CN116903155B - Water quality improver, preparation method thereof and water maintenance method - Google Patents
Water quality improver, preparation method thereof and water maintenance method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116903155B CN116903155B CN202311176747.8A CN202311176747A CN116903155B CN 116903155 B CN116903155 B CN 116903155B CN 202311176747 A CN202311176747 A CN 202311176747A CN 116903155 B CN116903155 B CN 116903155B
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- UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[K+].[Fe+3] UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a water quality improver which comprises a carrier, furanone, dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and an oxidation type bottom modifying agent which are carried by the carrier. In the water quality improver, the bacterial community structure is adjusted through the oxidation type bottom modifying agent, and the anaerobic fermentation bacterial biomass on the surface of sediment is reduced, so that anaerobic respiration gas production is reduced to drive mud skin to float upwards; the furanone, the dihydropyrrolone and the N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone are utilized to continuously control the microbial quantity and further inhibit the adhesion of microorganisms to form a polymer, so that the generated gas can escape rapidly, the upward buoyancy of the mud skin is reduced, the generation of bubbles necessary for the upward floating of the periwinkle biological mud skin is fundamentally reduced, and the problem of landscape deterioration caused by the upward floating of the periwinkle biological mud skin on the water surface is solved. Also provides a preparation method of the water quality improver and a water maintenance method using the water quality improver.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of ecological restoration of surface water, and particularly relates to a water quality improver for preventing surface water periphyton mud skin from floating upwards, a preparation method thereof and a water body maintenance method using the water quality improver.
Background
In aquatic ecosystems, organisms easily grow on the surface of various media (such as submerged plants, stakes, stones, etc.) submerged in water, and the clusters of these organisms are periphyton, periphyton ownersIs a micro-composite polymer composed of heterologous algae, bacteria, extracellular polysaccharide, scraps and the like. The periphyton environment is often reducing, there is often oxygen in the aqueous layer above the sediment, and the oxygen content in the surface layer of the sediment is suddenly dropped within a few millimeters, and bacterial fermentation is often found in the layer interface, the end product of which includes CO 2 、H 2 S、CH 4 And volatile fatty acids.
The periphyton attached to mud skin in water body is mainly mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria, the mud-attached algae and mud-attached algae have a mutual promotion relationship, the bacterial mineralization effect of the interface of sediment and water layer is very active, and basic nutrient substances such as CO can be provided for mud-attached algae 2 、HCO 3- Inorganic phosphorus, ammonia ions, etc., and in addition, the bacteria are capable of synthesizing a wide variety of organic micronutrients, e.g., B 12 、B 1 And organic substances such as acetate, which provides a favorable living environment for the mud-attached algae and promotes the increase of biomass of the mud-attached algae. The periphyton is in a habitat in which nutrients are concentrated more than the free water above the sediment, so that the metabolic activity of the periphyton is also stronger.
In the water body with high transparency, after the air temperature rises in spring, mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria grow rapidly and then are fixed with the sediment to form a block-shaped substance, and the block-shaped substance floats to the surface of the water body after being jacked by bubbles to form a periclase biological mud skin floating phenomenon. The adhesion of the truffle algae and soil floating on the water surface seriously affects the water body landscape, particularly the common periphyton mud skin in the river contains organic matters and mud-attached microorganisms, wherein the organic matters mainly comprise organic debris humus formed by long-term accumulation of fine silt particles and animal and plant residues; the mud-attached algae mainly comprise benthic diatom and blue algae, most of the mud-attached algae are navicular algae, rhombic algae and Qu Zhouzao, and the individual rich mud skin is provided with chlorella and tremella of cyanobacteria, and the floating mud skin occasionally accompanies floating algae or partially dead moss, so that the floating periphyton mud skin mainly has dark brown and dark green color and bad appearance. Besides the problem of influencing the water landscape, the soluble organic carbon released in the growth process of mud-attached algae can form the basis of a bacterial micro-food network, so that human pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli, salmonella, shigella, campylobacter and the like adhere to living algae wires and rotten algae wires, and the human health is indirectly influenced through environmental exposure.
The difficulty of controlling the floating of the mud skin of the natural water body is mainly limited in two aspects, on one hand, the area of the water area of the natural water body is large, the sterilization manual operation of turning the bottom of a cultivation pond or sunning the pond is difficult to perform like the cultivation pond, on the other hand, the sterilization manual operation is limited in a faster reproduction mode of microorganisms, and mud-attached algae and bacteria can be used for nutrition sharing and can be rapidly propagated in the water body in a short time.
The control method commonly used in the prior art comprises a manual salvaging method and a chemical method, wherein the manual salvaging method has lower efficiency and can not prevent the mud skin from floating upwards in the next year; the chemical method mainly comprises the steps of adding a chemical water quality improving reagent for sterilizing and inhibiting the growth of algae into water, for example, adding quicklime to perform the function of sterilizing, and the method has quick effect, but has short action time and can not fundamentally solve the water quality problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a water quality improver capable of preventing surface water periphyton mud from floating up from the viewpoint of reducing biomass of periphyton and reducing generation of bubbles necessary for mud floating up, aiming at the problem of landscape deterioration caused by surface water periphyton mud floating up.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a water quality improver, which comprises a carrier, furanone, dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and an oxidation type bottom modifying agent which are carried by the carrier; wherein the molar ratio of furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is 1:0.5 to 1.5:0.5 to 1.5.
By adopting the scheme, in the water quality improver, the bacterial community structure is adjusted through the oxidation type bottom modifying agent, and the anaerobic fermentation bacterial biomass on the surface of the sediment is reduced, so that anaerobic respiration gas production is reduced to drive mud skin to float upwards, and the biomass of algae and bacteria attached to the surface of the sediment is reduced. The furanone, the dihydropyrrolone and the N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone are utilized to inhibit the formation of a biological film, so that the oxidation type bottom modifying agent is improved, the biomass of mud-attached microalgae is reduced, and the action efficiency of the anaerobic gas-producing bacteria community structure is adjusted; and the furanone, the dihydropyrrolone and the N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone are utilized to inhibit the adhesion of microorganisms to form a polymer, so that the generated gas can escape rapidly, and the upward buoyancy of mud skin is reduced; through the functions, the biomass of the mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria is continuously controlled, and the generation of bubbles necessary for floating the periwinkle biological mud skin is reduced from multiple aspects, so that the problem of landscape deterioration caused by floating the periwinkle biological mud skin on the water surface is solved; and prevents environmental pollution by reducing and controlling biomass of mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria.
According to another embodiment provided by the application, the oxidation type bottom modifying agent in the water quality modifying agent provided by the application comprises sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate; and the molar ratio of sodium perborate, potassium hydrogen persulfate and furanone is 10: 8-12: 0.5 to 1.5.
By adopting the scheme, the sodium perborate directly acts on the sediment, so that the oxidability of the sediment can be improved, the original reduction state of the sediment is changed, and a stable oxidation environment is constructed for the surface of the sediment through the improvement of the oxidation state, so that a microbial community at the surface layer interface of the sediment is indirectly regulated and controlled, and the colony structure is promoted to be adjusted from anaerobic bacteria to aerobic bacteria as main dominant bacteria; hypochlorous acid can be generated simultaneously after potassium hydrogen persulfate is dissolved, so that the permeability of algae and bacteria on the surface of sediment can be changed, and the effect of reducing the microbial biomass is achieved.
According to another specific embodiment provided by the application, the carrier in the water quality improver provided by the application is medical stone.
According to another specific embodiment provided by the application, the particle size of the carrier in the water quality improver is 1.5-4 mm.
The application also provides a preparation method of the water quality improver, which comprises the following steps: s1: mixing the aqueous solution of the oxidized primer modifying agent with the carrier, stirring for 0.5-2h at the rotating speed of 100-200r/min, and drying to obtain a first load carrier; s2: respectively dissolving furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone in ethanol solution, adding the first load carrier into the ethanol solution, stirring at a rotating speed of 100-200r/min for 0.5-2h, and drying to obtain the carrier loaded with sodium perborate, potassium hydrogen persulfate-furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone.
According to another specific embodiment provided by the application, the preparation method of the water quality improver provided by the application comprises the steps of oxidizing a primer to obtain a primer, wherein the primer comprises sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate; step S1 comprises mixing sodium perborate solution with mass fraction of 15% -25%, potassium hydrogen persulfate solution with mass fraction of 15% -25% and carrier, stirring at 100-200r/min for 0.5-2h.
According to another specific embodiment provided by the application, the preparation method of the water quality improver provided by the application comprises the following steps: before the step S1, selecting medical stone with the particle size of 1.5-4 mm, adding the medical stone into hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 1mol/L according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, stirring 1-2 h, filtering, cleaning, and drying at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ to obtain acid activated medical stone; and (3) treating the acid activated medical stone at the temperature of 450-600 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain the thermally modified medical stone.
By adopting the scheme, the porous structure can be formed in the medical stone particles by carrying out acid activation and thermal modification on the medical stone, and the loading capacity of the medical stone in unit weight can be increased.
The application also provides a water body maintenance method, which comprises the following steps: the water quality improver provided by the application is put into a water body.
By adopting the scheme, the water quality improver is put in, so that the reducibility of sediment can be improved, the content of mud-attached algae and bacteria which are raised by heating the water in spring can be controlled, meanwhile, the generation of extracellular polymers of bacteria can be inhibited, the adhesiveness between bacteria can be reduced, and the floating of mud skin caused by aggregation of bubbles in the bacterial gel can be reduced.
According to another embodiment provided by the application, the water body maintenance method provided by the application comprises the following steps: s1: the water quality modifier is put in the water body in 1-3 months, and the put amount is 30-65 g +.m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S2: 20-40 days after the step S1', carrying out cutting seed feeding of submerged plants in the water body, and throwing zooplankton into the water body; s3': step S2 ', 10-20 days after the step S2', feeding the scraping benthonic animals into the water body; s4': and (5) throwing benthic fish into the water body in 5-6 months.
By adopting the scheme, the water quality improver is combined with the ecological treatment method, wherein the ecological treatment method constructs a functional system beneficial to water quality, and the quantity of mud-attached algae can be reduced from the angles of ecological niche competition and food chain nutrition level of producers, so that the effect of preventing the floating of the surface water periphyton mud skin is continuously achieved.
According to another specific embodiment provided by the application, the submerged plants comprise the spiny grass and the malaytea scurfpea vine, and the planting density is 20-50 plants/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Zooplankton comprises radial-foot type fimbriae fleas, and the put-in density is 950-1050ind/L; the scraping zoobenthos comprises Cinnamomum campanum and Cinnamomum raphani, and the feeding density of Cinnamomum campanum is 3.9+ -0.1 g/m 2 The putting density of the radish snails is 9.7+/-0.2 g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The benthic fish comprises dace with a dosage of 200-220 g/strip and a dosage density of 1.0-1.5kg/.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a water quality improver and a manufacturing method thereof, which are prepared by adopting a carrier, an oxidation type bottom modifying agent, furanone, dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and the like as raw materials, wherein the molar ratio of furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is 1:0.5 to 1.5:0.5 to 1.5. The carrier can be at least one of medical stone, zeolite powder, attapulgite, activated carbon, etc., preferably medical stone; the oxidation type bottom modifying agent may specifically be at least one of sodium perborate, potassium hydrogen persulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium ferrate, calcium peroxide, percarbamide, etc., and preferably sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate are used.
Further, the preparation method of the water quality improver comprises the following steps S0, S1 and S2.
S0: screening carriers with proper particle sizes, wherein the specific particle size can be 1-5mm, preferably 1.5-4 mm; the carrier is cleaned by deionized water, and other treatment steps such as activation and the like can be carried out on the carrier according to the requirement, and the carrier is dried.
In one specific implementation of the embodiment, the carrier is medical stone, and the medical stone with the particle size of 1.5-4 mm is selected and washed by deionized water; adding medical stone into hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 1mol/L according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, and stirring for 1-2 h; filtering, particularly by adopting a vacuum filtration method; washing the filtered medical stone with deionized water until no Cl exists - Detecting, namely drying medical stone at the temperature of 100-110 ℃, putting the dried medical stone into a dryer, cooling to room temperature, and sealing and preserving to obtain acid activated medical stone; and (3) treating the acid activated medical stone at the temperature of 450-600 ℃ for 2-3 h, taking out, putting the medical stone into a dryer, cooling to room temperature, and sealing and preserving the medical stone to obtain the thermally modified medical stone.
It should be noted that, the porous structure is formed in the medical stone particles by acid activation and thermal modification of the medical stone, so that the loading capacity of the medical stone in unit weight can be increased.
S1: mixing the aqueous solution of the oxidized form primer reagent with the carrier, stirring for 0.5-2 hours at the rotating speed of 100-200r/min, and drying to obtain a first carrier carrying the oxidized form primer reagent.
In one embodiment of this example, the oxidized form of the bottom modifying agent comprises sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate; and the molar ratio of sodium perborate, potassium hydrogen persulfate and furanone is 10: 8-12: 0.5 to 1.5. The preparation method comprises the steps of respectively preparing 15-25% by mass of aqueous solution by compounding sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate; mixing 15-25% by mass of sodium perborate aqueous solution, 15-25% by mass of potassium hydrogen persulfate solution and a carrier, and stirring at a rotating speed of 100-200r/min for 0.5-2 h; and then drying, namely, putting the mixture into a drying box to dry for 5 hours, so as to prepare the carrier loaded with sodium perborate and potassium persulfate.
S2: respectively dissolving furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone in an ethanol solution, adding a first load carrier into the ethanol solution, stirring for 0.5-2h at the rotating speed of 100-200r/min, and drying to obtain the carriers of the load oxidation type bottom modification reagent, furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone. More specifically, the ethanol solution may be an ethanol solution with a volume concentration of 50-70%, and the mass ratio of the materials (i.e. furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone) to the solvent (i.e. the ethanol solution) may be 1: 8-15. The drying process adopts low-temperature drying, and can be particularly carried out at 70-100 ℃ for 6 hours.
The water quality improver comprises a carrier, furanone, dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and an oxidation type bottom modifying agent which are carried by the carrier.
A specific example of a method for producing the water quality improver is provided below.
S0: selecting medical stone with the particle size of 2-3mm as a carrier, washing the medical stone with deionized water, adding the medical stone into hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 1mol/L according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, stirring for 2 hours, filtering, and washing the filtered medical stone with deionized water until no Cl exists - Detecting, drying Maifanitum at 105deg.C, cooling to room temperature, and sealing for preservation to obtain acid activated Maifanitum; and (3) treating the acid activated medical stone for 3 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃, taking out, putting the medical stone into a dryer, cooling to room temperature, and sealing and preserving the medical stone to obtain the thermally modified medical stone.
S1: sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate are used as oxidation-type bottom modifying agents, and 1mol of sodium perborate and 1mol of potassium hydrogen persulfate are respectively prepared into 15-25% aqueous solutions; mixing 15-25% by mass of sodium perborate aqueous solution, 15-25% by mass of potassium hydrogen persulfate solution and a carrier, stirring for 1h at a rotating speed of 150r/min, and drying for 5h in a drying box to obtain the medical stone loaded with sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate.
S2: dissolving 0.1mol of furanone, 0.1mol of dihydropyrrolone and 0.1mol of N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone in ethanol solution, adding a medical rice Dan Di carrying carrier carrying sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate into the ethanol solution, stirring for 1h at a rotating speed of 150r/min, and drying at 70-100 ℃ for 6h to obtain the water quality improver, wherein the water quality improver comprises medical stone particles carrying sodium perborate, potassium hydrogen persulfate-furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone.
It should be noted that, the key of causing the pericycle biological mud to float is air bubbles, and the key of forming the air bubbles includes photosynthesis of mud-attached algae contained in the pericycle biological itself to generate gas, and anaerobic fermentation of the gas is performed by bacteria under the condition of lower dissolved oxygen when the content of organic matters in the sediment is higher; therefore, the formation of bubbles can be reduced by reducing the biomass of mud-attached microalgae and adjusting the structure of anaerobic gas-producing bacteria colony, thereby reducing the floating of periclase biological mud skin.
The water quality improver provided by the application has the advantages that the oxidation-reduction potential of water sediment can be directly changed by the oxidation-type bottom modifying agent, the anaerobic fermentation gas production is reduced, the anaerobic fermentation of the water sediment is prevented from generating toxic and harmful gas, the anaerobic fermentation gas production is reduced to drive mud skin to float upwards, meanwhile, mud skin on the bottom surface layer is oxidized and decomposed, and the biomass of algae and bacteria on the sediment surface is reduced through chemical components with sterilizing effect.
More specifically, the oxidizing type bottom modifying agent can adopt a scheme comprising sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate, wherein the sodium perborate directly acts on the sediment to improve the oxidability of the sediment, change the original reduction state of the sediment, and build a stable oxidation environment for the surface of the sediment through the promotion of the oxidation state, so that a microbial community at the surface layer interface of the sediment is indirectly regulated, and the colony structure is promoted to be regulated from anaerobic bacteria to aerobic bacteria as main dominant bacteria; hypochlorous acid can be generated simultaneously after potassium hydrogen persulfate is dissolved, and at the moment, the hypochlorous acid can change the permeability of algae and bacteria on the surface of sediment, so that the effect of reducing the microbial biomass is achieved.
Further, the nutrient substance base of periphyton is not separated from mud-attached bacteria and extracellular polymers secreted by mud-attached algae (extracellular polymeric substances, EPS, including polysaccharide, nucleic acid, protein and the like), and the complex organic polymers can form an adhesive matrix to wrap bacteria algae, form a bacteria algae microenvironment and further form a biological film, specifically, the forming process of the biological film comprises the following steps that microorganisms reach the surface of a carrier (mud skin) firstly; secondly, the microorganism secretes EPS to enable the microorganism to adhere and proliferate; when the biofilm is mature, a three-dimensional complex biofilm structure is formed, and the structure protects microorganisms in the biofilm, transports nutrients and improves the drug resistance of the microorganisms in the biofilm; the biofilm is expanded by spreading, partially shedding or releasing planktonic microorganisms, etc., and the shed or released microorganisms can form a new biofilm on the surface of the object. Therefore, the formation of the biofilm enhances the colonization capability of microorganisms, so that periphyton stably exists on the surface of water area sediment in the form of high-viscosity micelle substances, namely the fungus glue biofilm coating, and meanwhile, the microbial agent can also help the microorganisms resist external stress environment, and promote nutrient substance sharing to be beneficial to the proliferation of cells.
Further, adsorption-desorption, physical-chemical reaction, biological reaction and the like occur among organisms, organic matters and scraps in the fungus algae microenvironment at any time. The biological reaction in the bacterial algae microenvironment is mainly represented by that extracellular polymers secreted in the bacterial algae microenvironment exist various chemical group induction signals, and the chemical signal substances are used as chemical signals for intercellular communication and communication, and are used for estimating the change of the self group density and the group density of other microorganisms through the induction signals, and after the signal concentration reaches a threshold value, the transcription and the expression of related genes are activated through the combination with corresponding receptors, so that the secretion of the extracellular polymers and the formation of interference biological films are regulated, the group behaviors of the microorganisms are regulated finally, and the microorganisms are guided to respond to the environment.
In conclusion, due to the existence of the biological film, the addition of the oxidation type bottom modifying reagent can only act on algae and bacteria on the surface of the sediment, so that the biomass of mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria on the surface of the sediment is reduced, and the surface anaerobic gas-producing bacteria community structure is adjusted; and with the change of the microbial population on the surface of the sediment, the formation of a biological film can be regulated and enhanced through biological reaction in the microbial algae microenvironment; and the microorganisms continue to proliferate with the loss of the drug effect of the oxidized form of the bottom modifying agent; therefore, only adding the oxidation type bottom modifying agent has a short-term effect on inhibiting the floating of perilescent biological mud skin; and the inventor also found that the gases generated by the metabolism of mud-attached algae and bacteria can accumulate in the bacterial glue biological film wrapping body to provide buoyancy for periclal biological mud skin.
Aiming at the problems, furanone, dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone are also added into the water quality improver, furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone can be used as quorum sensing signal molecules to play a role in communication among cells, when the cell density exceeds a threshold value, single cells can sense and recognize the signal molecules, then cell population is communicated, and transcription and expression of related genes are started at the moment, so that the purposes of regulating the cell number and avoiding cell aggregation are achieved. The furanone can be used as a molecular antagonist of induction signals of pseudomonas aeruginosa population, can reprogram gene expression of cells, can inhibit formation of a biofilm of streptococcus mutans, and can thin and even disintegrate the biofilm; the dihydropyrroline can reduce the adhesiveness to pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus and inhibit the formation of a biological film; N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactones can act as cell-self-inducing substances, and can act on quorum sensing systems for inhibiting gram-negative bacteria, thereby controlling the number of microorganisms.
In the application, furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone can regulate and control the cell number, inhibit mud-attached microorganisms on the surface of sediment from secreting EPS, inhibit microbial film formation and proliferation of the microbial number in the second stage of biofilm formation, inhibit extracellular polymer generation, reduce bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, and further inhibit microbial adhesion to form a polymer; through the above effects, the biological film can be inhibited from protecting microorganisms, so that the oxidized bottom modifying agent continuously acts on mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria, thereby improving the action efficiency of reducing the biomass of mud-attached algae and adjusting the community structure of anaerobic gas-producing bacteria. Furthermore, by inhibiting the adhesion of microorganisms to form a polymer, the gas generated by the metabolism of mud-attached algae and bacteria can escape rapidly, can not accumulate in the bacterial glue biomembrane coating body, and finally reduces the upward buoyancy of mud skin.
In summary, the water quality improver provided by the application combines an oxidation-type bottom modifying agent with furanone and dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone to generate three layers of effects, and comprises the following steps: (1) Adjusting the bacterial community structure of the sediment, reducing anaerobic fermentation bacterial biomass on the surface of the sediment and increasing aerobic microbial biomass; (2) Reducing and controlling biomass of mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria on the surface of the sediment; (3) Reducing the output of extracellular polymers of microorganisms, reducing the viscosity of zoogloea and reducing the buoyancy of perilescent biological mud skin. Through the above effects, the generation of bubbles necessary for floating the pericycle biological mud skin is fundamentally reduced, so that the problem of landscape deterioration caused by floating the pericycle biological mud skin on the water surface is solved; and prevents environmental pollution by reducing and controlling biomass of mud-attached algae and mud-attached bacteria.
Furthermore, the water quality improver provided by the application has the main action of surrounding sludge and is mainly applied to the surface layer of the sediment. In order to ensure that furanone, dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and an oxidation type bottom modification reagent can efficiently act on the surface of a sediment, and avoid the extra dissolution loss of a product in a surface water body, the carrier load is adopted.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a water body maintenance method by using the water quality improver provided by the application, which comprises the step of putting the water quality improver provided by the application into a water body.
Specifically, the timing of adding the water quality improver is determined according to the weather, the peripheral cluster biological mud skin is generally floated, the air temperature is low, and when the temperature is about to rise gradually, the microorganism is active, particularly the respiration rate of mud-attached algae is increased when the temperature rises, and the gas yield of the sediment surface layer is easily increased. More specifically, the preferable water quality improver is administered for a period of time that alternates between winter and spring each year,the method can be specifically carried out in 1-3 months each year, can be specifically determined according to the air temperatures of different places, can be carried out at the beginning of 2 months, and the product adding amount is generally 30-65 g/m according to actual conditions 2 Taking a water quality improver comprising medical stone loaded with sodium perborate, potassium hydrogen persulfate-furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone as an example, the product dosage is preferably 45-55 g/m 2 More specifically, the amount to be administered is preferably 50g/m 2 . The water quality improver is put in, so that on one hand, the reducibility of sediment can be improved, on the other hand, the content of mud-attached algae and bacteria which are raised by heating a spring water body can be controlled, meanwhile, the generation of extracellular polymers of the bacteria can be inhibited, the adhesiveness between the bacteria can be reduced, and mud skin floating caused by aggregation of bubbles in a bacterial gel quilt can be reduced.
In one embodiment of the present embodiment, the water quality improver may be used in combination with an ecological management method that includes constructing a submerged plant, benthonic zooplankton, benthonic animal, and benthonic fish system. It should be noted that the water quality improver and the ecological treatment method are combined for use in surface water with good water quality, low concentration of nutrient salt nitrogen and phosphorus in water, high transparency, average about 1.5m or more, serious sediment history pollution and no dredging capability. Before the ecological function system is constructed, investigation of water background species is needed, so that biological invasion of the species is avoided. The water body maintenance method using the water quality improver and the ecological treatment method in combination comprises the following steps S1 'to S4'.
S1: the water quality improver is put into the water body in the year of 1-3 months, and the put amount is 30-65 g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Can be put in at the beginning of 2 months with the put-in amount of 50g/m 2 。
S2: 20-40 days after the step S1', carrying out cutting seed feeding of submerged plants in the water body, and throwing zooplankton into the water body; specifically, the cutting and reseeding of the submerged plant and the feeding of the zooplankton can be performed 30 days after the feeding of the water quality improver, for example, the cutting and reseeding of the submerged plant and the feeding of the zooplankton are performed at the beginning of 2 months and 3 months.
The submerged plants and the algae belong to primary producers, and are used for growing resources by nutrient salts, illumination and growth spaces in the water body, and the nutrient salts, the illumination and the growth spaces are mutually influenced by strong competition, so that the biomass of the submerged plants is supplemented by the way of cutting and reseeding of the submerged plants, the biomass of the submerged plants is improved, and the biomass of benthonic algae can be effectively reduced. After cutting and reseeding, the submerged plants occupy the main interface of water and substrate in the water body, the root systems of the submerged plants are subjected to oxygen release to form an oxidation environment, a sediment microbial community is promoted to be converted into an aerobic flora-dominant community, and the total gas production amount of the reductive sapropel anaerobic microorganisms is reduced; meanwhile, the submerged plants can increase the effective space ecological niche, and indirectly support the complexity and stability of meat and chip food chains. The submerged plant has sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, the germination temperature of the submerged plant with root tuber after overwintering is about 10 ℃ (about heating in early spring), the submerged plant sexual reproduction mode germinates when the water temperature reaches about 20 ℃ (about 5 months), thus the cutting and reseeding of the submerged plant can be carried out in the early 3 months (early spring), the specific planting density of the submerged plant can be determined according to plant varieties and environments, and can be 10-80 plants/m 2 . In one embodiment, the submerged plant comprises herba Ixeritis Sonchifoliae and herba Sedi Malayani, and has a planting density of 20-50 plants/m 2 。
The goal of zooplankton delivery is to consume algae, bacteria, organic debris, etc. in the water in order to reduce the formation of periphyton in the water. In one embodiment, the zoo comprises a scratch-type copepod flea that crawls along the bottom of the water area and feeds on algae, bacteria, protozoa, and organic debris; the density of the water is 950-1050ind/L, preferably 1000 ind/L.
S3': and (2) 10-20 days after the step S2', feeding the scraping benthonic animals into the water body. Specifically, after 15 days from cutting planting of the submerged plants, feeding the scraping benthonic animals; if the water quality improver is added at the beginning of 2 months, the cutting and the planting of submerged plants and the zooplankton are carried out at the beginning of 3 months, and the scraping benthonic animals are added in the middle of 3 months.
The large benthonic animals can be snails, can ingest mud-attached algae, has a certain prevention and control effect on mud skin formation, can ingest benthonic animals with plant leaf attachment particles and attached algae, and can form a 'snail-grass symbiotic system' by being matched with submerged plants. In one embodiment, the scraping zoobenthos comprises Cinnamomum and Raphani semen, wherein the optimum feeding density of Cinnamomum is 3.9+ -0.1 g/m 2 The optimal putting density of the radish snails is 9.7+/-0.2 g/m 2 。
S4': and after the water temperature is increased for 5-6 months, the benthonic fish are put into the water body.
The aquatic benthic fishes can also have prevention and control effects on mud-attached algae, such as benthic algicidal dace (belonging to dace genus of dace subfamily). The species has keratinized edges in front of lower mouth and upper jaw in China, is suitable for scraping attachments at water bottom, and can be used for feeding organic substances in sludge in natural water bodies when dace is licked by attached organisms (such as green algae, diatom, filiform algae and the like) scraping objects at water bottom rocks and the like.
In one specific embodiment, the benthic fish comprises dace with a dosage of 200-220 g/strip and a dosage density of 1.0-1.5 kg/mu.
The water quality modifier is combined with the ecological treatment method, the ecological treatment method comprises the steps of constructing a submerged plant system, benthonic scraped food animals and benthonic scraped food fish systems, constructing a functional system beneficial to water quality, and reducing the quantity of algae attached with mud from the angles of ecological niche competition and food chain nutrition level of producers, so that the effect of preventing the floating of the biological mud skin of the periphyton of the surface water is continuously achieved.
Comparative example 1
Selecting medical stone with the particle size of 2-3mm, and cleaning the medical stone with deionized water; thermally modified medical stone was obtained by the method of example 1; and medical stone loaded with sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate was obtained by referring to the method of example 1.
Comparative example 2
Selecting medical stone with the particle size of 2-3mm, and cleaning the medical stone with deionized water; thermally modified medical stone was obtained by the method of example 1; respectively dissolving furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone in an ethanol solution, adding thermally modified medical stone into the ethanol solution, stirring for 1h at the rotating speed of 100-200r/min, and drying to obtain the medical stone loaded with furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone.
Example 3
The experiments for inhibiting the floating up of peri-cluster biological mud skin were carried out on the water quality improver obtained in example 1 and the medical stones obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2, specifically as follows.
The experimental method comprises the following steps:
the inhibition effect of the water quality improver provided by the application on the floating of the sludge around the sediment at the bottom of the fence is tested by establishing a lake fence comparison experiment. The indexes monitored in the experiment mainly comprise oxidation-reduction potential of the water body at the bottom of the enclosure, floating quality of mud skin and density of algae attached to the mud skin. The oxidation-reduction potential detection method of the water body is a potential measurement method, the monitoring method of the floating quality of the mud skin is a wet weighing method, the density detection method of attached algae of the floating mud skin adopts a normal microscope counting method, attached algae in the floating mud skin with the same weight is brushed down by using a soft brush, an attached algae sample is concentrated, 0.1 mL is taken after shaking up, the attached algae sample is added into a 0.1 mL counting frame, a 20 mm multiplied by 20 mm cover glass is covered, 100 fields of view are observed by adopting a field of view method, and finally the number of algae cells is determined.
The establishment of the experimental environment specifically comprises the following steps: a lake with serious mud skin floating up is selected, four groups of enclosures are arranged, the types of the enclosures are 5m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 2.5m, the occupation area of each enclosure is ensured to be the same, and the enclosure does not exchange water with the outside.
Taking Maifanitum without any agent as blank control, and adding 50g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The enclosure of the medical stone loaded with sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate obtained in comparative example 1 was taken as comparative example 1, and the addition amount was 50g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The enclosure of the medical stone loaded with furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone obtained in comparative example 2 is taken as comparative example 2, and the dosage is 50g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the To throw inThe enclosure of the water quality improver prepared by referring to one specific example of the preparation method of the water quality improver in the embodiment 1 is an experimental example, and the dosage is 50g/m 2 。
In the experimental process, after the corresponding medical stones are put in, water quality detection and attached algae biomass detection are respectively carried out at different time points (0, 4h, 8h, 1d, 3d, 5d, 7d, 15d, 20d and 30 d).
Experimental results:
1. oxidation reduction potential results
The redox potentials of the four barriers, which are used for starting the water bottom, are respectively tested and are all 225mV, and after 30d of the corresponding medical stone is put in, the redox potentials of the different barriers are detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 redox potential detection results
As can be seen from table 1, the blank control shows a trend of deterioration of the oxidation-reduction potential of water quality over time, and the oxidation-reduction potential of each of the control 1, the control 2 and the experimental example is increased, but the oxidation-reduction potential of the experimental example is obviously increased compared with that of the 2 control examples, which indicates that the oxidation state of the water body is improved; compared with 2 control examples, the experimental example has remarkable effect of improving the oxidation-reduction potential; compared with the scheme of only adding oxidized sodium perborate, potassium hydrogen persulfate or only adding furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, the combined addition of the two has obvious effect on improving the oxidation state of the water body.
2. Results of aerosol on mud skin the bottom area of four enclosure sediments was 15m 2 The weighing and detecting results of the total amount of the mud skin floating up in different surrounding barriers of 0d, 15d and 30d after the corresponding medical stone is put in are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 results of aerosol detection on mud skin
As can be seen from table 2, the 2 control examples and the experimental examples all have the effect of inhibiting the rising of the mud skin, wherein the experimental examples have the most obvious effect of inhibiting the rising of the mud skin, the quality of the mud skin floating in the control example 1 is reduced by 37.7% compared with 0d, the quality of the mud skin floating in the control example 2 is reduced by 40% compared with 0d, and the quality of the mud skin floating in the experimental examples is reduced by 56.3% compared with 0 d; compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, the experimental examples have remarkable effect of suppressing the rising of mud skin.
3. Mud skin floating attached algae density result
The detection results of the density of algae floating and adhering on mud skin in different enclosures of 0d, 15d and 30d after the corresponding medical stone is put in are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 detection results of the density of algae floating on mud skin (Unit: cells/g)
As can be seen from table 3, the 2 control examples and the experimental example all play a role in reducing the biomass of algae with mud on the surface, wherein the experimental example and the control example 2 have a remarkable effect in inhibiting the algae attached to mud skin, which indicates that furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone have the role in reducing the biomass of the microorganism with mud; the experimental example has the most obvious effect of inhibiting algae from adhering to mud skin, and shows that the water quality improver provided by the application changes the oxidized substrate into sodium perborate, and potassium hydrogen persulfate is combined with furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone for use, thereby enhancing the effect of reducing and controlling the biomass of mud-adhering microorganisms.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the ()" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The expression "at least one (seed)" when before or after the list of elements modifies the entire list of elements without modifying individual elements of the list.
Further, the terms "comprises" or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
As used herein, "about" or "approximately" includes the values described and means, for example, within the acceptable range of deviation for a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the measurements in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., limitations of the measurement system). Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges of parameters disclosed include the endpoints and all values therebetween.
While the application has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a further detailed description of the application in connection with specific embodiments, and it is not intended to limit the application to the specific embodiments described. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein by those skilled in the art, including a few simple inferences or alternatives, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The water quality improver is characterized by comprising a carrier, furanone, dihydropyrrolone, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and an oxidation type bottom modifying agent which are carried by the carrier; wherein the molar ratio of the furanone, the dihydropyrrolone and the N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is 1:0.5 to 1.5:0.5 to 1.5;
the oxidation type bottom modifying agent comprises sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate; and the molar ratio of the sodium perborate, the potassium hydrogen persulfate and the furanone is 10: 8-12: 0.5 to 1.5.
2. The water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is medical stone.
3. The water quality improver according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier has a particle diameter of 1.5 to 4mm.
4. A method of preparing the water quality improver of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
s1: mixing an aqueous solution of an oxidative bottom modification agent with a carrier, the oxidative bottom modification agent comprising sodium perborate and potassium hydrogen persulfate; mixing 15-25% of sodium perborate solution, 15-25% of potassium hydrogen persulfate solution and a carrier, stirring for 0.5-2h at a rotating speed of 100-200r/min, and drying to obtain a first load carrier;
s2: respectively dissolving furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone in ethanol solution, adding the first load carrier into the ethanol solution, stirring for 0.5-2h at the rotating speed of 100-200r/min, and drying to obtain the carrier for loading the oxidized bottom modifying reagent, furanone, dihydropyrrolone and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone.
5. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 4, wherein the carrier is medical stone, the method further comprising:
before the step S1, selecting medical stone with the grain diameter of 1.5-4 mm, adding the medical stone into hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 1mol/L according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, stirring for 1-2 h, filtering, cleaning, and drying at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ to obtain acid activated medical stone;
the acid activated medical stone is treated for 2 to 3 hours at the temperature of 450 to 600 ℃ to obtain the thermally modified medical stone.
6. A method of water conservation, the method comprising: a water quality improver as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 is put in a body of water.
7. The water conservation method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises:
s1: the water quality modifier is put into the water body in 1-3 months, and the adding amount is 30-65 g/m 2 ；
S2: 20-40 days after the step S1', carrying out cutting reseeding of submerged plants in the water body, and throwing zooplankton into the water body;
s3': 10-20 days after the step S2', feeding the scraping benthonic animals into the water body;
s4': and (5) throwing benthic fish into the water body in 5-6 months.
8. A water conservation method according to claim 7, wherein,
the submerged plant comprises herba Ixeritis Sonchifoliae and herba Selaginellae Doederleinii with planting density of 20-50 plants/m 2 ；
The zooplankton comprises radial-foot type fierce water fleas, and the put-in density is 950-1050 ind/L;
the scraping zoobenthos comprises the ring-shaped conch and the radish snail, and the putting density of the ring-shaped conch is 3.9+/-0.1 g/m 2 The putting density of the radish snails is 9.7+/-0.2 g/m 2 ；
The benthonic fishes comprise dace with the throwing amount of 200-220 g/strip and the throwing density of 1.0-1.5 kg/mu.
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