CN117003570A - 一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
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- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物及其制备方法，属于陶瓷技术领域，包括碳化硅、粘结剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增韧剂和玄武岩纤维粉，本发明的配方体系中加入玄武岩纤维粉可以增加碳化硅棚板的吸能能力，使得碳化硅棚板更能抵抗外力冲击和变形，玄武岩纤维粉能够降低碳化硅棚板的热膨胀系数，减少在温度变化时可能出现的热应力和变形；纤维的存在可以引导和阻止裂纹的扩展，从而提高碳化硅棚板的断裂韧性和耐损性；玄武岩纤维粉具有良好的吸湿性和多孔结构，它们可以吸收和排出棚板制备过程中的气体和挥发物，减小气孔的生成。其次粘结剂的加入提高碳化硅粉末的成型性能和结合力；表面活性剂和增稠剂的加入用于改善混合和成形过程的流动性和可塑性；增韧剂的加入用于增加棚板的韧性和抗折性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷技术领域，尤其涉及一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
碳化硅棚板是一种由碳化硅材料制成的板状产物。它通常用于高温应用环境中，具有优异的热稳定性和耐腐蚀性。碳化硅棚板的具体特性和优点如下：
耐高温性：碳化硅棚板能够在极高的温度下工作，通常能耐受高达1500℃以上的高温。
优异的热稳定性：碳化硅棚板具有较低的热膨胀系数，使其能够抵抗热应力和热冲击，适用于高温环境中的长期使用。
耐腐蚀性：碳化硅棚板具有出色的化学稳定性，能够抵抗多种酸碱介质的侵蚀，具有较高的耐腐蚀性能。
良好的机械强度：尽管碳化硅是一种脆性材料，碳化硅棚板通常具有较高的机械强度，能够承受一定的负荷和应力。
应用领域：
高温炉具：碳化硅棚板常用于制造高温炉具的隔热层、炉底板和顶盖等部件，以提供热稳定性和隔热性能。
燃烧室和热处理设备：由于其耐高温和耐腐蚀性能，碳化硅棚板可应用于燃烧室内衬、热处理设备和高温窑炉等领域。
化学工业：碳化硅棚板可用于化学反应器、化学槽体和酸碱容器等要求耐腐蚀和高温稳定性的化学工业设备。
太阳能行业：碳化硅棚板也可应用于太阳能领域，例如太阳能炉、光伏设备和热接合等高温应用。
航空航天领域：由于其高温稳定性和轻质特性，碳化硅棚板在航空航天领域中用于制造发动机零部件、导向叶片和热屏障等应用。
随着对超薄碳化硅棚板的追求，碳化硅棚板会出现缺陷或厚度不均匀的问题，更严重的时候还会出现板材的翘曲、变形和表面瑕疵的现象，且超薄碳化硅棚板更容易受到破损。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中碳化硅棚板会出现缺陷或厚度不均匀的问题，更严重的时候还会出现板材的翘曲、变形和表面瑕疵的现象，且超薄碳化硅棚板更容易受到破损的问题，本发明的内容如下：
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其技术点在于，按照重量份数计，包括85-90重量份的碳化硅、1-3重量份的粘结剂、1-3重量份的表面活性剂、0.5-2重量份的增稠剂、0.5-2重量份的增韧剂和2-4重量份的玄武岩纤维粉。
为了更好的实现上述技术方案，本发明的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的碳化硅的中值粒径为60-100nm。
为了更好的实现上述技术方案，本发明的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的粘结剂为环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂和丙烯酸树脂中的至少一种。
为了更好的实现上述技术方案，本发明的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的表面活性剂为甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂、氨基酸类表面活性剂和非离子APG类表面活性剂中的至少一种。
为了更好的实现上述技术方案，本发明的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增稠剂为黄原胶、羟乙基纤维素和卡波姆中的至少一种。
为了更好的实现上述技术方案，本发明的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增韧剂为聚硫橡胶、羧基液体丁腈橡胶和聚醚中的至少一种。
为了更好的实现上述技术方案，本发明的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的玄武岩纤维粉的直径为0.5-25μm，长度为10-100μm。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种超薄碳化硅棚板的制备方法，其技术点在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，按照配方重量百分比称重，将碳化硅、粘结剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增韧剂和玄武岩纤维粉混合搅拌30-40min，得到混合粉料；
步骤二，将步骤一中得到的混合粉料采用振动成型压力机进行压制成型，得到碳化硅素坯；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到的碳化硅素坯在280-320℃下干燥1-3h，然后在65-85℃下继续干燥12-24h；
步骤四，处理后的碳化硅素坯在真空炉内烧制，温度2100-2300℃，时间5-10h，然后在1750-1850℃下保温12-16h，冷却得到碳化硅棚板半成品；
步骤五，使用等离子喷射技术将纳米碳管喷涂至步骤四得到的碳化硅板半成品的表面，得到厚度0.3-0.4μm的超薄碳化硅棚板。
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物及其制备方法有以下有益效果：
本发明的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物包括碳化硅、粘结剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增韧剂和玄武岩纤维粉，本发明的配方体系中加入玄武岩纤维粉可以增加碳化硅棚板的吸能能力，使得碳化硅棚板更能抵抗外力冲击和变形，玄武岩纤维粉能够降低碳化硅棚板的热膨胀系数，减少在温度变化时可能出现的热应力和变形；纤维的存在可以引导和阻止裂纹的扩展，从而提高碳化硅棚板的断裂韧性和耐损性；玄武岩纤维粉具有良好的吸湿性和多孔结构，它们可以吸收和排出棚板制备过程中的气体和挥发物，减小气孔的生成。其次粘结剂的加入提高碳化硅粉末的成型性能和结合力；表面活性剂和增稠剂的加入用于改善混合和成形过程的流动性和可塑性；增韧剂的加入用于增加棚板的韧性和抗折性能。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明具体实施例对本发明技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物包括87.5kg的碳化硅、2kg的粘结剂、2kg的表面活性剂、1.25kg的增稠剂、1.25kg的增韧剂和3kg的玄武岩纤维粉。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的碳化硅的中值粒径为80nm。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的粘结剂为环氧树脂。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的表面活性剂为甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增稠剂为黄原胶。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增韧剂为聚硫橡胶。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的玄武岩纤维粉的直径为13μm，长度为55μm。
按照上述配方，本实施的超薄碳化硅棚板的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，按照配方重量百分比称重，将碳化硅、粘结剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增韧剂和玄武岩纤维粉混合搅拌35min，得到混合粉料；
步骤二，将步骤一中得到的混合粉料采用振动成型压力机进行压制成型，得到碳化硅素坯；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到的碳化硅素坯在300℃下干燥2h，然后在75℃下继续干燥18h；
步骤四，处理后的碳化硅素坯在真空炉内烧制，温度2200℃，时间7.5h，然后在1800℃下保温14h，冷却得到碳化硅棚板半成品；
步骤五，使用等离子喷射技术将纳米碳管喷涂至步骤四得到的碳化硅板半成品的表面，得到厚度0.35μm的超薄碳化硅棚板。
实施例2
一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物包括85kg的碳化硅、1kg的粘结剂、1kg的表面活性剂、0.5kg的增稠剂、0.5kg的增韧剂和2kg的玄武岩纤维粉。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的碳化硅的中值粒径为60nm。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的粘结剂为聚氨酯树脂。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的表面活性剂为氨基酸类表面活性剂种。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增稠剂为羟乙基纤维素。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增韧剂为羧基液体丁腈橡胶。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的玄武岩纤维粉的直径为0.5μm，长度为10μm。
按照上述配方，本实施的超薄碳化硅棚板的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，按照配方重量百分比称重，将碳化硅、粘结剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增韧剂和玄武岩纤维粉混合搅拌30min，得到混合粉料；
步骤二，将步骤一中得到的混合粉料采用振动成型压力机进行压制成型，得到碳化硅素坯；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到的碳化硅素坯在280℃下干燥3h，然后在65℃下继续干燥24h；
步骤四，处理后的碳化硅素坯在真空炉内烧制，温度2100℃，时间10h，然后在1750℃下保温16h，冷却得到碳化硅棚板半成品；
步骤五，使用等离子喷射技术将纳米碳管喷涂至步骤四得到的碳化硅板半成品的表面，得到厚度0.3μm的超薄碳化硅棚板。
实施例3
一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物包括90kg的碳化硅、3kg的粘结剂、3kg的表面活性剂、2kg的增稠剂、2kg的增韧剂和4kg的玄武岩纤维粉。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的碳化硅的中值粒径为100nm。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的粘结剂为丙烯酸树脂。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的表面活性剂为非离子APG类表面活性剂。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增稠剂为卡波姆。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的增韧剂为聚醚。
进一步的，本实施例的超薄碳化硅棚板组合物配方体系中的玄武岩纤维粉的直径为25μm，长度为100μm。
按照上述配方，本实施的超薄碳化硅棚板的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，按照配方重量百分比称重，将碳化硅、粘结剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增韧剂和玄武岩纤维粉混合搅拌40min，得到混合粉料；
步骤二，将步骤一中得到的混合粉料采用振动成型压力机进行压制成型，得到碳化硅素坯；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到的碳化硅素坯在320℃下干燥1h，然后在85℃下继续干燥12h；
步骤四，处理后的碳化硅素坯在真空炉内烧制，温度2300℃，时间5h，然后在1850℃下保温12h，冷却得到碳化硅棚板半成品；
步骤五，使用等离子喷射技术将纳米碳管喷涂至步骤四得到的碳化硅板半成品的表面，得到厚度0.4μm的超薄碳化硅棚板。
对比例1
本对比例将实施例1中的“85kg的碳化硅、1kg的粘结剂、1kg的表面活性剂、0.5kg的增稠剂、0.5kg的增韧剂和2kg的玄武岩纤维粉”改成“85kg的碳化硅、1kg的粘结剂、1kg的表面活性剂、0.5kg的增稠剂、0.5kg的增韧剂”。其余操作同实施例1。
对比例2
本对比例将实施例1中的“85kg的碳化硅、1kg的粘结剂、1kg的表面活性剂、0.5kg的增稠剂、0.5kg的增韧剂和2kg的玄武岩纤维粉”改成“85kg的碳化硅、1kg的粘结剂、1kg的表面活性剂、0.5kg的增稠剂、0.5kg的增韧剂和1kg的玄武岩纤维粉”。其余操作同实施例1。
对比例3
本对比例将实施例1中的“85kg的碳化硅、1kg的粘结剂、1kg的表面活性剂、0.5kg的增稠剂、0.5kg的增韧剂和2kg的玄武岩纤维粉”改成“85kg的碳化硅、1kg的粘结剂、1kg的表面活性剂、0.5kg的增稠剂、0.5kg的增韧剂和5kg的玄武岩纤维粉”。其余操作同实施例1。
试验例
将实施例1-3和对比例1-3制备得到的超薄碳化硅棚板进行性能测试，测试结果见表1：
表1
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明。对于本领域技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其特征在于，按照重量份数计，包括85-90重量份的碳化硅、1-3重量份的粘结剂、1-3重量份的表面活性剂、0.5-2重量份的增稠剂、0.5-2重量份的增韧剂和2-4重量份的玄武岩纤维粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其特征在于，所述碳化硅的中值粒径为60-100nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其特征在于，所述粘结剂为环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂和丙烯酸树脂中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂、氨基酸类表面活性剂和非离子APG类表面活性剂中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其特征在于，所述增稠剂为黄原胶、羟乙基纤维素和卡波姆中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其特征在于，所述增韧剂为聚硫橡胶、羧基液体丁腈橡胶和聚醚中的至少一种。
7.据权利要求1所述的一种超薄碳化硅棚板组合物，其特征在于，所述玄武岩纤维粉的直径为0.5-25μm，长度为10-100μm。
8.根据权利要求1-7任意所述一种超薄碳化硅棚板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，按照配方重量百分比称重，将碳化硅、粘结剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增韧剂和玄武岩纤维粉混合搅拌30-40min，得到混合粉料；
步骤二，将步骤一中得到的混合粉料采用振动成型压力机进行压制成型，得到碳化硅素坯；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到的碳化硅素坯在280-320℃下干燥1-3h，然后在65-85℃下继续干燥12-24h；
步骤四，处理后的碳化硅素坯在真空炉内烧制，温度2100-2300℃，时间5-10h，然后在1750-1850℃下保温12-16h，冷却得到碳化硅棚板半成品；
步骤五，使用等离子喷射技术将纳米碳管喷涂至步骤四得到的碳化硅板半成品的表面，得到厚度0.3-0.4μm的超薄碳化硅棚板。
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