CN116693422A - 一种去铁胺杂质的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- UBQYURCVBFRUQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzoyl-Ferrioxamine B Chemical compound CC(=O)N(O)CCCCCNC(=O)CCC(=O)N(O)CCCCCNC(=O)CCC(=O)N(O)CCCCCN UBQYURCVBFRUQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229960000958 deferoxamine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Chemical group OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXXVSKHVGDQAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-(oxan-2-yl)hydroxylamine Chemical compound NOC1CCCCO1 NLXXVSKHVGDQAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
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- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C259/00—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, an oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom being further bound to an oxygen atom and not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C259/04—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, an oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom being further bound to an oxygen atom and not being part of nitro or nitroso groups without replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- C07C259/06—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, an oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom being further bound to an oxygen atom and not being part of nitro or nitroso groups without replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group, e.g. hydroxamic acids having carbon atoms of hydroxamic groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
- C07D309/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D309/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D309/10—Oxygen atoms
- C07D309/12—Oxygen atoms only hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom directly attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. tetrahydropyranyl ethers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种去铁胺杂质的制备方法,属于药物合成领域,整个工艺设计合理,可操作性强,提纯方便。该方法经四步反应合成得到去铁胺杂质,本发明通过实验筛选出最优的制备步骤和反应条件,本发明制备得到的去铁胺杂质,纯度达98%以上,为去铁胺研究提供测试样品,在临床药代动力学研究中具有重要研究价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种化合物的制备方法,具体涉及一种去铁胺杂质的制备方法。
背景技术
去铁胺属羟肟酸络合剂,羟肟酸基团与游离或蛋白结合的3价铁(Fe3+)和铝(Al3+)形成稳定、无毒的水溶性铁胺和铝胺复合物(在酸性pH条件下结合作用加强),由尿排出。本品能清除铁蛋白和含铁血黄素中的铁离子,但对转铁蛋白中的铁离子清除作用不强,更不能清除血红蛋白、肌球蛋白和细胞色素中的铁离子。本品主用于急性铁中毒的解救药。由于本品与其他金属的亲和力小,故不适于其他金属中毒的解毒。本品在胃肠道中吸收甚少,可通过皮下、肌肉或静脉注射吸收,并迅速分布到各组织。在血浆组织中很快被酶代谢。
随着时代的进步、科技水平的提高,人们对药品上市前必须对药品进行质量、安全性和效能科学评价的重要性等有了更加充分的认识,其中与药品质量密切相关的是药物所含杂质的控制。杂质往往与药品安全性有关,且在少数情况下与效能也有关。因此,控制杂质水平在药物开发研究过程中越来越受到医药工作者的重视。
在去铁胺的合成和储存过程中会产生这个杂质,尚未见该杂质公开合成方法。为了对去铁胺临床、药理、药代动力学,毒理进行全面的分析、研究,很有必要在现有技术基础上,设计研发出去铁胺杂质的制备方法,为全面分析去铁胺的临床、药理、药代动力学,毒理提供分析研究的基准物质。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供一种工艺设计合理,后处理简单的去铁胺杂质的制备方法,该制备方法得到的目标产物纯度可达98%以上,为去铁胺研究提供测试样品,具有重要的应用价值。
技术方案:本发明所述的去铁胺杂质的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取中间体Ⅰ作为原料溶解于溶剂中,加入碱,再加入O-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)羟基胺,反应得到中间产物Ⅱ;
(2)取中间产物Ⅱ溶解于溶剂中,加入碱,再加入丁二酸酐,反应生成中间产物Ⅲ;
(3)取中间产物Ⅲ溶解在溶剂中,加入碱,再加入1,5-二氨基戊烷,再加入1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,反应得到中间产物Ⅳ;
(4)取中间产物Ⅳ溶解在酸中,反应得到最终产物Ⅴ,X代表盐酸,硫酸,甲酸或三氟乙酸;
优选地,步骤(1)所述中间体Ⅰ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:1~1:10;所述的碱为氢化钠、氢氧化锂,氢氧化钠,碳酸钠或者碳酸钾;所述反应时间为6-24小时。更优选地,步骤(1)所述中间体Ⅰ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:3~1:5;所述的碱优选碳酸钠;所述反应时间为12-18小时。
优选地,步骤(2)所述的中间产物Ⅱ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:1~1:8;所述的碱为三乙胺、吡啶、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、叔丁醇钾或者氢氧化钠;所述反应时间为1-16小时。更优选地,步骤(2)所述的中间产物Ⅱ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:2~1:4;所述的碱优选三乙胺;所述反应时间为1-10小时。
优选地,步骤(3)所述的中间产物Ⅲ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:1~1:8;所述的碱为N,N-二异丙基乙胺、三乙胺,吡啶或者4-二甲氨基吡啶;所述的中间产物Ⅲ与1,5-二氨基戊烷的摩尔用量比为1:0.2~1:2;所述反应时间为2~24小时。更优选地,步骤(3)所述的中间产物Ⅲ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:3~1:5;所述的碱优选三乙胺;所述的中间产物Ⅲ与1,5-二氨基戊烷的摩尔用量比为1:0.3~1:1;所述反应时间为8~16小时。
优选地,步骤(4)所述的酸为甲酸、盐酸、三氟乙酸或者硫酸;所述反应时间为2~20小时。更优选地,步骤(4)所述的酸为甲酸;所述反应时间为8~16小时。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下显著优点:所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法工艺设计合理,操作方法简单、原料易得、纯度高、反应过程可控和环境保护效果好;并且本发明制备得到的去铁胺杂质为去铁胺的研究提供测试样品,在临床药代动力学研究中具有重要研究价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的去铁胺杂质的制备工艺流程图;
图2为本发明提供的去铁胺杂质的最终产物核磁图;
图3为本发明提供的去铁胺杂质的最终产物液相图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
实施例1
化合物Ⅱ的制备:将20g中间体Ⅰ溶于200mL乙腈,加入31.8g碳酸钠,再加入17.6gO-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)羟基胺,25度反应16小时,反应结束,反应液旋干,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到21g黄色液体Ⅱ,收率为92%。
化合物Ⅲ的制备:取21g化合物Ⅱ溶解到210mL乙腈中,室温下加入21g三乙胺,再加入7g丁二酸酐,50度反应8小时,TLC监控反应结束,将反应液旋干,加入200mL水,冰浴下加入10%HCl调pH=3,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,每次50mL,有机层合并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液旋干得到粗产物,用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到25g黄色液体Ⅲ,收率为89%。
化合物Ⅳ的制备:取10g化合物Ⅲ溶于90mL乙腈溶剂中,加入10g三乙胺,再加入2g1,5-二氨基戊烷,再加入4.7g 1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,反应液50度反应10小时,TLC监控反应结束,加入200mL水,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,每次100mL,有机层合并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液旋干得到粗产物,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到9.8g白色固体Ⅳ,收率为90%。
化合物Ⅴ的制备:取5g化合物Ⅳ溶于50mL甲酸,80度反应10小时,原料反应完,反应液旋干,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到3g白色固体Ⅴ,收率为87.8%,HPLC:98.48%。制备工艺流程图见图1,核磁见图2(D2O),液相见图3。
实施例2
化合物Ⅱ的制备:将25g中间体Ⅰ溶于250mL乙腈,加入15g氢化钠,再加入22gO-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)羟基胺,25度反应16小时,反应结束,反应液旋干,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到24g黄色液体Ⅱ,收率为84%。
化合物Ⅲ的制备:取24g化合物Ⅱ溶解到240mL乙腈中,室温下加入32.9g碳酸钾,再加入7.9g丁二酸酐,50度反应8小时,TLC监控反应结束,将反应液旋干,加入200mL水,冰浴下加入10%HCl调pH=3,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,每次100mL,有机层合并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液旋干得到粗产物,用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到26g黄色液体Ⅲ,收率为81%。
化合物Ⅳ的制备:取10g化合物Ⅲ溶于90mL乙腈溶剂中,加入12g 4-二甲氨基吡啶,再加入2g 1,5-二氨基戊烷,再加入4.7g 1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,反应液50度反应10小时,TLC监控反应结束,加入200mL水,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,每次100mL,有机层合并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液旋干得到粗产物,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到9g白色固体Ⅳ,收率为83%。
化合物Ⅴ的制备:取5g化合物Ⅳ溶于50mL三氟乙酸,80度反应10小时,原料反应完,反应液旋干,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到3.2g白色固体Ⅴ,收率为76%。
实施例3
化合物Ⅱ的制备:将20g中间体Ⅰ溶于200mL乙腈,加入8g碳酸钠,再加入17.6gO-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)羟基胺,25度反应16小时,反应结束,反应液旋干,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到19g黄色液体Ⅱ,收率为83%。
化合物Ⅲ的制备:取15g化合物Ⅱ溶解到210mL乙腈中,室温下加入40g三乙胺,再加入5g丁二酸酐,50度反应8小时,TLC监控反应结束,将反应液旋干,加入200mL水,冰浴下加入10%HCl调pH=3,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,每次50mL,有机层合并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液旋干得到粗产物,用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到15g黄色液体Ⅲ,收率为75%。
化合物Ⅳ的制备:取10g化合物Ⅲ溶于90mL乙腈溶剂中,加入10g三乙胺再加入5g1,5-二氨基戊烷,再加入4.7g 1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,反应液50度反应10小时,TLC监控反应结束,加入200mL水,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,每次100mL,有机层合并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液旋干得到粗产物,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到8g白色固体Ⅳ,收率为74%。
化合物Ⅴ的制备:取5g化合物Ⅳ溶于50mL 10%盐酸,80度反应10小时,原料反应完,反应液旋干,粗产物用二氯甲烷和甲醇体系过柱提纯得到2.4g白色固体Ⅴ,收率为72%。
Claims (10)
1.一种去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)取中间体Ⅰ作为原料溶解于溶剂中,加入碱,再加入O-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)羟基胺,反应得到中间产物Ⅱ;
(2)取中间产物Ⅱ溶解于溶剂中,加入碱,再加入丁二酸酐,反应生成中间产物Ⅲ;
(3)取中间产物Ⅲ溶解在溶剂中,加入碱,再加入1,5-二氨基戊烷,再加入1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,反应得到中间产物Ⅳ;
(4)取中间产物Ⅳ溶解在酸中,反应得到最终产物Ⅴ,其中X代表盐酸,硫酸,甲酸或三氟乙酸;
2.根据权利要求1所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述中间体Ⅰ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:1~1:10;所述的碱为氢化钠、氢氧化锂,氢氧化钠,碳酸钠或者碳酸钾;所述反应的时间为6-24小时。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述中间体Ⅰ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:3~1:5;所述的碱为碳酸钠;所述反应的时间为12-18小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述的中间产物Ⅱ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:1~1:8;所述的碱为三乙胺、吡啶、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、叔丁醇钾或者氢氧化钠;所述反应的时间为1-16小时。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述的中间产物Ⅱ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:2~1:4;所述的碱为三乙胺;所述反应的时间为1-10小时。
6.根据权利要求1所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述的中间产物Ⅲ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:1~1:8;所述的碱为N,N-二异丙基乙胺、三乙胺,吡啶或者4-二甲氨基吡啶;所述的中间产物Ⅲ与1,5-二氨基戊烷的摩尔用量比为1:0.2~1:2;所述反应的时间为2~24小时。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述的中间产物Ⅲ与碱的摩尔用量比为1:3~1:5;所述的碱为三乙胺;所述的中间产物Ⅲ与1,5-二氨基戊烷的摩尔用量比为1:0.3~1:1;所述反应的时间为8~16小时。
8.根据权利要求1所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述的酸为甲酸、盐酸、三氟乙酸或者硫酸;所述反应的时间为2~20小时。
9.根据权利要求1或8所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述的酸为甲酸;所述反应的时间为8~16小时。
10.根据权利要求1所述去铁胺杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,最终产物Ⅴ的纯度达98%以上。
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