CN116917526A - 由奥氏体构成的合金、坯件、构件以及用于对奥氏体进行热处理的方法 - Google Patents

由奥氏体构成的合金、坯件、构件以及用于对奥氏体进行热处理的方法 Download PDF

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CN116917526A
CN116917526A CN202180073400.3A CN202180073400A CN116917526A CN 116917526 A CN116917526 A CN 116917526A CN 202180073400 A CN202180073400 A CN 202180073400A CN 116917526 A CN116917526 A CN 116917526A
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托尔斯滕·内德迈尔
博拉·科奇德米尔
阿克塞尔·布勃利茨
卡斯滕·科尔克
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Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Abstract

一种由奥氏体构成的合金、坯件、构件以及一种方法。通过新的合金可以在较高温度下使用奥氏体,其中也应用新的热处理。

Description

由奥氏体构成的合金、坯件、构件以及用于对奥氏体进行热处 理的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种奥氏体合金、一种坯件以及一种方法,所述坯件尤其通过锻造制造并且适合于高温应用中的构件。
背景技术
根据应用条件,用于涡轮机、尤其燃气轮机的转子的锻造盘迄今为止由不同的锻造钢制造。因此,NiCrMoV用于压缩机盘或CrMoWVNbN用于涡轮盘。
应用条件和设计要求对于锻造材料的选择是决定性的。
对于锻造材料的选择,总是需要确保强度和韧性的平衡,以便遵循设计要求。
对于较高的使用温度,当前不存在具有奥氏体钢的解决方案。
当前考虑改用镍盘。借助于所述镍盘,大于923K的使用温度应是可行的。
遗憾的是,这种构件具有以下缺点,即:
-与由钢构成的盘相比,具有非常高的成本,
-在生产中具有更长的加工时间。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是解决上述问题。
所述目的通过根据权利要求1所述的合金、根据权利要求2所述的坯件和根据权利要求3所述的构件以及根据权利要求9所述的方法来实现。
在从属权利要求中列出其他有利的措施,所述措施能够任意彼此组合。
在蒸汽轮机的情况下,A286标准合金长久以来被评估用于叶片。在此示出材料A286标准自身具有直至923K的使用潜力。
但是遗憾的是,强度过低。
最近的考虑示出,通过适配化学、尤其通过提高锰份额(Mn)、钛含量(Ti)和/或钼含量以及减少硅份额(Si),实现所需的强度。
参照强度-韧性平衡和切口灵敏度,对坯件执行不同的热处理。
根据本发明,执行以下热处理(HT):
一般而言并且专门针对根据本发明的合金的主题,将退火(Annealing[AN])以及不同的时效处理作为用于奥氏体的热处理(Aging[AG]):
提供以下变型方案作为热处理:
·在1253K下的固熔处理和仅在993K下的时效处理;
·在基于第一变型方案的第二变型方案中,附加地在953K下的第二时效处理;
·在第三变型方案中在1253K下的第一固熔退火、在1033K下的第一时效处理和在993K下的第二时效处理;
·在第四变型方案中在1253K下的第一固熔退火、在993K下的第一时效处理和在1033K下的第二时效处理以及在953KC下的第三时效处理;
·在第五变型方案中在1253K下的第一固熔退火、在1033K下的第一时效处理、在993K下的第二时效处理和在953K下的第三时效处理;
·在第六变型方案中在1293K下的第一固熔退火、在1033K下的第一时效处理和在923K下的第二时效处理。
除了作为燃气轮机中的铸造盘的应用之外,可考虑其他应用,包括:
-燃气轮机叶片,
-燃气轮机环,
-蒸汽轮机叶片,或
-作为蒸汽轮机锻造部件。
优点是:
-与昂贵的镍基材料相比,扩展廉价的铁基合金的使用范围,
-与镍基材料相比,铁基转子构件的更快的可加工性,
-高合金铁基合金的结构、生产和制造中的经验能够大部分采用。这有助于所有概率性的方案,
-应用温度能够提高从而实现机器的效率提高和性能提高,而无需外部冷却。
奥氏体钢具有以下组成:
合金,所述合金具有(以重量%为单位):
可选地:
尤其由其构成。
根据现有技术由这种合金浇铸坯件并且根据现有技术锻造。

Claims (17)

1.一种合金,
所述合金具有以下各项(以重量%为单位),尤其由它们构成:
可选地,
其余铁
以及不可避免的杂质。
2.一种坯件,
尤其作为锻造件,
所述坯件具有铁基合金,
所述铁基合金具有以下各项(以重量%为单位):
可选地,
以及不可避免的杂质。
3.一种构件,
所述构件具有铁基合金,
所述铁基合金具有以下各项(以重量%为单位):
可选地,
以及不可避免的杂质。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的合金、坯件或构件,
所述合金、所述坯件或所述构件具有0.02重量%的碳(C)。
5.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的合金、坯件或构件,
所述合金、所述坯件或所述构件具有0.03重量%至0.08重量%的碳(C)。
6.根据权利要求1、2或3中的一项或多项所述的合金、坯件或构件,
所述合金、所述坯件或所述构件具有2.5重量%的钛(Ti)。
7.根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5中的一项或多项所述的合金、坯件或构件,
所述合金、所述坯件或所述构件具有2.0重量%至2.3重量%的钛(Ti)。
8.根据权利要求3、4、5、6或7中的一项或多项所述的构件,
所述构件是转子盘,或
涡轮叶片,或
涡轮环,
尤其各一个燃气轮机的转子盘,或
涡轮叶片,或
涡轮环,或
蒸汽轮机叶片,或
蒸汽轮机锻造件,
并且尤其借助于根据权利要求9至14中的一项或多项所述的热处理。
9.一种用于对奥氏体、尤其对根据权利要求2、3、4、5、6、7或8中的一项或多项所述的坯件或构件进行热处理的方法,
所述方法具有:
在至少1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少993K下的第一时效处理,
可选地,
在至少923K下的第二时效处理,
尤其低于所述第一时效处理的温度至少30K,
可选地,
在至少953K下的第三时效处理,
所述第三时效处理低于所述第二时效处理的温度至少30K,尤其在953K下。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,
所述方法具有:
在1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少993K下、尤其在993K下的第一时效处理,
可选地,
第二时效处理和/或第三时效处理。
11.根据权利要求9所述的方法,
所述方法具有:
在1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少1033K下、尤其在1033K下的第一时效处理,
可选地,
第二时效处理和/或第三时效处理。
12.根据权利要求9所述的方法,
所述方法具有:
在1293K下的固熔退火,
在至少1033K下、尤其在1033K下的第一时效处理,
可选地,
第二时效处理和/或第三时效处理。
13.根据权利要求9、10、11或12中的一项或多项所述的方法,
所述方法具有:
在至少1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少993K下的第一时效处理,
在至少923K下、尤其在923K下的第二时效处理,
可选地,第三时效处理。
14.根据权利要求9、10、11或12中的一项或多项所述的方法,
所述方法具有:
在至少1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少993K下的第一时效处理,
在至少923K下的第二时效处理,
可选地,在953K下的第三时效处理。
15.根据权利要求9、10、11、12、13或14中的一项或多项所述的方法,
所述方法由如下各项构成:
在至少1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少993K下的第一时效处理。
16.根据权利要求9、10、11、12、13或14中的一项或多项所述的方法,
所述方法由如下各项构成:
在至少1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少993K下的第一时效处理,
在至少923K下的第二时效处理。
17.根据权利要求9、10、11、12、13或14中的一项或多项所述的方法,
所述方法由如下各项构成:
在至少1253K下的固熔退火,
在至少993K下的第一时效处理,
在至少923K下的第二时效处理,
以及在至少953K下的第三时效处理。
CN202180073400.3A 2020-10-28 2021-09-01 由奥氏体构成的合金、坯件、构件以及用于对奥氏体进行热处理的方法 Pending CN116917526A (zh)

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US20240327941A1 (en) 2024-10-03
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