CN116789658A - 1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法 - Google Patents
1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 1-chloro-4- (beta-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -2- (4-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy-benzyl) -benzene Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物制备技术领域,尤其是一种1‑氯‑4‑(β‑D‑吡喃葡萄糖‑1‑基)‑2‑(4‑四氢呋喃‑3‑基氧基‑苄基)‑苯的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:化合物A进行二甲基缩酮保护羰基生成化合物B;D‑葡萄糖酸‑1,5‑内酯与三甲基氯硅烷合成2,3,4,6‑四‑O‑(三甲基甲硅烷基)‑D‑葡萄吡喃酮,再与化合物B反应合成化合物C;化合物C脱保护合成化合物D;化合物D经还原反应合成化合物E。本发明的制备方法减少了部分原料使用量,降低了反应生成的副产物,提高了反应收率,大幅度降低了成本,具备商业化生产的优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制备技术领域,尤其是一种1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法。
背景技术
CN 101193903A公布了一种合成方法,合成路线如下:
该方法在第四步反应过程中,化合物4经叔丁基锂试剂进行卤锂交换后,和2,3,4,6-四-O-(三甲基甲硅烷基)-D-葡萄吡喃酮进行反应,由于两个苯环之间碳原子上氢的酸性较强,导致消耗过量很多的叔丁基锂,且需要-78℃的超低温度才能进行反应,反应收率低,副产物多,且所用叔丁基锂危险性高,不易于生产放大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,该制备方法具有成本低、工艺安全稳定,收率高,适合生产放大等优点。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,化学反应式如下:
具体包括以下步骤:
1)化合物A进行二甲基缩酮保护羰基生成化合物B;
2)D-葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯与三甲基氯硅烷合成2,3,4,6-四-O-(三甲基甲硅烷基)-D-葡萄吡喃酮,再与化合物B反应合成化合物C;
3)化合物C在有机溶剂中经脱保护合成化合物D;
4)化合物D在有机溶剂中经还原反应合成化合物E。
进一步的,所述步骤1)中的具体步骤为:向质子性溶剂中加入(MeO)3CH,酸催化剂和化合物A,搅拌升温至回流反应2~3小时,反应完全,后处理得到化合物B。
进一步的,所述质子性溶剂选自甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇中的一种。
进一步的,所述酸催化剂选自对甲苯磺酸,甲基磺酸,对硝基苯磺酸中的一种。
进一步的,所述质子性溶剂选用甲醇,所述酸催化剂选用对甲苯磺酸,化合物A与(MeO)3CH、对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为:1:1.1~1.5:0.1~0.5。
进一步的,所述步骤2)中的具体步骤为:向四氢呋喃中加入D-葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯和有机碱,降温至-5℃~5℃,滴加三甲基氯硅烷后,室温下反应1~2h,反应完全,经后处理后与化合物B在四氢呋喃溶剂中混合后降温至-10~-20℃,再滴加金属锂试剂进行反应,合成化合物C。
进一步的,所述有机碱,选自N-甲基吗啉,吡啶,三乙胺中的一种。
进一步的,所述金属锂试剂,选自正丁基锂,叔丁基锂中的一种。
进一步的,所述有机碱选用N-甲基吗啉,所述金属锂试剂选用正丁基锂,化合物B与D-葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯、正丁基锂的摩尔比为:1:1.1~1.3:1.1~1.2。
进一步的,所述步骤3)中的具体步骤为:向质子性溶剂中加入化合物C和酸催化剂,在室温下反应完毕后,后处理合成化合物D。
进一步的,所述质子性溶剂选自甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇中的一种。
进一步的,所述酸催化剂选自对甲苯磺酸,甲基磺酸,对硝基苯磺酸中的一种。
进一步的,所述质子性溶剂选用甲醇,所述酸催化剂选用对甲苯磺酸,化合物C与对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为:1:1.1~1.5。
进一步的,所述步骤4)中的具体步骤为:化合物D和三乙基甲硅烷在四氢呋喃中,经硼试剂还原后,后处理合成化合物E。
进一步的,所述硼试剂选自硼烷-四氢呋喃,硼氢化锂,三氟化硼中的一种。
进一步的,所述硼试剂选用三氟化硼,化合物D与三氟化硼的摩尔比为:1:2.1~2.5。
采用本发明的技术方案的有益效果是:
本发明中对化合物C(5-溴-2-氯苯基)[4-[(四氢-3-呋喃基)氧基]苯基]甲酮进行了二甲基缩酮保护,避免了下步反应中金属锂试剂的过量消耗,且经二甲基缩酮保护后的化合物可用正丁基锂代替叔丁基锂进行反应,避免了使用高活性高危险性的叔丁基锂,提高了反应温度,降低了对生产设备的需求,工艺稳定,副产物小,收率高,适合商业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明中的一种;1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法作进一步说明。
实施例1:化合物A的合成
合成路线如下:
参考专利公开号CN 101193903A《制备吡喃葡萄糖基取代的苄基苯衍生物及其中间体的方法》实施例Ⅱ和实施例Ⅳ。
实施例2:化合物B的合成
合成路线如下:
向250毫升甲醇中加入1.80克(0.20eq)对甲苯磺酸,20.00克(1.00eq)化合物A,6.67克(1.20eq)(MeO)3CH搅拌升温至回流2小时,TLC监控无原料剩余,降温至30℃以下,加入500毫升水,用乙酸乙酯萃取300毫升*2次,合并有机相用250毫升饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,有机相减压脱溶,得19.05克白色固体化合物B,收率:85.0%,HPLC:99.36%。
实施例3:化合物C的合成
合成路线如下:
向200毫升四氢呋喃中加入22.80克(1.10eq)D-葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯和58.85克(5.00eq)N-甲基吗啉,氮气保护下冷却降温至-5℃。随后滴加56.88克(4.50eq)三甲基氯硅烷,控温-5~5℃。滴加完毕,反应液在室温下搅拌反应过夜。向反应液中加入300毫升甲苯,冰水浴冷却下,缓慢加入500毫升冰水以使温度不超过10℃,随后将有机相分离,用磷酸二氢钠水溶液、水及盐水洗涤。有机相减压脱溶去除溶剂,用四氢呋喃夹带除去残留溶剂和水分。向浓缩物中加入300毫升四氢呋喃,50.00克(1.00eq)化合物B在氮气下搅拌冷却至-20~-10℃。将64毫升(1.10eq)2.0M正丁基锂/四氢呋喃溶液缓慢添加到反应液中,滴加完毕,
-20~-10℃下反应1h,加入饱和氯化铵淬灭后,乙酸乙酯萃取,减压脱溶得粗品化合物C,按照100%理论收率进行下一步反应。
实施例4:化合物D的合成
合成路线如下:
向实施例3中制备的粗品化合物C中加入200毫升甲醇溶解,加入26.17克(1.30eq)对甲苯磺酸,在室温下反应过夜,随后用固体碳酸氢钠中和反应液,减压脱溶后,加入碳酸氢钠水溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,经硫酸钠干燥后过滤淋洗,减压脱溶得53.23克粗品化合物D,收率:92.1%,HPLC:95.60%。
实施例5:化合物E的合成
合成路线如下:
向反应瓶中加入40毫升二氯甲烷和80毫升乙腈,再加入20.00g(1.00eq)粗品化合物D和13.5毫升三乙基甲硅烷,控温-10~0℃滴加4.5毫升(2.20eq)三氟化硼/四氢呋喃溶液,滴毕,0-5℃下反应3h,TLC中控无原料,加入碳酸氢钠溶液淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取后,饱和食盐水洗涤,有机相减压浓缩后乙醇重结晶,得16.65克白色晶体化合物E,收率:91.8%,HPLC:99.58%。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的权利方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (10)
1.一种1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:化学反应式如下:
具体包括以下步骤:
1)化合物A进行二甲基缩酮保护羰基生成化合物B;
2)D-葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯与三甲基氯硅烷合成2,3,4,6-四-O-(三甲基甲硅烷基)-D-葡萄吡喃酮,再与化合物B反应合成化合物C;
3)化合物C脱保护合成化合物D;
4)化合物D进行还原反应合成化合物E。
2.根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中的具体步骤为:向质子性溶剂中加入(MeO)3CH,酸催化剂和化合物A,搅拌升温至回流反应2~3小时,反应完全,后处理得到化合物B。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述质子性溶剂选自甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇中的一种;
所述酸催化剂选自对甲苯磺酸,甲基磺酸,对硝基苯磺酸中的一种;
所述质子性溶剂选用甲醇,所述酸催化剂选用对甲苯磺酸,化合物A与(MeO)3CH、对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为:1:1.1~1.5:0.1~0.5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中的具体步骤为:向四氢呋喃中加入D-葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯和有机碱,降温至-5℃~5℃,滴加三甲基氯硅烷后,室温下反应1~2h,反应完全,经后处理后与化合物B在四氢呋喃溶剂中混合后降温至-10~-20℃,再滴加金属锂试剂进行反应,合成化合物C。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述有机碱选自N-甲基吗啉,吡啶,三乙胺中的一种;
所述金属锂试剂选自正丁基锂,叔丁基锂中的一种;
所述有机碱选用N-甲基吗啉,所述金属锂试剂选用正丁基锂,化合物B与D-葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯、正丁基锂的摩尔比为:1:1.1~1.3:1.1~1.2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3)中的具体步骤为:向质子性溶剂中加入化合物C和酸催化剂,在室温下反应完毕后,后处理合成化合物D。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述质子性溶剂,选自甲醇质子性溶剂选自甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇中的一种;
所述酸催化剂选自对甲苯磺酸,甲基磺酸,对硝基苯磺酸中的一种;
所述质子性溶剂选用甲醇,所述酸催化剂选用对甲苯磺酸,化合物C与对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为:1:1.1~1.5。
8.根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4)中的具体步骤为:化合物D和三乙基甲硅烷在四氢呋喃中,经硼试剂还原后,后处理合成化合物E。
9.根据权利要求8所述的1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述硼试剂选自硼烷-四氢呋喃,硼氢化锂,三氟化硼中的一种。
10.根据权利要求8所述的1-氯-4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1-基)-2-(4-四氢呋喃-3-基氧基-苄基)-苯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述硼试剂选用三氟化硼,化合物D与三氟化硼的摩尔比为:1:2.1~2.5。
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