CN116998632A - Additive and feed for promoting fish growth under saline-fresh water culture condition - Google Patents
Additive and feed for promoting fish growth under saline-fresh water culture condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN116998632A CN116998632A CN202310958363.5A CN202310958363A CN116998632A CN 116998632 A CN116998632 A CN 116998632A CN 202310958363 A CN202310958363 A CN 202310958363A CN 116998632 A CN116998632 A CN 116998632A
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- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002515 guano Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 abstract description 24
- 241000269814 Acanthopagrus latus Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000404975 Synchiropus splendidus Species 0.000 description 25
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241001494106 Stenotomus chrysops Species 0.000 description 5
- 241001222097 Xenocypris argentea Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000353172 Oplegnathus fasciatus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001282110 Pagrus major Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an additive for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which comprises the following components: betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1; the additive can play a good role in promoting growth of fishes under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, and remarkably improves the growth performance of the fishes. The invention also discloses a feed for promoting the growth of fish under the condition of saline-fresh water culture; the feed additive has good growth promoting effect on important aquatic economic animals such as grass carp, yellow fin sea bream and the like, and has wide development prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and discloses an additive and a feed for promoting fish growth under a saline-fresh water culture condition.
Background
In recent years, with the development of the aquaculture industry, attempts have been made to use brackish water (referring to water salinity of 1-20 ppt) to cultivate freshwater economic species; moreover, researches show that the edible quality of the freshwater economic fish can be improved by using the freshwater for freshwater culture. However, the conventional freshwater economic fishes are cultivated in the salty freshwater, so that the freshwater fishes cannot adapt to the salinity of the water body, the growth is slowed down and the like, and the production benefit is reduced.
In addition, in the prior art, there are reports about the cultivation of brackish fish such as yellow fin sea bream, tilapia, weever and the like by using salty fresh water.
Therefore, in order to improve the growth performance of fishes under the saline-water culture, the invention hopes to provide an additive and a feed for promoting the growth of fishes under the saline-water culture condition, thereby promoting the health and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry in China.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide an additive for promoting the growth of fish under the condition of the saline-fresh water culture, which can effectively improve the growth performance of fish under the condition of the saline-fresh water culture.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a feed for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture.
The first object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
an additive for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which comprises the following components: betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1.
The fish comprises freshwater fish and guantitous fish; specifically, the freshwater fish can be grass carp, crucian carp, mandarin fish and other fishes, and the guang-salt fish can be yellow fin sea bream, tilapia, weever and other fishes.
Among the components of the additive, linoleic acid has the functions of promoting growth, reducing cholesterol, resisting oxidation, inhibiting fat accumulation and enhancing the immunity of organisms for aquatic animals; vitamin B1 can promote the growth of aquatic animals and has a protective effect on the livers of the aquatic animals; the betaine has the effects of remarkably improving the osmotic pressure regulating capability of aquatic animals, increasing the weight gain rate and improving the survival rate of young fish.
The inventor finds that the additive containing betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1 can exert the effect of promoting growth and simultaneously help fish to better adapt to the culture of salty and fresh water; experiments show that the additive can achieve unexpected excellent effects (particularly, the improvement of the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate) on promoting the growth of fishes according to the saline-fresh water culture conditions, and can greatly reduce the death rate of the saline-fresh water culture freshwater fishes, regardless of the freshwater fishes or the wild-salt fishes.
In addition, the betaine, the linoleic acid and the vitamin B1 are all additives with good safety and have no negative influence on fish and the environment.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the additive comprises 45-55% of betaine, 44.97-54.97% of linoleic acid and 0.02-0.03% of vitamin B1 by mass percent.
More preferably, the additive comprises, in mass percent, 50% betaine, 49.97% linoleic acid and 0.03% vitamin B1.
The preparation process of the additive comprises the following steps: mixing betaine and vitamin B1, pulverizing, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing with linoleic acid to obtain the additive.
The second object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a feed for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which comprises the additive.
Preferably, the additive is added into the feed in an amount of 1.5-2% by mass percent.
More preferably, the additive is added in an amount of 2% by mass.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention combines betaine, vitamin B1 and linoleic acid, and has obvious effect on improving the growth performance of fish under the condition of saline-fresh water culture through synergistic effect.
The additive disclosed by the invention can be used for improving the survival rate of freshwater fish, and the growth performance of freshwater fish under the condition of saline-water culture is better than that of freshwater fish under the condition of existing freshwater culture; for the wild salt fish, the additive provided by the invention can be used in the feed to greatly improve the growth performance of the wild salt fish under the saline-fresh water culture.
In addition, the additive has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, stability and growth promotion, and has wide development prospect in the current application state in the aquaculture industry.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples will be presented. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, substitutions, and combinations made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatus used in the following examples were obtained from conventional commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a feed for promoting the growth of grass carp under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1 according to the mass ratio of 45:54.97:0.03; mixing and crushing betaine and vitamin B1, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and mixing with linoleic acid to obtain an additive for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture;
(2) The additive is added into the commercial grass carp compound feed according to the mass ratio of 1.5 percent and is uniformly mixed, so that the feed for promoting the growth of grass carp under the condition of saline-fresh water culture is obtained.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a feed for promoting the growth of the oplegnathus fasciatus under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1 according to the mass ratio of 50:49.97:0.03; mixing and crushing betaine and vitamin B1, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and mixing with linoleic acid to obtain an additive for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture;
(2) The additive is added into the commercial compound feed of the yellow-fin sea bream according to the mass ratio of 2 percent and is uniformly mixed, so that the feed for promoting the growth of the yellow-fin sea bream under the condition of saline-fresh water culture is obtained.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a feed for promoting the growth of tilapia under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1 according to the mass ratio of 50:49.97:0.03; mixing and crushing betaine and vitamin B1, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and mixing with linoleic acid to obtain an additive for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture;
(2) The additive is added into the commercial tilapia compound feed according to the mass ratio of 2 percent and is uniformly mixed, so that the feed for promoting the growth of the tilapia under the condition of saline-fresh water culture is obtained.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a feed for promoting the growth of mandarin fish under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1 according to the mass ratio of 45:54.97:0.03; mixing and crushing betaine and vitamin B1, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and mixing with linoleic acid to obtain an additive for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture;
(2) The additive is added into the commercial mandarin fish compound feed according to the mass ratio of 1.5 percent and is uniformly mixed, so that the feed for promoting the growth of the mandarin fish under the condition of saline-fresh water culture is obtained.
Comparative example 1
This example provides a grass carp feed, which differs from example 1 in that the additive of step (1) consists of the following components in the following proportions: 100% linoleic acid, and step (2) is the same.
Comparative example 2
This example provides a feed for oplegnathus fasciatus, which differs from example 2 in that the additive in step (1) consists of the following components in the following proportions: 100% linoleic acid, and step (2) is the same.
Comparative example 3
The present example provides a tilapia feed, which differs from example 3 in that the additive of step (1) consists of the following components in the following proportions: 100% linoleic acid, and step (2) is the same.
Comparative example 4
The embodiment provides a mandarin fish feed, which is different from embodiment 4 in that the additive in step (1) is composed of the following components in proportion: 100% linoleic acid, and step (2) is the same.
Example 5 grass carp farming test
Selecting grass carp with the same physical health and specification, initial weight of 46.14+ -1.66 g and average body length of 13.87+ -0.86 cm, and dividing 540 grass carp into six test groups;
six test groups were cultivated for 8 weeks in different water salinity (0 and 2 ppt) using the grass carp feed of example 1, comparative example 1 and commercial grass carp compound feed, respectively; each set of experiments was repeated 3 times.
The experimental device consisted of 18 cultivation barrels with a diameter of 1.5m, each cultivation barrel having 30 fish.
During the experiment, monitoring the water quality, discharging pollution every day and ensuring that the dissolved oxygen is sufficient and the PH value is proper; the grass carp feed is fed for 2 times a day (8 am and 6 pm), and the daily feeding amount is 3% of the weight of the grass carp.
The results of the statistical growth data after the cultivation are shown in Table 1.
Weight gain (%) = (end average weight-initial average weight)/initial average weight×100%
Specific growth rate (%) = (ln end average weight-ln initial average weight)/cultivation days×100%
Liver mass ratio (%) = liver weight/end mean weight x 100%
Survival (%) = final/initial number x 100%
TABLE 1 cultivation test results of different grass carp feeds
From the results in table 1, it can be seen that: under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, the growth performance of grass carp is reduced by adopting commercial grass carp compound feed for culture; by adopting the grass carp feed of the embodiment 1 for cultivation, the growth performance of the grass carp under the condition of saline-fresh water cultivation is not reduced, even better than that under the condition of fresh water cultivation, and the survival rate of the grass carp under the condition of saline-fresh water cultivation is improved.
In addition, the grass carp feed of example 1 has a significantly better growth promoting effect on grass carp under both fresh water and salty fresh water aquaculture conditions, although the grass carp feed of comparative example 1 also has a certain growth promoting effect, compared with the commercial grass carp compound feed.
The result shows that the combination of the specific vitamin component (vitamin B1), the specific antioxidant (linoleic acid) and the specific osmotic pressure regulator (betaine) can play a more excellent role, and effectively improve the growth performance and the survival rate of the cultured grass carp under the condition of salty and fresh water; in other words, the additive disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the growth performance and survival rate of traditional freshwater economic fish cultured under the condition of salty freshwater.
Example 6 cultivation test of Pagrus major
Selecting the yellow fin sea bream with healthy constitution, consistent specification, initial weight of 2.42+ -0.18 g and average body length of 3.87+ -0.86 cm, and dividing 540 yellow fin sea bream into six test groups.
The six test groups were cultured in different water salinity (4 and 16 ppt) for 8 weeks using the yellow-fin porgy feed of example 2, comparative example 2, and a commercial yellow-fin porgy compound feed, respectively; each set of experiments was repeated 3 times.
The experimental device consisted of 18 cultivation barrels with a diameter of 1.5m, each cultivation barrel having 30 fish.
During the experiment, the water quality is monitored, pollution is discharged every day, the dissolved oxygen is ensured to be sufficient, and the PH value is proper; the feeding is carried out 2 times a day (8 am and 6 pm), and the daily feeding amount is 3% of the weight of the yellow fin sea bream.
The results of the statistical growth data after the cultivation are shown in Table 2.
Weight gain (%) = (end average weight-initial average weight)/initial average weight×100%
Specific growth rate (%) = (ln end average weight-ln initial average weight)/cultivation days×100%
Liver mass ratio (%) = liver weight/end mean weight x 100%
Survival (%) = final/initial number x 100%
TABLE 2 results of cultivation tests of different feeds for yellow fin sea bream
From the results in table 2, it can be seen that: under the condition of saline-water culture, compared with the commercial compound feed for the yellow-fin porgy, the feed for the yellow-fin porgy in the embodiment 2 has excellent effect on improving the growth performance of the yellow-fin porgy. The results show that the combination of the specific vitamin component (vitamin B1), the specific antioxidant (linoleic acid) and the specific osmotic pressure regulator (betaine) can play a more excellent role in promoting growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, and the growth performance of the raised yellow-fin sea bream is greatly improved.
Example 7 Tilapia culture test
Selecting tilapia with the same physical health and specification, initial weight of 46.14+ -1.66 g and average body length of 13.87+ -0.86 cm, and dividing 540 tilapia into six test groups;
the tilapia feed of example 3, comparative example 3 and the commercial tilapia compound feed were cultivated in six test groups at different salinity (0 and 16 ppt) for 8 weeks, respectively; each set of experiments was repeated 3 times.
The experimental device consisted of 18 cultivation barrels with a diameter of 1.5m, each cultivation barrel having 30 fish.
During the experiment, the water quality is monitored, pollution is discharged every day, the dissolved oxygen is ensured to be sufficient, and the PH value is proper; the feeding is carried out 2 times a day (8 am and 6 pm), and the daily feeding amount is 3% of the body weight of the tilapia.
The results of the statistical growth data after the cultivation are shown in Table 3.
Weight gain (%) = (end average weight-initial average weight)/initial average weight×100%
Specific growth rate (%) = (ln end average weight-ln initial average weight)/cultivation days×100%
Liver mass ratio (%) = liver weight/end mean weight x 100%
Survival (%) = final/initial number x 100%
TABLE 3 results of cultivation tests of different tilapia feeds
From the results in table 3, it can be seen that: under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, the growth performance of the tilapia is reduced by adopting the commercial tilapia compound feed for culture; the tilapia feed in the embodiment 3 is adopted for cultivation, so that the growth performance of the tilapia under the condition of salty and fresh water cultivation is not reduced, and is even better than that under the condition of fresh water cultivation; the additive provided by the invention can ensure that tilapia has better growth performance under the saline-fresh water culture condition.
The results show that the combination of the specific vitamin component (vitamin B1), the specific antioxidant (linoleic acid) and the specific osmotic pressure regulator (betaine) can play a more excellent role, and the growth performance of the tilapia fed under the condition of salty and fresh water is greatly improved.
Example 8 Mandarin fish culture test
Selecting mandarin fish with the same physical health and specification, initial weight of 44.08+ -11.23 g and average body length of 12.36+ -0.99 cm, and dividing 540 mandarin fish into six test groups;
the six test groups were cultured for 8 weeks in different water salinity (0 and 3 ppt) using the mandarin fish feed of example 4, comparative example 4, and the commercial mandarin fish compound feed, respectively; each set of experiments was repeated 3 times.
The experimental device consisted of 18 cultivation barrels with a diameter of 1.5m, each cultivation barrel having 30 fish.
During the experiment, monitoring the water quality, discharging pollution every day and ensuring that the dissolved oxygen is sufficient and the PH value is proper; the mandarin fish is fed for 2 times daily (8 am and 6 pm), and the daily feeding amount is 3% of the weight of mandarin fish.
The results of the statistical growth data after the cultivation are shown in Table 4.
Weight gain (%) = (end average weight-initial average weight)/initial average weight×100%
Specific growth rate (%) = (ln end average weight-ln initial average weight)/cultivation days×100%
Liver mass ratio (%) = liver weight/end mean weight x 100%
Survival (%) = final/initial number x 100%
TABLE 4 cultivation test results of different Mandarin fish feeds
From the results in table 4, it can be seen that: under the condition of salty and fresh water culture, the growth performance of mandarin fish is reduced by adopting a commercial mandarin fish compound feed for culture; compared with the commercial compound feed for the mandarin fish, when the mandarin fish feed of the embodiment 4 is adopted for cultivation, the growth performance of the mandarin fish under the saline-fresh water cultivation condition is obviously improved, and the growth performance is even better than that of the mandarin fish cultivated under the fresh water cultivation condition by adopting the commercial compound feed; moreover, the mandarin fish feed of the embodiment 4 improves the survival rate of mandarin fish under the condition of saline-fresh water culture.
In addition, compared with the mandarin fish compound feed sold in the market, the mandarin fish feed of the comparative example 4 has a certain growth promoting effect, but the effect is far inferior to that of the mandarin fish feed of the example 4.
The result shows that the combination of the specific vitamin component (vitamin B1), the specific antioxidant (linoleic acid) and the specific osmotic pressure regulator (betaine) can play a more excellent role, and the growth performance and the survival rate of the cultured mandarin fish under the condition of salty and fresh water are effectively improved; in other words, the additive disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the growth performance and survival rate of traditional freshwater economic fish cultured under the condition of salty freshwater.
Claims (6)
1. An additive for promoting fish growth under the condition of saline-fresh water culture, which is characterized by comprising the following components: betaine, linoleic acid and vitamin B1.
2. The additive of claim 1, wherein the fish comprises freshwater fish and guano fish.
3. The additive according to claim 2, characterized by comprising 45-55% betaine, 44.97-54.97% linoleic acid and 0.02-0.03% vitamin B1 by mass percent.
4. The additive according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process is: mixing betaine and vitamin B1, pulverizing, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing with linoleic acid to obtain the additive.
5. A feed for promoting fish growth under brackish water farming conditions, comprising the additive of any one of claims 1-4.
6. The feed according to claim 5, wherein the additive is added in an amount of 1.5 to 2% by mass.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310958363.5A CN116998632A (en) | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-01 | Additive and feed for promoting fish growth under saline-fresh water culture condition |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310958363.5A CN116998632A (en) | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-01 | Additive and feed for promoting fish growth under saline-fresh water culture condition |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116998632A true CN116998632A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310958363.5A Pending CN116998632A (en) | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-01 | Additive and feed for promoting fish growth under saline-fresh water culture condition |
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- 2023-08-01 CN CN202310958363.5A patent/CN116998632A/en active Pending
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