CN1166312A - 计算机层析x射线摄影机 - Google Patents

计算机层析x射线摄影机 Download PDF

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CN1166312A
CN1166312A CN97104908A CN97104908A CN1166312A CN 1166312 A CN1166312 A CN 1166312A CN 97104908 A CN97104908 A CN 97104908A CN 97104908 A CN97104908 A CN 97104908A CN 1166312 A CN1166312 A CN 1166312A
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detector
ray
anode
detected material
ray source
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埃里克·海尔
彼得·沙德特
冈特·施维茨
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Siemens AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/40—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4021—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving movement of the focal spot
    • A61B6/4028—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving movement of the focal spot resulting in acquisition of views from substantially different positions, e.g. EBCT
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]

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Abstract

一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，它由一X射线源(2)和一探测器(D)这样构成，使得可在较短时间内扫描被检测物(1)的体积。X射线源(2)包括一个沿Z向伸长的阳极(12)，焦点(F)可在其上移动。同步于该焦点的运动，对初级射线光阑(14)进行调节。该初级射线光阑(14)使角锥形的X射线束(3、4、5)被这样遮挡投影，使得全部X射线束均撞击到探测器(D)上却没有过度照射它。探测器(D)由一探测元件矩阵构成。

Description

计算机层析X射线摄影机
本发明涉及一种计算机层析X射线摄影机。
在已公开的计算机层析X射线摄影机中，对被检测物的扫描是通过一束扇形X射线束来进行的，该射线束由X射线源发出并撞击在由一系列探测元件构成的探测器上。为扫描被检测物的多个平行层面，在应用面探测器(探测器矩阵)时，在X射线源内设有一延长了的阳极，它沿系统轴线方向延伸，而X射线源和探测器可绕该轴线转动。在这类阳极上，焦点可沿系统轴线(Z轴)进行调节。
在DE3222030A1中记载了一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中，为从不同的方向透射被检测物，由X射线源和探测器构成的测量装置绕系统轴线进行的转动，可由此取消，即采用一位置固定的条状探测器和具有延长阳极的X射线源，在阳极上，可利用电子方法移动焦点，因此，由不同方向发射出的平面X射线束都可以到达探测器。这篇论文没有说明如何实现被检测物的体积扫描。
本发明的目的在于提供一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中借助于一个在Z轴方向上具有延长阳极的X射线源，快速地实现对被检测物的体积扫描。
本发明的目的是这样实现的，即采用一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其具有一X射线源和一探测器，为能够在不同方向透射被检测物，该X射线摄影机可绕系统轴线转动，其中，X射线源具有一个沿系统轴线方向伸长的阳极，焦点在阳极上可通过一移动磁场沿其长度方向偏转，因而可扫描被检测物的体积，其中同步于焦点运动，对将X射线束遮挡投影成角锥形的初级射线光阑进行调节，使得穿透被检测物出来的X射线束全部撞击到探测器上，且该探测器由一个矩阵的探测元件构成，使得不必移动病人，就可对体积进行扫描。
采用这种计算机层析X射线摄影机能够获取体积(信息)，而患者在扫描期间不必进行移动。因此仅转动射线源和探测器就可以进行体积拍摄。
下面借助于附图所示实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，附图中：
图1为本发明计算机层析X射线摄影机的主要部分；
图2为图1所示计算机层析X射线摄影机中的X射线束的透视图。
在图1中示出一个被检测物1，它是经一个由一X射线源2和一探测器D构成的测量系统来进行检测的。在此，X射线源2发射出一角锥形的、穿过被检测物1并且撞击到探测器D上的X射线束3或4、5。探测器D沿系统轴线6(Z轴)方向上延展，并且由一探测元件矩阵组成。为了扫描被检测物1，X射线源2和探测器D可绕系统轴线6转动，计算机把探测器D的探测元件构成的输出信号转换成图像信息，因而，所检测的躯体部分的图像可以在监视器上再现。
在壳体7内，X射线源2包含有一个电子枪8，它所发射出的电子射线9利用一偏转磁场10回转约18O°，并贯穿通过线圈装置11。线圈装置11由一列可单独控制的磁性线圈构成，因而可产生一个移动磁场，借助它，阳极12上的焦点F可沿其长度方向偏转。射线捕集器13可以防止电子射线9由X射线源2内逸出。
借助于移动磁场，焦点F可在阳极12的整个长度上移动。相对于该焦点移动同步地对初级射线光阑14进行调节，该光阑14将X射线束遮挡投影成角锥形，这样射线束不会过度照射探测器D。在调节初级射线光阑14时，要使在阳极12的端点处的X射线束4、5被这样遮挡投影，使得即使在那儿，辐射也不会超出探测器D。
在图2中精确地示出了中部的X射线束3。图2表明，射线束呈角锥形伸展，并全部撞击到探测器D上，没有过度照射它。

Claims (1)

1一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其具有一X射线源(2)和一探测器(D)，为能够在不同方向透射被检测物(1)，该X射线摄影机可绕系统轴线(6)转动，其中，X射线源(2)具有一个沿系统轴线(6)方向伸长的阳极(12)，焦点(F)在阳极上可通过一移动磁场沿其长度方向偏转，因而可扫描被检测物(1)的体积，其中同步于焦点运动，对将X射线束(3)遮挡投影成角锥形的初级射线光阑(14)进行调节，使得穿透被检测物(1)出来的X射线束全部撞击到探测器(D)上，且该探测器(D)由一个矩阵的探测元件构成，使得不必移动病人，就可对体积进行扫描。
CN97104908A 1996-05-09 1997-03-26 计算机层析x射线摄影机 Pending CN1166312A (zh)

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CN100407991C (zh) * 1998-10-30 2008-08-06 沃卢森塞有限公司 体积生理参数测量系统
CN102150036A (zh) * 2008-09-10 2011-08-10 欧姆龙株式会社 X射线检查装置及x射线检查方法
CN101228553B (zh) * 2005-05-23 2012-10-24 健康与环境慕尼黑德国研究中心赫姆霍茨中心(有限公司) 用于成像断层造影的方法和装置

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US5841831A (en) 1998-11-24
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