CN116711484B - Multifunctional cultivator and application method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional cultivator and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116711484B CN116711484B CN202310993755.5A CN202310993755A CN116711484B CN 116711484 B CN116711484 B CN 116711484B CN 202310993755 A CN202310993755 A CN 202310993755A CN 116711484 B CN116711484 B CN 116711484B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/06—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on vertical or steeply-inclined shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/087—Lifting devices; Depth regulation devices; Mountings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/10—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action
- A01B33/106—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action the rotating shaft being oriented vertically or steeply inclined
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/12—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/14—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with dispensing apparatus, e.g. for fertilisers, herbicides or preservatives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional cultivator and a using method thereof; comprises a frame, a transmission device, a soil dividing plow, a weeding and fertilizing mechanism and a soil turning mechanism; according to the weeding and fertilizing mechanism, when the mowing knife is used for cutting a ridge, the sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod is just abutted against the bulge, and the valve core on the trigger rod moves by the downward extrusion constraint of the bulge on the axial direction of the trigger rod, so that the valve corresponding to the valve core is opened; so that the fertilizer sprayed by the nozzles is just positioned in the soil; thus preserving soil moisture better; so as to realize topdressing while weeding and shallow turning of the ridges.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional cultivator and a using method thereof.
Background
During the growth period of the crop field, weeds often grow rapidly, the ridge body is greatly reduced due to rain wash and the like, and soil can become hardened after the field is not cultivated for a long time, so that surface soil needs to be loosened, the soil hardening condition is improved, and a comfortable soil environment is created for the growth and development of crop root systems. The intertillage ridging is weeding ridging operation realized by improving the physical properties of surface soil through mechanical force, and can coordinate the relationship between crops and the environment and between factors of the environment during the growth period of a field through intertillage, regulate soil moisture, enhance soil ventilation, accelerate soil nutrient conversion, improve soil temperature, and simultaneously eradicate field weeds, thereby finally achieving the purpose of improving the yield and quality of crop leaves.
The existing ridging cultivator has single structure and function, and can only perform ridging on the ridges; although the prior art has an emerging technology capable of weeding, the grass can not be effectively root-cut and shoveled only by turning the grass through a soil dividing plow;
meanwhile, the cultivator cannot adjust the gradient and the width of the ridges according to the types of the ridges, the operation universality is not strong, and therefore the fixed ridge distance and the ridge shape cannot adapt to the growth process of other crops.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved are as follows:
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides the multifunctional cultivator and the use method thereof, and the weeding and fertilizing mechanism, the soil turning mechanism and the soil distributing plough are matched to realize the diversified operations of weeding among ridges, weeding and shallow turning and fertilizing among ridges, deep turning and fertilizing among ridges, weeding and deep turning and fertilizing among ridges, thereby improving the utilization rate of equipment and solving the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
The technical scheme is as follows:
in order to achieve the above purpose, the application is realized by the following technical scheme:
the application provides a multifunctional cultivator, which comprises a frame, a transmission device, a soil dividing plow, a weeding and fertilizing mechanism, a soil turning mechanism and a hopper; the front side and the rear side below the frame are provided with walking wheels; a soil dividing plow is arranged below the middle part of the frame, and a transmission device is arranged at the top of the soil dividing plow; two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms and two soil turning mechanisms are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the transmission device; the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms and the two soil turning mechanisms are mutually crossed to form an inclined V shape, and the inclined V shape is matched with the gradient of a ridge; the transmission device is used for driving the weeding and fertilizing mechanism and the soil turning mechanism to weed, fertilize, turn soil and hilling the ridges.
Preferably, the transmission device comprises a first bevel gear, and four second bevel gears are respectively meshed with the front side and the rear side of the first bevel gear; the first two bevel gears are in transmission connection with the weeding and fertilizing mechanism through universal joints, and the second bevel gears are in transmission connection with the turning mechanism through universal joints; a telescopic main shaft is arranged above the first bevel gear, a motor is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic main shaft, and the motor is fixedly connected with the frame.
Preferably, the upper ends of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms are movably connected with the frame through a first adjusting mechanism; the upper ends of the two soil turning mechanisms are movably connected with the frame through a second adjusting mechanism; the weeding and fertilizing mechanism and the soil-turning mechanism are respectively used for adjusting the inclination angle and the opening and closing angle through the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, the first adjusting mechanism comprises a first sliding seat, and the first sliding seat is provided with two sliding seats which are respectively connected with the frame in a sliding way; the middle parts of the two first sliding seats are penetrated and rotatably matched with a first bidirectional screw rod, threads on two side rod bodies of the first bidirectional screw rod are opposite in rotation direction, two first adjusting seats are arranged on the inner sides of the first sliding seats, and the first adjusting seats are respectively matched with threads of the first bidirectional screw rod in different rotation directions; the front side thread of the first adjusting seat is matched with a first screw rod, and the first screw rod is movably connected with the upper end of the weeding and fertilizing mechanism.
Preferably, the second adjusting mechanism comprises a second slide seat, and the second slide seat is provided with two slide seats and is respectively connected with the rack in a sliding manner; the middle parts of the two sliding seats II are penetrated and rotatably matched with two bidirectional screw rods II, the screw threads of the two side rod bodies of the two bidirectional screw rods II are opposite in rotation direction, the inner sides of the two sliding seats II are provided with two adjusting seats II, and the two adjusting seats II are respectively in threaded fit with the screw threads of the two bidirectional screw rods II in different rotation directions; the screw rod II is in threaded fit with the rear side of the adjusting seat II, and the screw rod II is movably connected with the turning mechanism through a universal joint.
Preferably, the weeding and fertilizing mechanism comprises a storage pipe, and the bottom of the hopper is connected with the upper end of the storage pipe through a corrugated pipe; the bottom of the storage tube is matched with the universal joint through a shaft pin; the top end of the storage pipe is rotatably connected with a flow distribution sleeve; the outer side of the storage tube is fixedly connected with a mowing knife through a plurality of nozzles, the mowing knife is spiral, and the plurality of nozzles are arranged around the storage tube along the spiral track of the mowing knife; each nozzle is communicated with the storage pipe; the root of each nozzle is provided with a valve; a trigger rod is arranged on one side of each valve close to the flow distribution sleeve; the outer end of each nozzle is arranged on the non-cutting side of the mowing knife.
Preferably, a limiting ring is arranged on one side of the triggering rod, which is close to the valve, and a spring is arranged between the limiting ring and the valve; one end of the trigger rod, which is assembled with the valve, is provided with a valve core; a connecting rod is arranged above the distributing sleeve, and the top of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first screw rod through a ball pair; the flow distribution sleeve is provided with a guide step close to the trigger rod, the middle part of the guide step is provided with a sleeve, and the outer side of the guide step is movably provided with a bulge; the sleeve is rotationally connected with the storage tube; the guide step and the bulge are matched with a sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod.
Preferably, the soil turning mechanism comprises a transmission rod, and spiral blades are arranged around the transmission rod.
The application method of the multifunctional cultivator provided by the other aspect of the application is characterized in that: the method comprises the operation modes of weeding among ridges, shallow turning and fertilizing among ridges, deep turning and weeding among ridges, and deep turning and fertilizing among ridges;
weeding among ridges:
s1, firstly, only installing two bevel gears II on the front side of a transmission device with a weeding and fertilizing mechanism, and dismantling a turning mechanism;
s2, changing the distance between the first adjusting seats by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw rod, so that the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw rod I;
s3, starting a motor to rotate, driving a bevel gear I to rotate by a telescopic main shaft, driving a universal joint to rotate by the bevel gear I, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms to rotate, wherein a mowing knife can cut the surface of a slope of a ridge, so that weeds in the ridge can be root-digged;
weeding and shallow turning fertilization between ridges:
s1, firstly, only installing two bevel gears II on the front side of a transmission device with a weeding and fertilizing mechanism, and dismantling a turning mechanism;
s2, changing the distance between the first adjusting seats by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw rod, so that the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw rod I; the mowing knife on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s3, adding a water-soluble slow-release fertilizer into the hopper, and pressurizing; under the action of pressure and gravity, water and fertilizer can enter the storage tube through the corrugated tube;
s4, starting a motor to rotate, driving a bevel gear I to rotate by a telescopic main shaft, driving a universal joint to rotate by the bevel gear I, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms to rotate, wherein a mowing knife can cut the surface of a slope of a ridge, so that weeds in the ridge can be root-digged; meanwhile, when the mowing knife is used for cutting the ridge, the sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod is just abutted against the bulge, and the bulge is used for axially extruding and restraining the trigger rod to enable the valve core on the trigger rod to move, so that the valve corresponding to the valve core is opened;
deep turning among ridges:
s1, firstly, only installing two bevel gears II on the rear side of a transmission device with a soil turning mechanism, and dismantling a weeding and fertilizing mechanism;
s2, extending the telescopic main shaft to increase the ground depth of the soil dividing plow;
s3, changing the distance between the two adjusting seats by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw rod II, so that the included angle of the two turning mechanisms can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotating screw rod II; the helical blade on the soil turning mechanism can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s4, starting a motor to rotate, driving a bevel gear I to rotate by a telescopic main shaft, driving a universal joint to rotate by the bevel gear I, and further driving two soil turning mechanisms to rotate, turning soil of a furrow to two sides at the moment by a soil dividing plow, and conveying the turned soil to a ridge by a soil turning mechanism to realize deep turning and hilling;
weeding and deep turning among ridges:
s1, firstly, installing a weeding and fertilizing mechanism and a turning mechanism on a transmission device;
s2, extending the telescopic main shaft to increase the ground depth of the soil dividing plow;
s3, changing the distance between the first adjusting seats by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw rod, so that the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw rod I; the mowing knife on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s4, changing the distance between the two adjusting seats by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw rod II, so that the included angle of the two turning mechanisms can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotating screw rod II; the helical blade on the soil turning mechanism can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s5, starting a motor to rotate, driving a bevel gear I to rotate by a telescopic main shaft, driving a universal joint to rotate by the bevel gear I, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms to rotate, wherein a mowing knife can cut the surface of a slope of a ridge, so that weeds in the ridge can be root-digged; simultaneously driving the two soil turning mechanisms to rotate, turning the soil of the furrows to two sides by the soil dividing plow, and conveying the turned soil to the ridges by the soil turning mechanisms to realize deep turning and hilling;
weeding, deep turning and fertilizing among ridges:
s1, firstly, installing a weeding and fertilizing mechanism and a turning mechanism on a transmission device;
s2, extending the telescopic main shaft to increase the ground depth of the soil dividing plow;
s3, adding a water-soluble slow-release fertilizer into the hopper, and pressurizing; under the action of pressure and gravity, water and fertilizer can enter the storage tube through the corrugated tube;
s4, changing the distance between the first adjusting seats by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw rod, so that the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw rod I; the mowing knife on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s5, changing the distance between the two adjusting seats by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw rod II, so that the included angle of the two turning mechanisms can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotating screw rod II; the helical blade on the soil turning mechanism can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s6, starting a motor to rotate, driving a bevel gear I to rotate by a telescopic main shaft, driving a universal joint to rotate by the bevel gear I, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms to rotate, wherein a mowing knife can cut the slope surfaces of the ridges, so that weeds in the ridges can be root-digged; meanwhile, when the mowing knife is used for cutting the ridge, the sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod is just abutted against the bulge, and the bulge is used for axially extruding and restraining the trigger rod to enable the valve core on the trigger rod to move, so that the valve corresponding to the valve core is opened; so that the fertilizer sprayed by the nozzles is just positioned in the soil;
s7, simultaneously driving two soil turning mechanisms to rotate, turning soil of the furrows to two sides by the soil dividing plow, and conveying the turned soil to the ridges by the soil turning mechanisms to realize deep turning and hilling;
multi-ridge operation:
a plurality of cultivator are fixed together side by side according to the spacing between ridges through a screw rod, so that multi-ridge operation can be realized; the operation form comprises: weeding among ridges, shallow turning and fertilizing among ridges, deep turning and deep turning among ridges, weeding among ridges, and deep turning and fertilizing among ridges.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. according to the application, the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism are arranged, and the weeding and fertilizing mechanism and the soil turning mechanism are respectively used for adjusting the inclination angle and the opening and closing angle through the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism, so that the weeding and fertilizing mechanism and the soil turning mechanism can be better matched with the gradient of a ridge;
2. according to the weeding and fertilizing mechanism, when the mowing knife is used for cutting a ridge, the sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod is just abutted against the bulge, and the valve core on the trigger rod moves by the downward extrusion constraint of the bulge on the axial direction of the trigger rod, so that the valve corresponding to the valve core is opened; so that the fertilizer sprayed by the nozzles is just positioned in the soil; thus preserving soil moisture better; further realizing topdressing while weeding and shallow turning of the ridges;
3. the weeding and fertilizing mechanism, the soil turning mechanism and the matching soil dividing plow provided by the application can realize various operations such as weeding among ridges, shallow weeding and fertilizing among ridges, deep weeding and deep stirring among ridges, fertilizing among ridges and the like, and improve the utilization rate of equipment.
Drawings
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present application, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present application, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall bottom connection structure of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first and second adjusting mechanisms of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transmission of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a weeding and fertilizing mechanism in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural view of the weeding and fertilizing mechanism in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure A in FIG. 5 according to the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a flow distribution sleeve according to the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of the present application in a use mode;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present application.
Legend description: 1. a frame; 11. a walking aid wheel; 2. a transmission device; 21. bevel gears I; 22. bevel gears II; 23. a universal joint; 24. a telescopic main shaft; 25. a motor; 3. a soil dividing plow; 4. weeding and fertilizing mechanism; 41. a storage tube; 42. a nozzle; 43. mowing knife; 44. a valve; 45. a trigger lever; 451. a spring; 452. a limiting ring; 46. a flow distribution sleeve; 461. a connecting rod; 462. a guide step; 463. a protrusion; 464. a sleeve; 5. a turning mechanism; 6. a hopper; 61. a bellows; 7. an adjusting mechanism I; 71. a first sliding seat; 72. a bidirectional screw I; 73. an adjusting seat I; 74. a first screw; 8. an adjusting mechanism II; 81. a second slide seat; 82. a two-way screw rod II; 83. an adjusting seat II; 84. and a second screw.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application may be embodied in various forms, and thus the present application is not limited to the embodiments described below, and in addition, components not connected to the present application will be omitted from the drawings for the sake of more clarity of description of the present application;
the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application aims to solve the problems of the background technology, and the general thought is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment describes a multifunctional cultivator and a specific structure of a using method thereof, and the multifunctional cultivator comprises a frame 1, a transmission device 2, a soil dividing plow 3, a weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4, a soil turning mechanism 5 and a hopper 6; the front side and the rear side below the frame 1 are provided with walking wheels 11; the walking aid wheels 11 are used for walking among the ridges; a soil dividing plow 3 is arranged below the middle part of the frame 1, and the soil dividing plow 3 is used for digging the soil of the field furrows and dividing and guiding the soil to the field furrows; the action depth of the soil dividing plow 3 can be adjusted according to the requirements; the top of the soil dividing plow 3 is provided with a transmission device 2; two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 and two turning mechanisms 5 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the transmission device 2; the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 and the two turning mechanisms 5 are mutually crossed to form an inclined V shape and are used for matching with the gradient of a ridge; the hopper 6 is used for placing fertilizer and is arranged at the top of the front side of the frame 1; the transmission device 2 is used for driving the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 and the soil turning mechanism 5 to weed, fertilize, turn soil and hilling the ridges;
as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, the transmission device 2 includes a first bevel gear 21, and four second bevel gears 22 are respectively meshed with the front side and the rear side of the first bevel gear 21; the first two bevel gears 22 are in transmission connection with the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 through universal joints 23, and the second bevel gears 22 are in transmission connection with the turning mechanism 5 through universal joints 23; a telescopic main shaft 24 is arranged above the first bevel gear 21, a motor 25 is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic main shaft 24, and the motor 25 is fixedly connected with the frame 1;
as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the upper ends of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 are movably connected with the frame 1 through an adjusting mechanism I7; the upper ends of the two soil turning mechanisms 5 are movably connected with the frame 1 through a second adjusting mechanism 8; the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 and the soil-turning mechanism 5 respectively adjust the inclination angle and the opening and closing angle through the first adjusting mechanism 7 and the second adjusting mechanism 8, so that the weeding and fertilizing mechanism can be better matched with the gradient of the ridge;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first adjusting mechanism 7 includes a first slide seat 71, and the first slide seat 71 has two slide seats and is respectively connected with the frame 1 in a sliding manner; the middle parts of the two first sliding seats 71 are penetrated and rotatably matched with a first bidirectional screw rod 72, screw threads on two side rod bodies of the first bidirectional screw rod 72 are opposite in rotation direction, two first adjusting seats 73 are arranged on the inner sides of the two first sliding seats 71, and the two first adjusting seats 73 are respectively in threaded fit with the screw threads of the first bidirectional screw rod 72 in different rotation directions; the screw rod I74 is in threaded fit with the front side of the first adjusting seat 73, and the screw rod I74 is movably connected with the upper end of the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4; the interval between the two adjusting seats I73 is changed by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw I72, so that the included angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw one 74; thus, the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 can be better adjusted to match the gradient of the ridge;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the second adjusting mechanism 8 includes two slide bases 81, and the two slide bases 81 are respectively connected with the frame 1 in a sliding manner; the middle parts of the two sliding seats II 81 are penetrated and rotatably matched with two bidirectional screw rods II 82, the screw threads on the two side rod bodies of the two bidirectional screw rods II 82 are opposite in rotation direction, two adjusting seats II 83 are arranged on the inner sides of the two sliding seats II 81, and the two adjusting seats II 83 are respectively in threaded fit with the screw threads of the two bidirectional screw rods II 82 in different rotation directions; the rear side of the second adjusting seat 83 is in threaded fit with a second screw rod 84, and the second screw rod 84 is movably connected with the turning mechanism 5 through a universal joint 23; the interval between the two adjusting seats II 83 is changed by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw II 82, so that the included angle of the two turning mechanisms 5 can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms 5 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotating screw rod II 84; thus, the slope of the turning mechanism 5 is better adjusted to be matched with that of the ridge;
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 comprises a storage pipe 41, the bottom of the storage pipe 41 is sealed, and the bottom of the hopper 6 is connected with the upper end of the storage pipe 41 through a corrugated pipe 61; the bottom of the storage tube 41 is matched with the universal joint 23 through a shaft pin; the top end of the storage tube 41 is rotatably connected with a flow distribution sleeve 46; the outside of the storage tube 41 is fixedly connected with a grass cutter 43 through a plurality of nozzles 42, the grass cutter 43 is spiral, and the plurality of nozzles 42 are arranged around the storage tube 41 along the spiral track of the grass cutter 43; each nozzle 42 communicates with the storage tube 41; the root of each nozzle 42 is provided with a valve 44; a trigger rod 45 is arranged on one side of each valve 44 close to the flow distribution sleeve 46; the outer end of each nozzle 42 is arranged on the non-cutting side of the grass cutter 43, wherein the nozzle is exposed; so that the nozzle 42 can spray fertilizer on the rear side of its cutting path when the grass cutter 43 is cutting;
a limiting ring 452 is arranged on one side of the triggering rod 45 close to the valve 44, and a spring 451 is arranged between the limiting ring 452 and the valve 44; the spring 451 is used for controlling the trigger lever 45 to reset after being pressed down; one end of the trigger rod 45, which is assembled (inserted) with the valve 44, is provided with a valve core, and the valve core is matched with the valve body of the valve 44; the trigger rod 45 opens and closes the valve 44 by reciprocating (core pulling) the valve core;
as shown in fig. 5-8, a connecting rod 461 is arranged above the distributing sleeve 46, and the top of the connecting rod 461 is movably connected with a first screw 74 through a ball pair; the distributing sleeve 46 is provided with a guide step 462 close to the triggering rod 45, a sleeve 464 is arranged in the middle of the guide step 462, and a protrusion 463 is movably arranged on the outer side of the guide step 462; the sleeve 464 is rotatably connected with the storage tube 41; the guide step 462 and the protrusion 463 are matched with a sliding ball arranged on the top of the trigger lever 45;
the position of the protrusion 463 can be adjusted according to the inclination angle of the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4; as an optimal mode, the protrusion 463 is arranged on an extension line of the position when the mowing knife 43 is tangent to the ridge, so that when the mowing knife 43 is used for cutting the ridge, a sliding ball arranged on the top of the trigger rod 45 is just abutted against the protrusion 463, and the protrusion 463 axially presses the trigger rod 45 downwards to restrain the valve core on the trigger rod 45 to move, so that the valve 44 corresponding to the valve core is opened; so that the fertilizer sprayed from the nozzles 42 is just inside the soil; thus preserving soil moisture better;
the turning mechanism 5 comprises a transmission rod, and spiral blades are arranged around the transmission rod; the soil can be turned by turning the spiral blades on the turning mechanism 5 and simultaneously conveyed to the ridges, so that the ridges are shaped;
the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 and the soil-turning mechanism 5 have various shapes and specifications, and can select proper parameters for operation according to actual requirements.
Referring to fig. 1, 9 and 10, a method for using a multifunctional cultivator comprises the following steps:
weeding among ridges:
s1, firstly, only installing two bevel gears 22 on the front side of a transmission device 2 on a weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4, and dismantling a turning mechanism 5;
s2, changing the distance between the two first adjusting seats 73 by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw 72, so as to adjust the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw one 74; the mowing knife 43 on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s3, starting a motor 25 to rotate, driving a bevel gear I21 to rotate by a telescopic main shaft 24, driving a universal joint 23 to rotate by the bevel gear I21, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 to rotate, wherein a mowing knife 43 can cut the surface of a slope of a ridge, so that weeds in the ridge can be gouged; the rotation speed of the motor 25 can be further increased to cut up the grass;
weeding and shallow turning fertilization between ridges:
s1, firstly, only installing two bevel gears 22 on the front side of a transmission device 2 on a weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4, and dismantling a turning mechanism 5;
s2, changing the distance between the two first adjusting seats 73 by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw 72, so as to adjust the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw one 74; the mowing knife 43 on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s3, adding a water-soluble slow release fertilizer into the hopper 6, and pressurizing; under the action of pressure and gravity, water and fertilizer can enter the storage tube 41 through the corrugated tube 61;
s4, starting a motor 25 to rotate, driving a bevel gear I21 to rotate by a telescopic main shaft 24, driving a universal joint 23 to rotate by the bevel gear I21, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 to rotate, wherein a mowing knife 43 can cut the surface of a slope of a ridge, so that weeds in the ridge can be gouged; meanwhile, when the mowing knife 43 is used for cutting the ridge, the sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod 45 is just propped against the bulge 463, and the valve core on the trigger rod 45 moves by the bulge 463 for axially downwards extruding and restraining the trigger rod 45, so that the valve 44 corresponding to the valve core is opened; so that the fertilizer sprayed from the nozzles 42 is just inside the soil;
deep turning among ridges:
s1, firstly, only installing a turning mechanism 5 on two bevel gears 22 on the rear side of a transmission device 2, and dismantling a weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4;
s2, extending the telescopic main shaft 24 to increase the ground depth of the soil dividing plow 3;
s3, changing the distance between the two adjusting seats II 83 by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw II 82, so that the included angle of the two turning mechanisms 5 can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms 5 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotating screw rod II 84; the helical blade on the soil turning mechanism 5 can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s4, starting a motor 25 to rotate, driving a bevel gear I21 to rotate by a telescopic main shaft 24, driving a universal joint 23 to rotate by the bevel gear I21, and further driving two soil turning mechanisms 5 to rotate, turning soil of a furrow to two sides by a soil dividing plow 3, and conveying the turned soil to the ridge by the soil turning mechanisms 5 to realize deep turning and ridging;
weeding and deep turning among ridges:
s1, firstly, installing a weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 and a turning mechanism 5 on a transmission device 2;
s2, extending the telescopic main shaft 24 to increase the ground depth of the soil dividing plow 3;
s3, changing the distance between the two first adjusting seats 73 by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw 72, so as to adjust the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw one 74; the mowing knife 43 on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s4, changing the distance between the two adjusting seats II 83 by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw II 82, so that the included angle of the two turning mechanisms 5 can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms 5 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotating screw rod II 84; the helical blade on the soil turning mechanism 5 can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s5, starting a motor 25 to rotate, driving a bevel gear I21 to rotate by a telescopic main shaft 24, driving a universal joint 23 to rotate by the bevel gear I21, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 to rotate, wherein a mowing knife 43 can cut the surface of a slope of a ridge, so that weeds in the ridge can be gouged; simultaneously driving two soil turning mechanisms 5 to rotate, turning soil of the furrows to two sides by the soil dividing plow 3, and conveying the turned soil to the ridges by the soil turning mechanisms 5 to realize deep turning and hilling;
weeding, deep turning and fertilizing among ridges:
s1, firstly, installing a weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 and a turning mechanism 5 on a transmission device 2;
s2, extending the telescopic main shaft 24 to increase the ground depth of the soil dividing plow 3;
s3, adding a water-soluble slow release fertilizer into the hopper 6, and pressurizing; under the action of pressure and gravity, water and fertilizer can enter the storage tube 41 through the corrugated tube 61;
s4, changing the distance between the two first adjusting seats 73 by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw 72, so as to adjust the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4; the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw one 74; the mowing knife 43 on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism 4 can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s5, changing the distance between the two adjusting seats II 83 by adjusting and rotating the two-way screw II 82, so that the included angle of the two turning mechanisms 5 can be adjusted; the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms 5 and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotating screw rod II 84; the helical blade on the soil turning mechanism 5 can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s6, starting a motor 25 to rotate, driving a bevel gear I21 to rotate by a telescopic main shaft 24, driving a universal joint 23 to rotate by the bevel gear I21, and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms 4 to rotate, wherein a mowing knife 43 can cut the surface of a slope of a ridge, so that weeds in the ridge can be gouged; meanwhile, when the mowing knife 43 is used for cutting the ridge, the sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod 45 is just propped against the bulge 463, and the valve core on the trigger rod 45 moves by the bulge 463 for axially downwards extruding and restraining the trigger rod 45, so that the valve 44 corresponding to the valve core is opened; so that the fertilizer sprayed from the nozzles 42 is just inside the soil;
s7, simultaneously driving two soil turning mechanisms 5 to rotate, turning soil of the furrow to two sides by the soil dividing plow 3, and conveying the turned soil to the ridge by the soil turning mechanisms 5 to realize deep turning and hilling;
multi-ridge operation:
the cultivator provided by the application is fixed together side by side according to the spacing between the ridges through the screw rod, so that multi-ridge operation can be realized; the operation form comprises: the inter-ridge weeding, the shallow-turning and fertilizing, the inter-ridge deep-turning, the inter-ridge weeding, the deep-turning and fertilizing, and the inter-ridge weeding, deep-turning and fertilizing, and the intertillage efficiency is further improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: it is apparent that the above examples are only illustrative of the present application and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The multifunctional cultivator is characterized by comprising a frame (1), a transmission device (2), a soil dividing plow (3), a weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4), a soil turning mechanism (5) and a hopper (6); the front side and the rear side below the frame (1) are provided with auxiliary travelling wheels (11); a soil dividing plow (3) is arranged below the middle part of the frame (1), and a transmission device (2) is arranged at the top of the soil dividing plow (3); two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms (4) and two turning mechanisms (5) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the transmission device (2); the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms (4) and the two turning mechanisms (5) are mutually crossed to form an inclined V shape which is matched with the gradient of a ridge; the transmission device (2) is used for driving the weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4) and the soil turning mechanism (5) to weed, fertilize, turn soil and banking up the ridges;
the transmission device (2) comprises a first bevel gear (21), and four second bevel gears (22) are meshed with the front side and the rear side of the first bevel gear (21) respectively; the front bevel gear II and the rear bevel gear II (22) are respectively connected with the weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4) and the turning mechanism (5) in a transmission way through universal joints (23); a telescopic main shaft (24) is arranged above the bevel gear I (21); the upper ends of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms (4) and the soil-turning mechanism (5) are respectively and movably connected with the front side and the rear side of the frame (1) through a first adjusting mechanism (7) and a second adjusting mechanism (8);
the first adjusting mechanism (7) comprises a first sliding seat (71), and the first sliding seat (71) is provided with two sliding seats and is respectively connected with the frame (1) in a sliding way; the middle parts of the two first sliding seats (71) are penetrated and rotatably matched with two first bidirectional screws (72), the screw threads on the two side rod bodies of the first bidirectional screws (72) are opposite in rotation direction, the inner sides of the two first sliding seats (71) are provided with two first adjusting seats (73), and the two first adjusting seats (73) are respectively in threaded fit with the first bidirectional screws (72) in different rotation directions; the front side of the first adjusting seat (73) is in threaded fit with a first screw rod (74), and the first screw rod (74) is movably connected with the upper end of the weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4);
the second adjusting mechanism (8) comprises a second sliding seat (81), and the second sliding seat (81) is provided with two sliding seats and is respectively connected with the frame (1) in a sliding way; the middle parts of the two sliding seats II (81) are penetrated and rotatably matched with two bidirectional screw rods II (82), the screw threads on the rod bodies on two sides of the two bidirectional screw rods II (82) are opposite in rotation direction, two adjusting seats II (83) are arranged on the inner sides of the two sliding seats II (81), and the two adjusting seats II (83) are respectively in threaded fit with the two bidirectional screw rods II (82) in different rotation directions; the rear side of the second adjusting seat (83) is in threaded fit with a second screw rod (84), and the second screw rod (84) is movably connected with the turning mechanism (5) through a universal joint (23);
the weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4) comprises a storage pipe (41), and the bottom of the hopper (6) is connected with the upper end of the storage pipe (41) through a corrugated pipe (61); the bottom of the storage tube (41) is matched with the universal joint (23) through a shaft pin; the top end of the storage tube (41) is rotatably connected with a flow distribution sleeve (46); the outside of the storage tube (41) is fixedly connected with a mowing knife (43) through a plurality of nozzles (42), the mowing knife (43) is in a spiral shape, and the plurality of nozzles (42) are arranged around the storage tube (41) along the spiral track of the mowing knife (43); each nozzle (42) is in communication with a storage tube (41); the root of each nozzle (42) is provided with a valve (44); a trigger rod (45) is arranged on one side of each valve (44) close to the flow distribution sleeve (46); the outer end of each nozzle (42) is arranged on the non-cutting side of the mowing knife (43);
a limiting ring (452) is arranged on one side, close to the valve (44), of the triggering rod (45), and a spring (451) is arranged between the limiting ring (452) and the valve (44); one end of the trigger rod (45) assembled with the valve (44) is provided with a valve core; a connecting rod (461) is arranged above the distributing sleeve (46), and the top of the connecting rod (461) is movably connected with a first screw rod (74) through a ball pair; the distributing sleeve (46) is provided with a guide step (462) close to the triggering rod (45), the middle part of the guide step (462) is provided with a sleeve (464), and the outer side of the guide step is movably provided with a protrusion (463); the sleeve (464) is rotationally connected with the storage tube (41); the guide step (462) and the protrusion (463) are matched with a sliding ball arranged on the top of the trigger rod (45).
2. A multi-function cultivator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the telescopic main shaft (24) is provided with a motor (25), and the motor (25) is fixedly connected with the frame (1).
3. A multi-function cultivator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4) and the turning mechanism (5) respectively adjust the inclination angle and the opening and closing angle through a first adjusting mechanism (7) and a second adjusting mechanism (8).
4. A multi-function cultivator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the turning mechanism (5) comprises a transmission rod, and spiral blades are arranged around the transmission rod.
5. A method of using a multifunctional cultivator according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
s1, firstly, installing a weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4) and a turning mechanism (5) on a transmission device (2);
s2, extending the telescopic main shaft (24) to increase the ground depth of the soil dividing plow (3);
s3, adding a water-soluble slow-release fertilizer into the hopper (6) and pressurizing; under the action of pressure and gravity, water and fertilizer can enter the storage tube (41) through the corrugated tube (61);
s4, changing the distance between the two first adjusting seats (73) by adjusting and rotating the first bidirectional screw rod (72), so as to adjust the included angle of the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms (4); the inclination angle between the two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms (4) and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the first rotary screw (74); a mowing knife (43) on the weeding and fertilizing mechanism (4) can be just attached to the slope of the ridge for a certain distance;
s5, changing the distance between two adjusting seats II (83) by adjusting and rotating a two-way screw II (82), so as to adjust the included angle of two turning mechanisms (5); the inclination angle between the two turning mechanisms (5) and the ground can be changed and adjusted by adjusting the rotary screw rod II (84); the helical blade on the soil turning mechanism (5) can just attach a certain distance to the slope of the ridge;
s6, starting a motor (25) to rotate, driving a first bevel gear (21) to rotate by a telescopic main shaft (24), driving a universal joint (23) to rotate by the first bevel gear (21), and further driving two weeding and fertilizing mechanisms (4) to rotate, wherein a mowing knife (43) can cut the slope surfaces of the ridges, so that weeds in the ridges can be root-digged; meanwhile, when the mowing knife (43) is used for cutting the ridge, a sliding ball arranged at the top of the trigger rod (45) is just abutted against the bulge (463), and the bulge (463) axially extrudes and restrains the trigger rod (45) downwards so that a valve core on the trigger rod (45) moves, and a valve (44) corresponding to the valve core is opened; so that the fertilizer sprayed by the nozzles (42) is just inside the soil;
and S7, simultaneously driving the two soil turning mechanisms (5) to rotate, turning the soil of the furrows to two sides by the time division soil plow (3), and conveying the turned soil to the ridges by the soil turning mechanisms (5) to realize deep turning and hilling.
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