CN116855534B - Application of PdCSD2 gene in promotion of tree growth - Google Patents

Application of PdCSD2 gene in promotion of tree growth Download PDF

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CN116855534B
CN116855534B CN202310982418.6A CN202310982418A CN116855534B CN 116855534 B CN116855534 B CN 116855534B CN 202310982418 A CN202310982418 A CN 202310982418A CN 116855534 B CN116855534 B CN 116855534B
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pdcsd2
gene
tree
growth
application
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CN116855534A (en
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王殿
赵梦焱
于希豪
周功克
王丛鹏
唐贤丰
刘福妹
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Qingdao Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
    • C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
    • C12N15/8261—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/415—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
    • C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
    • C12N15/8242—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
    • C12N15/8243—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine
    • C12N15/8245—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine involving modified carbohydrate or sugar alcohol metabolism, e.g. starch biosynthesis
    • C12N15/8246—Non-starch polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, fructans, levans
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/146—Genetically Modified [GMO] plants, e.g. transgenic plants

Abstract

The invention discloses application of PdCSD2 gene in promoting tree growth, and application of nucleotide sequence with one or more basic groups substituted, deleted and added modified to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1, and vector and strain containing the nucleotide sequence in promoting the growth of poplar; the application of overexpressing PdCSD2 gene in promoting poplar growth; use of PdCSD2 gene for increasing the number of layers and xylem width of cambium cells of poplar. The application of the PdCSD2 gene in promoting the growth of the tree can obviously improve the plant height and stem thickness of the tree by over-expressing the PdCSD2 gene, obviously promote the growth of the tree and accelerate the growth speed of the tree; the cambium cell number and the xylem width of the tree can be obviously increased, and continuous power is provided for the length and the thickness of the tree; can obviously increase the cellulose content of the trees, improve the toughness of the wood, and make the produced wood possible to have specific application.

Description

Application of PdCSD2 gene in promotion of tree growth
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of genetic engineering, in particular to application of PdCSD2 gene in promoting tree growth.
Background
Wood generally refers to the xylem formed by differentiation of the vascular cambium cells, and its formation is a complex dynamic biological process regulated by genes and the environment, and can be roughly divided into three stages: (1) vascular cambium cell division (proliferation and differentiation); (2) The vascular cambium cells form primary xylem (including xylem vessels and fibroblasts) inward; (3) formation of secondary xylem: the primary xylem cells enter programmed death, the cell walls of the cells are gradually thickened under the action of deposited lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, and cell contents are gradually dissolved, so that the wood consisting of tubular molecules, wood fibers and parenchyma cells is finally formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of PdCSD2 gene in promoting tree growth, so as to improve the tree growth speed, and solve the problems of low yield of wood, high dependence on import, poor toughness of fast-growing poplar wood and narrow application range in China.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides application of the PdCSD2 gene in promoting tree growth.
The nucleotide sequence with one or more basic groups substituted, deleted and added modified to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1, and a carrier and a strain containing the nucleotide sequence are applied to promoting tree growth.
Use of overexpressed PdCSD2 gene for promoting growth of trees.
Use of PdCSD2 gene for increasing the number of layers of cambium cells and xylem width of trees.
Use of PdCSD2 gene for increasing the cellulose content of a tree.
The Nanlin 895 poplar is a new variety bred by the Nanjing forestry university 'Jiuwu' technological attack, has the characteristics of fast growth, high quality, high yield and the like, is inspected and approved by the national forest fine variety in 2002, and is listed in the first-batch tree fine variety directory of the country, and becomes a Yang Shuxin variety (Zhang Yuehu, liu Gang. Yang Shuxin varieties Nanlin 95 poplar, 895 poplar breeding technology [ J ]. Chinese forest side specialty, 2003,000 (004): 38-39.) which is mainly popularized by the national forestry bureau, and then becomes a main poplar planting variety in yellow river. However, the research on poplar at present mainly aims at northern planted varieties such as hairy poplar and 84K, and the report on a method for genetically modifying the southern forest 895 poplar so as to effectively improve the biological yield of the southern forest 895 poplar is relatively few, and successful genetic modification on the southern forest 895 poplar has great influence on improving the biological yield of the southern poplar of yellow river and the total yield of wood in China.
Therefore, the application of the PdCSD2 gene provided by the invention in promoting tree growth has the following specific technical effects:
(1) The overexpression of the PdCSD2 gene can obviously improve the plant height and stem thickness of trees, obviously promote the growth of poplar trees and accelerate the wood forming speed of the trees;
(2) The overexpression of the PdCSD2 gene can obviously increase the cambium cell number and the xylem width of the tree, and provide continuous power for the growth and thickening of the tree;
(3) The cellulose content of the tree can be obviously increased by over-expressing the PdCSD2 gene, the toughness of the wood is improved, and the produced tree wood has specific application possibility.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is the identification result of transgenic plants in the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of identifying the transcript levels of transgenic plants and wild-type plants according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a statistical result of plant height and ground diameter of transgenic plants and wild type plants in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of examining the xylem development of transgenic plants and wild plants in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a measurement of lignin and cellulose content of transgenic plants and wild type plants in example five of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below through the attached drawings and the embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, thorough and complete, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below through the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description is of embodiments, and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
The reagents, kits, media, and instrumentation used in the examples are all commercially available; the formulation of the co-culture liquid medium, the formulation of the co-culture solid medium, the formulation of the screening medium, the formulation of the rooting medium used in the examples are described in the Xu Li university of Qingdao agricultural university paper (2022).
Example 1
The method for constructing the overexpression vector of the PdCSD2 gene comprises the following steps:
(1) Extracting total RNA of 'nan lin 895' by using a kit, reversely transcribing the obtained RNA into cDNA by using a reverse transcription kit, and carrying out PCR amplification on the obtained cDNA, wherein the primer F is as follows: 5'-CGACTCTAGAAAGCTTATGCAAGCAGCTGCAATGGCAG-3'; the primer R is as follows: 5'-CGGGCCCCTGCAGAAGCTTATATTGGAGTCAAACCAACAACTCCAC-3'.
(2) The pCAMBIA1300 vector is subjected to enzyme digestion by using a 'HindIII-HF' restriction enzyme, and a PdCSD2 amplified fragment is inserted between enzyme digestion sites of the pCAMBIA1300 vector by a homologous recombination method, wherein the CDS sequence of the PdCSD2 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1.
(3) Transforming the recombinant vector obtained in the step (2) into competence through conventional operations such as ice bath, heat shock and the likeIn agrobacterium (Agrobacterium rhizogenes) EHA105, plating, picking single colony, performing colony PCR identification, picking and identifying correct colony, shaking to OD 600 The bacterial solution is left at-80 ℃ for 0.6-0.8, and the specific operation method is shown in Xu Li Shuoshi treatises (2022, qingdao agricultural university).
Example two
The method for transforming the heritage of the poplar leaves comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking out the preserved bacterial liquid from the refrigerator at-80 ℃, adding the bacterial liquid into 1mL of liquid LB culture medium containing the resistance of the kana and the rifampicin, incubating at 28 ℃ and 220rpm for 24 hours to activate the bacterial strain, adding 200 mu L of bacterial liquid into 50mL of liquid LB culture medium containing the resistance of the kana and the rifampicin, and culturing until the bacterial strain reaches OD 600 0.6-0.8.
(2) The cells were collected by centrifugation at 5000rpm for 10min, and cultured to OD in a co-culture liquid medium containing Acetosyringone (AS) at a concentration of 100. Mu.M/L at 28℃in a 220rpm incubator 600 0.3-0.4 as an aggressive dyeing liquid.
(3) 2 nd to 5 th tender leaves at the upper end of the aseptic seedling are taken, 3-4 knives are scratched on a main vein by using an aseptic blade, the tender leaves are placed into an invasion dye solution to be soaked for about 8min, the leaves are placed on sterilized filter paper to absorb water, the leaves are spread on a co-culture solid culture medium, and dark treatment is carried out for two days at the temperature of 28 ℃.
(4) And transferring the leaves onto a selection medium for dark culture, cutting off the leaves by a sterile blade after the calli grow to the size of rice grains, transferring the leaves onto a screening medium for inducing buds for culture, cutting off the buds and inserting the buds into a rooting medium for culture after the calli grow into tender buds.
Example III
The DNA positive plants were identified as follows:
taking genetic transformation seedlings growing for 2 months in a rooting medium in the second embodiment, extracting the DNA of poplar stems by using a CTAB method, and carrying out positive identification on Yang Shujing by using GFP tag primer fragments. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
GFP tag primer sequence:
forward primer: 5'-ATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGA-3'
Reverse primer: 5'-CTTGTACAGCTCGTCCATGCC-3'.
Example IV
The gene transcription identification comprises the following steps:
RNA of positive seedling leaves identified in the wild type and the example III are respectively extracted, respectively transcribed into cDNA by using a kit, and fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis is carried out by taking PaUBQ genes as internal references, wherein each sample is provided with 3 biological repeats, and the result is shown in figure 2.
Specific primers for PaUBQ fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis are:
forward primer: 5'-AGACCTACACCAAGCCCAAGAAGAT-3'
Reverse primer: 5'-CCAGCACCGCACTCAGCATTAG-3'.
Specific primers for PdCSD2 fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis were:
forward primer: 5'-TTCCTCATTCCATGGCGTCTC-3'
Reverse primer: 5'-AGCAACAACAAAAGGAGGTTGC-3'.
Example five
Phenotype identification, the method is as follows:
(1) With respect to plant height and ground diameter
The wild type and PdCSD2 transgenic positive seedlings with consistent growth conditions are simultaneously cut and cultured in nutrient soil in a greenhouse (the photoperiod is 16h/8h, and the illumination intensity is 80 mu mol/m) 2 S, temperature 24-26 ℃, humidity 70%), and performing phenotypic observation. Transplanting into greenhouse nutrient soil, wherein the first 2 weeks are set as seedling reviving period, the plant height and ground diameter of seedlings are measured every week from the third week of transplanting, the statistical result is shown in figure 3, wherein part A of figure 3 is the corresponding transgenic plant, part B is the plant height statistical result, and part C is the ground stem statistical result.
(2) Xylem development
Transplanting to a greenhouse 60d, and after counting plant height and ground diameter, respectively taking 20 th stem knots (from bottom to top) of wild poplar 895 and PdCSD2 transgenic positive seedlings for fixing, dehydrating, transparentizing, wax dipping and embedding to obtain wax blocks containing stem knot materials; slicing the wax block by a slicing machine, placing the sliced sheet on a glass slide, then carrying out slice spreading and slice sealing by a slice spreading machine, then carrying out dewaxing by dimethylbenzene and alcohol treatment, dyeing the sliced sheet by using Toluidine Blue (TBO) with the concentration of 1%, washing the dyed sheet by using water after 1min, and carrying out observation and photographing by using a ZEISS microscope, wherein the specific steps are shown in a paper of the university of Tsingtao, xu Li, and the result is shown in fig. 4, wherein part B in fig. 4 is a photomicrograph of an integral stem section, part A is an enlarged photograph of a forming layer part of the stem section, part C is an enlarged photograph of a xylem part of the stem section, scales of the part A and the part C are respectively 50 mu m, and scales of the part B are respectively 200 mu m; part D of fig. 4 shows the number of cambium cell layers statistics; the E part is a xylem width statistical result; part F is the cell wall thickness statistic.
(3) Determination of cell wall Total cellulose content
Transplanting to a greenhouse 60d, counting plant height and ground diameter, respectively taking over-expression positive seedlings and stems between 895 and Miao Di knots of wild poplar from bottom to top, putting the stems into liquid nitrogen for quick freezing, grinding the stems into powder by using a tissue breaker, taking about 1mL of ground sample from each material, adding 80% ethanol into a 2mL centrifuge tube to 1.8mL,12000rpm, centrifuging for 10min, and slightly sucking out supernatant liquid by using a pipetting gun after centrifuging to avoid sucking sediment; adding 1mL of 80% ethanol to the above precipitate, centrifuging at 12000rpm for 10min, gently sucking out the supernatant with a pipette after centrifuging, then using 1mL of absolute ethanol twice at 12000rpm, centrifuging for 10min, gently sucking out the supernatant with a pipette after centrifuging, and adding 1mL of chloroform to the obtained precipitate: methanol=1:1 mixture, heating in 37 ℃ water bath for 40min, centrifuging at 12000rpm for 10min, discarding supernatant, repeating the above steps of adding mixture, water bath, centrifuging once; placing the obtained precipitate into a fume hood, and drying the precipitate to obtain pure cell wall ethanol insoluble substance (AIR).
Weighing 2mg of the AIR sample, putting the AIR sample into a glass tube, slowly adding 0.5mL of 2M TFA into the glass tube, reacting for 90min in a metal bath at 121 ℃, and dissolving hemicellulose; cooling the reacted sample at room temperature, centrifuging for 5min at 5000g, and carefully removing the supernatant; adding 800 mu L of ultrapure water into the precipitate obtained after centrifugation to clean the precipitate, centrifuging for 5min with 5000g, carefully removing the supernatant, and repeating the ultrapure water cleaning and centrifuging steps for one time; absorbing out the supernatant, adding 200 mu L of 72% sulfuric acid, standing at room temperature for reaction for 30min, and dissolving cellulose in the precipitate; to the reacted sample, 800. Mu.L of ultra pure water was added at 12000rpm, and the mixture was centrifuged for 5 minutes, and 500. Mu.L of the supernatant was collected as an experimental group for use.
Preparation of glucose standard curve: 1mg of glucose standard sample was weighed and dissolved in 1mL of ultrapure water to prepare a mother solution. Respectively diluting into solutions of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1mg/mL, and taking 500 mu L of each solution for the following experiment; adding 0.5mL of phenol (6%) into the experimental group and the standard curve group in sequence, mixing uniformly, and mixing uniformly with 2.5mL of sulfuric acid (98%); an equal amount of the reaction solution was pipetted into an ELISA plate and absorbance at 490nm was measured. And drawing a standard curve of the glucose concentration and the absorbance value, and calculating the glucose content in the sample, namely the cellulose content. The results obtained are shown in part B of fig. 5.
(4) Determination of total lignin content of cell wall
Weighing 1mgAIR sample in 2mL centrifuge tube (1 empty tube is reserved for comparison); gently add fresh acetyl bromide solution (25% v/v acetyl bromide/acetic acid) and slowly add 100 μl along the vessel wall; placing the cover covered with the centrifuge tube in a water bath kettle, and reacting for 2 hours at 50 ℃; continuously heating and reacting for 1h, shaking and uniformly mixing every 15min in the middle; placing the reacted material on ice and cooling to room temperature; 400 mu L of 2M NaOH and 70 mu L of newly prepared 0.5M hydroxylamine hydrochloride are added into the cooled reaction sample, and the mixture is uniformly mixed by vortex; transferring the reacted sample into a large centrifuge tube, accurately adding 2mL of glacial acetic acid, and uniformly mixing; 200. Mu.L of the reacted solution was added to an ELISA plate, and the absorbance at 280nm was measured.
Acetyl bromide soluble lignin (% ABSC) =abs (absorbance value)/coeff (coefficient) 0.1cm 2ml 100%/weight (unit: mg)
Coeff: puplar=18.21; cross=17.75. The results obtained are shown in part A of FIG. 5.
Analysis of results
As can be seen from FIG. 1, 8 positive seedlings OE-1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12 were obtained in total.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the relative expression levels of three transgenic plants of OE-4, OE-6 and OE-12 were highest, where the relative expression levels of OE-6 were highest and the relative expression levels of OE-12 were second.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the transgenic lines OE-4, OE-6 and OE-12 had strain heights increased by 13.3%, 12.5% and 6.7% in sequence over the wild-type; the stem thickness was increased by 17.2%, 24.3% and 15.4% in sequence.
The statistics of fig. 4 show that the basal stems of PdCSD2 overexpressing plants have significantly increased numbers of cambium cells and xylem width; further statistics show that the number of cambium cell layers of the PdCSD2 over-expressed plant is increased by about 2 layers, the xylem width is increased by more than 30%, but the difference of the cell wall thicknesses of wood fiber cells is not obvious.
As can be seen from fig. 5, lignin content in PdCSD2 overexpressing plants was significantly reduced compared to wild-type plants by 11.2% and 18.6% in OE-4 and OE-12 transgenic lines, respectively; the cellulose content was found to be increased by 15.2% (OE-4) and 17.2% (OE-12), respectively, in the different transgenic lines compared to the wild-type.
Therefore, the application of the PdCSD2 gene in promoting the growth of the tree can obviously improve the plant height and stem thickness of the tree by over-expressing the PdCSD2 gene, obviously promote the growth of the tree and accelerate the speed of the tree lumber; the cambium cell number and the xylem width of the tree can be obviously increased, and continuous power is provided for the length and the thickness of the tree; can obviously increase the cellulose content of the trees, improve the toughness of the wood, and make the produced wood possible to have specific application.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting it, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme of the invention can be modified or replaced by the same, and the modified technical scheme cannot deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The application of the overexpression PdCSD2 gene in promoting the growth of poplar is disclosed, wherein the CDS sequence of the PdCSD2 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1.
2. The application of the overexpression PdCSD2 gene in increasing the number of layers of cambium cells and the xylem width of poplar is provided, and the CDS sequence of the PdCSD2 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1.
3. The application of the overexpression PdCSD2 gene in increasing the cellulose content of poplar is provided, wherein the CDS sequence of the PdCSD2 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1.
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CN114292855A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-04-08 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 PagARR9 gene for regulating and controlling growth of xylem of poplar and application thereof
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