CN117024440A - 一种萜内酯衍生物及其在医药上的应用 - Google Patents
一种萜内酯衍生物及其在医药上的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117024440A CN117024440A CN202311026624.6A CN202311026624A CN117024440A CN 117024440 A CN117024440 A CN 117024440A CN 202311026624 A CN202311026624 A CN 202311026624A CN 117024440 A CN117024440 A CN 117024440A
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenobarbital Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YORCIIVHUBAYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propargyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC#C YORCIIVHUBAYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
- C07D493/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D493/20—Spiro-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/93—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with a ring other than six-membered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种萜内酯衍生物及其在制备镇静药物中的应用,具体而言涉及如通式(I)所示的萜内酯衍生物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、代谢产物、前药、药学上可接受的盐或共晶,其中,通式(I)中各取代基的定义与说明书的定义相同
Description
本申请是申请号为202210342140.1、申请日为2022年3月30日、发明名称为“一种萜内酯衍生物及其在医药上的应用”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种萜内酯衍生物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、前药、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐或共晶,及其在制备镇静药物中的应用。
背景技术
镇静药物对中枢神经系统有广泛的抑制作用,有助于缓解抑郁和焦虑,被用来治疗精神紧张,并不影响正常的大脑活动。常用的镇静药物有苯巴比妥(巴比妥类)、氯二氮平(苯二氮卓类)、地西泮(苯二氮卓类)以及氯丙嗪(吩噻嗪类)等,然而这些药物普遍存在明显的副作用,如引起低血压、呼吸抑制等,长期服用还会出现成瘾性和耐药性问题。
因此,亟需开发一种更安全的镇静药物。
研究发现萜内酯具有神经元保护、神经功能修复及重构的作用,开发萜内酯衍生物应用于制备镇静药物具有广阔的临床应用价值和前景。
发明内容
为了满足临床需要,本发明提供萜内酯衍生物或者其立体异构体、水合物、代谢产物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐或共晶在制备镇静或者预防和/或治疗与非镇静状态相关的疾病或病症的药物中的应用。
具体而言,本发明提供一种通式(I)所示的化合物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、前药、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐或共晶:
其中:
R选自C1-6烷基。
本发明所述的化合物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、代谢产物、前药、药学上可接受的盐或共晶,其中该化合物选自:
或者/>
具体而言,本发明提供一种通式(II)所示的化合物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、前药、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐或共晶:
其中:
R选自C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、炔基或-Si(R1)3;其中R1选自C1-3烷基。
本发明所述的化合物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、代谢产物、前药、药学上可接受的盐或共晶,其中该化合物选自:
或者/>
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包括:
(1)本发明所述的化合物或其立体异构体、溶剂化物、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐、共晶或者前药;
(2)任选的一种或者多种其他活性成分;以及
(3)药学上可接受的载体和/或赋形剂。
本发明还提供上文所述的化合物或者药物组合物在制备镇静或者预防和/或治疗与非镇静状态相关的疾病或病症的药物中的应用。
除非有相反的陈述,在说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语具有下述含义。
本发明所述基团和化合物中所涉及的碳、氢、氧、硫、氮或F、Cl、Br、I均包括它们的同位素情况,及本发明所述基团和化合物中所涉及的碳、氢、氧、硫或氮任选进一步被一个或多个它们对应的同位素所替代,其中碳的同位素包括12C、13C和14C,氢的同位素包括氕(H)、氘(D,又叫重氢)、氚(T,又叫超重氢),氧的同位素包括16O、17O和18O,硫的同位素包括32S、33S、34S和36S,氮的同位素包括14N和15N,氟的同位素包括17F和19F,氯的同位素包括35Cl和37Cl,溴的同位素包括79Br和81Br。
“药学上可接受的盐”或者“其药学上可接受的盐”是指本发明化合物保持游离酸或者游离碱的生物有效性和特性,且所述的游离酸通过与无毒的无机碱或者有机碱反应获得的盐,所述的游离碱通过与无毒的无机酸或者有机酸反应获得的盐。
“药物组合物”是指一种或多种本发明所述化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或前药和其它化学组分形成的混合物,其中,“其它化学组分”是指药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂和/或一种或多种其它治疗剂。
“载体”是指不会对生物体产生明显刺激且不会消除所给予化合物的生物活性和特性的材料。
“赋形剂”是指加入到药物组合物中以促进化合物给药的惰性物质。非限制性实施例包括碳酸钙、磷酸钙、糖、淀粉、纤维素衍生物(包括微晶纤维素)、明胶、植物油、聚乙二醇类、稀释剂、成粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂和崩解剂。
“前药”是指可经体内代谢转化为具有生物活性的本发明化合物。本发明的前药通过修饰本发明化合物中的氨基或者羧基来制备,该修饰可以通过常规的操作或者在体内被除去,而得到母体化合物。当本发明的前药被施予哺乳动物个体时,前药被割裂形成游离的氨基或者羧基。
“共晶”是指活性药物成分(API)和共晶形成物(CCF)在氢键或其他非共价键的作用下结合而成的晶体,其中API和CCF的纯态在室温下均为固体,并且各组分间存在固定的化学计量比。共晶是一种多组分晶体,既包含两种中性固体之间形成的二元共晶,也包含中性固体与盐或溶剂化物形成的多元共晶。
“立体异构体”是指由分子中原子在空间上排列方式不同所产生的异构体,包括顺反异构体、对映异构体和构象异构体。
“任选”或“任选地”或“选择性的”或“选择性地”是指随后所述的事件或状况可以但未必发生,该描述包括其中发生该事件或状况的情况及其中未发生的情况。例如,“选择性地被烷基取代的杂环基”是指该烷基可以但未必存在,该描述包括其中杂环基被烷基取代的情况,及其中杂环基未被烷基取代的情况。
具体实施方式
本发明说明书对具体实施方案进行了详细描述,本领域技术人员应认识到,下述实施方案是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,通过对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰获得技术方案也落在本发明的权利要求书的保护范围内。以下通过实施例具体说明本发明的有益效果。
实施例1
(3aS,6aS)-5-(叔丁基)-4-甲酰基-2-氧代-2,3,6,6a-四氢-3aH-环戊甲基[b]呋喃-3a-羧酸甲酯化合物1
Methyl(3aS,6aS)-5-(tert-butyl)-4-formyl-2-oxo-2,3,6,6a-tetrahydro-3aH-cyclopenta[b]furan-3a-carboxylate
在500mL圆底烧瓶中,氮气保护下加入1a(3.0g,9.2mmol),氧化银(8.95g,38.6mmol),碘甲烷(12.5g,88.3mmol)和100mL 1,2-二氯乙烷。反应液在氮气保护下加热回流1小时。停止加热后冷却,将反应液中的不溶固体过滤,并用二氯甲烷洗涤。滤液中的有机溶剂通过减压移除,残留物通过柱层析法纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:2,Rf=0.4)获得目标产物(3aS,6aS)-5-(叔丁基)-4-甲酰基-2-氧代-2,3,6,6a-四氢-3aH-环戊甲基[b]呋喃-3a-羧酸甲酯化合物1,黄色固体(1.56g,收率50%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.16(s,1H),5.00-4.95(m,1H),3.60(s,3H),3.36(d,J=18.4Hz,1H),3.21(dd,J=20.0,6.3Hz,1H),3.00(dd,J=19.9,1.2Hz,1H),2.60(d,J=18.4Hz,1H),1.31(s,9H).
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=267.10[M+1].
实施例2
(3aS,6aS)-5-(叔丁基)-4-甲酰基-2-氧代-2-3,6,6a-四氢-3aH-环戊乙酯[b]呋喃-3a-羧酸乙酯化合物2
Ethyl(3aS,6aS)-5-(tert-butyl)-4-formyl-2-oxo-2,3,6,6a-tetrahydro-3aH-cyclopenta[b]furan-3a-carboxylate
在100mL圆底烧瓶中,氮气保护下加入1a(1.0g,3.06mmol),氧化银(3.0g,12.8mmol),碘乙烷(4.6g,29.4mmol)和50mL 1,2-二氯乙烷。反应液在氮气保护下加热回流1小时。停止加热后冷却,将反应液中的不溶固体过滤,并用二氯甲烷洗涤。滤液中的有机溶剂通过减压移除,残留物通过柱层析法纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:6,Rf=0.1)获得目标产物(3aS,6aS)-5-(叔丁基)-4-甲酰基-2-氧代-2-3,6,6a-四氢-3aH-环戊乙酯[b]呋喃-3a-羧酸乙酯化合物2,黄色固体(382mg,收率35%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.17(s,1H),4.95(dd,J=6.2,1.2Hz,1H),4.04(qd,J=7.1,2.6Hz,2H),3.35(d,J=17.9Hz,2H),3.20(dd,J=20.0,6.2Hz,1H),3.04-2.95(m,1H),2.58(d,J=18.4Hz,1H),1.31(s,9H),1.11(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=281.10[M+1].
实施例3
(1S,4R,7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-(甲氧基甲氧基)-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物3
(1S,4R,7R,9R,11S)-9-Tert-butyl-9-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-3,5,12-trioxatetracyclo[6.6.0.01,11.04,]tetradecane-2,6,13-trione
在25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入化合物1a(326mg,1mmol),二甲氧基甲烷(858mg,11.3mmol)和5mL二氯甲烷。随后分批多次加入五氧化二磷(71mg,0.5mmol)。常温搅拌5小时,TLC及LC-MS检测反应转化率为50%,将反应液中的不溶固体过滤,并用二氯甲烷洗涤。滤液中的有机溶剂通过减压移除,残留物通过柱层析法纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:3,Rf=0.3)获得目标产物(1S,4R,7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-(甲氧基甲氧基)-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物3,黄色固体(80mg,收率21%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ6.36(s,1H),5.56(s,1H),5.46(s,1H),5.07(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),4.95(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.80(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),3.29(s,3H),3.00(d,J=18.2Hz,1H),2.71(d,J=18.1Hz,1H),2.63(dd,J=13.5,7.2Hz,1H),2.04(dd,J=13.5,6.6Hz,1H),1.06(s,9H).
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=371.1[M+1].
实施例4
(7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物4
(7R,9R,11S)-9-Tert-butyl-9-hydroxy-7-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-3,5,12-trioxatetracyclo[6.6.0.01,11.04,]tetradecane-2,6,13-trione
将1a(978mg,3.0mmol)溶于10ml二甲基亚砜溶液中,冰浴下加入叔丁醇钾(1346.0mg,12.0mmol),加入3-溴丙炔4b(1428.0mg,12.0mmol),随后升至室温25℃反应,反应16小时后,将反应液加入30ml水中水洗,饱和食盐水30ml洗,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干,硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷:丙酮=100:1),得到目标产物(7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物4(褐色固体,120.0mg,产率11.0%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ6.37(s,1H),5.55(s,1H),5.35(s,1H),4.92(t,1H),4.65(dd,1H),4.54(dd,1H),3.59(t,1H),3.00(d,1H),2.70(d,1H),2.59(dd,1H),2.07-1.98(m,1H),1.05(s,9H).
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=365.10[M+1].
实施例5
(7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-[(三甲基硅基)氧基]-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物5
(7R,9R,11S)-9-Tert-butyl-9-hydroxy-7-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-3,5,12-trioxatetracyclo[6.6.0.01,11.04,]tetradecane-2,6,13-trione
将1a(163.1mg,0.5mmol)溶于5ml二氯甲烷溶液中,冰浴下加入三乙胺(101.2mg,1.0mmol),随后加入三甲基氯硅烷5b(81.5mg,0.75mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液5ml和4-二甲氨基吡啶(61.2mg,0.5mmol),随后升至室温25℃反应,反应4小时后,将反应液加入30ml水中水洗,饱和食盐水30ml洗,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥旋干,硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷:丙酮=200:1),得到目标产物(7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-[(三甲基硅基)氧基]-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物5(白色固体,166.0mg,产率83.4%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ6.29(s,1H),5.49(s,1H),5.33(s,1H),4.93(t,1H),2.99(d,1H),2.67-2.55(m,2H),1.98(dd,6.6Hz,1H),1.04(s,9H),0.18(s,9H).
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=399.10[M+1].
实施例6
(7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-[(三乙基硅基)氧基]-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物6
(7R,9R,11S)-9-Tert-butyl-9-hydroxy-7-[(triethylsilyl)oxy]-3,5,12-trioxatetracyclo[6.6.0.01,11.04,]tetradecane-2,6,13-trione
将1a(326.3mg,1.0mmol)溶于5ml二氯甲烷溶液中,冰浴下加入三乙胺(202.4mg,2.0mmol),随后加入三乙基氯硅烷6b(301.4mg,2.0mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液5ml和4-二甲氨基吡啶(244.3mg,2.0mmol),随后升至室温25℃反应,反应4小时后,将反应液加入30ml水中水洗,饱和食盐水30ml洗,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥旋干,硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷:丙酮=50:1),得到目标产物(7R,9R,11S)-9-叔丁基-9-羟基-7-[(三乙基硅基)氧基]-3,5,12-三氧杂四环[6.6.0.01,11.04,]十四烷-2,6,13-三酮化合物6(白色固体,349.0mg,产率79.3%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ6.28(s,1H),5.51(s,1H),5.31(s,1H),4.93(t,1H),2.99(d,1H),2.76-2.58(m,2H),2.01(dd,6.9Hz,1H),1.05(s,9H),0.92(t,9H),0.79-0.64(m,6H).
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=441.20[M+1].
生物学试验
萜内酯衍生物对小鼠的镇静作用
将实验动物20只ICR小鼠随机分为5组,每组4只(购于成都达硕实验动物有限公司,体重22-26g)。实验化合物分别用DMSO+HS-15+NS(1:1:8,v/v/v)溶剂配方溶解。实验组灌胃给药50mg/kg或100mg/kg的化合物,给药体积为10ml/kg;空白对照组灌胃给药10ml/kg的空白溶剂。给药后观察每只动物4h内镇静行为出现和消失的时间。各组实验数据用平均值表示。实验结果如下表所示:
结果与结论:相较于空白对照组,实验组的小鼠在给药后均出现镇静行为,特别是给予小鼠50mg/kg的化合物1,在30分钟内出现镇静行为,持续时间超过160分钟,给予小鼠100mg/kg的化合物5,在接近30分钟出现镇静行为,持续时间超过190分钟;而空白对照组在观察时间内未出现任何的镇静行为,表明本发明的萜内酯衍生物具有制备镇静药物的潜力。
本发明说明书对具体实施方案进行了详细描述,本领域技术人员应认识到,上述实施方案是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,通过对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰获得技术方案也落在本发明的权利要求书的保护范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种通式(II)所示的化合物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、前药、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐或共晶:
其中:
R选自C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、炔基或-Si(R1)3;其中R1选自C1-3烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,或者其立体异构体、溶剂化物、代谢产物、前药、药学上可接受的盐或共晶,其中该化合物选自:
或者
3.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包括:
(1)权利要求1或2所述的化合物或其立体异构体、溶剂化物、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐、共晶或者前药;
(2)任选的一种或者多种其他活性成分;以及
(3)药学上可接受的载体和/或赋形剂。
4.权利要求1或2所述的化合物或者权利要求5所述的药物组合物在制备镇静或者预防和/或治疗与非镇静状态相关的疾病或病症的药物中的应用。
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