CN111034877A - Open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish - Google Patents
Open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN111034877A CN111034877A CN201911260037.7A CN201911260037A CN111034877A CN 111034877 A CN111034877 A CN 111034877A CN 201911260037 A CN201911260037 A CN 201911260037A CN 111034877 A CN111034877 A CN 111034877A
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- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 title claims description 28
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241001672739 Artemia salina Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 35
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 abstract description 19
- 241000238582 Artemia Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 102000004142 Trypsin Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108090000631 Trypsin Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001543 one-way ANOVA Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000238016 Cherax Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000168096 Glareolidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000556 factor analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于红螯螯虾的开口饲料，含有以下重量百分比成分：人工配合饲料：70~88%；冰冻卤虫：10~28%；螺旋藻粉：1~5%。本发明的一种适用于红螯螯虾的开口饲料，在市售人工配合饲料的基础上，经过进一步优化、改进，可显著提高红螯螯虾虾苗的成活率、生长速度，并有效增加虾苗体重，有助于推动红螯螯虾养殖产业的规模化发展。The invention discloses an open feed suitable for red crayfish, comprising the following components by weight: artificial compound feed: 70-88%; frozen Artemia: 10-28%; spirulina powder: 1-5%. The open feed suitable for the red crayfish of the present invention is further optimized and improved on the basis of the commercially available artificial compound feed, which can significantly improve the survival rate and growth rate of the red crayfish fry, and effectively increase the The weight of shrimp fry will help promote the large-scale development of the red crayfish farming industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture,
in particular, the invention relates to an open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish.
Background
The red swamp crayfish is a rare shrimp belonging to Crustacea in classificationCrustaoea) The ten-foot eyes (1)Decapoda) Procambaridae (A) and BParastacidae) Genus Phoenix (A)Cherax) The shrimp meat has the advantages of large individual size, high growth speed, high edible proportion, delicious and tender meat quality and the like, is favored by domestic breeding enterprises and consumers immediately after being introduced into China in the early 90 s, and is recommended to be one of the first-choice shrimp varieties with adjusted industrial variety structures and increased income and richness of fishermen. In recent years, procambarus clarkia (Procambarus clarkii) The market quotation of the isochelronous shrimps in China is continuously increased, the industrial scale of the red chelonian shrimps is rapidly enlarged, and the red chelonian shrimps are expected to become a new domestic new large-scale breeding variety following the procambarus clarkii.
However, since the individual of the red crayfish after the emergence of the seedlings is small, the adaptability to the external environment and the resistance and the ability to avoid the enemy are weak, the red crayfish is generally cultured to a certain specification and then put into a culture pond for culture, but the survival rate of the red crayfish is reduced due to the self-killing habit of the red crayfish in the intermediate culture process, and particularly the red crayfish is easy to eat by the same species in the molting stage. Therefore, how to improve certain technical parameters of intermediate cultivation aiming at the habit of the fry, and through the optimization of the fry culture process, the loss is reduced, the fry survival rate and the growth rate are improved, the growth and survival conditions are improved, and the large-size fry cultivation technology is perfected, which is one of the key problems of further improving the quality and the batch supply capacity of the crayfish fries and promoting the industrial development of the crayfish.
Researchers at home and abroad have fully proved that the feed, particularly the starter feed, has great influence on the survival and growth of the shrimps through a large amount of research, and sufficient bait supply and excellent nutritional conditions are important factors for promoting the growth of the shrimps. However, the artificial compound feed which is currently on the market as a shrimp larvae starter feed is still not ideal in the aspects of improving the survival rate and the growth rate of shrimp larvae and increasing the weight of the shrimp larvae, and is difficult to meet the requirements of farmers, and the commonly used special micro-particle compound feed for the shrimp larvae is suitable for the stage of the shrimp larvae, has an excessively small particle size, and is not suitable for feeding the juvenile procambarus clarkii with the body length of more than 1 cm. Meanwhile, the addition of animal baits such as artemia and plant baits such as spirulina is relatively lacked, and the nutritional requirements of the juvenile shrimps cannot be fully met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the researchers of the invention develop an open feed suitable for the red swamp crayfish through long-term and mass production practice.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 70-88%;
freezing artemia salina: 10-28%;
spirulina powder: 1 to 5 percent.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 78-86%;
freezing artemia salina: 12-20%;
spirulina powder: 1 to 3 percent.
More preferably, the following components in percentage by weight are contained:
artificial compound feed: 85 percent;
freezing artemia salina: 14 percent;
spirulina powder: 1 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
the open feed suitable for the juvenile crayfishes of the red swamp crayfishes is further optimized and improved on the basis of the commercial artificial compound feed aiming at the nutritional requirements and the ingestion preference of the juvenile crayfishes of the red swamp crayfishes, so that the survival rate and the growth speed of the juvenile crayfishes of the red swamp crayfishes can be obviously improved, the weight of the juvenile crayfishes can be effectively increased, and the large-scale development of the breeding industry of the red swamp crayfishes can be promoted.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides an open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 85 percent;
freezing artemia salina: 14 percent;
spirulina powder: 1 percent.
Weighing the artificial mixed feed, the spirulina powder and the frozen artemia with different weights according to the proportion, mixing the three uniformly, and pouring the mixture into a feed processing machine to prepare mixed feed with the particle size of 1mm, thus preparing the hatch feed A suitable for the red crayfish.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides an open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 75 percent;
freezing artemia salina: 20 percent;
spirulina powder: 5 percent.
Weighing the artificial mixed feed, the spirulina powder and the frozen artemia with different weights according to the proportion, mixing the three uniformly, and pouring the mixture into a feed processing machine to prepare mixed feed with the particle size of 1mm, thus preparing the open-end feed B suitable for the red crayfish.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 of the invention provides an open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 71 percent;
freezing artemia salina: 26 percent;
spirulina powder: 3 percent.
Weighing the artificial mixed feed, the spirulina powder and the frozen artemia with different weights according to the proportion, mixing the three uniformly, and pouring the mixture into a feed processing machine to prepare mixed feed with the particle size of 1mm, thus preparing the starter feed C suitable for the red crayfish.
The artificial compound feed is a special micro-particle compound feed for shrimp larvae, is purchased from Qingyuan seashell biotechnology limited company, is suitable for the shrimp larvae stage, and has the product specification of 1# material and the particle size of less than 0.2 mm; the frozen artemia are purchased from coastal courser breeding companies and are frozen and preserved fairy shrimp; spirulina powder was purchased from Jiebao aquatic products, Inc. of Harbin.
Application example
The application example of the invention provides a method for verifying the influence of the hatch feed suitable for the red swamp crayfish prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 on the growth condition of the fry of the red swamp crayfish. The specific process is as follows:
1. selecting shrimp larvae: the shrimp larvae are taken from a comprehensive test base of fresh water aquatic product institute in Zhejiang province, and the specifications of the shrimp larvae are basically consistent: the average body weight was 0.024g, and the average total length was 9.075 + -0.899 mm measured from 100 random samples.
2. The feeding and measuring method comprises the following steps:
3 groups of mixed feed A, B, C prepared in examples 1-3 of the invention were selected, and 5 groups of feed combinations (table 1) were set in total with pure artificial formula feed D and frozen artemia E as controls, with 3 groups in parallel. Selecting young shrimps with newly emerged seedlings and consistent specifications, and placing the young shrimps into 15 water tanks (the bottom area is 0.4 m)2) The shrimp density is 1500 per m2(600 water is put into each water tank), siphon water change is carried out every day, and feeding is carried out once in the evening, the feeding amount is about 3 percent of the total weight of the shrimps, the feeding amount and the environmental conditions of each group are the same, and other management is consistent with the actual seedling production. After 10 days of cultivation, the average weight and average total length of each group (30 pieces of each group) are measured, and the survival rate, the weight growth rate and the total length increase rate are counted. Wherein the survival rate = number of young shrimps/600 × 100%, the weight gain rate = (terminal average weight-initial weight)/initial weight × 100%, the full length gain rate = (terminal average full length-initial full length)/initial full length × 100%.
Randomly selecting young shrimps of each group after 10 days of culture, homogenizing, centrifuging at 3000 r/min for 10 min at 4 ℃, taking supernatant, and measuring total protein content, pepsin activity and trypsin activity. The determination kit is a product of Nanjing institute of bioengineering. Pepsin: each mg of tissue protein at 37 ℃ decomposes protein per minute to 1. mu.g of amino acids corresponding to 1 unit of enzyme activity. Trypsin: one unit of enzyme activity is obtained by increasing the absorbance by 0.003 per minute per mg of trypsin contained therein.
The results are expressed as mean. + -. standard error (X. + -. SE) and analyzed using SPSS 17.0 statistical software using one-factor analysis of variance(One-way ANOVA) to test the significance of differences between experimental groups ((One-way ANOVA))P<0.05 was significantly different).
3. And (4) verification result:
through respectively feeding the young shrimps with different types of feeds, the survival rate is counted after 10 days of cultivation, the survival rate of the group A and the survival rate of the group E are higher, wherein the group A has the highest survival rate, and the survival rate of the group B, C, D is lower, namely, the artificial compound feed 85% + 14% + spirulina powder 1% and the pure freezing artemia group can obtain higher survival rate, wherein the former obtains the highest survival rate which reaches more than 40%, and the rest components have lower survival rate (Table 2).
Through respectively feeding the juvenile shrimps with different types of feeds, the weight growth rate and the full-length increase rate are counted after 10 days of cultivation, the obtained result is similar to the survival rate result, the A group and the E group have higher weight growth rate and full-length increase rate, the B, C group is arranged, the growth speed of the D group is slowest, namely the artificial mixed feed 85% + the frozen artemia 14% + the spirulina powder 1% group and the pure frozen artemia group obtain faster growth speed, the weight growth rate reaches 50%, the full-length increase rate reaches more than 42%, and the pure artificial mixed feed group has slower growth speed (Table 2).
After the activity of pepsin of young shrimps is measured, the pepsin activity of the A group is higher, the pepsin activity of the E group, the B, C group and the D group is the lowest, wherein, the pepsin activity of the A group is obviously higher than that of the D group (the activity of the pepsin of the A group is obviously higher than that of the D group)P<0.05), the difference of other groups is not obvious, namely the artificial compound feed 85% + the frozen artemia 14% + the spirulina powder 1% of the group juvenile shrimps have higher pepsin activity; after the activity of trypsin of young shrimps is measured, the trypsin activity of the group A is higher, then the trypsin activity of the group E, D, C and the trypsin activity of the group B is the lowest, wherein the pepsin activity of the group A is obviously higher than that of the group B（P<0.05), the difference of other groups is not obvious, namely the artificial compound feed 85% + the frozen artemia 14% + the spirulina powder 1% of the group juvenile shrimps have higher trypsin activity. Therefore, juvenile shrimps fed with 85% + 14% of frozen artemia + 1% of spirulina powder on the whole had higher pepsin and trypsin activities (table 3).
4. And (4) conclusion: compared with a pure artificial mixed feed, the open feed suitable for the red swamp crayfish prepared in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention has advantages in the survival rate of shrimp larvae, the weight gain rate and the overall length gain rate, and particularly, the group A feed prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention, namely the artificial mixed feed of 85% + 14% of frozen artemia salina + 1% of spirulina powder, is used as the open feed, so that the juvenile crayfish has the highest survival rate, the fastest growth and easier digestion and absorption, and is suitable for being popularized and applied as the open feed of the red swamp crayfish.
The starter feed suitable for the red swamp crayfish can obviously improve the survival rate and the growth speed of the young red swamp crayfish and effectively increase the weight of the young red swamp crayfish through further optimization and improvement on the basis of the commercial artificial compound feed, and is beneficial to promoting the large-scale development of the breeding industry of the red swamp crayfish.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The starter feed suitable for the red swamp crayfish is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 70-88%;
freezing artemia salina: 10-28%;
spirulina powder: 1 to 5 percent.
2. The starter feed for the red swamp crayfish according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 78-86%;
freezing artemia salina: 12-20%;
spirulina powder: 1 to 3 percent.
3. The starter feed for the red swamp crayfish according to claim 2, wherein the starter feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
artificial compound feed: 85 percent;
freezing artemia salina: 14 percent;
spirulina powder: 1 percent.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911260037.7A CN111034877A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911260037.7A CN111034877A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Open feed suitable for red swamp crayfish |
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| CN111034877A true CN111034877A (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114158659A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-11 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Composite preparation for improving immunity of juvenile procambarus clarkia and using method thereof |
| CN116508885A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Indoor coarse-standard bait mixing additive suitable for young red-clarkia |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105325767A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 颍上县润海畜禽养殖有限公司 | Young chrtax quadricarinatus feed |
| CN107372252A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-24 | 大连海洋大学 | Extra large huge legendary turtle shrimp offspring seed cultivation method |
| CN108740601A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏螯龙水产养殖科技有限公司 | A kind of red claw crayfish intensive culture functional living being feed and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-12-10 CN CN201911260037.7A patent/CN111034877A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105325767A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 颍上县润海畜禽养殖有限公司 | Young chrtax quadricarinatus feed |
| CN107372252A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-24 | 大连海洋大学 | Extra large huge legendary turtle shrimp offspring seed cultivation method |
| CN108740601A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏螯龙水产养殖科技有限公司 | A kind of red claw crayfish intensive culture functional living being feed and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114158659A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-11 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Composite preparation for improving immunity of juvenile procambarus clarkia and using method thereof |
| CN116508885A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Indoor coarse-standard bait mixing additive suitable for young red-clarkia |
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Application publication date: 20200421 |
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