CN116623869A

CN116623869A - Assembled wall surface or wallboard and waterproof technology

Info

Publication number: CN116623869A
Application number: CN202211106433.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龙宏元
Original assignee: Huaihua Wopu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Huaihua Wopu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2023-08-22
Also published as: CN212295111U; CN112252489A

Abstract

The invention provides an assembled wall surface or wallboard and a waterproof technology, wherein the wall surface is provided with a wallboard with a waterproof function, at least the outer side of an upright side interface of the wall surface and the wallboard interface is a non-wetting surface, and a drainage part is arranged at the non-wetting surface and used for guiding leakage water flow to be discharged downwards; the upper end and the lower end of the wall plate of the wall surface are fixedly connected with the upper beam and the lower beam or fixedly connected with the upright posts on two sides, or fixedly connected with the upper beam, the lower beam and the upright posts on the upper end and the lower end and the side edges. Compared with the related art, the assembled wall surface or wallboard and the waterproof technology provided by the invention can effectively realize waterproof, and have better structural stability.

Description

Assembled wall surface or wallboard and waterproof technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to a waterproof engineering of a building, in particular to an assembled wall surface or a wallboard and a waterproof technology which jointly complete a waterproof task by a waterproof board with a hydrophobic surface, a hydrophilic guide piece and other auxiliary drainage facilities.

Background

The wall surfaces of common houses are realized by strictly preventing rainwater leakage for a long time, the requirements on construction sites, processes and weather are high, and particularly, the construction sites, the processes and the weather are not ageing-resistant, and the materials are reduced by the aid of the materials in a steal way, so that the waterproof years are not long, the materials are repeatedly maintained, resources are wasted, the ideal waterproof effect is not achieved, the waste materials are difficult to recycle, the environmental pollution is serious, the resource consumption is large, the environment is not protected, and the structural stability of the wall surfaces of the common houses in the prior art is poor. In addition, once the wall plate joint, particularly the vertical joint, is cracked and water flows penetrate, the wall plate joint is difficult to discharge, is easy to leak into the joint and is difficult to discharge outwards from the crack; the transverse interface, especially the lower transverse interface, is easier to leak or flow into the interface once water flow permeates; the traditional vertical drainage device is arranged to turn outwards or fold outwards, and then water can leave the wall body, but the appearance and the appearance of the wall body are affected, so that the vertical drainage device is only arranged in the interface, the downward flowing water can always flow on the wall body and in the interface, the wall body is difficult to leave, and the interface between the wall board and the upright post, the beam structure and the wall board is more difficult to waterproof than the interface between the wall board and the upright post, the beam structure and the wall board, and the structure is more complex.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an assembled wall or wallboard and a waterproof technology, which aims to solve the problems of short waterproof period, difficult construction, poor structural stability and the like in the prior waterproof technology.

The invention is completed by the following steps:

the assembled wall or wall board and waterproof technology includes the steps of connecting the interfaces around the assembled wall or wall board with waterproof function and proper size to be transported manually or mechanically with beam and column structure, connecting the interfaces inside and outside the assembled wall or wall board via rib beam or rib, or connecting the wall or wall board with beam or column structure or the final connecting interface of the assembled wall or wall board via seamless connecting structure or interface, and filling solidification or connecting material into the seamless connecting structure or interface to connect and fix or lock the fixing device; waterproof areas on two sides of the wall surface or the wallboard interface (at least the outer side of the vertical side interface and the junction of the transverse interface and the vertical side) are set to be non-wetting surface functional areas with certain widths and two opposite directions; a drainage part is vertically or nearly vertically arranged between vertical interfaces of the two opposite non-infiltration surface functional areas and used for guiding leakage water flow penetrating into the interfaces to flow downwards or outwards or be discharged; at least one of a waterproof structure, a drainage structure or a drainage device is arranged outside the transverse or vertical interfaces or the interfaces of the two opposite non-wetting surface functional areas and is used for leading out or draining water flow penetrating into the interfaces or preventing water flow from penetrating into the interfaces; the drainage part is contacted with the non-wetting surface functional areas of the two opposite sides of the interface or is arranged on the non-wetting surface functional areas of the two opposite sides of the interface, and comprises at least one of a hydrophilic drainage surface or a drainage piece vertically or nearly vertically arranged in the non-wetting surface area of the wall surface; the waterproof structure or the drainage structure at least comprises one of a waterproof interface, an inclined drainage part, a rib and waterproof interface combination, a wallboard concave wedge-shaped opening and rib combination, a transverse interface drainage piece, an interface non-wetting spacer substance, a non-wetting water stop surface, a guide structure and a gravity drainage structure: the waterproof joint is at least waterproof treated on the surface of the wall surface or the lower end of the wallboard and the surface inside the drainage part at the joint of the girder structure, so that the leakage water flow flowing to the lower end of the drainage part cannot flow to the inner side of the joint and is directly discharged to the outside of the wallboard joint, namely flows to the outside of the joint, the upper end of the inclined drainage part is arranged at a certain distance inside the outside of the joint or the upper end of the drainage part is arranged at a certain distance inside the joint from the outside or the outer surface of the board joint, the lower end of the inclined drainage part, namely the water outlet or the water outlet, is communicated with the outer surface of the board or the outside of the board joint or the highest position of the waterproof structure or measure is or below, the combination of the convex rib and the waterproof joint is the convex rib with the slope from the inner high to the outer side on the girder structure at the lower end of the wallboard joint, and the waterproof treatment height of the wallboard joint is higher than the height of the convex rib, the combination of the concave wedge-shaped opening and the convex rib in the wallboard is that the concave wedge-shaped opening arranged at the lower end of the wallboard is reversely buckled on the slope of the convex rib with slope outwards, the transverse joint drainage piece at least comprises a drainage piece arranged above the transverse joint and crossing the transverse joint, so that water above the transverse joint directly flows downwards along the drainage piece and bypasses the transverse joint, the drainage piece is arranged at the joint between the lower end of the wallboard and the cross beam or the convex rib, so that water on the wallboard can naturally flow downwards, a hydrophilic drainage piece is arranged between non-wetting surfaces in the transverse joint to drain water penetrating into the joint outwards or to the two ends of the transverse joint, a non-wetting spacer is arranged at the joint, the non-wetting spacer separates a waterproof drainage structure outside the drainage part or the joint from hydrophilic bonding or solidifying materials inside a joint gap, and the non-wetting water stop surface is used for separating the convex rib, the concave wedge-shaped opening, the male tenon and the female joint, at least the highest position or the corners of two adjacent surfaces of the tenon structure and the mortise structure are provided with non-infiltration surfaces for preventing water from flowing into the interface for infiltration, the guiding structure is characterized in that the tail end, namely the lower end, of the drainage piece is arranged on or stretches into the outer side of the top of the wedge-shaped opening, and the gravity drainage structure is a drainage structure or a channel which is arranged under the action of self gravity and is used for automatically downwards flowing and draining the interface.

Preferably, the lower end of the inclined drainage part, namely the drainage opening or the drainage end, is not higher than the highest position of the next waterproof structure or measure or not higher than 5cm, or a water flow path under the action of gravity cannot be formed between the drainage opening and the highest position of the next waterproof structure or measure.

Preferably, the drainage part or all the drainage devices arranged vertically or nearly vertically are hidden in the connector to be more attractive, and the upper end, namely the top end, of the lower drainage part or the drainage device is arranged on the inner side of the upper waterproof structure, or on the inner side of the drainage side or the drainage outlet of the upper drainage part or the drainage device.

Preferably, a sealing gasket or strip is arranged at the joint of the assembled wall surface or wallboard (namely, two sides of the seamless joint) to seal the joint gap, prevent the interface solidification material from flowing out of the joint gap, or a sealing groove is arranged at the side part of the joint (namely, two sides of the seamless joint) to arrange the sealing gasket or strip in the sealing groove.

Preferably, two sides of the wallboard interface are respectively provided with a perforated flat plate or a perforated T-shaped plate, and the T-shaped plate and the flat plate are fixedly connected so as to fasten two wallboards or the wallboard and the upright post interface; the drainage pieces are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two sides of the transverse plate of the T-shaped plate and are tightly attached to the non-wetting surfaces of the vertical side surfaces of the wallboard; or two sides of the joint of the assembled wall or wallboard and the waterproof technology are respectively provided with a perforated flat plate, and the two flat plates are fixedly connected so as to fasten the joints of the two waterproof wallboards or wallboards and the upright post; drainage pieces are arranged on two sides of the flat plate and used for guiding leakage water to be discharged downwards.

Preferably, the assembly type wall surface or wallboard and the waterproof technology are provided with waterproof gaskets or waterproof pressurizing strips which expand after water absorption between interfaces of the surface non-wetting structure.

Preferably, the drainage part is a hydrophilic drainage surface in the vertical hydrophobic side surface of the outer wall or a hydrophilic drainage piece or a combined drainage piece arranged on a non-wetting surface of the vertical side surface of the outer wall; the drainage piece, the waterproof gasket or the waterproof pressurizing strip is a hydrophilic drainage piece or a combined drainage piece; the combined drainage piece is formed by alternately arranging and combining hydrophilic drainage pieces and non-infiltration strips.

Preferably, non-wetting strips are arranged between the opposite hydrophobic surfaces at the two sides of the interface; or a non-wetting strip is tightly arranged between the convex rib and the wedge-shaped opening and at the inner side of the hydrophilic drainage piece to prevent water flow between the convex rib and the wedge-shaped opening from flowing upwards.

Preferably, more than one sealing groove is longitudinally arranged on one side or two sides of a joint formed by ribs of the beam body or the upright post or the wallboard joint or grooves arranged in the joint, and sealing strips or isolating strips are arranged on the sealing grooves; or processing the non-wetting surface of the sealing groove, and installing a sealing strip or a spacer on the non-wetting sealing groove; or sealing strips or isolating strips are arranged or stuck between the joints formed by the beam body or the upright post or the wallboard joints or the ribs of the grooves arranged in the joints; or sealing strips or isolating strips are arranged or stuck between non-wetting surface interfaces formed by the beam body or the upright post or the wallboard interfaces or the convex edges of the grooves arranged in the interfaces.

Preferably, a seamless connection structure or an interface is arranged in the wall surface or the wallboard, the upright post and the beam structure, the seamless connection structure or the interface is at least one of an uneven surface, a convex crutch filling area and a pin hole which are arranged on one side surface of two opposite overlapped or attached interface sides, the uneven surface comprises at least one of a groove, a pit and an uneven surface which are arranged on the overlapped side surface, the pin hole comprises a through pin hole which is arranged between two opposite overlapped or attached ribs or rib beams, the convex crutch filling area comprises convex crutch which are arranged on the rib or rib beam which is limited by staggering in a staggering way and used for preventing the inner wall and the outer wall of the wallboard from sliding in a staggering way and forming a filling area, or convex crutch which is arranged on the male tenon and the female tenon of the overlapped interface of the two wallboards in a staggering way and forms a filling area.

Preferably, the seamless connection structure or joint is arranged in one side face of one joint which is finally connected or installed in the fixing space, or is arranged between a male tenon and a female tenon of a wallboard lap joint which is basically fixed inwards and outwards or limited in movement, or is arranged between overlapped or attached convex ribs or rib beams or grooves which are staggered on the butt joint surfaces of the wallboards layered on the inner wall and the outer wall but limited in position or movement.

Preferably, holes are arranged on the side walls of the grooves or pits of the seamless connection structure or the interface; or one side of the side wall of the groove or the pit is arranged to be shorter than the other side; or a notch is arranged on the side wall of the groove or the pit, so that the coagulation or solidification or sintering or bonding type connecting or fixing material can be conveniently injected into the seamless connecting structure or the interface.

Preferably, the inclined drainage part comprises at least one of an inclined arrangement, wherein the drainage part of the two-phase opposite non-wetting surface functional section in the vertical interface is arranged to be uninterrupted or less interrupted in the vertical direction with the high interface outside low, but the upper and lower disconnection positions are horizontally spaced or interrupted, namely, the upper and lower disconnection positions are highly continuous or the interrupted distance is limited, and the space generated inwards in the horizontal direction between the lower upper end and the upper tail end can ensure that the water flow flowing downwards can be absorbed and drained by the drainage part, or an arrangement combination, wherein the arrangement is more than one of the vertical arrangement, namely, the vertical arrangement is uninterrupted or less interrupted in the vertical direction, but the upper end is horizontally spaced or interrupted, namely, the space generated inwards in the horizontal direction between the lower upper end and the upper tail end is arranged to be inclined or towards the interface outside corner.

Preferably, the gravity drainage structure at least comprises one of a convex rib or a slope or a step which is arranged at a transverse joint and is high in the inner side and low in the outer side, a degradation step which is arranged at the outer side of the wallboard and is not high in the lower convex rib or step or protrudes out of the upper convex rib or step, a groove which is lower in the outer side wall than the inner side wall is arranged at the lower transverse joint, an upper male tenon and lower female tenon or an upper mortise and tenon combination and a drainage hole communicated with the outer side wall, so that water flow can automatically flow outwards and downwards under the action of gravity; the upper male tenon and the lower female tenon or the upper mortise and lower tenon are combined, a wallboard with a mortise structure at the lower side is arranged on a wallboard with a tenon structure at the upper side, or a male tenon is arranged at the lower side of a wallboard at the upper side of the joint, namely the outer side of the wallboard at the lower side is downwards provided with a convex rib, and the female tenon is arranged at the upper side of the wallboard at the lower side of the joint, namely the inner side of the convex rib at the outer side of the lateral joint is an overlapped joint of the male tenon and the female tenon in the lower side, and the drainage hole communicated with the outer side of the lateral joint is arranged at the corner of the inner side lower edge of the lateral joint, namely the intersection of the inner side of the lateral rib and the inner side of the lateral rib or the plane in the lateral rib is communicated with a spandrel beam or the outer side wall below the lateral rib, or a drainage channel of the lower plane is arranged at the lower side of the lateral joint and communicated with the outer wall surface at the lower side of the lateral joint, or a through drainage hole is arranged on the sandal plate between the lateral seamless joint and the lateral joint, so that the lateral joint can automatically leak water flow and drain the outer side of the lateral joint can be communicated with the drainage hole through the lateral wall.

Preferably, the thin plate with the thickness not larger than the gap size is arranged in the interface with the larger gap to serve as a sandal plate, or the thin plate with the thickness not larger than the gap size and provided with a serial through hole at the position corresponding to the seamless connection structure or the interface is arranged in the interface with the larger gap to serve as a sandal plate, so that the gap of the interface is reduced; at least the surface of the sandalwood plate opposite to the non-infiltration surface of the outer side interface is a non-infiltration surface, so that the sealing and drainage effects are improved.

Preferably, the grooves and the sealing grooves convenient for installing the drainage pieces are consistent with the trend of the drainage pieces, the sealing strips or the isolating strips.

Preferably, the vertical interface comprises a vertical interface between two wallboard sides or between a wallboard and a column side, or a vertical interface between a perforated flat plate or a perforated T-shaped plate and the inner and outer surfaces of the wallboard or the column, or a vertical interface formed between a wallboard or column vertical interface or a rib structure between the sides.

Preferably, the wall surface is provided with a wall plate with a waterproof function, at least the outer sides of the vertical side surface interfaces of the wall surface and the wall plate interface are non-wetting surfaces, and drainage parts are arranged at the non-wetting surfaces and used for guiding leakage water to be discharged downwards; the upper end and the lower end of the wall plate of the wall surface are fixedly connected with the upper beam and the lower beam or fixedly connected with the upright posts on two sides, or fixedly connected with the upper beam, the lower beam and the upright posts on the upper end and the lower end and the side edges.

Preferably, the drainage part is a hydrophilic drainage surface in the vertical non-wetting side surface of the wall surface or a drainage strip arranged on the vertical non-wetting side surface of the wall surface, and the drainage strip is a hydrophilic drainage strip or a combined drainage piece; the combined drainage piece is formed by alternately arranging and combining hydrophilic drainage strips and non-wetting strips.

Preferably, the outer sides of the upper beam and the lower beam are ribs with slopes from inside to outside, and the upper end and the lower end of the assembled wall or wallboard and the waterproof technology are fixedly connected with the inner side surfaces of the ribs of the upper beam and the lower beam; the outer side edges of the outer side ribs of the grooves above and/or below the beam body are processed into non-infiltration inclined planes with high inner side and low outer side, or the outer side edges of the outer side ribs of the grooves above the beam body are processed into lower steps.

Preferably, the side structure of the assembled wall or wallboard and the waterproof technology is as follows:

the notch or the convex edge of the mortise-tenon structure is used for mutual engagement connection between the wallboards and the upright posts as well as between the upright posts and the upper and lower beams; and/or

The female tenons or the male tenons are used for mutually overlapping connection between the wallboards and the upright posts as well as the upper and lower beams;

The mortise and tenon structure double notch and purline or cast concrete material are used for mutual engagement connection between wall boards and upright posts and upper and lower beams.

Preferably, two sides of the wallboard interface are respectively provided with a perforated flat plate and a perforated T-shaped plate, and the T-shaped plate and the flat plate are fixedly connected so as to fasten two wallboards or the wallboard and the upright post interface; and drainage strips are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two sides of the transverse plate of the T-shaped plate and are tightly attached to the non-infiltration surfaces of the vertical side surfaces of the wallboard.

Preferably, two sides of the joint of the assembled wall or wallboard and the waterproof technology are respectively provided with a perforated flat plate, and the two flat plates are fixedly connected so as to fasten the joints of the two waterproof wallboards or wallboards and the upright post; drainage strips are arranged on two sides of the flat plate and used for downwards discharging leakage water.

Preferably, a T-shaped upright post is fixedly arranged between the upper beam and the lower beam; or the notch is arranged on the upright post between the upper beam and the lower beam and corresponds to the wallboard notch, or the notch is arranged on the upper beam and corresponds to the wallboard notch, and the notch is filled with a bonding material for improving the stability of the wall surface.

Preferably, holes are formed in the side edges, close to the grooves, of the wallboard, holes are formed in the side edges, close to the grooves, of the beam body and the upright post, and the holes are used for injecting the cementing material; or the length of one side edge, close to the groove, of the wallboard, the beam body and the upright post is processed to be shorter than the other side edge; a purline is arranged in the groove, a hole is formed in the middle of the purline, a plurality of leakage holes are distributed around the purline and communicated with the hole, and gaps exist between the purline and the inner wall of the groove; the width of the sandal plate is proper to the width of the convex edge at the outer side of the groove, at least two side surfaces of the sandal plate are non-wetting surfaces, and sealing strips or isolating strips and drainage strips are arranged at two sides of the sandal plate; the sandal plate with proper thickness and non-wetting surface at least on the side of the part corresponding to the convex edge outside the groove and through holes at the part corresponding to the groove is arranged between the convex edges at both sides of the groove.

Preferably, at least one sealing groove is longitudinally processed on the inner side, the outer side or the convex edges of the inner side and the outer side of the groove at one side or two sides of the joints of the beam body, the upright post and the wallboard, and sealing strips or isolating strips are arranged on the sealing grooves; or processing the non-wetting surface of the sealing groove, and installing a sealing strip or a spacer on the non-wetting sealing groove; or a sealing strip or a spacer strip is arranged or stuck between the wallboard and the convex edge at the outer side of the groove of the beam body.

Preferably, the direction of the plane formed by the seamless connection structure or the interface and the plate, namely the seamless connection structure or the interface, and the plane formed by the plate are in a vertical or nearly vertical state or the direction of movement of the plate during installation, so that the size, namely the dimension, of the plate is just matched with the installation space.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. the waterproof construction technology breaks through the technical difficulty of the existing building waterproof engineering, so that the waterproof engineering is developed from the past strict and completely-closed waterproof mode to the plugging and dredging combination mode, and the engineering construction difficulty and the production cost are greatly reduced.

2. The waterproof construction method has low requirements on construction sites, processes and weather conditions, has long waterproof period, does not generate harmful substances in the construction process, is environment-friendly industry, and meets the requirements of environmental protection.

3. The waterproof and heat-insulating composite material can be produced by using plastic or rubber foam, extruded sheets, composite materials, and other heat-insulating materials to carry out standardized section bars or prefabricated components independently, or can be produced by using plastic or rubber foam, extruded sheets, composite materials, and other heat-insulating materials to carry out standardized section bars or prefabricated components in combination with metal and plastic, and can achieve ideal waterproof and heat-insulating effects.

4. It can be produced from standardized profiles or prefabricated parts of concrete.

5. Structural stability between the wallboard and the beam body can be improved.

6. The water flow penetrating into the interface can be easily blocked outside the waterproof measure and is completely drained or drained through gravity or fall, so that the seepage water flow is prevented from excessively penetrating into the inner side of the interface, and the seepage water flow is prevented from corroding a building structure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wallboard according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the wallboard of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the wallboard of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the wall panel of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the wall panel of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the T-shaped plate structure of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a flat panel according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a spandrel girder of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of embodiment 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the construction of a spandrel girder according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydrophilic drainage member according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of the construction of the wallboard of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of the construction of the wallboard of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of a column according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the construction of a spandrel girder according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing the construction of a spandrel girder according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view of a spandrel girder of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Fig. 20 is a schematic plan view of a wall panel according to embodiment 6 of the present application;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a purlin of example 6 of the application;

fig. 22 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of embodiment 6 of the present application;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the purlin sheet of example 6 of the application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of embodiment 7 of the present application;

FIG. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of embodiment 7 of the present application;

FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of embodiment 7 of the present application;

fig. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of embodiment 7 of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below.

The non-wetting surface in the application is a hydrophobic surface or a hydrophilic or neutral surface without surface wetting phenomenon, but the hydrophobic surface is preferable; the non-wetting member is a hydrophobic substance or a hydrophilic or neutral substance free of surface wetting, but a hydrophobic substance is preferred. Such as non-wetting sheet, non-wetting layer, non-wetting film, non-wetting strip, non-wetting block, non-wetting powder or particle, etc. are all non-wetting members.

Hydrophilic in the present application means a hydrophilic surface having surface wetting, adsorption and siphoning effects; hydrophilic drainage pieces such as hydrophilic substances, hydrophilic drainage strips, hydrophilic drainage layers, hydrophilic drainage blocks, hydrophilic drainage sheets and the like are suitable for hydrophilic substances with surface infiltration, adsorption and siphoning effects.

The non-wetting (impregnating) surface in the present invention includes a hydrophobic surface, a hydrophilic surface free from a surface wetting (impregnating) phenomenon, and a neutral surface free from a surface wetting (impregnating) phenomenon, but a hydrophobic surface is preferable; the non-wetting substance member or the bar includes a hydrophobic substance, a hydrophilic substance free from a surface wetting (immersion) phenomenon, and a neutral substance free from a surface wetting (immersion) phenomenon, but a hydrophobic substance is preferable.

Hydrophilic in the present invention means a hydrophilic surface having surface wetting, adsorption and siphoning effects; hydrophilic substances or hydrophilic bands, hydrophilic flow-guiding strips or elements, etc. are preferred hydrophilic substances having surface wetting, adsorbing and siphoning effects.

The invention provides an assembled wall or wallboard and waterproof technology, which is characterized in that a building wall surface is decomposed into more than two wallboards with regular geometric shapes, namely waterproof blocks, so that the worldwide problem that the surface of a large area cannot be cracked at present is solved, the waterproof tasks in each waterproof block are independently completed by each waterproof block, waterproof facilities are arranged at the interfaces of each waterproof block, a non-wetting surface functional area is arranged in each waterproof facility, and a non-wetting surface or substance which is flexible and is suitable can be deformed is arranged in the non-wetting surface functional area; and a drainage facility can be arranged in the non-infiltration surface functional area, and leakage water flow of the non-infiltration surface waterproof functional area is drained through the drainage facility.

And splicing the waterproof blocks together, and arranging a drainage facility below the water outlet interface of each waterproof block.

In the invention, the water inlet side is the side of the waterproof joint where water flows possibly permeate into the joint, and the water outlet side is the side of the waterproof joint where water flows permeate out.

Example 1

In combination with fig. 1, this embodiment provides an assembled wall or wallboard and waterproof technology, which is to process the wall surface into prefabricated wallboard [1] with proper height and proper width and good waterproof performance, in order to reduce the weight of the prefabricated wallboard [1], the wallboard [1] can be processed into hollow wallboard [1] with holes [2], the areas where the two sides (upright) of the wallboard [1] need to be waterproof are processed into non-wetting surfaces with proper hydrophobic surfaces, or more surfaces of the wallboard [1] can be processed into non-wetting surfaces, and hydrophilic drainage strips [8] are installed on the non-wetting surfaces of the upright sides of the wallboard [1] (the hydrophilic drainage strips [8] are installed at the positions close to the outer sides of the side surfaces but at proper distances from the outer side edges, that is, the outer side edges of the hydrophilic drainage strips [8] cannot cross the outer side edges of the wallboard [1], so that the hydrophilic drainage strips [8] are sealed by sealing materials between the interfaces of the two wallboards [1 ]), or the hydrophilic drainage surfaces [8] are directly processed into hydrophilic drainage surfaces with proper hydrophilic drainage surfaces or hydrophilic drainage strips [8] or hydrophilic drainage surfaces are processed with proper hydrophilic surfaces. The wall boards [1] with the hydrophilic drainage strips [8] or the hydrophilic drainage surfaces [8] are tightly placed or installed together, the gaps between the upper end and the lower end of the wall boards [1] and the upper beam and the lower beam (namely beam bodies) and the wall boards [1] are adhered, sealed and fixed by bonding materials (with proper hydrophobicity), the outer surface of the interface of the wall boards [1] and the upper beam is preferably subjected to waterproof treatment, the surface and the interface inside the hydrophilic drainage strips [8] of the interface of the wall boards [1] and the lower beam are preferably subjected to waterproof treatment, or more surfaces of the interface of the wall boards [1] and the lower upper beam are preferably subjected to waterproof treatment. When the gap bonding material of the two wall boards [1] is hydrophilic, a surface non-wetting substance which is suitable for hydrophobicity is added in the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] or the hydrophilic drainage surface [8] of the wall board [1] to separate the hydrophilic bonding material from the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] or the hydrophilic drainage surface [8], so that the hydrophilic bonding material is prevented from affecting the drainage effect of the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] or the hydrophilic drainage surface [8 ].

In this embodiment, when the waterproof areas on the two side surfaces of the wall board [1] are non-wetting surfaces, the non-wetting strips [8] with proper hydrophobicity can be used to replace the hydrophilic drainage strips [8], or the sealing strips [8] can be directly used to replace the hydrophilic drainage strips [8]. At this time, the non-wetting strip [8], the hydrophilic drainage strip [8], the sealing strip [8] or collectively the drainage strip [8].

In order to improve the structural stability of the wall plate [1] and the upper and lower beams, a rib [22] with a slope that is suitable for the upper surface to be the inner high, the outer low and the outer is processed on the outer side above the upper and lower spandrel beams [15], a rib [16] is processed on the outer side below the upper and lower spandrel beams [15] (similarly, the rib [16] can also be processed into an inclined surface with a slope that is high on the outer side and high on the inner side, at the moment, the upper end of the wall plate [1] is preferably processed into a corresponding inclined surface to be attached to the inclined surface of the rib [16 ]), the upper and lower end surfaces of the wall plate [1], the surfaces of the rib [22] and the rib [16] are preferably processed into non-wetted surfaces with continuous hydrophobic surfaces, the upper and lower ends of the wall plate [1] are tightly abutted against the rib [22] and the inner side surfaces of the rib [16], and the inner interface of the wall plate [1] and the spandrel beams [15] are bonded by using bonding materials, so that the wall plate [1] can be firmly installed between the upper and lower beams. At this time, the water-proof treatment height of the joint between the lower end of the wallboard [1] and the inner side of the spandrel girder [15] is higher than the height of the convex rib [22] so that the seepage water can be discharged automatically. At this time, in order to improve the drainage performance of the joint, a drainage hole can be processed at the junction of the surface of the convex edge (22) and the spandrel girder (15) and is communicated with the outer side wall of the spandrel girder (15), so that the infiltration rainwater at the joint can be immediately discharged from the drainage hole, and the waterproof effect is improved.

Referring to fig. 11, in order to improve the workability of the spandrel girder [15], a metal plate [18] may be vertically installed outside the spandrel girder [15] instead of the ribs [22], ribs [16], and the metal plate [18] may be embedded in the spandrel girder [15] with angle steel or a steel plate, or angle steel may be fixedly installed on the spandrel girder [15] after the spandrel girder [15] has been finished.

In order to further improve the structural stability of the wallboard [1] and the upper and lower beams, in combination with fig. 9, grooves [17] may be formed on the inner sides of the ribs [22], the ribs [16] or the metal plates [18] above or below the upper and lower spandrel beams [15], so that the upper and lower ends of the wallboard [1] are directly clamped in the grooves [17], and then the interface of the wallboard [1] and the spandrel beams [15] is adhered and fixed by using adhesive materials.

Referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, in order to improve the structural stability of the wall boards [1], the side surfaces of the wall boards [1] can be processed into the notches [4] of the mortise and tenon structures and the convex edges [3] of the mortise and tenon structures, or the two sides of one wall board [1] are processed into the notches [4] or the convex edges [3], and the mortise and tenon structures are meshed with each other and are adhered and fixed by using adhesive materials during installation.

Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, in order to improve the convenience of construction and structural stability of the wall board [1], the female tenon [21] is machined on one side of the wall board [1] (the notch is on the outer side), the male tenon [5] is machined on the other side (the notch is on the inner side), or the female tenon [21] or the male tenon [5] is machined on both sides of one wall board [1], and the female tenon and the male tenon are overlapped and adhered and fixed by using an adhesive material when being installed.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 4, in order to improve the flatness of the outer surfaces of the wallboard [1] and the upper and lower spandrel beams [15] on the basis of the embodiment 1, the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the wallboard [1] are processed with degradation steps [6] with proper height, the surfaces of the steps [6], the ribs [22] and the ribs [16] are processed with continuous non-infiltration surfaces, the height of the steps [6] is proper to the thickness of the ribs [22] and the ribs [16] or the metal plate [18], and the steps [6] of the wallboard [1] are attached to the inner side surfaces of the ribs [22] and the ribs [16] of the upper and lower beams or the metal plate [18] so that the outer surface of the wallboard [1] and the spandrel beams [15] can be kept flat, and the building outer wall is more attractive. At this time, the upper end of the wallboard [1] can be not subjected to waterproof treatment, and meanwhile, the joint of the lower end of the wallboard [1] and the convex rib [22] is preferably connected by a drainage piece, so that water flow on the wallboard [1] can naturally flow downwards, and the waterproof treatment between the lower end of the inner side of the wallboard [1] and the spandrel girder is omitted.

In the embodiment, the drainage pieces can be connected at all the transverse interfaces, so that water above each interface can naturally flow downwards across the interface, and the waterproof effect is improved.

Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, a vertical surface between the step [6] below the wallboard [1] and the original wallboard [1] may be processed into an inwardly concave wedge-shaped opening [7], and preferably, when the wallboard [1] is vertically installed, the highest position of the wedge-shaped opening [7] (the top of the wedge-shaped opening [7 ]) or the whole outer surface of the wedge-shaped opening [7] is processed into a non-wetting surface, so that water flow on the outer surface of the wallboard [1] is prevented from wetting above the surface of the wedge-shaped opening [7] at the lower edge of the wedge-shaped opening [7], and bypassing the highest position of the wedge-shaped opening [7] to infiltrate to other places, thereby affecting the waterproof effect. When in installation, the wedge-shaped opening (7) is reversely buckled on the inclined plane of the convex rib (22), so that water flow on the outer surface of the wallboard (1) can directly flow downwards along the outer surface of the spandrel girder (15), and at the moment, the tail end of the drainage strip (8) is required to be installed or extend into the outer side of the top of the wedge-shaped opening (7) and cannot be contacted with the inner wall of the wedge-shaped opening (7).

In this embodiment, in order to improve the waterproof effect, a non-wetting strip [24] with a hydrophobic surface is tightly installed between the rib [22] and the wedge-shaped opening [7] and inside the hydrophilic drainage strip [8], so as to prevent the water flow between the rib [22] and the wedge-shaped opening [7] from flowing upwards, and improve the waterproof effect.

In the embodiment, the lower end of the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] can be directly outwards and obliquely folded into a corner [23], so that the lower end of the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] can directly drain leakage water flow out of the wallboard [1], and the drainage effect of the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] is better.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 13, in order to improve the drainage effect of the hydrophilic drainage strip [8], the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] may be processed into a combination drainage piece [26] with at least one group of hydrophilic drainage strips [8] and non-wetting strips [25] with hydrophobic surfaces (the non-wetting strips comprise isolating strips processed by hydrophobic substances, hydrophilic substances without surface wetting phenomena and neutral surface substances) alternately arranged, and when the combination drainage piece is installed, the non-wetting strips [25] are installed on the outer side of the interface of the wallboard [1] first, and water flow into the interface of the wallboard [1] can be prevented by tightly contacting the non-wetting strips [25] with the non-wetting surfaces of the wallboard [1], so that the drainage task of the hydrophilic drainage strip [8] is reduced, and the waterproof effect is improved.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in order to improve the construction speed and the appearance, non-wetting surfaces with proper width and suitable hydrophobic surfaces are processed on two sides of the outer surface of the wallboard [1], a T-shaped plate [10] is inlaid at the joint of the two wallboards [1] (the inward surface of the transverse plate [11] of the T-shaped plate is suitable hydrophobic non-wetting surfaces), screw holes [14] are processed on the convex edges [9] of the T-shaped plate [10], a flat plate [12] shown in fig. 7 is installed on the inner side of the joint of the two wallboards [1], and screws penetrate through screw holes [13] on the flat plate [12] to extend into the screw holes [14] to fasten the T-shaped plate [10] and the flat plate [12] so as to fasten the two wallboards [1]; hydrophilic drainage strips (8) are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two sides of the transverse plate (11) of the T-shaped plate (10) and are tightly attached to the non-wetting surfaces of the two sides of the outer surface of the wallboard (1). In the embodiment, hydrophilic drainage strips (8) can be arranged on two sides of the flat plate (12) instead of the T-shaped plate (10), and the screw is directly used for fastening the inner flat plate and the outer flat plate through the screw opening (13), at the moment, the screw opening of the outer flat plate is preferably sealed by a high-quality sealing gasket, or the screw opening, the inner surface and the screw rod of the outer flat plate are processed into hydrophobic surfaces; or a metal gasket may be used instead of the inner flat plate.

In the embodiment, the T-shaped plate [10] can also be directly inlaid at the joint of the two wallboards [1], the hydrophilic drainage strips [8] in the two sides of the transverse plate [11] are tightly attached to the wallboards [1], and then the T-shaped plate [10] is fixed with the wallboards [1] by using bonding materials, so that the wall surface is firmer.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 10, in order to improve structural stability of the wallboard [1] and the upper and lower beams, a T-shaped upright column [19] with a convex rib [20] on the inner side can be added between the upper and lower bearing beams [15], the inward surface and the side surface of the T-shaped upright column [19] are preferably processed into a continuous hydrophobic surface, the inner side surfaces of the convex rib [22] and the convex rib [16] of the upper and lower beams, which are tightly abutted on the upper and lower ends of the wallboard [1], are tightly adhered and fixed with the two sides of the wallboard [1] and the T-shaped upright column [19] or each other, and the overall stability of the wall surface is improved by the T-shaped upright column [19 ].

In the embodiment, the T-shaped upright post (19) can be processed into middle small upright posts with other proper shapes or structures, thereby being convenient to install and better improving the overall stability of the wall surface.

In the embodiment, the wall surface can be processed into a prefabricated wall plate [1] with good whole width and good waterproof performance and high suitability, and the wall plate [1] is transversely arranged between two bearing columns, or between the bearing columns and the middle T-shaped upright columns [19], or between the two middle T-shaped upright columns [19 ]. At this time, the wallboard [1] can be processed into a mortise-tenon structure with a notch [4] on one side and a convex rib [3] on one side as shown in FIG 2, and the notch [4] is downward on one side and the convex rib [3] is upward on one side during installation, so that water flow is effectively prevented from infiltrating and flowing in the joint; the wallboard [1] can also be processed into a male-female tenon structure with a female tenon [21] on one side and a male tenon [5] on one side, wherein the female tenon [21] is arranged on one side, and the male tenon [5] is arranged downwards when the wallboard is installed, and the female tenon [21] is arranged upwards, so that water flow is effectively prevented from infiltrating and flowing in the connector; the surfaces of the notch [4], the convex edge [3], the female tenon [21] and the female tenon [ Yang Sun ] are preferably processed into non-infiltration surfaces which are preferably continuous hydrophobic surfaces, and non-infiltration strips [24] can be arranged in the interfaces at the upper and lower interfaces at the outer sides to prevent infiltration or rapid flow of water flow in the interfaces if necessary. Preferably, the ends of the wall panels [1] are processed with non-wetting surfaces, preferably continuous hydrophobic surfaces, and hydrophilic drainage strips [8] or combined drainage pieces [26] are preferably vertically installed between the ends of each wall panel [1] and the heavy columns or the middle T-shaped upright columns [19 ]. For the appearance of the outer wall, the two ends of the wallboard (1) can be processed with steps (6) with proper height, so that the outer surface of the wallboard (1) and the outer surface of the heavy column or the middle T-shaped upright column (19) are kept flat.

Example 6

In order to improve the structural stability of the wallboard [1] and the upper and lower beams and the upright columns or the wall, the two ends, two sides and at least one side of the corresponding sides of the spliced joint of the upper and lower beams and the upright columns or the wall of the wallboard [1] are provided with grooves [4], grooves [4] are also provided at the corresponding splicing positions of the corresponding sides of the upper and lower beams and the upright columns [27], the grooves at the two ends and the two sides of the wallboard [1] are aligned with the grooves [4] of the upper and lower beams and the upright columns during installation (particularly, the outer surfaces of the wallboard [1] and the upper and lower beams and the upright columns [27] are aligned), then the combined grooves [4] are fixed by a tenon fixing piece of a single tenon and double mortise structure after concrete and other cementing materials are poured, and a tenon structure of a proper size (simultaneously combined with cementing materials) is inserted into the grooves [4], and after the cementing materials in the grooves are condensed, the wallboard [1] and the upper and lower beams and the upright columns are firmly fixed together, and the surfaces of the upper and lower beams and the upright columns are prevented from affecting the surface smoothness or the attractive appearance. At this time, the corresponding side or end surfaces of the wallboard [1] and the joints of the upper beam, the lower beam and the upright post [27] are also preferably provided with continuous non-wetting surfaces so as to carry out drainage type waterproof construction. The fixing method is suitable for connection and fixation of all interfaces, and is particularly suitable for application between two ends of the wallboard [1] and an upper beam and a lower beam or (and) a stand column, and is particularly suitable for application between the wallboard [1] which is finally installed and the upper beam and the lower beam, the previous wallboard [1] and the stand column.

When the thickness of the wallboard [1] is larger and the width of the groove [4] is larger, the groove [4] can be arranged on the side surface of the wallboard [1] at the connection interface of the last wallboard, or the groove [4] is arranged on the side surface corresponding to the upper beam, the lower beam, the upright post or the wall connected with the wallboard [1], and the loosening of the connection part is prevented by the wider solidification surface. Also, the groove [4] can be replaced by a plurality of pits, or a combination of the groove [4] and the pits. The side surface without the groove (4) can be processed into an uneven surface; or the side surfaces of the two sides of the connecting interface of the last wallboard are not provided with grooves [4], and the side surfaces of the two sides are processed into uneven surfaces; or only one of the side surfaces at the two sides of the joint is provided with an uneven surface, and the other side is still a flat surface; the rugged interface is fixedly connected by the coagulation material, so that the same connection effect can be achieved. The uneven surface is suitable for the end surfaces of all the convex parts to be basically flat as a whole, namely the end surfaces of all the convex parts are on the same plane, or the surface is slightly fluctuated without affecting the installation of the wallboard; or a concave-convex surface with a concave which is flat for the main body of the convex part. When the external appearance of the interface is high, the interface edge is preferably arranged to be continuously flat and not shorter or lower than the surface of the protruding part.

Corresponding grooves are also processed on two sides of the T-shaped upright post (19) in the embodiment, so that the wallboard (1) is firmer.

In this embodiment, in combination with fig. 15, a suitable number of holes [28] can be formed in one side or side wall (preferably the inner side) of the groove [4] or the pit of the final mounting wallboard [1], or a suitable number of holes [28] can be formed in one side (preferably the inner side) of the groove [4] of the upper and lower beams and the upright posts [27], so that the cementing material can be injected into the holes after the wallboard [1] is mounted, and a suitable number of holes [28] can be formed in one side of the groove [4] of all wallboards [1 ]. The appropriate number of notches can be machined on one side (the inner side is suitable) of the grooves (4) of the wallboards (1), the upper and lower beams and the upright posts (27) instead of the holes (28), or the lengths of the one side (the inner side is suitable) of the grooves (4) of the wallboards (1), the upper and lower beams and the upright posts (27) are directly machined to be shorter than that of the other side, so that the condensing materials can be conveniently injected or filled.

In the embodiment, elastic surface hydrophobic gaskets (such as rubber sheets, plastic strips or sponge or foam strips wrapping hydrophobic films) can be arranged between the hydrophobic surfaces of the concave-convex interfaces of the wallboard [1] to serve as waterproof measures, so that the waterproof effect is improved; the surface hydrophobic elastic pad can be installed on other interfaces as well. The waterproof pressurizing strip which absorbs water and is easy to expand and part of the surface is a non-wetting surface can be arranged in the surface hydrophobic concave-convex interface or other proper surface hydrophobic interfaces to complete the surface hydrophobic waterproof task.

Referring to fig. 17, in this embodiment, the outer edge of the outer rib [22] of the fixing groove [4] above the spandrel girder [15] may also be processed into a non-wetting slope [29] with a high inner side and a low outer side (i.e., inclined outwards), so that water cannot infiltrate and flow upward along the non-wetting slope [29 ].

Referring to fig. 18, in this embodiment, the outer edge of the outer rib [22] of the fixing groove [4] above the spandrel girder [15] may be processed into a lower step [30], and the step [30] is preferably a non-wetting surface with a high inside and a low outside.

Referring to fig. 19, in this embodiment, the outer edge of the outer rib [16] of the fixing groove [4] below the spandrel girder [15] may also be processed into a non-wetting slope [34] with a high inner side and a low outer side (i.e., inclined inward), so that water cannot infiltrate and flow upward along the non-wetting slope [34].

Referring to fig. 19, in this embodiment, when filling the space between the wall plate [1] and the grooves [4] of the upper and lower beams with the condensation material, in order to prevent the condensation material from entering the space between the wall plate [1] and the grooves [4] between the upper and lower beams, a first sealing groove [31] may be formed on the ribs on the outer sides of the upper and lower grooves [4] of the spandrel beam [15], and then a sealing strip or a spacer is installed on the first sealing groove [31], so as to seal the space between the wall plate [1] and the outer sides of the grooves [4] between the upper and lower beams; the first sealing groove (31) can be processed on the convex edges on the outer sides of the upper groove (4) and the lower groove (4) of the wallboard (1); or on the upper and lower grooves (4) of the spandrel girder (15) and the outer ribs of the upper and lower grooves (4) of the wallboard (1); or sealing strips or isolating strips can be directly arranged or stuck between the wallboard (1) and the ribs on the outer sides of the grooves (4) of the upper and lower beams to prevent the condensation materials from entering the gaps between the ribs. In order to improve the waterproof effect, the lower part of the outer side of the spandrel girder (15) can be provided with an inclined plane (34) with lower outer side and higher inner side.

Referring to fig. 20, in this embodiment, when filling the space between the wall boards [1] with the condensation material, in order to prevent the condensation material from entering the gap outside the grooves [4] between the wall boards [1], a second sealing groove [33] is formed on the rib outside the groove [4] on at least one side of the wall board [1], a non-wetting surface groove [32] is formed on the rib outside the groove [4] of the wall board [1] at the outer side of the second sealing groove [33], and then a sealing strip or a spacer is mounted on the second sealing groove [33] to seal the gap outside the groove [4] between the wall boards [1 ]; or the sealing strips or isolating strips are directly arranged or stuck between the ribs on the outer sides of the grooves (4) of each wallboard (1), so that the second sealing groove (33) is omitted, and the condensation materials are prevented from entering gaps between the ribs; the drainage strips are arranged in the grooves (32), or the drainage strips are directly arranged or stuck between the ribs on the outer sides of the grooves (4) of the wall boards (1), so that the second sealing grooves (33) are omitted, and external water flow is prevented from entering gaps between the ribs.

In this embodiment, in order to increase the speed and smoothness of filling the condensation material between the double grooves [4], the purline [36] with holes [37] in the middle and a plurality of leakage holes [35] distributed around and communicated with the holes [37] can be processed, and when in installation, the purline [36] is plugged into the double grooves [4], and then the condensation material is gradually injected from the inner end of the holes [37] of the purline [36] to the outer end, so that the condensation material can enter the gap between the purline [36] and the double grooves [4] from the leakage holes [35] rapidly, the grouting speed is faster, the grouting effect is better, the grouting material can be saved, the grouting time can be saved, and the working efficiency and the production cost can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the purline [36] may also be formed as a partially incomplete purline (i.e., one edge of the purline is omitted or more portions are cut off, the hole [37] is formed as an open slot, or the purline [36] is formed as a plate with a plurality of holes) so that the purline is suitable for use in a small space.

In this embodiment, when the gap between the last wallboard [1] and the upright post or the upper and lower beams is larger, the sealing strip or the isolation strip on the outer (or inner) side rib of the double groove [4] is difficult to better seal the gap between the two ribs and prevent the condensation material from flowing outwards, or (and) the drainage strip is difficult to fully contact with the ribs on two sides to finish the drainage task, a thin plate with the width equal to the width of the rib on the outer side of the groove [4] and the thickness of which is suitable for at least two sides of the surface of the non-wetting surface is further arranged in the larger gap between the last wallboard [1] and the upright post or the upper and lower beams to serve as a sandal plate [38], and the sealing strip or the isolation strip and the drainage strip are preferably arranged on two sides of the sandal plate [38], so that the gap between the ribs on the outer side of the double groove [4] is smaller, and the sealing and drainage effects are improved. The thickness of the sandal plate [38] is preferably equal to or thinner than the spacing between the side walls on both sides of the interface. The sandal plate [38] can also be arranged on the inner convex edge of the double concave groove [4], but the surface of the inner sandal plate [38] can not be soaked.

Referring to fig. 23, in this embodiment, a sandal plate [38] with a proper thickness, at least the side surface of the part corresponding to the convex edge on the outer side of the groove [4] being a non-wetting surface, and a serial through hole [41] at the part corresponding to the groove [4] may be arranged between the convex edges on both sides of the groove [4], after the last wallboard [1] is installed, the sandal plate [38] is installed in a larger gap between the wallboard [1] and the upright post or the upper and lower beams, and then the condensation material is injected, so that the condensation materials on both sides of the sandal plate [38] can form a whole, and the fixing performance is improved. When the surface roughness of the sandal plate [38] reaches a certain requirement (namely, the surface with the roughness is uneven), the through holes [41] of the sandal plate [38] can be omitted, and the two sides of the sandal plate [38] are injected with the coagulating material. When the thickness of the sandal plate [38] is larger, a second sealing groove [33] and a groove [32] are processed at the corresponding position on the outer side of the sandal plate [38] and are used for installing sealing strips or isolating strips and drainage strips, and at least the surface of the groove [32] is a non-wetting surface.

Also, the sandal plate [38] of the previous embodiment can be used in all interfaces for aesthetic purposes, so that all the connection interfaces have a consistent appearance and a stronger overall feel.

In this embodiment, the sealing groove [33] can also be processed on the inner side rib of the double groove [4] and the sealing strip or the isolating strip can be installed, or the sealing strip or the isolating strip can be directly arranged on the inner side rib of the double groove [4] to prevent the condensation material from flowing out from the gap of the inner side rib of the double groove [4 ].

Example 7

With reference to fig. 24, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, on the overlapping sides of the connection interfaces of the mutually engaged areas of the tenon [3] and mortise [4] structures, mutually aligned locking grooves [42] are respectively provided, and the locking grooves [42] are filled with bonding or coagulating material and fixed after bonding, so as to prevent the engaged tenon [3] and mortise [4] structures from slipping under the action of external force. During installation, the tenon [3] and mortise [4] are aligned and inserted tightly, and then fastening materials are filled in the locking groove [42 ]. In the same way, the locking grooves (42) which are aligned with each other can be provided with fastening strips or purlines with proper sizes for clamping and locking, and the tenon (3) and mortise (4) are structurally slipped, and the fastening strips or purlines can be combined with bonding or coagulating materials for filling the locking grooves (42) for bonding and solidifying and fixing. The bonding or coagulating material can be filled from one end of the locking groove (42), and holes can be machined in the side wall of the mortise (4) structure, and the bonding or coagulating material can be filled from the holes in the side wall.

Further, referring to fig. 25, on the basis of the above embodiment, the inner wall and the outer wall of the wallboard [1] are separately processed, two groups of overlapped or attached ribs [43] with stable structures and mutual stagger and limited positions or movements are arranged on the mutually butted surfaces of the inner wall and the outer wall, mutually aligned locking grooves [42] are arranged between the mutually overlapped or attached ribs [43], and the mutually aligned locking grooves [42] are filled with bonding or coagulating materials for bonding and solidifying and then fixing, or the mutually aligned locking grooves [42] are internally provided with tenon [3] and mortise [4] structures which are suitable in size and clamped and snapped by fastening strips or purlins for slipping, or the mutually aligned locking grooves are filled with bonding or coagulating materials for bonding and solidifying and then fixing. Therefore, the space of the convex rib [43] can be filled with a proper filling material such as a heat insulating material before the two side wall plates are locked, and the space of the convex rib [43] can be filled with a proper filling material such as a heat insulating material after the two side wall plates are locked.

Furthermore, more than two groups of mutually overlapped or attached convex edges [43] can be arranged on the wallboard [1] so as to improve the structural stability of the wallboard [1 ].

Furthermore, when the stability of the rib (43) is not high, a limit rib or a limit clip (44) can be arranged on the wallboard (1), so that the rib (43) on the opposite side is limited between the rib (43) on the other side and the limit clip (44) can not move at will.

Furthermore, when the surface of the convex rib [43] on the side wall plate [1] is uneven, the locking groove [42] is not arranged, and the overlapping part of the convex rib [43] on one side and the convex rib [42] on the other side can be processed into an uneven surface.

Furthermore, adjacent edges of the ribs [43] can be arranged on the wallboard [1] (namely, the side edges of the wallboard [1] at two ends of the ribs [43 ]) are provided with ribs [43] which are mutually overlapped or attached to improve the structural stability of the wallboard [1], the rib [43] combination of the adjacent edges can be arranged on one side only, and the rib [43] combination of the adjacent edges can only need clamping and anti-sliding without arranging a locking groove [42].

Furthermore, a through pin hole can be processed between two overlapped or attached ribs (43), and the pin hole is locked by a pin rod or a fastener to prevent the ribs (43) from slipping off, so that the connection between the inner wall and the outer wall of the wallboard (1) is stable.

Further, referring to fig. 26, the protruding corners 46 may be disposed at the ends of the protruding edges 43 limited by staggering, so as to prevent the inner and outer walls of the wall board [1] from slipping directly, the fastening material filling area 45 is formed between the inner and outer protruding corners 46 and the protruding edges 43, when the wall board [1] is mounted, one surface of the wall board [1] is inserted from one end of the other surface and aligned, the protruding corners are limited by staggering, the ends (i.e., the foremost end or the outmost end) of the protruding corners 46 are in contact with or abut against the wall of the wall board [1] facing each other, i.e., the inner and outer walls of the wall board are tightly pressed or abutted against each other as much as possible, so that the thickness of the wall board is reduced to the minimum, and finally, the fastening material is filled in the filling area 45.

Further, in connection with fig. 27, grooves 42 are provided between the male tenons 5 and the female tenons 21 of the lap joint interfaces on both sides of the wallboard which are stable (i.e. the inward and outward movements of both sides of the wallboard are basically fixed or limited), and after the connection interfaces are aligned, fastening materials are filled in the grooves 42. To improve the connection stability, the side walls of the groove 42 may be provided with a rugged surface, such as machining pits or grooves provided laterally (along the side walls), for better snap-in performance. To facilitate filling with the setting material, holes may be provided in the wall panels at the bottom of one of the grooves in the male tongue 5 and female cone 21.

Furthermore, male tenons (46) can be arranged at the tail ends of the male tenons (5) and the female tenons (21) of the lap joint interfaces at the two sides of the wallboard in opposite directions, a filling area (45) is formed between the male tenons (46) and the tenons, after the staggered lap joint of the male tenons (46) of the wallboard interface tenon structure is limited, the inner wall and the outer wall of the wallboard are fixed, and then a fastening material is filled in the filling area.

In the embodiment, the wallboard [1], the upper and lower spandrel girder and the grooves [4] on the upright post can be processed into more than two grooves side by side, or the inner surface of the groove [4] is processed into an uneven surface, so that the fixing effect of the coagulated material is better after solidification.

In this embodiment, the wall board can be processed into a wall board with more than two layers of hollow structures, so that the structural force of the wall board can be improved, and the heat insulation performance of the wall board can be improved.

In this embodiment, a curved reinforcing bar or spring may be disposed or placed in the interface with grooves on both sides, so that the curved reinforcing bar or spring spirals sufficiently in the space between the grooves, and after being combined with the coagulated material, the structural properties of the coagulated material and the interface are improved.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned connection and fixing methods can be used not only for connection and installation of wall panels of an exterior wall of a building, but also for connection and installation of all indoor wall panels, so as to improve working efficiency and fixing performance of the wall surface.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned connection and fixing methods can be used not only for connection and installation of wall boards of building exterior walls, but also for connection and installation of all indoor wall boards, so as to improve working efficiency and fixing performance of wall surfaces, and also for board combination, splicing or fixing in other industries.

In this embodiment, the surface outside of all the seamless interface fill areas is provided with a non-wetting area or drainage means, or is directly sealed with a sealing connection material, preventing the interface water flow into the interface.

In this embodiment, the second sealing groove (33) may be machined on the inner rib of the double groove (4) and a sealing strip or a spacer may be installed, or the sealing strip or the spacer may be directly installed on the inner rib of the double groove (4), so as to prevent the condensation material from flowing out from the gap of the inner rib of the double groove (4).

In this embodiment, other suitable waterproofing techniques may also be used to accomplish the waterproofing task.

In this embodiment, all of the wall panels, particularly exterior wall panels, may be provided with a thermal insulation layer or the wall panels may be directly fabricated from a material having thermal insulation properties to provide the wall panels with thermal insulation properties. In the same way, the wallboard, especially the external wall wallboard, can be installed on the building after being decorated and beautified, so that the decoration and fitment engineering of the building is finished in a factory, the production cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

In the embodiment, the heat insulation layer can be arranged on the surfaces of the protruding turns, the grooves and the convex edges of the staggered limited structure, so that the heat transfer of the indoor wall and the outdoor wall is further blocked, and the performance of the heat insulation layer is improved.

Furthermore, the hydrophilic drainage pieces, the non-wetting strips, the sealing strips and the like of the embodiment can be processed independently or can be arranged or processed together with corresponding wallboards, accessories, fasteners and the like to be used as combined accessories; and adjacent structures or components can be processed together to form a combined fitting, so that the construction and the installation are convenient.

Furthermore, the connection mode of the embodiment can be also used for connecting and splicing various spandrel girders, beams and stand columns or other structures of buildings, or connecting or splicing other suitable structures in industries and environments, and when the interface is made of metal materials, the interface filling material can also be made of sintered materials.

In this embodiment, the waterproofing membrane is preferably a non-wettable surface membrane material.

The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments is that of only a few, but not all, embodiments of the present application and all other embodiments that would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden are within the scope of the present application. The generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The assembled wall or wall board and waterproof technology features that the assembled wall or wall board with waterproof function and proper size is connected to the beam and column structure, or the inner and outer layered wall boards are connected via rib beam or rib, or the wall or wall board is connected to the beam or column structure, or the final connecting interface of the inner and outer layered wall boards is connected via seamless connecting structure or interface, and the seamless connecting structure or interface is filled with solidification or connecting material for fixing or locking and fixing device;

waterproof areas on two sides of the wall surface or the wallboard interface (at least the outer side of the vertical side interface and the junction of the transverse interface and the vertical side) are set to be non-wetting surface functional areas with certain widths and two opposite directions;

a drainage part is vertically or nearly vertically arranged between vertical interfaces of the two opposite non-infiltration surface functional areas and used for guiding leakage water flow penetrating into the interfaces to flow downwards or outwards or be discharged;

at least one of a waterproof structure, a drainage structure or a drainage device is arranged outside the transverse or vertical interfaces or the interfaces of the two opposite non-wetting surface functional areas and is used for leading out or draining water flow penetrating into the interfaces or preventing water flow from penetrating into the interfaces;

The drainage part is contacted with the non-wetting surface functional areas of the two opposite sides of the interface or is arranged on the non-wetting surface functional areas of the two opposite sides of the interface, and comprises at least one of a hydrophilic drainage surface or a drainage piece vertically or nearly vertically arranged in the non-wetting surface area of the wall surface;

the waterproof structure or the drainage structure at least comprises one of a waterproof interface, an inclined drainage part, a rib and waterproof interface combination, a wallboard concave wedge-shaped opening and rib combination, a transverse interface drainage piece, an interface non-wetting spacer substance, a non-wetting water stop surface, a guide structure and a gravity drainage structure:

the waterproof interface is at least waterproof treated on the surface of the wall surface or the lower end of the wallboard and the inner surface of the drainage part at the interface of the beam structure and the interface, so that leakage water flowing to the lower end of the drainage part can not flow to the inner side of the interface and can be directly discharged to the outer side of the wallboard interface, namely flows to the outer side of the interface,

the upper end of the inclined drainage part is arranged at a certain distance inside the outer side of the joint or the upper end of the drainage part is arranged at a certain distance inside the joint from the outer side or the outer surface of the joint of the plates, the lower end of the inclined drainage part is that the water outlet is communicated with the outer surface of the plates or the outer side of the joint of the plates or the highest position of the next waterproof structure or measure is or is below,

The rib and waterproof joint combination is that a beam structure at the lower end of the wallboard is provided with a rib with a slope from inside to outside, the waterproof treatment height at the joint of the wallboard is higher than the height of the rib,

the combination of the inward concave wedge-shaped opening and the convex rib is that the inward concave wedge-shaped opening arranged at the lower end of the wallboard is reversely buckled on the convex rib inclined plane with the outward gradient,

the transverse interface drainage piece at least comprises one of arranging a drainage piece crossing the transverse interface above the transverse interface to enable water flow above the transverse interface to directly flow downwards along the drainage piece to bypass the transverse interface, arranging the drainage piece at the interface between the lower end of the wallboard and the cross beam or the convex edge to enable water flow on the wallboard to naturally flow downwards, arranging a hydrophilic drainage piece between non-wetting surfaces in the transverse interface to drain water flow permeated into the interface outwards or to two ends of the transverse interface,

the interface non-wetting spacer material is provided with a non-wetting material or a non-wetting strip to separate the drainage part or the waterproof drainage structure outside the interface from the hydrophilic bonding or solidification material inside the interface gap,

the non-wetting water stop surface is a non-wetting surface which is used for preventing water from flowing into the interface to infiltrate at least the highest position or the corners of two adjacent surfaces of the convex edge, the concave wedge-shaped opening, the male tenon, the female tenon, the mortise and tenon structures,

The tail end, namely the lower end of the drainage piece is arranged on or stretches into the outer side of the top of the wedge-shaped opening,

the gravity drainage structure is a drainage structure or a channel which is arranged under the action of self gravity and is used for automatically downwards flowing water flow and draining the interface.

Or a sealing gasket or a strip is arranged at the joint of the assembled wall surface or the wallboard to seal the joint gap, so that the joint solidification material is prevented from flowing out of the joint gap.

2. The assembled wall or wall panel and waterproof technology according to claim 1, wherein two sides of the wall panel interface are respectively provided with a perforated flat plate or a perforated T-shaped plate, and the T-shaped plate and the flat plate are fixedly connected so as to fasten the two wall panels or the wall panel and the upright post interface; the drainage pieces are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two sides of the transverse plate of the T-shaped plate and are tightly attached to the non-wetting surfaces of the vertical side surfaces of the wallboard; or two sides of the joint of the assembled wall or wallboard and the waterproof technology are respectively provided with a perforated flat plate, and the two flat plates are fixedly connected so as to fasten the joints of the two waterproof wallboards or wallboards and the upright post; drainage pieces are arranged on two sides of the flat plate and used for guiding leakage water to be discharged downwards.

3. The fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproofing technique according to claim 1, wherein the fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproofing technique installs a waterproof gasket or water swelling waterproof pressurizing strip between the interfaces of the surface non-wetting structure.

4. A fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproofing technique according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that,

the drainage part is a hydrophilic drainage surface in the vertical hydrophobic side surface of the outer wall or a hydrophilic drainage piece or a combined drainage piece arranged on the non-wetting surface of the vertical side surface of the outer wall; the drainage piece, the waterproof gasket or the waterproof pressurizing strip is a hydrophilic drainage piece or a combined drainage piece; the combined drainage piece is formed by alternately arranging and combining hydrophilic drainage pieces and non-infiltration strips.

5. The fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproofing technique according to claim 1, characterized in that,

non-wetting strips are arranged between the opposite hydrophobic surfaces at the two sides of the interface;

or a non-wetting strip is tightly arranged between the convex rib and the wedge-shaped opening and at the inner side of the hydrophilic drainage piece to prevent water flow between the convex rib and the wedge-shaped opening from flowing upwards.

6. The fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproof technology according to claim 1, wherein one or more sealing grooves are longitudinally arranged on one or both sides of the joint formed by the beam body or column or wall panel joint or the convex edges of the grooves arranged in the joint, and sealing strips or isolating strips are arranged on the sealing grooves; or processing the non-wetting surface of the sealing groove, and installing a sealing strip or a spacer on the non-wetting sealing groove; or sealing strips or isolating strips are arranged or stuck between the joints formed by the beam body or the upright post or the wallboard joints or the ribs of the grooves arranged in the joints; or sealing strips or isolating strips are arranged or stuck between non-wetting surface interfaces formed by the beam body or the upright post or the wallboard interfaces or the convex edges of the grooves arranged in the interfaces.

7. The fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproofing technique according to claim 1, wherein: a seamless connection structure or an interface is arranged in the wall surface or the wallboard, the upright post and the beam structure, the seamless connection structure or the interface is at least one of an uneven surface, a convex corner filling area and a pin hole which are arranged on one side surface of two overlapped or attached interface sides, the uneven surface comprises at least one of a groove, a pit and an uneven surface which are arranged on the overlapped side surface, the pin hole comprises a through pin hole which is arranged between two overlapped or attached ribs or rib beams, the convex corner filling area comprises convex corners which are oppositely arranged on the staggered limited ribs or rib beams and used for preventing the inner wall and the outer wall of the wallboard from slipping and forming a filling area, or convex corners which are oppositely arranged on the convex tenons and the concave tenons of the overlapped interface of the two wallboards and used for preventing the tenon structure from slipping and forming a filling area;

the seamless connection structure or interface is arranged in one side surface of one interface which is finally connected or installed in the fixed space, or is arranged between a male tenon and a female tenon of a wallboard lap joint interface which is basically fixed inwards and outwards or limited in movement, or is arranged between overlapped or attached ribs or rib beams or grooves which are staggered with each other on the butt joint surfaces of wallboards with layered inner and outer walls but limited in position or movement.

8. The fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproofing technique according to claim 7, wherein holes are provided in the side walls of the grooves or recesses of the seamless connection structure or interface; or one side of the side wall of the groove or the pit is arranged to be shorter than the other side; or a notch is arranged on the side wall of the groove or the pit, so that the coagulation or solidification or sintering or bonding type connecting or fixing material can be conveniently injected into the seamless connecting structure or the interface.

9. The fabricated wall or wall panel and waterproofing technique according to claim 1, characterized in that,

the inclined drainage part comprises at least one of inclined arrangement which is formed by arranging drainage parts of two opposite non-wetting surface functional intervals in a vertical interface into a vertical direction which is higher at the inner side of the vertical interface and lower at the outer side of the interface, wherein the vertical direction is uninterrupted or less interrupted, but the upper and lower disconnected parts are horizontally spaced or interrupted, namely the upper and lower disconnected parts are highly continuous or the interrupted distance is limited, and the space generated inwards in the horizontal direction at the lower upper end relative to the upper end can ensure that water flow flowing downwards can be adsorbed and drained by the drainage part, or arrangement combination which is formed by arranging more than one of vertical arrangement which is continuous in the vertical direction, namely the vertical direction is uninterrupted or less interrupted, but the upper end is horizontally spaced or interrupted, namely the lower upper end relative to the upper end is inwards arranged at the upper end in the horizontal direction, and the lower end forms an angle or inclined at the outer side of the interface.

The gravity drainage structure at least comprises one of a convex rib or a slope or a step which is arranged at a transverse joint and is high in the inner side and low in the outer side, a degradation step which is arranged at the outer side of the wallboard and is not high in the lower convex rib or step or protrudes out of the upper convex rib or step, a groove which is lower in the outer side wall than the inner side wall is arranged at the lower transverse joint, an upper male tenon and a lower female tenon or an upper mortise and tenon combination, and a drainage hole which is communicated with the outer side wall, so that water flow can automatically flow outwards and downwards under the action of gravity;

the combination of the upper male tenon and the lower female tenon or the upper mortise and the lower tenon is that a wallboard with a mortise structure arranged at the lower side is arranged on a wallboard with a tenon structure arranged at the upper side, or a male tenon is arranged at the lower side of a wallboard above the connector, namely the outer side is downwards provided with a convex rib, and a female tenon is arranged at the upper side of a wallboard below the connector, namely the inner side is upwards provided with a convex rib to form an overlapped connector of an outer upper male tenon, an inner female tenon and a lower female tenon,

the drainage hole communicated with the outer side wall is formed in the corner of the inner side lower edge of the outer side bead of the lower transverse joint, namely, the intersection of the inner side of the outer side bead and the inner plane of the outer side bead or the plane inside the outer side bead, the drainage hole is communicated with the spandrel girder or the outer side wall of the outer side bead, or the drainage hole is not higher than the drainage channel of holes or grooves in the lower plane of the lower transverse joint and communicated with the outer wall surface and the lower plane of the lower transverse joint, or the sandal plate between the outer side interfaces of the transverse seamless joint is provided with a drainage hole which is vertically communicated, or a drainage piece is arranged in the drainage hole which is vertically communicated with the sandal plate between the outer side interfaces of the transverse seamless joint, so that leakage water flow inside the outer side bead of the transverse joint can be automatically discharged through the drainage hole communicated with the outer side wall.

10. The fabricated wall surface or wall panel and waterproof technique according to any one of claims 1, 3, 6, 7, wherein a thin plate with a thickness not greater than the gap size is set as a sandal plate in the interface with a larger gap, or a thin plate with a thickness not greater than the gap size and a serial through hole is set as a sandal plate in the interface with a larger gap corresponding to the seamless connection structure or interface, so as to reduce the gap of the interface; at least the surface of the sandalwood plate opposite to the non-infiltration surface of the outer side interface is a non-infiltration surface, so that the sealing and drainage effects are improved.

The grooves and the sealing grooves convenient for installing the drainage pieces are consistent with the trend of the drainage pieces, the sealing strips or the isolating strips.

The vertical interfaces comprise vertical interfaces between two wallboard sides or between a wallboard and a column side, or vertical interfaces between a perforated flat plate or a perforated T-shaped plate and the inner and outer surfaces of the wallboard or the column, or vertical interfaces formed between the wallboard or the column vertical interfaces or between convex edges or rib beams or tenon structures between the sides.