CN116999458A - 一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻药物或饲料添加剂中的应用 - Google Patents
一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻药物或饲料添加剂中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，属于动物疫病防治技术领域。本发明发现了盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘能够有效防治猪、鸡、牛的腹泻病，提高发病动物的成活率。盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘具有制备防治抗动物腹泻药物或饲料添加剂的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于动物疫病防治技术领域，特别涉及一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用。
背景技术
盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘系以盐酸聚六亚甲基胍为载体，加入碘、碘化钾、碘酸钾等螯合而成，以其为主要成份研制的药浴液(中国专利ZL201210322610.4)有效碘含量大、杀菌效力高、稳定性好，在奶牛场乳房炎防治方面得到广泛应用。盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘中的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍是一种白色无定形的阳离子聚合物，易被通常呈负电性的各类细菌、病毒所吸附，从而抑制了细菌病毒的分裂功能，使细菌病毒丧失了生殖能力，加上聚合物形成的薄膜堵塞了微生物的呼吸通道，使微生物迅速窒息而死。盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘克服了现有碘伏(Iodophors)杀菌效力不强、稳定性差的缺点。
动物腹泻是畜牧养殖中最常见的疾病，多种病原如细菌或病毒可造成动物腹泻性疾病,此类疾病的感染主要靶器官是消化道,导致动物营养吸收障碍,肠内容物增多,出现呕吐、腹泻和脱水等临床症状,幼龄动物死亡率极高，尤其是病毒性腹泻疾病因常规抗生素治疗无效而产生更重大的经济损失。药物和疫苗是防治是动物腹泻的常见手段，但是由于细菌的耐药性、病毒的变异等新情况的出现，往往会发生防治无效的现象。鉴于动物腹泻病防治的严峻形势，开发新型的抗腹泻药物具有十分重要的现实意义。研究发现盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘具有抗细菌和抗病毒等作用，目前被用作制备药浴液(中国专利ZL201210322610.4)，用以预防奶牛乳房炎的发生。截止目前，尚未见到有关盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在抗动物腹泻方面的应用。本发明公布了一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治腹泻药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，并探究了其在抵御动物腹泻方面的作用效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在于提供一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘用于防治腹泻具有安全性高、无毒副作用、保护率高等优势。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：
本发明通过动物试验发现盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘能够有效防治断乳仔猪腹泻、雏鸡腹泻和犊牛腹泻等动物腹泻病，降低发病动物的死亡率。
所述的防治动物腹泻药物或饲料添加剂可以为溶液剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂、粉剂等剂型，采用药剂学上常规的制剂方法即可制备而成，如采用下述方法中的一种或几种制成相应剂型：
i将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘10g、稳定剂吐温-20 10mL、注射用水90mL，按比例溶解混匀后制成100mg/mL的溶液剂；
ii将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘10g、葡萄糖10g、羧甲基纤维素钠40g、可溶性淀粉40g，按此比例用常规设备和技术制成盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘含量为10％的丸剂、颗粒剂或片剂；
iii将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘10g、葡萄糖10g、可溶性淀粉80g，按此比例用常规设备和技术制成盐酸聚六亚甲基胍含量为10％的粉剂。
所述的防治动物腹泻药物或饲料添加剂的使用方法为下述方法中的一种或几种：
①将含盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘的溶液剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂等加入到饲料或饮水中，按照10-1000mg/kg体重或饲料的剂量使用。
②预防动物腹泻病时，可以按照10-100mg/kg饲料的添加剂量添加于饲料中。
③临床治疗动物腹泻病时，可以按照100-1000mg/kg体重的剂量将溶液剂经口灌服；或者将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照100-500mg/kg体重剂量直接饲喂；或将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照200-1000mg/kg饲料与日粮混合，添加于饲料中使用，连续使用3-7天。
有益效果
①盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘，安全性高，临床使用可以达到预防动物腹泻病的目的，长期使用也不会导致耐药菌株产生，也不会有其他的毒副作用，这是其他抗病药物所不具备的优点；
②盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘通过抗菌、抗病毒作用，能有效防治动物腹泻，从而降低腹泻病的发生及死亡。盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘作为防治动物具有显著的功效。按10-1000mg/kg体重或饲料的剂量使用经口服或在饲料中添加盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘对断乳仔猪腹泻、雏鸡腹泻、犊牛腹泻的保护率和治愈率达85-100％。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻药物和饲料添加剂中的应用
i原材料准备：称取盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘10g，量取稳定剂吐温-20 10mL、注射用水90mL。
ii配制方法：将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘溶于适量注射用水中，混匀，使其充分溶解，加入稳定剂吐温-20，混匀，最后加入注射用水，补足至100mL，混匀获得一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘溶液剂(100mg/mL)。
iii作为平时预防动物腹泻病时，可以按照10-100mg/kg饲料的添加剂量添加于饲料或饮水中。
iv临床治疗动物腹泻病时，可以按照100-1000mg/kg体重的剂量将溶液剂经口灌服；或者将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照100-500mg/kg体重剂量直接饲喂；或将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照200-1000mg/kg饲料与日粮混合，添加于饲料中使用，连续使用3-7天。
实施例2
盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻药物和饲料添加剂中的应用
i原材料准备：称取盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘10g、葡萄糖10g、羟甲基纤维素40、可溶性淀粉40g。
ii配制方法：将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘、葡萄糖、羧甲基纤维素钠、可溶性淀粉倒入混合制粒机中，混合，加入适量注射用水，混合制粒。
iii将上述颗粒倒入制丸机或颗粒机或压片机中，制成小丸、颗粒或药片。
iv烘干筛分，分装即得相应的丸剂、颗粒剂或片剂。
v作为平时预防动物腹泻病时，可以按照10-100mg/kg饲料的添加剂量添加于饲料或饮水中。
vi临床治疗动物腹泻病时，可以按照100-1000mg/kg体重的剂量将溶液剂经口灌服；或者将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照100-500mg/kg体重剂量直接饲喂；或将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照200-1000mg/kg饲料与日粮混合，添加于饲料中使用，连续使用3-7天。
实施例3
盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻药物和饲料添加剂中的应用
i原材料准备：称取盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘10g、葡萄糖10g、可溶性淀粉8g。
ii配制方法：将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘、葡萄糖、羟甲基纤维素、可溶性淀粉倒入混合机中，混合。
iii筛分，分装即得相应的粉剂。
iv作为平时预防动物腹泻病时，可以按照10-100mg/kg饲料的添加剂量添加于饲料或饮水中。
v临床治疗动物腹泻病时，可以按照100-1000mg/kg体重的剂量将溶液剂经口灌服；或者将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照100-500mg/kg体重剂量直接饲喂；或将丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂或粉剂按照200-1000mg/kg饲料与日粮混合，添加于饲料中使用，连续使用3-7天。
实施例4
盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在防治断乳仔猪腹泻中的应用
本实验通过对临床发病产生腹泻症状的断乳仔猪进行灌服给药，观察不同剂量的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘对断乳仔猪腹泻的治疗作用。选取一猪场自然发病的腹泻断乳仔猪60头，随机分为6组，分别按100mg/kg体重、200mg/kg体重、500mg/kg体重剂量将溶液剂经口灌服给药，对照组用庆大霉素注射液肌肉(5mg/kg体重)注射进行治疗，每天一次，连续给药7天，观察并记录治疗效果。每天定时(早上8点)观察记录仔猪的精神状况、采食情况和粪便。以判定仔猪是否痊愈，连续观察7d。当实验仔猪排粪次数恢复正常，粪便成型，软硬适中；精神、食欲恢复正常，即为治愈。结果7 d内，100mg/kg体重、200mg/kg体重、500mg/kg体重盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘剂量组和庆大霉素注射液对照组(5mg/kg体重)对断乳仔猪腹泻的治愈率分别为90％、100％、100％和90％，说明盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在100mg/kg体重、200mg/kg体重、500mg/kg体重盐酸聚六亚甲基胍剂量时对断乳仔猪腹泻的治疗效果与庆大霉素注射液对照组相当，效果好的在使用第二天腹泻症状即可减轻或消失，功效显著，具有较好的应用前景。
实施例5
盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在防治雏鸡腹泻中的应用
本实验通过对1日龄雏鸡饮水给药，观察盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘对雏鸡腹泻的防治效果。选取一鸡场1日龄雏鸡60羽，随机分为2组，A组为给药组，B组为对照组，每组30只。试验组按10mg/kg体重加入饮水中，混饮，2次/d。对照组不加药物。记录参试雏鸡鸡发病情况和数量，连续观察14日龄。结果给药组1只雏鸡发生腹泻，发病率为3.33％，无死亡。对照组30只雏鸡发生腹泻，发病率为100％，死亡15亡率为50％，可见，盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘对雏鸡腹泻有较好的预防效果，保护率达96.67％。
实施例6
盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在防治犊牛腹泻中的应用
本实验通过对新生犊牛通过饲料进行预防口服给药，观察不同剂量的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘对犊牛腹泻的预防作用。选取一牛场新生健康犊牛30头，随机分为2组，分别为给药组和对照组，每组15只。给药组按100mg/kg饲料剂量将盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘粉剂经饲料给药，对照组饲料中不添加任何药物，连续给药14天，观察并记录防治效果。各组犊牛饲养管理和基础日粮均相同，每天定时(早上8点)观察记录犊牛的精神状况、采食情况和粪便。以判定犊牛是否腹泻，连续观察14天。结果试验期内，给药组无犊牛发生腹泻，发病率为0。对照组9头犊牛发生腹泻，发病率为60％，可见，盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘对犊牛腹泻有较好的预防效果，保护率达100％，应用前景良好。
Claims (7)
1.一种盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻病的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，其特征在于：防治动物腹泻病包括由细菌或病毒引起的腹泻。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻病的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，其特征在于：所述药物或饲料添加剂包括盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘。
3.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻病的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，其特征在于：所述的药物或饲料添加剂为以盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘为有效成分，并添加辅料制成的制剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻病的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，其特征在于：所述制剂采用溶液剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、片剂、粉剂中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻病的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，其特征在于：所述盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘的剂量为10-1000mg/kg体重或饲料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻病的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，其特征在于：预防动物腹泻病时，盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘的剂量为10-100mg/kg体重或饲料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘在制备防治动物腹泻病的药物或饲料添加剂中的应用，其特征在于：治疗动物腹泻病时，盐酸聚六亚甲基胍碘的剂量为100-1000mg/kg体重或饲料，连续使用3-7天。
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