CN116874730A - 一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116874730A CN116874730A CN202311000019.1A CN202311000019A CN116874730A CN 116874730 A CN116874730 A CN 116874730A CN 202311000019 A CN202311000019 A CN 202311000019A CN 116874730 A CN116874730 A CN 116874730A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- component
- polyurethane
- diisocyanate
- glycol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LUZSPGQEISANPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn] LUZSPGQEISANPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 cyclohexene dimethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DMTRWFMFBIMXBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);6-methylheptanoate Chemical compound [Pb+2].CC(C)CCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)CCCCC([O-])=O DMTRWFMFBIMXBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IRBNMBNVRSUJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoic acid Chemical compound O=C=NC(C(=O)O)CCCCN=C=O IRBNMBNVRSUJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 35
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- CCJKFLLIJCGHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[diethoxyphosphorylmethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CN(CCO)CCO CCJKFLLIJCGHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 238000012668 chain scission Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octabenzone Chemical group OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- MBVGJZDLUQNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N1 MBVGJZDLUQNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEBTZZBBPUFAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-(oxomethylidene)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)N=C=O HEBTZZBBPUFAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007945 N-acyl ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- DZARITHRMKPIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-propan-2-yl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)C1OCCN1CCO DZARITHRMKPIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(oxomethylidene)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)N=C=O)C=C1 VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005102 attenuated total reflection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical group NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WORCCYVLMMTGFR-UHFFFAOYSA-M loxoprofen sodium Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(C(C([O-])=O)C)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)CCC1 WORCCYVLMMTGFR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6603—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6607—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
- C08K2003/382—Boron-containing compounds and nitrogen
- C08K2003/385—Binary compounds of nitrogen with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
- C08K2003/387—Borates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/206—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in coating or encapsulating of electronic parts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,由A组分和B组分混合而成,按重量份数计,所述A组分包含异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体51‑63份、有机溶剂60‑85份、稳定剂4.5‑7.5份、扩链剂1.5‑3份、阻燃剂12‑22份、除水剂2‑4.5份、防老助剂1.5‑3.5份、催化剂1.32.5、偶联剂2.5‑4.5份、硫醇丁基锡2‑3.5份;所述B组分包含低聚物二醇45‑62份、扩链剂3.5‑9份、导热填料15‑27份、阻燃剂12‑15份。还提供该动力电池用发泡聚氨酯的制备方法。该动力电池用发泡聚氨酯力学性能优越、耐水性强、阻燃、抗老化及导热系数强。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于胶粘剂技术领域,具体涉及一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法。
背景技术
电池模组包含许多锂电池构成的单体电池包,电池模组运作过程中会释放出过多热量,因此,导热灌封胶的应用必须切实解决电池之间相互连接与散热等问题,这就需要其具有良好的散热性、粘接性等。导热灌封胶主要可以分为环氧导热灌封胶、聚氨酯导热灌封胶和有机硅导热灌封胶三大类,其中环氧导热灌封胶韧性差、易开裂、不耐冷热冲击;而有机硅导热灌封胶硬度低、粘接强度低;聚氨酯灌封胶则具有软硬度可调、粘接强度适中、高弹性、高抗冲击性、高耐磨性和优异的耐低温性能等特点,因此聚氨酯导热灌封胶在新能源电池模组中的使用越来越广泛。
聚氨酯材料分为聚酯型和聚醚型,聚酯型聚氨酯强度高,粘结性能强,但耐水性差,聚醚型聚氨酯软化温度低,具备更好的韧性和延伸性能及耐水性能,但是强度低于聚酯型聚氨酯。目前聚氨酯由硬段和软段构成,具有诸多优点但存在着缺点,如潮湿环境中水分子会不断扩散、渗透入聚氨酯弹性体内部,介质分子在弹性体内部会与大分子链段进行反应或相互作用,从而导致次价键受损,材料性能下降。除此之外介质分子还会与聚氨酯表面的活性基团发生化学反应,致使主链上的化学键被破坏或者裂解,材料体积发生变化,产生局部断裂或者溶解现象。
与此同时,聚氨酯作为高分子材料也存在老化现象,聚氨酯老化过程中高分子材料会发生交联、降解两类化学反应。聚氨酯交联是分子链与分子链之间发生反应,连接形成网状或体型结构;聚氨酯降解则主要有以下三类:解聚、断链和取代基脱除。解聚是指主链断裂,产生单体的降解。虽断链也是指主链的断裂,但其却是在分子链的随机位置发生断链,聚氨酯断链产物为含有聚合物高分子链中若干个链节的小分子。取代基脱除则是聚氨酯主链未发生断裂,但聚氨酯分子链进行分解反应,侧基脱除。
发明内容
本发明提供一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法,以解决现有技术中动力电池模组粘结剂存在的导热系数低、易水解、不耐老化的技术问题。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
第一方面,提供一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,由A、B两组分组成,以重量份数计,A组分包含异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体51-63份,有机溶剂60-85份,稳定剂4.5-7.5份,扩链剂1.5-3份,阻燃剂12-22份,除水剂2-4.5份,防老助剂1.5-3.5份,催化剂1.3-2.5,偶联剂2.5-4.5份,硫醇丁基锡2-3.5份;而B组分则包含低聚物二醇45-62份,扩链剂3.5-9份,导热填料15-27份,阻燃剂12-15份。
所述异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体为脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂与聚醚二醇反应制得,其中脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂的异氰酸酯基团(-NCO)与聚醚二醇羟基(-OH)的摩尔比值控制在n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=(9-12)∶3的范围。
优选的,所述脂肪族二异氰酸脂为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、2,6-二异氰酸基己酸酯(LDI)、二聚脂肪酸二异氰酸酯(DDI)、反丁基二酸二乙脂二异氰酸酯(FDI)、2,2,4-三甲基己二异氰酸酯(TMDI)中的至少一种。
优选的,所述脂环族二异氰酸脂为甲基环己基二异氰酸酯(HTDI)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)、环己烯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HXDI)、异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)中的至少一种。
优选的,所述聚醚二醇为聚四甲撑醚二醇(PTMG)、聚丙二醇醚(PPG)中的至少一种,聚醚二醇与二异氰酸脂形成的聚醚型PU由于醚基相对于酯基水解不明显,耐水性能更高。
所述稳定剂为聚碳化二亚胺(PCD),聚氨酯水解主要为酸催化酯基,通过加入PCD,与端羧基反应形成不稳定的中间体,后重排形成稳定中性N-酰基脲。
所述A组分中扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、二甘醇三羟基丙烷(TMP)、乙二胺中的至少一种,常用的扩链剂为二胺和多元醇,它们分别与二异氰酸酯生成氨基甲酸脂脲硬段和氨基甲酸脂硬段。
优选采用多元醇扩链剂,形成的氨基甲酸酯基团极性比氨基甲酸脂脲小,耐水性更强。
所述催化剂采用异辛酸铅、二丁基锡二月桂酸酯、N-甲基吗啉或三亚乙基二胺中的至少一种。
优选的,所述催化剂为异辛酸铅。
所述A组分中阻燃剂为硬段阻燃剂,主要为有机磷多元醇、有机磷多元醇与有机硅多元醇,优选的,所述A组分中阻燃剂采用N,N-二(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙脂,该阻燃剂为新型含磷反应型阻燃剂,具备良好的抗氧化老化和耐水性能,由于该阻燃剂含两个羟基,亦可替代A组分中扩链剂,起到聚合扩链作用;同时,不同硬段含量聚氨酯的紫外光老化程度不同,硬段含量较高的更耐紫外光老化,硬段分子量的增多,可提高聚氨酯的耐紫外光老化性能,使用新型含磷反应型阻燃剂也可增加硬段分子量,进而提高耐紫外光老化性能。
所述除水剂为甲苯磺酰异氰酸酯、2-异丙基-3-噁唑烷乙醇中的至少一种。
所述防老助剂含质量为35-60份的光稳定剂、39-52份的抗氧化剂,所述光稳定剂为紫外吸收剂,为邻轻基二苯甲酮类、水杨酸酯类和邻轻基苯并三唑类中的至少一种,优选的,所述抗氧化剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮(UV531);所述抗氧化剂为烷基单酚抗氧剂2,6二叔丁基-4-甲酚(BHT)。
所述偶联剂为异氰酸酯偶联剂、巯基偶联剂中的至少一种。
所述有机溶剂为丙酮、甲乙酮、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的至少一种,优先丙酮,以分散预聚物,降低黏度。
所述B组分低聚物二醇为聚碳酸酯二醇、聚丁二烯二醇、聚己内酯二醇中的至少一种,优先易结晶、耐水性能强的聚碳酸酯二醇,用于制备所述A组分中异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体的脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂中异氰酸酯基团(-NCO)与B组分低聚物二醇羟基(-OH)的摩尔比值控制在n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=(9-12)∶7的范围内。
所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、二甘醇三羟基丙烷(TMP)、乙二胺中的至少一种。
所述导热填料为氢氧化铝、氧化铝、氮化硼粉体中至少一种与氧化石墨烯的混合粉体。
所述阻燃剂为无机阻燃剂,为氢氧化镁、氢氧化锆、硼酸锌、氧化锡中的至少一种。
所述动力电池用发泡聚氨酯导热系数为2.5-6.7W/m·k。
第二方面,提供一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S100:制备A组分:
将脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂与聚醚二醇反应按摩尔比n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=(9-12)∶3的比例溶解于有机溶剂中,低压脱水处理,依次加入给定重量份比例的催化剂、扩链剂、偶联剂,脱水处理后超声波分散2-3小时,加热,在110℃高温下反应,静置30min,降温至75℃后,加入稳定剂、阻燃剂、除水剂、防老助剂、硫醇丁基锡,充分搅拌10min。
S200:制备B组分:
1)将氢氧化铝、氧化铝、氮化硼粉体中至少一种进行粗化咬蚀处理,将已粗化的氢氧化铝、氧化铝、氮化硼粉体中至少一种与氧化石墨烯低压脱水处理,后与阻燃剂混合均匀,粉体与氧化石墨烯质量比值为(3-5):1;
2)将低聚物二醇、扩链剂混合,充分搅拌,升温110℃进行减压脱水,然后降温至75℃后恢复常压,加入已混合均匀的阻燃剂和导热填料,超声波分散1小时;
S300:混合A组分与B组分:按用于制备A组分中异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体的的脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂中的异氰酸酯基团(-NCO)与B组分低聚物二醇羟基(-OH)的摩尔比值控制在n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=(9-12)∶7的范围内取A组分与B组分,超声波分散,反应釜搅拌均匀,时间控制在0.5-1小时,制得双组分所述动力电池用发泡聚氨酯。
优选的,粗化咬蚀采用微蚀刻液进行粉体的咬蚀,微蚀刻液采用13-25份醋酸、8-12份盐酸、70-92份去离子水按比例配置,通过调整微蚀刻液的配比及反应时间,将粉体的粒径控制在1.5-10um。由于过粗的粒径容易产生沉降问题,且不利于导热填料的导热性能,通过粗化咬蚀控制粉体的粒径及氧化石墨烯的含量,改善抗沉降性能和导热性能。
优选的,低压脱水处理采用真空度-0.195至-0.292MPa,干燥2h,冷却后通氮气恢复常压。
第三方面,提供一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯在动力电池模组中的应用。
按质量比(1.2-6.9):1的A组分、B组分混合形成动力电池用发泡聚氨酯。
本发明取得的有益效果有:
(1)本发明采用半预聚物法,将聚醚二醇与二异氰酸脂在催化剂的作用下形成-NCO封端预聚物,后将-NCO封端预聚物与低聚二醇进行交联聚合,引入聚醚基团改善了聚脂型聚氨酯酯基耐水性差,易水解的技术问题;
(2)引入一定比例的稳定剂,在A组分和B组分聚合形成聚氨酯后,可抑制酯基水解,提高聚氨酯的耐水性能;
(3)引入聚醚基团形成聚醚型聚氨酯降低了软化温度,利于后工序将-NCO封端预聚物与低聚二醇进行交联聚合,同时聚醚型聚氨酯耐低温性能更佳,具备更好的延伸性能和韧性,可改善聚脂型聚氨酯的力学性能;
(4)通过在-NCO封端预聚物的硬段区域本体阻燃基团,克服了引入大量无机填料产生的乳化、颗粒沉积、外观透光度问题;
(5)引入磷反应型阻燃剂,使得-NCO封端预聚物及聚氨酯具备良好的抗氧化老化和耐水性能,该阻燃剂含两个羟基,亦可替代A组分中扩链剂,起到聚合扩链作用;
(6)加入按比例配置的防老助剂,该防老助剂兼具光稳定和抗氧化,根据不同的应用场景,可通过调配光稳定剂和抗氧化剂比例,并借助光稳定剂和抗氧化剂的协同作用,适用不同的抗老化需求;
(7)通过偶联剂将氧化石墨烯分散在胶粘剂中,已微蚀刻的导热填料粉体粒径可控,导热填料粉体可分散在氧化石墨烯的间隙中,提高聚氨酯的导热系数至2.5-6.7W/m·k;
(8)已微蚀刻的导热填料粉体粒径可控,在实现热导的同时,可避免出现沉降现象。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图;
图1为一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯耐水性能测试测试数据。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点,下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:
本发明提供了一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,由甲组分和乙组分混合而成,包括以下步骤:
1)异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体的制备:按n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)的摩尔比1:0.3分别取六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI,万华化学)、2,6-二异氰酸基己酸酯(LDI,万华化学)、甲基环己基二异氰酸酯(HTDI,万华化学)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI,万华化学)与聚四甲撑醚二醇(PTMG,蓝星东大)溶解于有机溶剂丙酮中,升温至110℃,搅拌,搅拌速度1000转/分钟,超声波分散,同时抽真空,真空度保持在-0.195MPa,低压脱水处理,降温至75℃,用高纯氮气恢复常压,出料,即得异氰酸酯封端的聚氨酯预聚体;
2)A组分的制备:按n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)的摩尔比1:0.3取异氰酸酯与聚醚二醇,依次加入给定1.5kg催化剂异辛酸铅、2kg扩链剂1,4-丁二醇(万华化学)、3kg异氰酸酯偶联剂,抽真空,真空度保持在-0.195MPa,脱水处理后超声波分散2小时,加热,在110℃高温下反应,静置30min,降温至75℃后,加入5kg稳定剂聚碳化二亚胺(PCD)、16kg阻燃剂N,N-二(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙脂、3kg除水剂甲苯磺酰异氰酸酯((PTSI,山东欧申化工)、2kg防老助剂(含1.1kgUV531和0.9kgBHT)、2kg硫醇丁基锡,充分搅拌10min。
3)B组分的制备:
在A组分中脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂的异氰酸酯基团(-NCO)与B组分低聚物二醇羟基(-OH)的摩尔比值控制在n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=1∶0.7的范围内取聚碳酸酯二醇51kg,1,4-丁二醇4kg份(万华化学),导热填料20kg份,硼酸锌12kg,将聚碳酸酯二醇与1,4-丁二醇充分搅拌30min,升温110℃进行减压脱水,然后降温至75℃后充入氮气恢复常压,加入已混合均匀的阻燃剂和导热填料,超声波分散1小时;
其中导热填料包含已微蚀刻处理的15kg氧化铝和5kg氧化石墨烯。
4)混合A组分与B组分:按A组分中脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂的异氰酸酯基团(-NCO)与B组分低聚物二醇羟基(-OH)的摩尔比值控制在n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=1∶0.7的范围内取A组分与B组分,超声波分散30min,在反应釜搅拌均匀,时间控制在0.5-1小时,制得双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂。
实施例2(力学性能测试):
(一)分别按n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)的摩尔比1:1取异氰酸酯与聚碳酸酯二醇(万华化学)和聚四甲撑醚二醇(PTMG,蓝星东大)溶解于有机溶剂丙酮,加入1.5kg催化剂异辛酸铅、2kg扩链剂1,4-丁二醇(万华化学)、3kg异氰酸酯偶联剂(万华化学)、5kg稳定剂聚碳化二亚胺(PCD)、16kg阻燃剂N,N-二(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙脂、3kg除水剂甲苯磺酰异氰酸酯((PTSI,山东欧申化工)、2kg防老助剂(含1.1kgUV531和0.9kgBHT)、2kg硫醇丁基锡,升温至110℃,搅拌,搅拌速度1000转/分钟,超声波分散,同时抽真空,真空度保持在-0.195MPa,低压脱水处理,降温至75℃,用高纯氮气恢复常压,出料,即得异氰酸酯封端的聚氨酯预聚体,后加入B组分(有机溶剂丙酮4kg份,导热填料20kg份,硼酸锌12kg),超声波分散30min,在反应釜搅拌均匀,时间控制在0.5-1小时,制得双组分聚酯型聚氨酯胶粘剂和双组分聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂作为两组参照对比组。
(1)黏度测试:按照GB/T 2794—2013标准,采用旋转黏度计进行测定,DV2TRV型黏度计,美国Brookfield公司;
(2)硬度测试:按照GB/T 531.1—2008标准,采用邵氏硬度计进行测定,LX-A型邵氏硬度计,上海六菱仪器厂;
(3)力学性能:拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均按照GB/T 528—2009标准进行测定;撕裂强度按照GB/T529—2008标准进行测定。
取实施例1制得的等量PU-HDI-聚酯、PU-LDI-聚酯、PU-HTDI-聚酯、PU-HMDI-聚酯及实施例2制得的PU-聚酯、PU-聚醚进行力学性能测试,结果如表1:
表1
如表1,先引入聚醚基团形成聚醚型聚氨酯,相对于聚酯型聚氨酯降低了硬度,形成的聚醚-聚酯交联网络结构的聚氨酯但具备更好的延伸性能和韧性,可改善聚脂型聚氨酯的力学性能。
(二)取实施例1中n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)摩尔比(0.9-1.2):0.3的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI,万华化学)与聚醚二醇,形成-NCO预聚物,加入聚碳酸酯二醇后,整个聚氨酯体系中,n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)摩尔比为:(0.9-1.2):1,在保持其他反应条件相同下,平行对照试验,测试调整聚氨酯加入不同摩尔比n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)比值后聚氨酯产物的力学性能。结果如表2:
表2
当n(NCO)∶n(OH)由0.9∶1.0增加到1.1∶1.0时,聚氨酯的硬度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、断裂伸长率相对应地上升,当比值≤0.9时,聚氨酯表面黏手,户外使用时间长了易沾灰,影响光的透射率;而比值≥1.2时,游离的-NCO过多,更易与水反应生成CO2而产生气泡,且比值越大气泡越多。
实施例3(耐水性能测试):
取实施例1制得的等量PU-HDI-聚酯、P-LDI-聚酯、PU-HTDI-聚酯、PU-HMDI-聚酯(加入PCD稳定剂和不加入PCD稳定剂)及PUA-聚酯进行耐水性能测试,保持60℃水浴恒温,控制湿度为75-80%,测试在浸水降解后,酸度达到5×10-6当量/克,所需的天数,结果如图1。
如图1,常规的PUA-聚酯在恒温水浴水解7天后,即可达到酸度5×10-6当量/克,而PU-HDI-聚酯、PU-LDI-聚酯、PU-HTDI-聚酯、PU-HMDI-聚酯(不加入PCD)由于引入聚醚型基团,在恒温水浴水解超15天后,方才达到酸度5×10-6当量/克,在PU-HDI-聚酯、PU-LDI-聚酯、PU-HTDI-聚酯、PU-HMDI-聚酯加入PCD后,在恒温水浴水解超40天后,方才达到酸度5×10-6当量/克。引入聚醚基团减少了聚氨酯中酯基的含量,减少了聚氨酯的水解速率,同时由于在硬段区域引入具备阻燃、耐水性能强的N,N-二(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙脂,增加了硬段区域的分子量,增强了聚氨酯的耐水性能。在加入PCD后,由于PCD与与端羧基反应形成不稳定的中间体,后重排形成稳定中性N-酰基脲,抑制了了水解产生的羧基进一步催化加速酯基水解。
实施例4(导热性能测试):
调整实施例1中B组分导热填料的氧化铝的粉体粒径为2um、5um、10um,调整是否加入氧化石墨烯,调整A组分中偶联剂用量,组成平行对照实验组。导热系数通过QTM-500导热系数测定仪使用稳态法进行测定。如表3:
表3
粉体粒径的缩小使得相邻氧化铝粒子之间间距减小,粉体堆积都很紧密,灌封胶内部导热通道较多,导热网链基本形成,而10um氧化铝之间更容易存在间隙,2um的氧化铝则堆积得更为紧密,粒子相互作用,使得体系内热阻降低,因此2um氧化铝填充的灌封胶导热性能更好。同时加入偶联剂,将氧化石墨烯分散在胶粘剂中,增大了导热系数,避免为增强导热系数,加入过多的粉体粒子,过多的粉体粒子会降低聚氨酯的韧性,同时产生色差的技术问题。
实施例5(老化性能测试):
聚氨酯老化的机理主要是大分子链中所有的化学键都是有极性的,微波老化中,微波场中介质聚氨酯的极性分子吸收微波能量,通过分子偶极矩作用,高速振荡产生热效应,从而对样品形成加热效果,其本质是微波的致热效应,微波老化和热氧老化的机理相同。老化过程中,初期因热导致聚氨酯样品进一步后熟化,氨酯基水解产生伯胺R-NH2,其和样品中残余异氰酸酯基-NCO反应生成脲基,并进一步反应,生成缩二脲基,然后缩二脲分解,聚氨酯的硬段消失,只剩下聚氨酯的软段部分。
(1)取实施例1制得的PU-HDI-聚酯、PU-LDI-聚酯、PU-HTDI-聚酯、PU-HMDI-聚酯(均加入抗老化剂)及PU-聚酯(不加抗老化剂),溶解于四氢呋喃中,待溶解完全、混合均匀后,把溶液倒于培养皿,置于真空烘箱中常温抽真空烘干24h,得到均匀透明厚度为0.1mm的样品膜。
(2)将样品置于紫外老化箱中,离紫外灯管距离25cm,射功率500W,紫外波长280-400nm,光照强度30×102uw/cm2。
(3)傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR)使用红外光谱仪,用衰减全反射技术对聚氨酯原样及老化后样品表面进行测试表征,扫描范围400-4000cm-1,扫描次数为32次。
为对比紫外光老化过程中有无添加抗老化剂的防老效果,以1529cm-1吸收峰的吸光度特征吸收峰的吸光度A1529与2956cm-1的特征吸收峰的吸光度A2956的比值纵坐标A1529/A2956为纵坐标,紫外光老化时间(h)为横坐标,将经紫外光老化不同时间得到的A1529/A2956对时间作图,对曲线进行拟合得到表4:
表4
从表4可知,添加了抗老化剂的PU-HDI-聚酯、PU-LDI-聚酯、PU-HTDI-聚酯、PU-HMDI-聚酯拟合终点需4.5小时,拟合终点时长远长于不添加抗老化剂的聚氨酯,拟合斜率小于不添加抗老化剂的聚氨酯,抗老化效果明显。同时,添加了BHT的抗老化剂中,BHT与UV531出现抗老化的协同效应,抗老化效能增强。
本实施例提供的双组分聚氨酯,其力学性能保持优越,拉伸性能得到进一步改善;通过添加剂改性,增强了双组分聚氨酯的耐水性能;通过引入微蚀刻后的导热无机粉体和氧化石墨烯,进一步提高了双组分聚氨酯的导热系数;同时,通过添加抗老化剂,提高了双组分聚氨酯的抗老化性能。
通过上面具体实施方式,技术领域的技术人员可容易的实现本发明。但是应当理解,本发明并不限于上述的具体实施方式。在公开的实施方式的基础上,技术领域的技术人员可任意组合不同的技术特征,从而实现不同的技术方案。
Claims (10)
1.一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:由A组分和B组分混合而成,按重量份数计,所述A组分为包含异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体51-63份、有机溶剂60-85份、稳定剂4.5-7.5份、扩链剂1.5-3份、阻燃剂12-22份、除水剂2-4.5份、防老助剂1.5-3.5份、催化剂1.3-2.5、偶联剂2.5-4.5份及硫醇丁基锡2-3.5份;
所述B组分包含低聚物二醇45-62份、扩链剂3.5-9份、导热填料15-27份及阻燃剂12-15份。
2.如权利要求1所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体由脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂与聚醚二醇反应制得,所述脂肪族二异氰酸脂为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,6-二异氰酸基己酸酯、二聚脂肪酸二异氰酸酯、反丁基二酸二乙脂二异氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基己二异氰酸酯中的至少一种;
所述脂环族二异氰酸脂为甲基环己基二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、环己烯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯中的至少一种;
所述聚醚二醇为聚四甲撑醚二醇、聚丙二醇醚中的至少一种;
所述低聚物二醇为聚碳酸酯二醇、聚丁二烯二醇、聚己内酯二醇中的至少一种;
有机溶剂为丙酮、甲乙酮、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求2所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:用于制备所述A组分中异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体的脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂中异氰酸酯基团(-NCO)与聚醚二醇羟基(-OH)的摩尔比值控制在n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=(9-12)∶3;
用于制备所述A组分异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体的脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂中异氰酸酯基团(-NCO)与低聚物二醇(-OH)的摩尔比值控制在n(-NCO):n(-OH)=(9-12):7。
4.如权利要求1所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述稳定剂为聚碳化二亚胺。
5.如权利要求1所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述A组分和所述B组分中所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、二甘醇三羟基丙烷、乙二胺中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述催化剂为异辛酸铅、二丁基锡二月桂酸酯、N-甲基吗啉或三亚乙基二胺中的至少一种;
所述偶联剂为异氰酸酯偶联剂、巯基偶联剂中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求1所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述A组分中的阻燃剂为硬段阻燃剂,为含两个羟基可聚合在硬段区域的有机磷多元醇、有机磷多元醇与有机硅多元醇中的至少一种;
所述B成分中的阻燃剂为无机阻燃剂,为氢氧化镁、氢氧化锆、硼酸锌、氧化锡中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求1所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述防老助剂按质量份数计,为35-60份的光稳定剂、39-52份的抗氧化剂,所述光稳定剂为紫外吸收剂,为邻轻基二苯甲酮类、水杨酸酯类和邻轻基苯并三唑类中的至少一种;
所述抗氧化剂为烷基单酚抗氧剂2,6二叔丁基-4-甲酚。
9.如权利要求1所述一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述导热填料为氢氧化铝、氧化铝、氮化硼粉体中至少一种与氧化石墨烯的混合粉体,制得所述动力电池用发泡聚氨酯的导热系数为2.5-6.7W/m·k。
10.一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S100:制备所述A组分:
将所述脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂与聚醚二醇反应按摩尔比n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)=(9-12)∶3的比例溶解于有机溶剂中,低压脱水处理,
依次加入给定重量份比例的所述催化剂、扩链剂、偶联剂,脱水处理后超声波分散,加热,在110℃高温下反应,静置30min,降温至75℃后,加入所述稳定剂、阻燃剂、除水剂、防老助剂及硫醇丁基锡,充分搅拌10min;
S200:制备所述B组分:
1)将氢氧化铝、氧化铝、氮化硼粉体中至少一种进行粗化咬蚀处理,将已粗化的所述氢氧化铝、氧化铝、氮化硼粉体中至少一种与氧化石墨烯低压脱水处理,后与阻燃剂混合均匀,所述粉体与所述氧化石墨烯质量比值为(3-5):1;
2)将低聚物二醇、扩链剂混合,充分搅拌,升温110℃进行减压脱水,然后降温至75℃后恢复常压,加入已混合均匀的阻燃剂和导热填料,超声波分散1小时;
S300:混合步骤S100制得的所述A组分与S200制得的所述B组分:按用于制备所述A组分中异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体的脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸脂中的异氰酸酯基团与所述B组分的低聚物二醇羟基的摩尔比值控制在n(—NCO):n(—OH)=(9-12):7的范围内取所述A组分与所述B组分,超声波分散,反应釜搅拌均匀,时间控制在0.5-1小时,制得所述动力电池用发泡聚氨酯;
所述动力电池用发泡聚氨酯在动力电池模组中的应用,按质量比(1.2-6.9):1的混合所述A组分、B组分。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202311000019.1A CN116874730A (zh) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | 一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202311000019.1A CN116874730A (zh) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | 一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN116874730A true CN116874730A (zh) | 2023-10-13 |
Family
ID=88255030
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202311000019.1A Pending CN116874730A (zh) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | 一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN116874730A (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020044744A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 電池ポッティング用2液硬化型樹脂組成物 |
CN110885662A (zh) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-17 | 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 | 聚氨酯软包电池灌封胶及其制备方法 |
CN114015117A (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-08 | 世晨材料技术(上海)有限公司 | 一种导热填料及导热填料制备的耐老化有机硅导热凝胶 |
CN115141345A (zh) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-04 | 惠州东铭新能源材料股份有限公司 | 一种抗老化用于动力电池保温的聚氨酯发泡材料 |
CN115612438A (zh) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-17 | 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 | 高温保持率提升的导热聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-08-09 CN CN202311000019.1A patent/CN116874730A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020044744A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 電池ポッティング用2液硬化型樹脂組成物 |
CN110885662A (zh) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-17 | 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 | 聚氨酯软包电池灌封胶及其制备方法 |
CN114015117A (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-08 | 世晨材料技术(上海)有限公司 | 一种导热填料及导热填料制备的耐老化有机硅导热凝胶 |
CN115141345A (zh) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-04 | 惠州东铭新能源材料股份有限公司 | 一种抗老化用于动力电池保温的聚氨酯发泡材料 |
CN115612438A (zh) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-17 | 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 | 高温保持率提升的导热聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105482060A (zh) | 一种超支化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN1329466C (zh) | 一种无溶剂、低粘度紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯皮革涂饰剂的制备方法 | |
CN113583617B (zh) | 一种自修复反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 | |
CN115181232B (zh) | 一种聚氨酯材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN109456459A (zh) | 一种提高水性聚氨酯耐水或耐溶剂性的方法 | |
CN112029066A (zh) | 快速固化聚氨酯慢回弹泡棉及其制备方法 | |
CN113136019A (zh) | 一种耐候、划痕自愈合弹性防护层树脂 | |
CN114032022B (zh) | 光伏透明背板用外层透明自修复涂层及其制备方法 | |
CN115612438A (zh) | 高温保持率提升的导热聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法 | |
CN111592851A (zh) | 一种耐水型热塑性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法 | |
CN109762459B (zh) | 一种光可逆的疏水自修复无溶剂聚氨酯及其制备方法 | |
CN112961302B (zh) | 一种耐高温高湿聚氨酯发泡材料 | |
CN116200116B (zh) | 一种具有超强力学性能及自修复功能的多功能涂层 | |
CN116874730A (zh) | 一种动力电池用发泡聚氨酯及其制备方法 | |
CN111349416A (zh) | 一种汽车内饰用反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 | |
CN111363114A (zh) | 一种聚氨酯预聚物的制备方法 | |
CN116875258A (zh) | 一种可回收聚氨酯粘结剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114958274B (zh) | 一种二氧化碳羰基反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 | |
CN113307941B (zh) | 一种丙烯酸酯齐聚物及其制备方法与应用方法 | |
CN116622046B (zh) | 一种可后交联的高分子量聚氨酯及其制备方法 | |
CN113603849B (zh) | 一种可室温湿固化硅烷封端聚氨酯-g-聚丙烯酸酯接枝共聚物及其制备方法 | |
CN115418189B (zh) | 基于氢化端羟基聚丁二烯和儿茶酚的自修复聚氨酯热熔胶 | |
CN113336664B (zh) | 生物基水性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN116179137B (zh) | 一种低水汽透过率湿气固化型聚氨酯热熔胶 | |
CN117757030A (zh) | 基于动态二硫键水性聚氨酯导热自修复材料的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |