CN116829395A - 两轮车辆或将摩托车的汽油发动机转换为电动马达的转换套件 - Google Patents
两轮车辆或将摩托车的汽油发动机转换为电动马达的转换套件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116829395A CN116829395A CN202180089461.9A CN202180089461A CN116829395A CN 116829395 A CN116829395 A CN 116829395A CN 202180089461 A CN202180089461 A CN 202180089461A CN 116829395 A CN116829395 A CN 116829395A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- electric motor
- shaft
- motorcycle
- wheeled vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B62J50/00—Arrangements specially adapted for use on cycles not provided for in main groups B62J1/00 - B62J45/00
- B62J50/30—Means for ventilation within devices provided on the cycle, e.g. ventilation means in a battery container
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
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- B60K11/08—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J43/00—Arrangements of batteries
- B62J43/10—Arrangements of batteries for propulsion
- B62J43/16—Arrangements of batteries for propulsion on motorcycles or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J50/00—Arrangements specially adapted for use on cycles not provided for in main groups B62J1/00 - B62J45/00
- B62J50/20—Information-providing devices
- B62J50/21—Information-providing devices intended to provide information to rider or passenger
- B62J50/22—Information-providing devices intended to provide information to rider or passenger electronic, e.g. displays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
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Abstract
本发明的装置的主要目的是通过更换摩托车的部件将具有内燃机的摩托车转换为具有电动马达,从而使外观与原始概念相似,通过使用与汽油车型兼容的许多部件节省开发和制造成本。此外,对电动马达、马达控制器和电池的冷却增加了改进。现在,电动摩托车从一开始就被概念化,该电动摩托车具有电动马达和电气元件的布置,从设计阶段的概念开始,电气元件诸如用来运行电动摩托车的电动马达、控制器和电池就被布置在摩托车的底盘中。其他制造商选择利用具有汽油发动机的摩托车的结构来制造电动车辆。我们的发明属于后一类,利用了现有汽油摩托车的设计,消除了与车辆燃烧系统相关的元件,并使用逆向工程技术,集成了必要的部件,以将其转化为电动车辆。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于摩托车/汽车领域。
本发明的装置的主要目的是转换摩托车/踏板车/轻便摩托车类型的两轮或三轮车辆(以下简称摩托车),其发动机和摇臂以前由汽油发动机组成,并且采用所提出的转化,将会通过更换摩托车的部件,将该发动机和摇臂转换为电动发动机和摇臂,使得外观如下尽可能忠实于最初的概念,通过使用与汽油车型(petrol model)兼容的许多部件来节省开发和制造成本。此外,还对电动马达、马达控制器和电池的冷却增加了改进。
背景技术
现在,电动摩托车从一开始就被概念化,该电动摩托车具有电动马达和电气元件的布置,从设计阶段的概念开始,电气元件诸如用来运行电动摩托车的电动马达、控制器和电池就被布置在摩托车的底盘中。
其他制造商选择利用具有汽油发动机的摩托车的结构来制造电动车辆。我们的发明属于后一类,利用了现有汽油摩托车的设计,消除了与车辆燃烧系统相关的元件,并使用逆向工程技术,集成了必要的部件,以将其转化为电动车辆。
附件是电动摩托车的一些专利,这些专利在电气部件的安装类型上有所不同,并且不是为本发明主题中提出的现有汽油摩托车的电气转换而设计的:
[EN2566751-两轮电动车辆]。
[EN2517290-发动机-发电机和电动马达车]
[EN2559352-用于两轮或三轮电动车辆的倾斜臂装置]。
[EN2397656-跨骑式车辆]。
发明内容
如前几节所述,本发明的装置涉及如何将具有有汽油发动机的摩托车转换为具有电动马达,充分利用部件和底盘、发动机和摆臂的形态,并将电池容纳在可用空间中,充分利用可用空间,实现最大的自主性,同时尊重摩托车的外观设计。
首先,我们将处理发动机和摇臂,因此,与摩托车模型的内燃机(传统上是内燃机)相关的一切都将被取消。也就是说,气缸、气缸盖、活塞、曲轴、燃油箱、化油器、磁性板、燃油箱等都将被移除。
在这一点上,根据要实施的传动器类型(the type of transmission),本发明有两种不同的替代方案,因为原始摩托车模型具有手动变速箱(manual gearbox)。
如果决定保留变速箱,则将保留变速箱的离合器、主轴、小齿轮和副轴。外壳可以保持原样或重新设计,以便能够在磁性板所在的区域拧紧电动马达,使电动马达轴与重新设计的曲轴的轴重合,因为它不需要连杆。
在省去变速箱并制造带传动的电动摩托车的情况下,则应移除用于变速箱的离合器、主轴、链轮、副轴以及摩托车的外壳。内壳可以保持原样或重新设计和简化。
为了完成发动机和摇臂的组装,新部件应布置在框架上,电动马达可位于磁性板以前所在的区域,使电动马达的轴与已移除的曲轴的轴重合,电动马达的轴应包括构成主轴的齿形带轮(toothed pulley)或小齿轮。应提供与轮轴重合的新副轴,并且新副轴容纳另一个齿形带轮或小齿轮。传动(transmission)应通过具有张紧器的皮带或链条完成。副轴依次穿过支撑副轴的两个轴承。其中一个轴承固定至内壳,另一个轴承则固定至外壳。该组件用外壳封闭,这将令人想起原始壳的设计。从外壳凸出的副轴端部应通过花键或沟槽和螺母连接至车轮制动鼓。
为了获得更多的耐用性(greater durability)、更少的维护和更低的制造成本,可以选择包括三轴变速箱的传动系统(transmission system)来代替手动变速箱或皮带驱动(belt drive),第一轴包括连接到电动马达的主变速箱。第二轴包括能够旋转的轴,因为它通过轴承连接到外壳和内壳并且连接到双齿轮。双齿轮能够降低主齿轮的转速,从而将其传递到中间轴。第三个轴由连接到副轴的末端传动齿轮(final gear)组成。副轴能够旋转,因为它通过轴承和/或轴承连接到外壳和内壳,并连接到后轮,并且轮是悬臂式(cantilevered)的。末端传动齿轮(final gear)能够降低双齿轮的转速,并依次连接到轴(the axle)和后轮。
第二,电池应集成到摩托车底盘的可用空间的其中一个中。电池可以容纳在消除燃油箱的中央凹槽中,存放备用轮胎的左壳体(left hand hull)中,或者其他可用的凹槽中,例如底盘中央区域上方和下方的区域。电池的形状可以被设置为最适合电池室(battery compartment),甚至可以令人想起备用轮胎或排气系统的原始形状,以实现忠实于原始设计的外形(image)。
第三,我们将放置发动机控制器,该发动机控制器是一个小型设备,可以放置在摩托车上的任何地方。
我们的发明旨在通过附接至电动马达轴的冷却螺旋桨来优化能源效率并促进冷却。电动马达将由一个蜗形壳覆盖,该蜗形壳将允许螺旋桨产生的空气在电动马达内流动并冷却电动马达。两条管道将把空气从蜗壳引导至能量存储系统和马达控制器,该其将位于摩托车下侧的保护壳内,即排气系统先前所在的位置,因此,通过由运行马达的运动产生的空气流,将冷却两个系统。此外,保护套具有三重功能,一方面如上所述冷却发动机控制器,另一方面保护其免受外部因素的影响,最后用作法拉第笼,使其不会发射影响其他电子设备的电磁场。
最后,摩托车将集成具有的速度表、里程表、电压表、电流表,以及错误测试模式的数字显示器(digital display)。显示器将连接到电池和马达控制器。
上述系统可以通过电线连接,但在数字显示器的情况下也可以是无线或蓝牙。摩托车还应有与智能手机连接的蓝牙和用于定制电子发动机系统的参数的计算机连接端口。
附图说明
为了补充本文的说明并有助于更好地理解本发明的特征,将一组附图作为所述说明组成部分附于本文,其中示例性地且非限制性地描述了以下内容:
图1示出了本发明装置在已知品牌摩托车上的右侧视图,在其优选实施例中,包括与曲轴先前所在的框架部分对齐的电动马达,其由蜗形壳覆盖,该蜗形壳通过管道连接到另一个壳,该另一个壳包含在摩托车底部中的马达控制器,用于其冷却,以及用螺栓连接上述所有元件的内外壳,该内外壳还通过悬架和摆臂轴连接到摩托车底盘。
图2和图18示出了本发明装置在已知品牌摩托车上的后视图,在其优选实施例中,在右侧可以看到由蜗形壳形式的外壳覆盖的框架和电动马达,以及通过风扇叶片的运动进入其中并冷却电池的空气,在左侧可以看到根据图3和图4的电池。在摩托车的中心可以看到根据图5、图6和图7的电池。
图3,图4和图12示出了电池的左侧视图,该电池用于为已知品牌摩托车中的本发明的装置的电动马达提供动力,在其优选实施例中,电池位于左壳体中,在这种类型的摩托车中,备用轮胎通常位于凹槽中。在图3中,电池的形状不规则,体积较大,在下端与备用轮胎的形状相似。在图4中,电池的体积较小,是类似备用轮胎的圆盘。在图12中。电池体积较小,是适合壳体的内中空部分的平行六面体。
图5至图7示出了电池的可能形式的左侧视图,该电池用于为已知品牌摩托车中的本发明的装置的电动马达提供动力。在这些情况下,电池位于摩托车的中心,即之前汽油箱所在的空间,并且可以部分占据为座椅(19)预留的空间,以增加电池体积。
图8示出了另一种可能的电池选项的左侧视图,其用于已知品牌摩托车中的本发明的装置的电动马达提供动力。在这种情况下,电池位于摩托车的中心,摩托车底盘的下部区域,在此处刚好可以支撑脚部。
图9和图10示出了已知品牌摩托车上本发明的装置的电池的左侧视图。在这种情况下,电池位于摩托车的中心,这也是这种类型的摩托车上的备用轮胎所在的位置,两个电池都是圆盘形的,类似于备用轮胎。
图11示出了已知品牌摩托车上本发明的装置的电池的左侧视图。在这种情况下,电池位于后储物箱通常所在的地方。
图14示出了具有皮带驱动的本发明的装置的右侧视图。
图15示出了本发明的装置在其优选实施例中的后视图,该装置具有皮带驱动。
图16示出了在没有摩托车底盘环境的情况下,本发明的装置的其中一个可能的详细电池的右侧视图。
图17和图18示出了本发明的装置的仰视图和后视图,该装置包括由蜗形壳覆盖的电动马达,该蜗形壳通过管道连接到另一个壳,该另一个壳包括摩托车下侧用于冷却的马达控制器,以及内外壳。
图19示出了具有齿轮传动器(gear transmission)的本发明装置的右侧视图。
图19A-A截面图示出图19的截面。
图20示出了本发明的装置在其优选实施例的左视图,该装置包括保护壳,并用作冷却系统的空气管道,以冷却电动马达控制器。
图21和图22和图23和图24示出了本发明装置的侧视图或右视图或等距视图,该装置具有采用齿轮的手动传动器(manual transmission by gears)。
图21B-B截面图示出了图21的截面。
图25示出了本发明装置的等距图,该装置具有能量存储系统,该能量存储系统具有轮盖(wheeled cover)和折叠把手,该轮盖和折叠把手位于原始摩托车的燃油箱先前所在的凹槽中。
以下是包括本发明的附图中所描绘的各种元件的列表:
(1)电动马达
(2)外壳(Outer carter)
(3)内壳(Inner carter)
(4)主带轮/主链轮/主齿轮(Primary pulley/primary sprocket/primarygearing)
(5)副带轮
(6)皮带(Strap)
(7)副轴
(8)轴承
(9)固定环(Security ring)
(10)发动机控制器
(11)能量存储系统
(12)里程表
(13)后轮轮毂
(14)螺母
(15)后轮
(16)前轮
(17)底盘
(18)手把
(19)座椅
(20)存储凹槽
(21)左侧壳体(Left-hand hull)
(22)右侧壳体(Right-hand hull)
(23)后减振器
(24)前减振器
(25)螺旋桨
(26)蜗壳
(27)管道(Pipeline)
(28)管道(Pipeline)
(29)壳(Housing)
(30)中间轴
(31)双齿轮
(32)末端传动齿轮
(33)轴承
(34)把手油门(Fist throttle)
(35)把手上的功率选择器(Power selector on the grip)
(36)电子电位计
(37)电子开关
(38)把手上的齿轮选择器(Gear selector on the handle)
(39)离合器
(40)固定四联齿轮冠状轮(Fixed four-gear crown wheel)
(41)换挡轴(Axis of change)
(42)第一齿轮
(43)第二齿轮
(44)第三齿轮
(45)十字头
(46)柱塞
(47)机电离合器装置
(48)机电齿轮变速装置(Electromechanical gear change device)
具体实施方式
如前所述,从具有内燃机的摩托车的原始设计开始,与内燃机有关的一切都将从传统的内燃机摩托车模型中消除。也就是说,气缸、气缸盖、活塞、曲轴、化油器、磁性板、燃油箱等都将被消除。我们将通过定义添加到从摩托车到电动的转换中的新的组来继续本发明的描述,这是本发明的目的。
从图1、图2、图12、图13和图14中可以看出,本发明的主题是将摩托车从汽油发动机转换为电动马达,在其优选实施例中,包括称为发动机和摇臂的第一组。图1和图2中,新发动机及在其外部部分的摇臂包括电动马达(1)、外壳(2)和内壳(3)。
在这一点上,根据要实施的传动器(transmission)类型,本发明有三种不同的替代方案,因为原始摩托车模型具有手动变速箱。
如果选择手动变速箱,电动马达(1)将通过附接到主齿轮(4)来与曲轴轴对齐,变速箱由三个轴组成。第一轴包括连接到主齿轮(4)和电动马达(1)的离合器(39),该离合器通过其轴连接,以及机电离合器装置(47),该机电离合器装置连接到离合器(39)并且能够移动离合器机构以使主齿轮(4)与离合器(39)和电动马达的轴联合。第二轴包括连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3)的中间轴(30),以及四个固定齿轮(40)的冠部,该冠部能够旋转,因为该冠部通过轴承连接到中间轴(30)。四个固定齿轮(40)中最大的环形齿轮具有阻尼机构,并且与主齿轮(4)接触,并且能够通过接触其齿轮齿来降低主齿轮(5)的转速。第三轴包括第一齿轮(42)、第二齿轮(43)、第三齿轮(44)、能够相对于齿轮(42)、(43)、(44)自由旋转的齿轮轴(41)、附接至齿轮轴(42)的十字轴(45)、附接到十字轴(44)的柱塞(46),以及机电齿轮变速装置,所述机电齿轮变速装置附接到所述柱塞(46)并且能够移动柱塞和十字头以与所述3个齿轮中的其中之一一致,将第一齿轮(42)或第二齿轮(43)或第三齿轮(44)连接到齿轮轴(41)。齿轮轴(41)可以通过轴承(8)和/或轴承(33)连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3)而旋转,并且齿轮轴连接到后轮(15),其中该车轮(15)是悬臂的。第一齿轮(42)、第二齿轮(43)和第三齿轮(44)能够通过接触四个固定齿轮轮辋的齿轮齿来降低四个固定齿轮轮辋(40)的转速。十字头(45)能够移动齿轮轴(41)和第一齿轮(42)、第二齿轮(43)和第三齿轮(44),并通过它们几何中心处的十字头形开口使彼此独立。
在省去原来的手动变速箱并获得具有皮带或链条驱动的电动摩托车的情况下,应移除用于变速箱的离合器、主轴、链轮、副轴以及原始摩托车的外壳(图中未示出)。新部件应布置在框架上,通过将电动马达(1)的轴与已移除的曲轴的轴相匹配,可以将电动马达(1)放置在磁性板以前所在的区域,如图1所示。变速箱元件应更换为齿形带轮/小齿轮,电动马达轴(1)应包括构成主轴的主齿形带轮(4)(或小齿轮)和安装有轴的副皮带轮(5),其可由两个轴承(8)或轴承支撑,而该轴又应通过后轮辋(13)的花键或键槽连接,如图12和13所示。主皮带轮(4)向副皮带轮(5)的移动应通过皮带(6)或链条进行传递,这可能需要也可能不需要张紧器,如图14所示。轴承可通过锁环(9)或平头螺钉固定到内壳(2)和外壳(3)上,如图15所示。内壳(2)可以保持原样,也可以通过简化它而被重新设计。整个传动器(entire transmission)应通过内壳(2)和外壳(3)隐藏,如图12和13所示。
在省去手动变速箱并与手动传动器相比获得传动元件(transmission elements)的更大可靠性和部件的更多节省的情况下,优选的选择是添加具有变速箱的传动器(transmission),其包括三个轴,第一轴包括连接到电动马达(1)的主齿轮(4)。第二轴包括连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3)的中间轴(30)和双齿轮(31),因为该双齿轮通过轴承连接到中间轴(30),所以双齿轮(31)可以旋转。双齿轮(31)能够降低主齿轮(4)的转速。第三轴包括附接到副轴(7)的末端传动齿轮(32)。副轴(7)可以旋转,因为它通过轴承(8)和/或轴承(33)连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3),并且连接到后轮(15),其中该轮(15)是悬臂式的。末端传动齿轮(32)能够降低双齿轮(31)的转速,并依次连接到轴(6)和后轮(15)。
第二,电池(11)应集成在摩托车底盘(17)的可用空间的其中一个中,如图3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13和25所示。根据图5、图6和图7,电池可容纳在消除燃油箱的中央凹槽中,或根据图3、图4和图11,容纳在存放备胎的左壳体(21)中,或容纳在其他可用凹槽中,如底盘(17)中央区域上方和下方的区域,如图9和图10所示。电池(11)可以具有最适合凹槽的形状,或者甚至使人想起在图4、图9和图10中备用轮胎的原始形状,或者如图3中的整流罩、如图11中的排气系统、图7中的座椅(19)或图13中的存储凹槽(20)的形状,以获得忠实于原始设计的外形。本发明涵盖了电池(11)的任何组合。图3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13和25对电池(11)及用于电池的限定凹槽的描述也可以是另一种类型的能量源或能量产生,例如氢电池,氢电池本身或用于供应氢电池的氢罐可以是任何限定的体积。
第三,我们将放置发动机控制器(10),见图1和14,因为它是一个小装置,可以放置在摩托车上的任何地方。
我们的发明优化了能源效率,并通过用于冷却的螺旋桨(25)来促进冷却,该螺旋桨附接到电动马达(10)的轴。电动马达(10)将由蜗壳(26)形式的壳覆盖,该蜗壳将允许由螺旋桨(25)的旋转产生的电动马达内部的空气流,并且将通过引导空气流穿过蜗壳并围绕电动马达来冷却电动马达。通过管道(27)和管道(28),空气将从蜗壳(26)被引导到能量存储系统(11)和发动机控制器(10),该能量存储系统和发动机控制器将位于摩托车下侧的保护壳(29)内,这也是排气系统先前所在的位置,因此,通过运行中的发动机(1)的运动产生的空气流,它将冷却发动机本身和两个系统。此外,壳(29)具有三重功能,一方面如上所述冷却发动机控制器(10),另一方面保护其不受外部因素的影响,并且最终用作发动机控制器(10)的法拉第笼,使得其不发射影响其他电子设备的电磁场。
摩托车应在车把(18)上集成电子油门(34)、油门转把式齿轮选择器(35)或用于手动变速箱、具有三个前进齿轮和反向齿轮的转把式齿轮选择器(38),具有速度表、电压表和电流表的里程表(12),如图1、2和3所示。显示器应连接到电池和发动机控制器(10)。
集成在车把(18)中的油门把手(34),和应连接到油门把手装置(34)和发动机控制器(10)的电子电位计(36)。
功率转换旋钮(35)可以通过机械电缆和套筒连接,并且通过转动功率转换旋钮,机械电缆可以被致动,并且这又移动连接到发动机控制器(10)的电子开关(37),从而允许以三种不同的额定功率来改变发动机控制器(10)的功率图。
对于手动变速箱,油门换档选择装置(38)可以致动连接到发动机控制器(10)的电子开关(37),从而允许以三个不同的额定功率来改变发动机控制器功率图,并且油门换档选择装置(38)可以致动作用于机电离合器装置(47)的电子开关(37),机电离合器装置(47)将致动离合器(39),使主齿轮(4)自由地允许变换齿轮,而机电式齿轮变换装置(48)将与离合装置(39)同步地致动柱塞(46)并移动十字头(45),直到其定位在对应于所选齿轮的齿轮中。
上述系统可以通过电线连接,并且在数字显示器(12)的情况下也可以是无线或蓝牙。摩托车还可能有与智能手机连接的蓝牙和用于定制电动马达(1)的电子系统参数的计算机连接端口。
本发明的工业应用范围从用于大规模生产的现有这种类型的摩托车的构思和重新设计,到用于随后制造和销售这种类型摩托车的电动转换套件的单独部件的设计。
Claims (17)
1.两轮摩托车、踏板车或轻便摩托车型两轮车辆或用于踏板车的汽油到电动的转换套件,其特征在于,其包括:
·电动马达(1),
·外壳(2),电动马达(1)能够用螺栓固定在该外壳(2)的外表面上,
·内壳(3),该内壳用螺栓固定至外壳(2),内壳具有合适尺寸的内腔以隐藏传动元件,
·能够与电动马达(1)的轴接合并将其连接至传动器的主小齿轮或主齿轮(4),
·能够驱动发动机(1)的发动机控制器(10);和
·能够为电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统(11),该能量存储系统的尺寸和维度与原始摩托车的整流罩中的一个或多个凹槽相适应。
·里程表(12),
·后轮(15),
·前轮(16),
·底盘(17),
·手把(18),
·一个座椅(19),
·存储凹槽(20),
·左侧整流罩(21),
·右侧整流罩(22),完全或部分覆盖发动机(1),
·后减震器(23),
·前减震器(24),
·用于冷却的螺旋桨(25),该螺旋桨附接至电动马达(10)的轴,
·蜗形壳(26),该蜗形壳覆盖发动机(1)并具有外部开口,该外部开口允许空气吸入和由所述螺旋桨(25)的旋转产生的围绕该电动马达的空气流来冷却所述电动马达,
·管道(27),用于从蜗壳(26)引导空气以冷却能量存储系统(11),
·管道(28),用于将空气从蜗壳(26)引导至壳(29),
·壳(29),该壳能够将马达控制器(10)与外部环境屏蔽,并且能够防止由马达控制器(10)从外部环境产生的电磁干扰,通过螺旋桨(25)的旋转产生的空气来冷却马达控制器,空气穿过管道(28)并通过壳(29)的一个或多个开口排出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,所述传动系统包括由三个轴组成的手动变速箱,第一轴包括通过其轴连接到主齿轮(4)和连接到电动马达(1)的离合器(39),以及连接到离合器(39)并且能够移动离合器机构的机电离合器装置(47),以便使主齿轮(3)与离合器(39)和电动马达(1)的轴联合,第二轴包括连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3)的中间轴(30),以及四个固定齿轮的冠部(40),由于该四个固定齿轮的冠部通过轴承连接到中间轴(3),该四个固定齿轮的冠部能够旋转,四个固定齿轮(40)中最大的环形齿轮具有阻尼机构,并且与主齿轮(4)接触,并且能够通过接触其齿轮齿来降低主齿轮(5)的转速,第三轴包括第一齿轮(42)、第二齿轮(43)、第三齿轮(44)、能够相对于齿轮(42)、(43)、(44)自由旋转的齿轮轴(41)、附接至齿轮轴(42)的十字轴(45)、附接到十字轴(45)的柱塞(46),以及机电齿轮变速装置,所述机电齿轮变速装置附接到所述柱塞(46)并且能够移动柱塞和十字头以与该三个齿轮的其中一个一致,将第一齿轮(42)或第二齿轮(43)或第三齿轮(44)连接到齿轮轴(41),齿轮轴(41)通过轴承(8)和/或轴承(33)连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3)而能够旋转,并且齿轮轴连接到后轮(15),并且轮(15)是悬臂式的,第一齿轮(42)、第二齿轮(43)、第三齿轮(44)能够通过它们的齿轮齿接触来降低四个固定齿轮冠状轮(40)的转速,十字头(45)能够移动齿轮轴(41)和第一齿轮(42)、第二齿轮(43)、第三齿轮(44),并通过它们几何中心处的十字头形开口使齿轮轴和第一齿轮、第二齿轮、第三齿轮彼此独立。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,所述传动系统包括连接到电动马达(1)的主带轮(4)和连接到后轮(15)的副带轮(5),以及能够将带轮的运动传递到副带轮的皮带或链条(6)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,所述传动系统包括减速齿轮,所述减速齿轮包括三个轴,所述第一轴包括连接到所述电动马达(1)的主齿轮(4),第二轴包括连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3)的中间轴(30),以及双齿轮(31),该双齿轮由于其通过轴承连接到中间轴(30)而能够旋转,双齿轮(31)能够降低主齿轮(4)的转速,第三轴包括末端传动齿轮(32)和连接到末端传动齿轮(31)的副轴(7),副轴(7)通过轴承和/或轴承连接到外壳(2)和内壳(3)而能够旋转,并且连接到后轮(15),并且轮(15)是悬臂式的,末端传动齿轮(32)能够减低双齿轮(31)的转速,并依次连接到副轴(7)和后轮(15)。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统包括至少一个电池(11),该电池的形状和尺寸使得其能够位于底盘的可用空间的其中一个中。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统包括至少一个氢燃料电池(11)和氢罐(11),该氢燃料电池和氢罐的形状和尺寸使得它们能够位于底盘的可用空间中。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括具有原始摩托车的汽油箱形状的盖,并且能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统(11)的尺寸和维度被设置为使其隐藏在该盖的下方。
8.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括原始摩托车的备胎形状的盖,并且能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统(11)的尺寸和维度被设置为使其隐藏在该盖的下方。
9.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括具有后储物箱形状的盖,并且能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统(11)的尺寸和维度被设置为使其隐藏在该盖的下方。
10.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括具有原始摩托车的整流罩(21,22)形状的盖,并且能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统(11)的尺寸和维度被设置为使其隐藏在该盖的下方。
11.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括具有储物室(20)形状的盖,并能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统(11)的尺寸和维度被设置为使其隐藏在该盖的下方。
12.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括电动马达,所述电动马达对准原始摩托车的曲轴的纵向轴线原始所在的位置。
13.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括里程计装置(12),该里程计装置与速度计、电压表和电流表集成在所述车把(18)中,里程计装置能够连接到电池、马达控制器(10)和电动马达(1),以获得待显示在里程计装置上的数据。
14.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,所述两轮车辆包括集成在手把(18)中的油门把手(34)和连接到油门把手和马达控制器(10)的电子电位计(36),油门把手(34)能够通过具有机械式套筒的缆线连接,并且通过转动油门把手(34)能够致动机械缆线,并且这又移动连接到电动马达控制器(10)的电子电位计(36)并致动电动马达(1)。
15.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括具有三个位置和反向齿轮的油门控制器(35)和连接到油门控制器(35)的电子开关(37),该节气门控制器集成在车把(18)中,袖带功率选择器(35)能够通过机械缆线以及套筒连接,并且通过转动袖带功率选择装置(35)能够致动机械缆线,并且这又移动连接到发动机控制器(10)的电子开关(37),从而允许以三种不同的额定功率改变发动机控制器(10)的功率图。
16.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括油门齿轮选择装置(38)和电子开关(37),该油门齿轮选择装置具有三个或四个前进齿轮和一个反向齿轮并集成在手把(18)中,该电子开关连接到所述油门齿轮选择装置(35),离合器齿轮选择装置(38)能够操作连接到发动机控制器(10)的电子开关(37),从而允许以三个不同的额定功率改变发动机控制器的功率图,机电离合器装置(47)会致动释放主齿轮(4)的离合器(39)以允许切换齿轮,而机电齿轮切换装置(48)会与离合器(39)同步地致动柱塞(46)并移动离合器(39),离合器(39)移动十字头(45)直到其定位在对应于所选齿轮的齿轮中,如果在把手(38)上的齿轮选择器上选择位置1则将换档轴(41)固定并锁定第一齿轮(42),如果在把手(38)上的齿轮选择器上选择位置2则使用第二齿轮(43),如果在把手(38)上的齿轮选择器上选择了位置3,则使用第三齿轮(44),如果在把手(38)上的齿轮位置选择器上选择反向齿轮位置,则使用第一齿轮并将反转发动机的旋转方向。
17.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的两轮车辆,其特征在于,该两轮车辆包括能够移动的轮盖和能够隐藏的可延伸把手,该可延伸把手位于所述原始摩托车的汽油箱先前所在的凹槽中,该凹槽位于座椅(19)下方,并且能够向电动马达(1)供电的能量存储系统(11)具有允许该可延伸把手隐藏在该盖内的尺寸和维度。
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PCT/ES2021/070783 WO2022096766A1 (es) | 2020-11-05 | 2021-10-29 | Vehiculos de dos ruedas o kit de conversión motocicleta con motor a gasolina a motor eléctrico |
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ITFI20110054A1 (it) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-01 | Fabrizio Bernini | Metodo per modificare un motociclo e motore elettrico per motociclo |
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