CN116650477B - 用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116650477B CN116650477B CN202310703564.0A CN202310703564A CN116650477B CN 116650477 B CN116650477 B CN 116650477B CN 202310703564 A CN202310703564 A CN 202310703564A CN 116650477 B CN116650477 B CN 116650477B
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- ozagrel sodium
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- sodium
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物及其制备方法,属于药物组合物技术领域。为解决现有下肢深静脉血栓治疗方法副作用大、病人顺应性差的问题,本发明提供了用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物,所述药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,每片微针贴片的微针矩阵含有不少于120个载药针尖,载药针尖包含质量比为1:1~50的奥扎格雷钠和基质。将本发明微针贴片直接施用于患侧下肢皮肤,微米级微针矩阵能够定向穿透角质层,产生微米级别的机械通道,将载药针尖内的奥扎格雷钠直接释放于真皮层,通过微循环到达静脉血栓处发挥抗血小板聚集的作用,防止血栓蔓延,促进血栓溶解及静脉血管再通。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物组合物技术领域,尤其涉及用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
下肢深静脉血栓形成是下肢深静脉血管内血凝块阻塞静脉腔,导致静脉回流障碍引起血栓远端静脉高压而产生肢体肿胀、疼痛及浅静脉扩张等临床表现的一种常见的周围血管疾病。绝大多数静脉血栓形成发生在盆腔及下肢的深静脉,多见于产后、骨折及创伤、手术后的病人。下肢深静脉血栓最严重的并发症是肺梗塞。静脉血栓一旦脱落,会随着血流上行,通过心脏到达并堵塞肺动脉,引起肺梗塞。如果能够及时进行抗凝治疗,一般不会发生肺梗塞。
目前中西医治疗深静脉血栓主要在于防止血栓蔓延,促进血栓溶解、血管再通及减少深静脉血栓后遗症。主要方法包括:①抗凝:采用肝素或低分子肝素静脉或皮下注射,同时口服华法林;②溶栓:采用尿激酶、链激酶或纤溶酶等经患肢浅静脉或深静脉置管输入;③消肿:采用药物、弹力袜或空气压力泵治疗,减轻肢体肿胀;④根据患者具体情况采用“活血化瘀”中药辨证施治。
虽然静脉或皮下注射肝素或尿激酶置管溶栓具有较好的抗栓效果,但容易降低血液中纤维蛋白原及凝血因子的数量,导致出血倾向,存在禁忌症多、副作用大、病人顺应性差等缺点。而压力治疗仅能作为预防、辅助手段;中药辩证治疗则存在疗效慢、疗程长、生物利用度低的问题。
奥扎格雷钠具有特异性的抑制血栓素A合成酶的作用,其药理作用主要为抗血小板聚集和扩张血管;还具有抑制脂质过氧化作用,能减少自由基的生成,并可直接清除自由基,提高脑组织对缺氧条件的耐受力,在临床上广泛应用于缺血性脑血管疾病,尚未见将其应用于下肢深静脉血栓形成治疗的报道。
发明内容
为解决现有下肢深静脉血栓治疗方法副作用大、病人顺应性差的问题,本发明提供了用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案:
一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物,所述药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,所述微针贴片由微针矩阵和底衬组成,每片微针贴片的微针矩阵含有不少于120个载药针尖,所述载药针尖的高度为1000~2000μm,所述载药针尖的间距为0.75mm,所述载药针尖包含质量比为1:1~50的奥扎格雷钠和基质;所述基质包含质量体积比为30~45g:100mL的水溶性材料和溶剂。
进一步的,所述溶剂为纯化水或中药水煎液;所述中药水煎液由质量比为10~22:3~10:1~8:1~8的银杏叶、红花、葛根和黄芪。
进一步的,所述中药水煎液的制备方法为按质量比将银杏、红花、葛根和黄芪混合,粉碎至100目后用8倍质量的纯化水浸泡6~8h,然后水煎40~60min,过滤收集滤液,再加入3倍质量的纯化水水煎30~40min,过滤收集滤液,将两次滤液合并得到中药水煎液。
进一步的,所述水溶性材料为羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇、海藻酸钠中的一种或几种的组合。
进一步的,所述底衬由质量比为1:3~5的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
进一步的,所述奥扎格雷钠为载药脂质体剂型,由质量比为10~14:120~140:15的奥扎格雷钠、蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇组成。
进一步的,所述载药脂质体的制备方法为:将蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇溶于二氯甲烷,蒸发二氯甲烷后得到脂膜;将奥扎格雷钠溶于纯化水中,得到奥扎格雷钠水溶液,将所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液加入所述脂膜中,常压旋转水化,对所得水化系统进行冰浴超声处理,通过孔径为100nm的聚碳酸酯膜对超声处理后的水化体系进行过膜处理,反复挤出15次,得到粒径为100~150nm的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体。
进一步的,所述蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇和二氯甲烷的质量体积比为120~140mg:15mg:10mL,所述蒸发二氯甲烷是在40℃恒温水浴中减压蒸发1h。
进一步的,所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液的质量浓度为1mg/mL。
进一步的,所述水化的时间为20min,所述超声处理的功率为100W,处理时间为10min。
一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法,将水溶性材料溶解于溶剂中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠与所述基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将所述载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具离心处理以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
进一步的,所述针尖腔体的形状为椎体,具体为三棱椎体或圆锥体,所述底衬腔体为底面为长方形、正方形、圆形或椭圆形。
进一步的,所述离心为2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心3min。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供的用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,将其直接施用于患侧下肢皮肤,微米级的微针矩阵能够定向穿透角质层,产生微米级别的机械通道,将载药针尖内的奥扎格雷钠直接释放于真皮层,通过微循环到达静脉血栓处发挥抗血小板聚集的作用,防止血栓蔓延,促进血栓溶解及静脉血管再通。奥扎格雷钠随着针尖基质材料的降解缓慢释放进入体内,实现了稳定的透皮吸收速率,能够长时间维持稳定的局部血药浓度,保证抗凝效果的同时克服了注射抗凝药物易导致出血倾向的问题。
本发明外用微针贴片克服了口服药物经消化道和肝脏时因首过效应而降低药效,保证了药物的高活性和生物利用度。通过控制微针矩阵中载药针尖的长度,能够避免其触及毛细血管和神经末梢,不产生疼痛感,给药方便,显著改善了患者用药的顺应性。
本发明在奥扎格雷钠的基础上复配了银杏、红花、葛根和黄芪的水煎液,起到活血化瘀、促进血液循环、降低血脂浓度的作用,能够进一步预防静脉血栓形成的再发生。而且本发明以中药水煎液为载药针尖可溶性材料的溶剂,在增加中药组分的同时避免了药物浓度的降低,使中药西药的结合产生了1+1>2的效果。
本发明将奥扎格雷钠制备成脂质体剂型加入到载药微针中,能够显著提高奥扎格雷钠的透皮吸收效果,进一步提高药物组合物的抗血小板聚集的作用。本发明微针贴片制备工艺简单、成本低,适用于临床推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本实施例中用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,其中底衬的底面为16mm×16mm的正方形,底衬上的微针矩阵含有196个圆锥体载药针尖,载药针尖的高度为1000μm,载药针尖的间距为0.75mm。
本实施例中载药针尖由质量比为1:5的奥扎格雷钠和基质组成;基质由质量体积比为45g:100mL的水溶性材料和纯化水组成;本实施例中的水溶性材料为质量比为2:1的海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠。本实施例中底衬由质量比为1:5的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
本实施例用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠按质量体积比溶于纯化水中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠与所得基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心处理3min以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素溶于纯化水,得到可溶性壳聚糖浓度为10mg/mL,羟丙基纤维素浓度为50mg/mL的底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
实施例2
本实施例中用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,其中底衬的底面为16mm×16mm的正方形,底衬上的微针矩阵含有196个圆锥体载药针尖,载药针尖的高度为1000μm,载药针尖的间距为0.75mm。
本实施例中载药针尖由质量比为1:5的奥扎格雷钠和基质组成;基质由质量体积比为45g:100mL的水溶性材料和中药水煎液组成;本实施例中的水溶性材料为质量比为2:1的海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠。本实施例中底衬由质量比为1:5的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
本实施例用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法为:
S1:按质量比22:10:8:8将银杏叶、红花、葛根和黄芪混合,粉碎至100目后用8倍质量的纯化水浸泡6~8h,然后水煎40min,过滤收集滤液,再加入3倍质量的纯化水水煎30min,过滤收集滤液,将两次滤液合并得到中药水煎液;
S2:将海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠按质量体积比溶于中药水煎液中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠与所得基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心处理3min以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素溶于纯化水,得到可溶性壳聚糖浓度为10mg/mL,羟丙基纤维素浓度为50mg/mL的底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
实施例3
本实施例中用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,其中底衬的底面为16mm×16mm的正方形,底衬上的微针矩阵含有196个圆锥体载药针尖,载药针尖的高度为1000μm,载药针尖的间距为0.75mm。
本实施例中载药针尖由质量比为1:50的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体和基质组成;基质由质量体积比为45g:100mL的水溶性材料和纯化水组成;本实施例中的水溶性材料为质量比为2:1的海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠。本实施例中底衬由质量比为1:5的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
本实施例用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法为:
S1:按奥扎格雷钠、蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇的质量比为14:140:15准备材料,按蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇和二氯甲烷的质量体积比为140mg:15mg:10mL将蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇溶于二氯甲烷,40℃恒温水浴中减压蒸发1h,蒸发二氯甲烷后得到脂膜;将奥扎格雷钠溶于纯化水中,得到质量浓度为1mg/mL的奥扎格雷钠水溶液,将所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液加入所述脂膜中,常压旋转水化20min,对所得水化系统进行冰浴100W超声处理10min,通过孔径为100nm的聚碳酸酯膜对超声处理后的水化体系进行过膜处理,反复挤出15次,得到粒径为100~150nm的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体。
S2:将海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠按质量体积比溶于纯化水中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体与所得基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心处理3min以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素溶于纯化水,得到可溶性壳聚糖浓度为10mg/mL,羟丙基纤维素浓度为50mg/mL的底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
实施例4
本实施例中用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,其中底衬的底面为16mm×16mm的正方形,底衬上的微针矩阵含有196个圆锥体载药针尖,载药针尖的高度为1000μm,载药针尖的间距为0.75mm。
本实施例中载药针尖由质量比为1:50的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体和基质组成;基质由质量体积比为45g:100mL的水溶性材料和中药水煎液组成;本实施例中的水溶性材料为质量比为2:1的海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠。本实施例中底衬由质量比为1:5的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
本实施例用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法为:
S1:按质量比22:10:8:8将银杏叶、红花、葛根和黄芪混合,粉碎至100目后用8倍质量的纯化水浸泡6~8h,然后水煎40min,过滤收集滤液,再加入3倍质量的纯化水水煎30min,过滤收集滤液,将两次滤液合并得到中药水煎液;
S2:按奥扎格雷钠、蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇的质量比为14:140:15准备材料,按蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇和二氯甲烷的质量体积比为140mg:15mg:10mL将蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇溶于二氯甲烷,40℃恒温水浴中减压蒸发1h,蒸发二氯甲烷后得到脂膜;将奥扎格雷钠溶于纯化水中,得到质量浓度为1mg/mL的奥扎格雷钠水溶液,将所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液加入所述脂膜中,常压旋转水化20min,对所得水化系统进行冰浴100W超声处理10min,通过孔径为100nm的聚碳酸酯膜对超声处理后的水化体系进行过膜处理,反复挤出15次,得到粒径为100~150nm的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体。
S3:将海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠按质量体积比溶于纯化水中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体与所得基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心处理3min以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素溶于纯化水,得到可溶性壳聚糖浓度为10mg/mL,羟丙基纤维素浓度为50mg/mL的底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
实施例5
本实施例中用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,其中底衬的底面为30mm×15mm的长方形、正方形、圆形或椭圆形,底衬上的微针矩阵含有300个三棱椎体载药针尖,载药针尖的高度为1500μm,载药针尖的间距为0.75mm。
本实施例中载药针尖由质量比为1:10的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体和基质组成;基质由质量体积比为45g:100mL的水溶性材料和中药水煎液组成;本实施例中的水溶性材料为质量比为2:1的海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠。本实施例中底衬由质量比为1:3的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
本实施例用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法为:
S1:按质量比17:8:1~5:1~3将银杏叶、红花、葛根和黄芪混合,粉碎至100目后用8倍质量的纯化水浸泡6~8h,然后水煎60min,过滤收集滤液,再加入3倍质量的纯化水水煎40min,过滤收集滤液,将两次滤液合并得到中药水煎液;
S2:按奥扎格雷钠、蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇的质量比为12:120:15准备材料,按蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇和二氯甲烷的质量体积比为120mg:15mg:10mL将蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇溶于二氯甲烷,40℃恒温水浴中减压蒸发1h,蒸发二氯甲烷后得到脂膜;将奥扎格雷钠溶于纯化水中,得到质量浓度为1mg/mL的奥扎格雷钠水溶液,将所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液加入所述脂膜中,常压旋转水化20min,对所得水化系统进行冰浴100W超声处理10min,通过孔径为100nm的聚碳酸酯膜对超声处理后的水化体系进行过膜处理,反复挤出15次,得到粒径为100~150nm的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体。
S3:将海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠按质量体积比溶于纯化水中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体与所得基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心处理3min以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素溶于纯化水,得到可溶性壳聚糖浓度为10mg/mL,羟丙基纤维素浓度为30mg/mL的底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
实施例6
本实施例中用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,其中底衬的底面直径为20mm的圆形,底衬上的微针矩阵含有195个圆锥体载药针尖,载药针尖的高度为2000μm,载药针尖的间距为0.75mm。
本实施例中载药针尖由质量比为1:20的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体和基质组成;基质由质量体积比为45g:100mL的水溶性材料和中药水煎液组成;本实施例中的水溶性材料为质量比为2:1的海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠。本实施例中底衬由质量比为1:4的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
本实施例用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法为:
S1:按质量比20:9:7:4将银杏叶、红花、葛根和黄芪混合,粉碎至100目后用8倍质量的纯化水浸泡6~8h,然后水煎50min,过滤收集滤液,再加入3倍质量的纯化水水煎300min,过滤收集滤液,将两次滤液合并得到中药水煎液;
S2:按奥扎格雷钠、蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇的质量比为11:120:15准备材料,按蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇和二氯甲烷的质量体积比为120mg:15mg:10mL将蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇溶于二氯甲烷,40℃恒温水浴中减压蒸发1h,蒸发二氯甲烷后得到脂膜;将奥扎格雷钠溶于纯化水中,得到质量浓度为1mg/mL的奥扎格雷钠水溶液,将所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液加入所述脂膜中,常压旋转水化20min,对所得水化系统进行冰浴100W超声处理10min,通过孔径为100nm的聚碳酸酯膜对超声处理后的水化体系进行过膜处理,反复挤出15次,得到粒径为100~150nm的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体。
S3:将海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠按质量体积比溶于纯化水中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体与所得基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心处理3min以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素溶于纯化水,得到可溶性壳聚糖浓度为10mg/mL,羟丙基纤维素浓度为40mg/mL的底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
实施例7
本实施例中用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,由微针矩阵和底衬组成,其中底衬的底面为椭圆形,底衬上的微针矩阵含有300个三棱椎体载药针尖,载药针尖的高度为1500μm,载药针尖的间距为0.75mm。
本实施例中载药针尖由质量比为1:1~45的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体和基质组成;基质由质量体积比为45g:100mL的水溶性材料和中药水煎液组成;本实施例中的水溶性材料为质量比为2:1的海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠。本实施例中底衬由质量比为1:5的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成。
本实施例用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法为:
S1:按质量比15:8:4:5将银杏叶、红花、葛根和黄芪混合,粉碎至100目后用8倍质量的纯化水浸泡6~8h,然后水煎40min,过滤收集滤液,再加入3倍质量的纯化水水煎30min,过滤收集滤液,将两次滤液合并得到中药水煎液;
S2:按奥扎格雷钠、蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇的质量比为14:140:15准备材料,按蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇和二氯甲烷的质量体积比为140mg:15mg:10mL将蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇溶于二氯甲烷,40℃恒温水浴中减压蒸发1h,蒸发二氯甲烷后得到脂膜;将奥扎格雷钠溶于纯化水中,得到质量浓度为1mg/mL的奥扎格雷钠水溶液,将所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液加入所述脂膜中,常压旋转水化20min,对所得水化系统进行冰浴100W超声处理10min,通过孔径为100nm的聚碳酸酯膜对超声处理后的水化体系进行过膜处理,反复挤出15次,得到粒径为100~150nm的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体。
S3:将海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠按质量体积比溶于纯化水中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体与所得基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心处理3min以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素溶于纯化水,得到可溶性壳聚糖浓度为10mg/mL,羟丙基纤维素浓度为50mg/mL的底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
药效验证实验:
一、动物试验:
1、实验动物:SD大鼠若干,雌雄各半,体重180-240g。
2、静脉血栓造模:用角叉菜胶制作大鼠尾部血栓模型:精密称取角叉菜胶,以生理盐水配成4%浓度,给大鼠称重,乙醚麻醉,在大鼠尾静脉中部刺入无菌注射器针头0.2cm,通过模拟术后血管损伤诱发大鼠尾静脉血栓形成,在大鼠后足跖部皮下注射角叉菜胶,剂量为20mg/kg,测量大鼠造模后24h、48h和72h后大鼠尾长度及观察尾尖皮肤颜色变化,判定血栓形成情况。选择尾尖皮肤颜色呈暗红色至紫黑色,出现不同程度尾静脉血栓的大鼠共60只。
3、分组:将60只造模成功的大鼠随机分成6组,每组10只,测量大鼠尾部血栓长度。
第1组:空白对照,尾部施用不含任何药物的微针贴片,每天一片,连续施用15天;
第2组:尾部施用1/4片实施例1制备的含奥扎格雷钠的微针贴片,每天一片,连续施用15天;
第3组:尾部施用1/4片实施例2制备的含奥扎格雷钠的微针贴片,每天一片,连续施用15天;
第4组:尾部施用1/4片实施例3制备的含奥扎格雷钠的微针贴片,每天一片,连续施用15天;
第5组:尾部施用1/4片实施例4制备的含奥扎格雷钠的微针贴片,每天一片,连续施用15天;
第6组:注射奥扎格雷钠,剂量为35mg/kg,每天一次,连续用药15天。
4、试验结果:
连续用药15天后,麻醉大鼠,测量每只大鼠尾静脉血栓长度,然后处死各组大鼠,观察心脏、消化道、胃、肝、脾、肺出血情况。大鼠静脉血栓长度变化结果如表1所示:
由表1数据对比可以看出,本发明制备的抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的外用可溶性微针贴片具有显著的抗血栓效果,奥扎格雷钠随着针尖基质材料的降解缓慢释放进入体内,实现了稳定的透皮吸收速率,能够长时间维持稳定的局部血药浓度,与直接注射奥扎格雷钠相比能够在保证抗凝效果的同时克服注射抗凝药物易导致出血倾向的问题。
本发明在奥扎格雷钠脂质体剂型的基础上复配了银杏、红花、葛根和黄芪的水煎液,不但能起到活血化瘀的作用,还通过促进血液循环进一步加快药物的运输,提高患处的药物吸收效率,进而提高了药物组合物的抗血小板聚集的作用,在增加中药组分的同时避免了药物浓度的降低,使中药西药的结合产生了1+1>2的效果。
二、临床试验
1、临床病例:病例共64例,其中因产后导致下肢深静脉血栓女性患者23例,年龄28~37岁;因外伤骨折导致下肢深静脉血栓男性患者25例,女性患者16例,年龄56~77岁。
2、诊断标准:彩色多普勒、ECT或下肢静脉造影显示血栓阻塞范围和部位;病例患肢肿胀,双下肢同水平位置周径差大于2.0cm。
3、疗效标准:
痊愈:患肢肿胀完全消失,双下肢同水平位置周径差小于0.05cm;
显效:患肢肿胀明显减轻,双下肢同水平位置周径差为0.5~1.0cm;
有效:患肢肿胀减轻,双下肢同水平位置周径差为1.0~2.0cm;
无效:患肢肿胀未见好转,双下肢同水平位置周径差大于2.0cm。
4、给药方式:
在患肢血栓位置对应的皮肤上施用实施例5制备的微针贴片,每天施用一片,微针贴片刺入皮肤后按压1min,2h后撕去底层背衬即可。
5、疗效统计:
试验项目 | 病例 | 痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 显效率 | 总有效率 |
实施例6 | 64例 | 17例 | 38例 | 9例 | 0例 | 85.9% | 100% |
临床数据显示,本发明制备的抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的外用可溶性微针贴片具有显著的抗血栓效果,适用于临床推广应用。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物为外用可溶性微针贴片,所述微针贴片由微针矩阵和底衬组成,所述底衬由质量比为1:3~5的可溶性壳聚糖和羟丙基纤维素组成;所述底衬的形状为长方形、正方形或圆形,所述底衬的尺寸为16mm×16mm,30mm×15mm或直径20mm;每片微针贴片底衬上的微针矩阵含有不少于120个载药针尖,所述载药针尖的高度为1000~2000μm,所述载药针尖的间距为0.75mm,所述载药针尖包含质量比为1:1~50的奥扎格雷钠和基质;所述基质包含质量体积比为30~45g:100mL的水溶性材料和溶剂;所述水溶性材料为羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇、海藻酸钠中的一种或几种的组合;所述溶剂为纯化水或中药水煎液;所述中药水煎液由质量比为10~22:3~10:1~8:1~8的银杏叶、红花、葛根和黄芪组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述中药水煎液的制备方法为按质量比将银杏、红花、葛根和黄芪混合,粉碎至100目后用8倍质量的纯化水浸泡6~8h,然后水煎40~60min,过滤收集滤液,再加入3倍质量的纯化水水煎30~40min,过滤收集滤液,将两次滤液合并得到中药水煎液。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述奥扎格雷钠为载药脂质体剂型,由质量比为10~14:120~140:15的奥扎格雷钠、蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇组成。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述载药脂质体的制备方法为:将蛋黄卵磷脂和胆固醇溶于二氯甲烷,蒸发二氯甲烷后得到脂膜;将奥扎格雷钠溶于纯化水中,得到奥扎格雷钠水溶液,将所述奥扎格雷钠水溶液加入所述脂膜中,常压旋转水化,对所得水化系统进行冰浴超声处理,通过孔径为100nm的聚碳酸酯膜对超声处理后的水化体系进行过膜处理,反复挤出15次,得到粒径为100~150nm的奥扎格雷钠载药脂质体。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一所述用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,将水溶性材料溶解于溶剂中,搅拌均匀得到基质,将奥扎格雷钠与所述基质混合后搅拌均匀得到载药基质,将所述载药基质导入微针矩阵阴模模具中使其充分填充模具下部的针尖腔体,将装有载药基质的模具离心处理以排除针尖腔体内的多余空气,去除针尖腔体以外多余的载药基质,待载药基质固化后,配制底衬基质,将底衬基质导入与固化的载药基质连同的底衬腔体内,使底衬充分填充到底衬腔体内,待底衬充分固化后脱模即得到外用可溶性微针贴片。
6.根据权利要求5所述一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述针尖腔体的形状为椎体,具体为三棱椎体或圆锥体,所述底衬腔体为底面为长方形、正方形、圆形或椭圆形。
7.根据权利要求6所述一种用于抗血小板聚集的含奥扎格雷钠的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述离心为2000转/分钟的转速条件下离心3min。
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