布号为CN103692743B,专利名称为“一种石墨烯复合薄膜材料以及制备方法”;申请公布号为CN109830615B,专利名称为“一种柔性OLED封装用水氧阻隔膜结构”。此外,申请公布号为CN101364646B,专利名称为“一种带水汽阻隔层的燃料电池电极”,此专利中也提到了用高导电碳粉和疏水树脂做水氧阻隔层,阻隔层的厚度为0.12~0.70mm。
发明内容
石墨烯(graphene)因其独特的六元环晶格结构,具有优异的气体阻隔性、柔韧性和透光率,单层石墨烯的透光率可以达到97%。因此,将石墨烯与柔性高分子材料紧密结合,可以有效的提高薄膜的阻隔性能,同时保证薄膜的透光率和柔韧性。随着在金属基底上生长石墨烯的化学气相沉积(CVD)日趋成熟,石墨烯的转移技术就变得尤为重要,如何将石墨烯无损、无褶皱、无污染的转移到高分子衬底上也成为了导向OLED应用的关键。
现有的一些用石墨烯提高聚合物阻隔性能的方法均采用了两层薄膜在石墨烯上下封装,使薄膜/阻隔膜的厚度增加,透光率降低,应用范围减小,而部分技术更是直接将OLED器件封装在两层材料之间,使得OLED器件的使用受限;此外,一些方法使用树脂做水氧阻隔层,而树脂的刚性较强,会减弱复合膜的形变能力,使材料在形变中易发生破坏;另一些方法使用有机溶剂进行除胶,这一步骤除了会对环境造成污染,更会大幅增加方法的成本,后续的废液处理也会增加费用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种石墨烯薄膜材料及其制备方法,以大面积单层或多层石墨烯作为气体阻隔功能层,高分子衬底作为透明支撑层,通过高分子复合膜上的胶层和液态粘合剂将两种材料复合形成具有高透光率和出色气体阻隔性的复合材料。
本发明的目的是提供一种石墨烯复合薄膜材料,所述复合薄膜材料包括在高分子透明复合膜上设有至少一层石墨烯,所述高分子透明复合膜由高分子衬底和聚合物胶层两层结构组成;所述高分子透明复合膜的聚合物胶层与石墨烯层之间通过粘合剂相连。本发明通过采用由高分子衬底和聚合物胶层两层结构的高分子透明复合膜,且高分子透明复合膜的聚合物胶层与石墨烯层之间通过粘合剂相连,可以实现仅由一层高分子透明复合膜与石墨烯层复合,在不降低透光率、柔韧度的同时保证了较低的水汽渗透速率。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述粘合剂的所述粘合剂的溶质为松香、冰片、聚碳酸丙烯酯(PPC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基戊二酰亚胺、聚碳酸酯、聚硅氧烷中的一种或几种,优选为PPC;所述粘合剂的溶剂为苯甲醚、乳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯中的一种,优选为苯甲醚。采用上述粘合剂可以实现石墨烯与高分子透明复合膜良好的共型贴合,从而保证了石墨烯层的完整度,进而实现在不降低透光率的同时保证了较低的水汽渗透速率。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述粘合剂中溶质的数均分子量为5w-30w。溶质的数均分子量在该范围内石墨烯的完整度更好,有利于提高材料的水汽阻隔性。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述粘合剂的制备方法为:将所述溶质放入棕色玻璃瓶中密封好,于烘箱内烘烤8h-24h;再往玻璃瓶中注入所述溶剂,以g为单位的溶质质量与以ml为单位的溶剂的质量体积之比为1:10,搅拌5-12h,最后将所得溶液超声震荡,得到所述粘合剂。
根据本发明一实施方式,烘箱内烘烤温度为30-80℃,优选为50℃;搅拌的温度为30-80℃,优选为60℃;所述超声震荡的频率为40khz,时间为3h。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述复合薄膜材料包括在高分子透明复合膜上设有多层石墨烯,优选为双层;相邻石墨烯层之间直接相连,无粘合剂辅助。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述高分子衬底由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)、三醋酸纤维素(TAC)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)中的一种或几种组成;优选地,所述高分子衬底的厚度为50-200μm;和/或
所述聚合物胶层由硅树脂、环氧树脂、聚丙烯酸酯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中的一种或几种组成;优选地,所述聚合物胶层厚度为1-100μm。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述单层石墨烯或组成多层石墨烯的单层石墨烯是采用气相沉积法生长在金属基底上的单层石墨烯;所述金属基底为Cu、Ni、Pt、Ru中的一种或其合金,优选为铜箔。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述石墨烯复合薄膜材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)粘合剂的制备:将溶质放入棕色玻璃瓶中密封好,于烘箱内烘烤8h-24h;再往玻璃瓶中注入溶剂,以g为单位的溶质质量与以ml为单位的溶剂的质量体积之比为1:10,搅拌5-12h,最后将所得溶液超声震荡,得到所述粘合剂;
(2)石墨烯层的制备:以气相沉积法生长在金属基底上的大面积单层石墨烯;
(3)石墨烯层与高分子透明薄膜的粘合:在金属基底生长有石墨烯的一侧涂覆粘合剂;加热固化后,将涂覆粘合剂的一面与高分子透明复合膜的聚合物胶层一面辊压贴合;之后除去金属基底,将剩余复合膜水洗晾干,得到设有单层石墨烯的复合薄膜材料;
(4)将所述步骤(3)中得到设有单层石墨烯的复合薄膜材料含石墨烯一面与另一生长有石墨烯的金属基底的含石墨烯一面热辊压合,之后将所得复合膜加热静压12-48h;最后将金属基底去除,剩余复合膜水洗吹干;重复多次,即得设有多层石墨烯的复合薄膜材料。
采用上述制备方法,通过高分子透明复合膜的聚合物胶层与石墨烯层之间通过粘合剂相连的方式,采用聚合物胶层和粘合剂的辅助,实现高分子衬底与石墨烯的紧密贴合,从而防止转移过程中石墨烯发生褶皱和破损,进而实现在不降低透光率的同时保证了较低的水汽渗透速率。
本发明采用辊压的方式实现石墨烯与复合薄膜材料、多层石墨烯之间的贴合,可以实现层与层之间紧密的共型贴合,制备工艺简单,适合大规模、工业化生产,更加有利于提高复合材料的水汽阻隔性。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述去除金属基底的方法为刻蚀法,刻蚀液为氯化铁、过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵、过氧化氢、盐酸或硝酸中的一种或多种的溶液;所述刻蚀液浓度0.5mol/L~2.0mol/L。
根据本发明一实施方式,所述去除金属基底的方法为电化学鼓泡法,以铂或石墨为阳极,所述金属基底为阴极,电解液为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、硝酸钠、硝酸钾、硝酸铵中的一种或多种的溶液。所述电解液浓度0.5mol/L~2.0mol/L,鼓泡时的电流为0.1-3A。
根据本发明一实施方式,上述步骤(4)中对复合膜加热静压的温度为30~80℃。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述复合薄膜材料或采用上述制备方法制备得到的复合薄膜材料在OLED器件封装、医药、食品包装领域中的应用。
本发明的优势在于:通过选定的粘合剂的辅助以及特殊的辊压贴合工艺,完成仅由一层高分子透明复合膜与石墨烯层结合的薄膜材料,该薄膜材料具有高透光率、高柔韧度和极低的水汽渗透速率;更佳地,通过多层石墨烯之间直接的紧密层叠,气体分子即使从单层石墨烯的细微破损处通过,也会在极短间隔的下一层石墨烯的完整处被阻挡。因此本发明制备的石墨烯复合薄膜突破了以往高分子材料阻隔性的局限,同时具有出色的透光性和柔韧性,能够满足OLED器件封装,医药、食品包装等应用需求,具有极大的推广价值和应用前景。
附图说明
图1是本发明的石墨烯复合薄膜材料的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的石墨烯复合薄膜材料的三维结构。
图3是本发明中辊压贴合步骤的示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)粘合剂配制:向100ml褐色玻璃瓶中加入数均分子量为20w的PPC6g,密封好,放入50℃烘箱烘烤12h;之后往玻璃瓶中注入60ml 99%纯度的苯甲醚,放入60℃热台上搅拌8h,最后将溶液以40khz的频率超声震荡3h备用;
(2)将气相沉积法得到的大面积单层石墨烯及铜箔裁至10cm×10cm,以备用;
(3)在铜箔长有石墨烯一层以1000rpm的速度旋涂粘合剂,之后将其置于60℃热台上烘烤5min,然后以250W的功率对铜箔未涂胶一面进行10min的等离子体处理,接着将铜箔/石墨烯涂胶一面与购得高分子透明复合膜的聚合物胶层一面进行辊压贴合,具体的辊压贴合步骤是:将铜箔/石墨烯未涂胶一面作为底面,在其下垫一片175μm厚的PET膜,避免石墨烯/铜箔在辊压过程中发生褶皱和变形;接着将复合膜含丙烯酸酯一面的一条边贴在铜箔/石墨烯涂胶的表面上,另一边固定在一辊轮上,使其绷紧、保持平整,远离铜箔表面;然后把复合膜和铜箔贴合的一边送入辊压机内,以0.1-3.5mm/s的速度缓慢贴合。如果复合膜足够长,可以绕过辊轮将其绷紧;如果不够长,则应该把复合膜前端对齐固定在辊轮上,同时使复合膜不含丙烯酸酯、无粘性的一面紧贴辊轮,避免复合膜发生褶皱和变形。
辊压3~5边后,将所得复合薄膜不含石墨烯一面朝下,放入1mol/l的FeCl3溶液中刻蚀至金属衬底完全除去。
上述高分子透明复合膜的高分子衬底由PET组成,高分子衬底的厚度为50μm;聚合物胶层由丙烯酸酯组成,聚合物胶层的厚度为50μm。
(4)清洗与晾干:刻蚀后,将去除金属衬底的剩余复合薄膜放入4.0mol/l盐酸中浸泡15min,再放入去离子水中浸泡、清洗四次,每次水洗5min,最后将清洗完毕的复合薄膜晾干,得到单层石墨烯复合薄膜材料。
最终得到所述石墨烯复合薄膜材料,其结构为:PET/丙烯酸酯/PPC粘合剂/石墨烯。在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W413 2.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率为2.5×10-2g/(m2·24hr);按照GB/T 2410-2008,使用型号为Lambda 950的紫外/可见光/红外分光光度计,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的透光率为87%。
实施例2
(1)粘合剂配制:向100ml褐色玻璃瓶中加入数均分子量为20w的PPC6g,密封好,放入50℃烘箱烘烤12h;之后往玻璃瓶中注入60ml 99%纯度的苯甲醚,放入60℃热台上搅拌8h,最后将溶液以40khz的频率超声震荡3h备用;
(2)将气相沉积法得到的大面积单层石墨烯及铜箔裁至10cm×10cm,以备用;
(3)在铜箔长有石墨烯一层以1000rpm的速度旋涂粘合剂,之后将其置于60℃热台上烘烤5min,然后以250W的功率对铜箔未涂胶一面进行10min的等离子体处理,接着将铜箔涂胶一面与购得高分子复合膜胶层一面进行辊压贴合,即是:将石墨烯/铜箔未涂胶一面作为底面,在其下垫一片175μm厚的PET膜,避免石墨烯/铜箔在辊压过程中发生褶皱和变形;接着将复合膜含丙烯酸酯一面的一条边贴在铜箔/石墨烯涂胶的表面上,另一边固定在一辊轮上,使其绷紧、保持平整,远离铜箔表面;然后把复合膜和铜箔/石墨烯贴合的一边送入辊压机内,以0.1-3.5mm/s的速度缓慢贴合。如果复合膜足够长,可以绕过辊轮将其绷紧;如果不够长,则应该把复合膜前端对齐固定在辊轮上,同时使复合膜不含丙烯酸酯、无粘性的一面紧贴辊轮,避免复合膜发生褶皱和变形。
辊压3~5边后,将所得复合薄膜不含石墨烯一面朝下,放入1mol/l的FeCl3溶液中刻蚀至金属衬底完全除去。
(4)清洗与晾干:刻蚀后,将去除金属衬底的剩余复合薄膜放入4.0mol/l盐酸中浸泡15min,再放入去离子水中浸泡、清洗四次,每次水洗5min,最后将清洗完毕的复合薄膜晾干,得到单层石墨烯复合薄膜材料。
(5)将气相沉积法得到的大面积单层石墨烯及铜箔裁剪至合适的大小,不含石墨烯一面以250W的功率进行等离子体处理10min,之后将铜箔含石墨烯一面与步骤(4)得到的复合薄膜含石墨烯一面于60℃辊压贴合,即是:将石墨烯/铜箔不含石墨烯一面作为底面,在其下垫一片175μm厚的PET膜,避免石墨烯/铜箔在辊压过程中发生褶皱和变形;接着将复合膜含石墨烯一面的一条边贴在铜箔含石墨烯的表面上,另一边固定在一辊轮上,使其绷紧、保持平整,远离铜箔表面;然后把复合膜和铜箔贴合的一边送入辊压机内,以0.1-3.5mm/s的速度缓慢贴合。如果复合膜足够长,可以绕过辊轮将其绷紧;如果不够长,则应该把复合膜前端对齐固定在辊轮上,同时使复合膜未贴合石墨烯、无粘性的一面紧贴辊轮,避免复合膜发生褶皱和变形。
之后用玻璃板于40℃静压12h,再将静压完毕的复合膜放入1mol/l的FeCl3中刻蚀至金属衬底完全除去,最后按步骤(4)将刻蚀后的复合膜清洗晾干,得到双层石墨烯薄膜复合材料。
最终得到所述石墨烯复合薄膜材料,其结构为:PET/丙烯酸酯/PPC粘合剂/石墨烯/石墨烯。在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W4132.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率小于1×10-3g/(m2·24hr),超出仪器的测试极限1×10-3g/(m2·24hr);按照GB/T 2410-2008,使用型号为Lambda 950的紫外/可见光/红外分光光度计,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的透光率为85%。
实施例3
其他条件与实施例2相同,只是将粘结剂的溶质替换为PC聚碳酸酯。在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W413 2.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率为6.5×10-3g/(m2·24hr);按照GB/T2410-2008,使用型号为Lambda 950的紫外/可见光/红外分光光度计,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的透光率为85%。
实施例4
其他条件与实施例2相同,只是将铜箔和高分子复合膜的面积改成20cm×20cm,将样品放大。在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W4132.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率小于1×10-3g/(m2·24hr),超出仪器的测试极限1×10-3g/(m2·24hr);按照GB/T 2410-2008,使用型号为Lambda 950的紫外/可见光/红外分光光度计,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的透光率为85%。
对比例1
(1)将气相沉积法得到的大面积单层石墨烯及铜箔裁至10cm×10cm,以备用;
(2)以250W的功率对铜箔不含石墨烯一面进行10min的plasma处理,接着将铜箔含石墨烯一面与购得PET/丙烯酸酯复合膜丙烯酸酯胶层一面进行辊压贴合,即是:将石墨烯/铜箔不含石墨烯一面作为底面,在其下垫一片175μm厚的PET膜,避免石墨烯/铜箔在辊压过程中发生褶皱和变形;接着将复合膜含丙烯酸酯一面的一边贴在铜箔含石墨烯的表面上,另一边固定在一辊轮上,使其绷紧、保持平整,远离铜箔表面;然后把复合膜和铜箔贴合的一边送入辊压机内,以0.1-3.5mm/s的速度缓慢贴合。如果复合膜足够长,可以绕过辊轮将其绷紧;如果不够长,则应该把复合膜前端对齐固定在辊轮上,同时使复合膜不含丙烯酸酯、无粘性的一面紧贴辊轮,避免复合膜发生褶皱和变形。
按上述辊压过程重复3~5遍后,将所得复合薄膜不含石墨烯一面朝下,放入1mol/l的FeCl3溶液中刻蚀至金属衬底完全除去。
(3)清洗与晾干:刻蚀后,将去除金属衬底的剩余复合薄膜放入4.0mol/l盐酸中浸泡15min,再放入去离子水中浸泡、清洗四次,每次水洗5min,最后将清洗完毕的复合薄膜晾干,得到单层石墨烯复合薄膜材料。
(4)将气象沉积法得到的大面积单层石墨烯及铜箔裁剪至合适的大小,不含石墨烯一面以250W的功率进行plasma处理10min,之后将铜箔含石墨烯一面与步骤(4)得到的复合薄膜含石墨烯一面于60℃辊压贴合,即是:将石墨烯/铜箔不含石墨烯一面作为底面,在其下垫一片175μm厚的PET膜,避免石墨烯/铜箔在辊压过程中发生褶皱和变形;接着将复合薄膜含石墨烯一面的一边贴在铜箔含石墨烯的表面上,另一边固定在一辊轮上,使其绷紧、保持平整,远离铜箔表面;然后把复合薄膜和铜箔贴合的一边送入辊压机内,以0.1-3.5mm/s的速度缓慢贴合。如果复合膜足够长,可以绕过辊轮将其绷紧;如果不够长,则应该把复合膜前端对齐固定在辊轮上,同时使复合膜不含石墨烯、无粘性的一面应紧贴辊轮,避免复合膜发生褶皱和变形。
接着将复合膜夹在玻璃板之间,于40℃静压12h,再将静压完毕的复合膜放入1mol/l的FeCl3中刻蚀至金属衬底完全除去,最后按步骤(4)将刻蚀后的复合膜清洗晾干,得到双层石墨烯薄膜复合材料。
最终得到所述石墨烯复合薄膜材料,其结构为:PET/丙烯酸酯/石墨烯/石墨烯,与实施例2相比不含PPC作为粘合剂;在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W413 2.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率为0.44g/(m2·24hr)。
对比例2
(1)粘合剂配制:向100ml褐色玻璃瓶中加入数均分子量为20w的PPC6g,密封好,放入50℃烘箱烘烤12h;之后往玻璃瓶中注入60ml 99%纯度的苯甲醚,放入60℃热台上搅拌8h,最后将溶液以40khz的频率超声震荡3h备用;
(2)将气相沉积法得到的大面积单层石墨烯及铜箔裁至10cm×10cm,以备用;
(3)在铜箔长有石墨烯一层以1000rpm的速度旋涂粘合剂,之后将其置于60℃热台上烘烤5min,然后以250W的功率对铜箔未涂胶一面进行10min的plasma处理,接着将铜箔涂胶一面与购得PET/丙烯酸酯复合膜丙烯酸酯胶层一面用静压机直接贴合,将所得复合薄膜不含石墨烯一面朝下,放入1mol/l的FeCl3溶液中刻蚀至金属衬底完全除去。
(4)清洗与晾干:刻蚀后,将去除金属衬底的剩余复合薄膜放入4.0mol/l盐酸中浸泡15min,再放入去离子水中浸泡、清洗四次,每次水洗5min,最后将清洗完毕的复合薄膜晾干,得到单层石墨烯复合薄膜材料。
(5)将气相沉积法得到的大面积单层石墨烯及铜箔裁剪至合适的大小,不含石墨烯一面以250W的功率进行plasma处理10min,之后将铜箔含石墨烯一面与步骤(4)得到的复合薄膜含石墨烯一面于60℃用静压机直接贴合,接着将复合膜夹在玻璃板之间,于40℃静压12h,再将静压完毕的复合膜放入1mol/l的FeCl3中刻蚀至金属衬底完全除去,最后按步骤(4)将刻蚀后的复合膜清洗晾干,得到双层石墨烯薄膜复合材料。
最终得到所述石墨烯复合薄膜材料,其结构为:PET/丙烯酸酯/PPC粘合剂/石墨烯/石墨烯,实例2相比贴合方式不同;在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W413 2.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率为0.35g/(m2·24hr)。
对比例3
其它实验条件与实施例2相同,只是PPC的数均分子量为1w。在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W4132.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率为4.1×10-3g/(m2·24hr);按照GB/T 2410-2008,使用型号为Lambda 950的紫外/可见光/红外分光光度计,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的透光率为85%。
对比例4
其它实验条件与实施例2相同,只是PPC的数均分子量为40w。在23℃,湿度为50%RH的条件下,按照GB/T 26253-2010,使用型号为GBPI W413 2.0的水蒸气透过率测试仪,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的水蒸气透过率为2.1×10-3g/(m2·24hr);按照GB/T 2410-2008,使用型号为Lambda 950的紫外/可见光/红外分光光度计,测得石墨烯复合薄膜材料的透光率为84%。
表1
水汽渗透速率(g/(m2·24hr)) | 透光性(%) | |
实施例1 | 2.5×10-2g | 87 |
实施例2 | <1×10-3 | 85 |
实施例3 | 6.5×10-3 | 85 |
实施例4 | <1×10-3 | 85 |
对比例1 | 0.44 | / |
对比例2 | 0.35 | / |
对比例3 | 4.1×10-3 | 85 |
对比例4 | 2.1×10-3 | 84 |
水汽渗透速率(WVTR)的测试方法为红外检测器法,测试标准为GB/T 26253-2010,设备型号为GBPI W413 2.0。
透光性的测试标准为GB/T 2410-2008,测试仪器为紫外/可见光/红外分光光度计,设备型号为Lambda 950。
Claims (10)
1.一种石墨烯复合薄膜材料,其特征在于,所述复合薄膜材料包括在高分子透明复合膜上设有至少一层石墨烯,所述高分子透明复合膜由高分子衬底和聚合物胶层两层结构组成;所述高分子透明复合膜的聚合物胶层与石墨烯层之间通过粘合剂相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合薄膜材料,其特征在于,所述粘合剂的溶质为松香、冰片、聚碳酸丙烯酯(PPC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基戊二酰亚胺、聚碳酸酯、聚硅氧烷中的一种或几种,优选为PPC;所述粘合剂的溶剂为苯甲醚、乳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯中的一种,优选为苯甲醚。
3.根据权利要求2所述的复合薄膜材料,其特征在于,所述粘合剂中溶质的数均分子量为5w-30w。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的复合薄膜材料,其特征在于,所述粘合剂的制备方法为:将所述溶质放入棕色玻璃瓶中密封好,于烘箱内烘烤8h-24h;再往玻璃瓶中注入所述溶剂,以g为单位的溶质质量与以ml为单位的溶剂的质量体积之比为1:10,于环境搅拌5-12h,最后将所得溶液超声震荡,得到所述粘合剂。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的复合薄膜材料,其特征在于,所述复合薄膜材料包括在高分子透明复合膜上设有多层石墨烯,优选为双层;相邻石墨烯层之间直接相连,无粘合剂辅助。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的复合薄膜材料,其特征在于,所述高分子衬底由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)、三醋酸纤维素(TAC)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)中的一种或几种组成;优选地,所述高分子衬底的厚度为50-200μm;和/或
所述聚合物胶层由硅树脂、环氧树脂、聚丙烯酸酯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中的一种或几种组成;优选地,所述聚合物胶层厚度为1-100μm。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的复合薄膜材料,其特征在于,所述单层石墨烯或组成多层石墨烯的单层石墨烯是采用气相沉积法生长在金属基底上的单层石墨烯;所述金属基底为Cu、Ni、Pt、Ru中的一种或其合金,优选为铜箔。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的复合薄膜材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)粘合剂的制备:将所述溶质放入棕色玻璃瓶中密封好,于烘箱内烘烤8h-24h;再往玻璃瓶中注入所述溶剂,以g为单位的溶质质量与以ml为单位的溶剂的质量体积之比为1:10,搅拌5-12h,最后将所得溶液超声震荡,得到所述粘合剂;
(2)石墨烯层的制备:以气相沉积法生长在金属基底上的大面积单层石墨烯;
(3)石墨烯层与高分子透明薄膜的粘合:在金属基底生长有石墨烯的一侧涂覆所述粘合剂;加热固化后,将涂覆所述粘合剂的一面与所述高分子透明复合膜的聚合物胶层一面辊压贴合;之后除去金属基底,将剩余复合膜水洗晾干,得到设有单层石墨烯的复合薄膜材料;
(4)任选地,将所述步骤(3)中得到设有单层石墨烯的复合薄膜材料含石墨烯一面与另一生长有石墨烯的金属基底的含石墨烯一面热辊压合,之后将所得复合膜加热静压12-48h;最后将金属基底去除,剩余复合膜水洗吹干;重复多次,即得设有多层石墨烯的复合薄膜材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述去除金属基底的方法为刻蚀法,刻蚀液为氯化铁、过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵、过氧化氢、盐酸或硝酸中的一种或多种的溶液;或
所述去除金属基底的方法为电化学鼓泡法,以铂或石墨为阳极,所述金属基底为阴极,电解液为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、硝酸钠、硝酸钾、硝酸铵中的一种或多种的溶液。
10.权利要求1-7任一项所述复合薄膜材料或采用权利要求8-9任一项所述制备方法制备得到的复合薄膜材料在OLED器件封装、医药、食品包装领域中的应用。
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