CN116674055A - Sample preparation device and sample preparation method for waste soil compression molding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sample preparation device for waste soil compression molding, which comprises a sample preparation die, wherein the sample preparation die comprises a cavity, and further comprises an integral combined plate, a first inserting plate and/or a second inserting plate, wherein the first inserting plate and/or the second inserting plate and the integral combined plate divide a space surrounded by the integral combined plate into one to a plurality of cavities with the same or different lengths, widths and heights. The invention can be combined to form cavities with different sizes for compression molding of samples with different sizes. The invention also discloses a sample preparation method comprising the sample preparation device.

Description

Sample preparation device and sample preparation method for waste soil compression molding

Technical Field

The invention relates to a sample preparation device for waste soil compression molding, and also relates to a sample preparation method for waste soil compression molding.

Background

Slag soil, dehydrated slurry, filter-pressed soil and the like generated by engineering excavation can be regarded as engineering waste soil. The spoil is treated, or is concentrated and piled up or landfilled in place, and is not subjected to secondary treatment. With the annual increase of the annual production of the waste soil in China, the yield of the waste soil is excessive, and the disposal problem cannot be fundamentally solved. And the waste soil is accumulated for a long time and not recycled in time, so that a large amount of land space is occupied, and the ecological environment is polluted. Therefore, the solution of the spoil digestion problem is very urgent and important.

The spoil is of substantial significance in projects such as roadbed filling, building backfilling and the like. The finished bulk materials after treatment are fully detected, the manufacturing cost is low, and the research and the application are well carried out. In contrast, the finished building block is more innovative and convenient to construct compared with bulk soil, and provides a new idea for the application form of spoil. In the process of forming the waste soil, the waste soil sintering building block and the baking-free building block are included, and the baking-free building block is usually baked after being pressed into a shape by applying a certain pressure. Although the waste soil is mainly ground surface soil, the combination and the content of minerals in the waste soil are different due to different areas and different depths of the waste soil, the properties of the waste soil are also different, and the physical and chemical properties and the water content of the waste soil determine the quality of the building block in the forming stage and the drying stage, especially the content of sticky minerals in the building block. Therefore, when the waste soil is used for manufacturing the building block, the sample preparation is usually required, various waste soil components and/or other additive substances are fully mixed according to a certain proportion, then the samples with different sizes are formed, only the samples with smooth and flat surfaces and no cracks on blank bodies after the forming are qualified, the waste soil meeting the above conditions and the formula proportion thereof are qualified raw materials, and the reasonable formula proportion is also usually different due to the different components and contents of the waste soil. Wherein the size of the test specimen also has a significant impact on the quality of the block molding. In the prior art, chinese patent publication No. CN113799237B discloses an adjustable forming die for building prefabricated building blocks, and the length and width direction of the pressing die are adjusted by a plurality of adjustable baffles, which is disadvantageous in that the scheme adopted is complex, and is not suitable for manufacturing a small amount of samples, and the dimension in the height direction cannot be effectively adjusted.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages, the present invention aims to provide a sample preparation device for waste soil compression molding, which adjusts the three-dimensional size of a sample by arranging a groove and a skewer.

The sample preparation device for waste soil compression molding comprises a sample preparation mold, wherein the sample preparation mold comprises a cavity, and further comprises an integral combined plate, a first plugboard and/or a second plugboard, wherein the first plugboard and/or the second plugboard and the integral combined plate divide a space enclosed by the integral combined plate into one to a plurality of cavities with the same or different lengths, widths and heights.

Further, the integral combined plate is L-shaped and comprises a vertical plate and a transverse plate, one end of the transverse plate is vertically fixed with one end of the vertical plate, and two integral combined plate ends are connected and detachably fixed and jointly enclose the space with the bottom plate.

Further, a plurality of pairs of grooves are formed in the inner wall of the integral combined plate, and the first cutting plate is selectively inserted into the target groove of the integral combined plate to adjust the size of the cavity in the X direction.

Further, the side wall of the first cuttage board is provided with a groove matched with the inner wall of the combined board or the groove on the side wall of the adjacent first cuttage board, the second cuttage board is used for being inserted into the groove corresponding to the first cuttage board and the adjacent integrated combined board, or the second cuttage board is used for being inserted into the grooves corresponding to the two adjacent first cuttage boards, and the second cuttage board is selectively inserted into the target groove to adjust the size of the cavity in the Y direction.

Further, the sample preparation mould is provided with second cutting boards with different lengths and heights and a plurality of specifications, the second cutting boards are used for matching when the first cutting boards select different target grooves, and the second cutting boards with different heights and specifications can be used for adjusting the size of the cavity in the Z direction.

The first cuttage board is provided with an upper notch facing upwards, the second cuttage board is provided with a lower notch matched with the upper notch, and the upper notch and the lower notch are matched to enable the first cuttage board and the second cuttage board to be combined.

Further, still include storage device, sampling device and mixing arrangement, sampling device includes the sampling box, and the sampling box includes sample inlet, adjustable volume sampling chamber, goes out appearance mouth and scale, the sample inlet is connected with storage device, go out appearance mouth and mixing arrangement and be connected, adjustable volume sampling chamber is used for adjusting the batching proportion, the scale is used for observing the volume of adjustable volume sampling chamber, mixing arrangement is arranged in sending into the die cavity of system appearance mould after evenly mixing different batching.

Further, adjustable volume sampling chamber includes the frame in the outside, is the movable bottom plate, the fixed plate and the movable plate that vertically set up of level setting, the fixed plate is fixed on the frame, movable bottom plate articulates on the movable plate, the sample inlet is established in the upper end of adjustable volume sampling chamber, fixed baffle on the roof of sampling box, baffle and fixed plate align and contact, but movable plate horizontal migration, the top of movable plate is equipped with the barrier plate that can open and close to when the adjustable volume sampling chamber removed, the baffle scrapes unnecessary batching in order to obtain the batching of predetermined value in such a way, the sampling box includes fixed plate, the sample outlet is established in one side of sampling box, adjustable volume sampling chamber can be to the sample outlet removal, the sample outlet is greater than the movable plate, the sample outlet both sides are equipped with roof beam supporting frame and make the movable plate can overturn downwards, in such a way when the movable plate removes directly over the sample outlet, the sample inlet is poured into to the batching in the movable plate upset.

Further, the barrier plate swing joint is in the upper end of movable plate, the movable plate is connected with the horizontal plate, and the lower surface of horizontal plate is equipped with the spout, is equipped with the rack that can follow the draw runner and remove in the spout, rack and gear cooperation, the gear can be with rocking handle or motor drive, including limit stop on the barrier plate, limit stop can follow the spout of establishing on the movable plate and remove, the below at the spring is established to limit stop, the dog is established and is connected the haulage rope, the haulage rope is connected with the rack after the leading wheel, when the rack removes to the movable plate, haulage rope pulling limit stop releases the limit to the barrier plate, the deflector is still connected to the upper end of movable plate, the deflector is with unnecessary batching direction export.

The invention also discloses a sample preparation method for compacting the spoil, which comprises the sample preparation device and comprises the following steps:

s1: pretreatment of engineering spoil: crushing and screening the waste soil until the grain diameter is smaller than 100mm, and curing and improving the performance by using a medicament; respectively storing different waste soil raw materials and other components into a storage device;

s2: according to the sample preparation requirement, the size of the building block is selected, and a sample preparation mould is adjusted and assembled;

s3: the volume chambers of the adjustable volume chamber sampling chamber are adjusted according to the required proportion, and various ingredients are respectively sent into a mixing device for fully mixing and then are sent into a sample preparation die;

s4: the loading device is used for pressing and forming, ingredients are pressed into building blocks, and the loading device adopts pneumatic loading to realize synchronous loading of different loads;

s5: after compression molding, demolding and drying to form the building block, and collecting and analyzing data.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) The invention splices two L-shaped integral combined plates and a bottom plate into rectangular spaces, a plurality of grooves are arranged on the integral combined plates, a first inserting plate can be selectively inserted into the corresponding grooves, so that the rectangular spaces are divided into a plurality of cavities with the same size or different sizes, further, the invention further comprises a second inserting plate, the corresponding grooves are also arranged on the side wall of the first inserting plate, the second inserting plate is perpendicular to the first inserting plate and is inserted into the grooves, the space separated by the first inserting plate and the integral combined plate is further divided into a plurality of cavities with the same size or different sizes, the second inserting plate can have different heights and length specifications, the first inserting plate can be used for adjusting the length of the cavities in the X direction, the inserting position of the second inserting plate is used for changing the length of the cavities in the Y direction, and the height of the second inserting plate is used for adjusting the length of the cavities in the Z direction (height).

(2) In the process of sample preparation, the waste soil components and contents are different, the waste soil performance is usually required to be improved to be suitable for preparing building blocks, the components and contents of different building blocks for mixing are different, and the notification test is required to be determined, so that a plurality of groups of tests of different components and proportions are required to be carried out in a certain range, quantitative sampling is required according to the proportion in each test, and the operation is complicated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an integrally combined panel assembly embodying the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic top view of three different cutting combinations of a first cutting board and a second cutting board;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second skewer plate with different heights in combination with a sampling mold;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first skewer and a second skewer;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sample preparation apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a storage device;

fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sampling device.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. preparing a sample mold; 101. an integral combination plate; 102. a groove; 103. a first skewer board; 104. a second skewer board; 105. a bottom plate; 106. an upper incision; 107. a lower incision; 108. a limiting block; 109. a cross plate; 110. a riser; 111. filling blocks; 2. a loading device; 201. loading a module; 3. a mixing device; 4. a sampling device; 401. a sample inlet; 402. a frame; 403. a baffle; 404. a fixing plate; 405. a movable base plate; 406. a fixed bottom plate; 407. a beam; 408. a sample outlet; 409. a blocking plate; 410. a limit stop; 411. a moving plate; 412. a guide plate; 413. a traction rope; 414. a guide wheel; 415. a horizontal plate; 416. a rack; 417. a gear; 418. sampling box; 419. an outlet; 420. an adjustable volume sampling chamber; 5. a storage device.

Detailed Description

In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description will refer to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a sample preparation device for waste soil compression molding according to the present invention includes a sample preparation mold 1, wherein the sample preparation mold 1 includes an integrally combined plate 101, a bottom plate 105, a first skewer plate 103 and/or a second skewer plate 104, and the first skewer plate 103 and/or the second skewer plate 104 and the integrally combined plate 101 divide a space enclosed by the integrally combined plate 101 into one to several cavities having the same or different lengths, widths, and heights. In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the integral combination plate 101 is L-shaped, and includes a vertical plate 110 and a horizontal plate 109, where the vertical plate 110 and the horizontal plate 109 may be made of steel plates, one end of the horizontal plate 109 is welded and fixed to one end of the vertical plate 110, and the ends of the two integral combination plates 101 are detachably fixed by bolts. Referring to fig. 3, the integrally combined plate 101 is provided with wing plates parallel to the bottom plate 105, the wing plates and the bottom plate 105 are detachably fixed by bolts, the integrally combined plate 101 and the bottom plate 105 together enclose a rectangular space, the integrally combined plate 101 and the bottom plate 105 are connected in a detachable fixing manner, after the sample is manufactured, a die can be detached, and the integrally combined plate 101 and the bottom plate 105 are separated, so that the problem of difficult demoulding is solved. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of groups of grooves 102 for inserting a first skewer 103 or a second skewer 104 are provided on the inner wall of the integrally combined plate 101, grooves 102 corresponding to the integrally combined plate 101 are also provided on the second skewer 104, the cavities have different lengths in the X direction (the transverse direction in fig. 2) by inserting the first skewer 103 into the grooves 102 of the different integrally combined plate 101, the middle and right side views in fig. 2 show different cutting patterns of the cavities having different lengths in the X direction (the transverse direction in fig. 2), and the second skewer 104 having different length specifications for matching the lengths are also shown, while the cavities having different lengths in the Y direction (the vertical direction in fig. 2) formed by inserting the second skewer 104 into the different grooves 102 are shown, and fig. 3 shows the second skewers 104 having different heights (the Z direction) for forming the cavities having different heights. It should be noted that, the first inserting plate 103 and the second inserting plate 104 may be further provided with corresponding threaded holes (not shown in the figure), and may be fixed by bolts after being inserted into the groove 102 to improve the firmness of the structure, in addition, the groove 102 may be a dovetail groove or an i-groove, and referring to fig. 3, a filling block 111 matching the shape of the groove 102 may be further provided for being inserted into the empty groove 102, and the surface of the filling block 111 is flush with the outer surface of the groove 102 after being inserted, so that the surface of the molded block is flat, and the filling block 111 may be tightly matched with the groove 102 or fixed by bolts.

In the above embodiment, the first and second skewer plates 103 and 104 may have rectangular plate structures, fig. 2 is a left side view and fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the structures of the first and second skewer plates 103 and 104 different from the above structures, in the above first embodiment, the groove 102 is disposed along the inner wall and extends from the upper end to the lower end, while in the second embodiment, the groove 102 is disposed as a notch, the length of the notch is only half of that of the groove 102, a limiting block 108 and a corresponding slot may be disposed in the notch for auxiliary fixing, specifically, an upper notch 106 facing upwards is disposed on the first skewer plate 103, a lower notch 107 cooperating with the upper notch 106 is disposed on the second skewer plate 104, and the upper notch 106 and the lower notch 107 cooperate so that the first and second skewer plates 103 and 104 are combined, and the upper notch 106 and/or the lower notch 107 may be respectively provided with a limiting block 108 or a slot to strengthen the structure. The mold cavities in the same row have the same length in the Y direction, cannot be arranged differently, are suitable for manufacturing a plurality of samples with the same size, and can be flexibly arranged in different sizes.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, referring to fig. 5, 6 and 7, the device further comprises a storage device 5, a sampling device 4 and a mixing device 3, the storage device 5 is referred to fig. 6, the mixing device 3 may be a mixer in the prior art, and is used for uniformly mixing different raw materials and ingredients and then sending the mixed raw materials into a cavity of the sample preparation mold 1, the sampling device 4 includes a sampling box 418, a sample inlet 401 of the sampling box 418 is connected with the storage device 5, a sample outlet 408 of the sampling box 418 is connected with the mixer, a sample sending pipe of the mixer may send the mixed raw materials into the sample preparation mold 1, the pneumatic loading device 2 (referring to fig. 5) has various loading modules 201, an extrusion surface of the loading module 201 is matched with the cavity of the mold, and loads of each module are adjustable to facilitate selection of compression molding parameters. The sampling chamber 418 includes a sample inlet 401, an adjustable volume sampling chamber 420, and a sample outlet 408, and the sampling chamber 418 further includes a scale (not shown) thereon for observing the volume of the adjustable volume sampling chamber 420. In the following, an embodiment of the sampling chamber 418 is included, the sampling chamber 420 includes an outer frame 402, a movable bottom plate 405 horizontally disposed, a fixed plate 404 longitudinally disposed, and a movable plate 411, the fixed plate 404 is disposed on three sides of the sampling chamber and is fixed between the two side frames 402 without any gap, the movable bottom plate 405 is hinged to the movable plate 411, the sample inlet 401 is disposed at the upper end of the sampling chamber 420, referring to fig. 7, the sampling chamber 418 includes a fixed bottom plate 406, the sample outlet 408 is disposed at one side of the sampling chamber 418, the sampling chamber 420 is movable toward the sample outlet 408, the sample outlet 408 is larger than the movable plate 411, the beams 407 are disposed at two sides of the sample outlet 408 to support the frame 402 and enable the movable plate 411 to be turned downward, the baffle 403 is fixed on the top plate of the sampling chamber 418, the baffle 403 is parallel to the movable plate 411 and the baffle 403 is aligned with and contacts the fixed plate 404 below, the movable plate 411 can horizontally move, the movable bottom plate 405 and the lower part of the movable plate 411 can be arranged on a roller or a ball to assist movement, an openable blocking plate 409 is arranged above the movable plate 411, two sides of the blocking plate 409 can be provided with a reset spring (not shown) for resetting the blocking plate 409, in this way, when the volume-adjustable sampling cavity 420 moves, the effect is that the sample inlet 401 is filled with solid particles, the solid particles are not partially filled in the sampling cavity, so that inaccuracy is caused, excessive ingredients are injected and scraped by the baffle 403 to obtain the ingredients with a preset value, the blocking plate 409 is movably connected to the upper end of the movable plate 411, the movable plate 411 is connected with a horizontal plate 415, the lower surface of the horizontal plate 415 is provided with a chute, a rack 416 capable of moving along the chute is arranged in the chute, the rack 416 is matched with a gear 417, the gear 417 can be driven by a rocking handle or a motor, the blocking plate 409 comprises a limit stop 410, the limit stop 410 can move along a chute arranged on the moving plate 411, a spring is arranged below the limit stop 410, the limit stop 410 is connected with a traction rope 413, the traction rope 413 is connected with a rack 416 through a guide wheel 414, when the rack 416 moves towards the moving plate 411, the traction rope 413 pulls the limit stop 410 to release the limit of the blocking plate 409, the upper end of the moving plate 411 is also connected with a guide plate 412, and the guide plate 412 guides the redundant ingredients to an outlet 419. The function of the blocking plate 409 is that when the rack 416 moves to the right, the pulling rope 413 is shortened, the blocking block rises to enable the blocking plate 409 to stand, the sampling cavity is moved to the lower portion of the sample inlet 401, the sample inlet 401 is opened, the rack 416 is controlled to move leftwards after filling, the pulling rope 413 is shortened, the blocking plate 409 is opened to be at least in a horizontal state, the blocking plate 403 can scrape redundant ingredients out of a notch opened by the blocking plate 409, the sampling cavity is controlled to move to the sample outlet 408, the moving bottom plate 105 is opened, and the ingredients are sent out from the sample outlet 408. It should be noted that, the frame 402 of the sampling cavity may be provided with a driving motor, the sampling cavity may be driven to move by a gear mechanism or a conveying chain (not shown), the sampling cavity may be provided with an initial position aligned with the scale value 0, the volume may be accurately adjusted by changing the moving plate 411 and the scale value, in addition, the gear rack 416 mechanism may be replaced by an electric telescopic device, the movement of the frame 402 may be replaced by another electric telescopic device, and the movement may be controlled by a processor and a control circuit, and the sampling may be automatically completed by inputting the corresponding value.

The invention also comprises a sample preparation method for compacting the spoil, which comprises the following steps:

s1: pretreatment of engineering spoil: the waste soil is crushed and screened to a grain size smaller than 100mm, different waste soil raw materials and other components are respectively stored in a storage device by utilizing the improvement performance of other components, the waste soil is crushed into fragments or pills by utilizing a crusher, and the other components can be carbide slag, rice hull ash, blast furnace slag and the like or other components used in the prior art. The improvement is specifically as follows: crushing engineering waste soil into fragments or pills by a crusher, wherein the particle size is smaller than 100mm.

S2: according to the actual engineering needs and sample preparation selection and design, the sizes of the building blocks are selected, the compression sizes of the longitudinal and transverse cutting boards to the required building blocks are adjusted according to the sizes of the building blocks determined in the earlier stage, and meanwhile, the space required by a plurality of building blocks can be adjusted, specifically, the base plate 105 and the integral combined board 101 are connected into a whole through connecting pieces, the base plate 105 and the integral combined board 101 are connected up and down through connecting pieces, the two integral combined boards 101 are connected left and right through the connecting pieces, the integral connection of the device is realized, the positions of the first inserting board 103 and the second inserting board 104 in the interior are adjusted, and the compressible space with the size of the building blocks is formed.

S3: the volume chambers of the adjustable volume chamber sampling chamber are adjusted according to the required proportion, and various ingredients are respectively sent into the mixing device 3 for fully mixing and then are sent into the sample preparation mould 1;

s4: the loading device 2 is pressed and molded, the original ingredients are pressed into building blocks by the loading device 2, and the loading device 2 adopts pneumatic loading to realize synchronous loading of different loads;

s5: after compression molding, demolding and drying to form the building block, and collecting and analyzing data.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A system appearance device for spoil compression moulding, includes system appearance mould, system appearance mould includes die cavity, its characterized in that: the sample preparation mould further comprises an integral combined plate, a first inserting plate and/or a second inserting plate, wherein the first inserting plate and/or the second inserting plate and the integral combined plate divide a space enclosed by the integral combined plate into one to a plurality of cavities with the same or different length, width and height dimensions.

2. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to claim 1, wherein: the integral combined plate is L-shaped and comprises a vertical plate and a transverse plate, one end of the transverse plate is vertically fixed with one end of the vertical plate, and two integral combined plate ends are connected and detachably fixed and jointly enclose the space with a bottom plate.

3. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the integral combined plate is provided with a plurality of groups of grooves, and the first cutting plate is selectively inserted into the target groove of the integral combined plate to adjust the size of the cavity in the X direction.

4. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to claim 3, wherein: the side wall of the first cuttage board is provided with grooves matched with grooves on the inner wall of the combined board or the side wall of the adjacent first cuttage board, the second cuttage board is used for being inserted into the grooves corresponding to the first cuttage board and the adjacent integrated combined board, or the second cuttage board is used for being inserted into the grooves corresponding to the two adjacent first cuttage boards, and the second cuttage board is selectively inserted into the target grooves to adjust the size of the cavity in the Y direction.

5. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the sample preparation mould is provided with second cutting boards with different lengths and heights and a plurality of specifications and is used for matching when the first cutting boards select different target grooves, and the second cutting boards with different heights and specifications can be used for adjusting the size of the cavity in the Z direction.

6. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to claim 3, wherein: the first cuttage board is provided with an upper notch facing upwards, the second cuttage board is provided with a lower notch matched with the upper notch, and the upper notch and the lower notch are matched to enable the first cuttage board and the second cuttage board to be combined.

7. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to any one of claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 6, wherein: still include storage device, sampling device and mixing arrangement, sampling device includes the sampling box, and the sampling box includes sample inlet, adjustable volume sampling chamber, play appearance mouth and scale, the sample inlet is connected with storage device, play appearance mouth is connected with mixing arrangement, adjustable volume sampling chamber is used for adjusting the batching proportion, the scale is used for observing the volume in adjustable volume sampling chamber, mixing arrangement is arranged in sending into the die cavity of system appearance mould after evenly mixing different batching.

8. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to claim 7, wherein: the adjustable volume sampling cavity comprises a frame on the outer side, a movable bottom plate which is horizontally arranged, a longitudinally arranged fixed plate and a movable plate, the fixed plate is fixed on the frame, the movable bottom plate is hinged to the movable plate, the sample inlet is formed in the upper end of the adjustable volume sampling cavity, a baffle plate is fixed on the top plate of the sampling cavity, the baffle plate is aligned with the fixed plate and contacts with the fixed plate, the movable plate can horizontally move, a blocking plate which can be opened and closed is arranged above the movable plate, in such a way, when the adjustable volume sampling cavity moves, redundant ingredients are scraped by the baffle plate to obtain the ingredients with a preset value, the sampling cavity comprises the fixed bottom plate, the sample outlet is formed in one side of the sampling cavity, the adjustable volume sampling cavity can move towards the sample outlet, the sample outlet is larger than the movable plate, the two sides of the sample outlet are provided with beam supporting frames, and the movable plate can be turned downwards, and in such a way that when the movable plate moves to the position right above the sample outlet, the movable plate is turned over to pour the ingredients in the sampling cavity.

9. A sample preparation device for spoil compaction according to claim 8, wherein: the blocking plate is movably connected with the upper end of the moving plate, the moving plate is connected with the horizontal plate, the lower surface of the horizontal plate is provided with a chute, a rack capable of moving along a slide bar is arranged in the chute, the rack is matched with a gear, the gear can be driven by a rocking handle or a motor, the blocking plate comprises a limit stop block, the limit stop block can move along the chute arranged on the moving plate, the lower part of the limit stop is arranged on the spring, the stop is connected with the traction rope, the traction rope is connected with the rack after passing through the guide wheel, when the rack moves towards the moving plate, the limit stop is pulled by the traction rope to release the limit of the blocking plate, the upper end of the moving plate is further connected with the guide plate, and the guide plate guides the redundant ingredients to the outlet.

10. A sample preparation method for compacting spoil, comprising the sample preparation device of claim 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: pretreatment of engineering spoil: crushing and screening the waste soil until the grain diameter is smaller than 100mm, and improving the waste soil performance by utilizing different components and contents; respectively storing the waste soil raw materials and components into a storage device;

s2: according to the sample preparation requirement, the size of the building block is selected, and a sample preparation mould is adjusted and assembled;

s3: the volume chambers of the adjustable volume chamber sampling chamber are adjusted according to the required proportion, and various ingredients are respectively sent into a mixing device for fully mixing and then are sent into a sample preparation die;

s4: the loading device is used for pressing and forming, ingredients are pressed into building blocks, and the loading device adopts pneumatic loading to realize synchronous loading of different loads;

s5: after compression molding, demolding and drying to form the building block, and collecting and analyzing data.