CN116621570B - 一种低膨胀抗形变石英坩埚及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低膨胀抗形变石英坩埚及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- -1 and meanwhile Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
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- TYAVIWGEVOBWDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TYAVIWGEVOBWDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及石英陶瓷技术领域,具体为一种低膨胀抗形变石英坩埚及其制备方法;本发明对坩埚两个组成部分进行改进。一是坩埚内部的涂层,本发明采用含氮化硅的涂料喷涂在未烧结的坩埚表面,两者同时烧结的方式,使两者的结合强度更好。同时在其中还加入了硼酸以及纳米二氧化硅,烧结之后,涂层内部出现致密化,结合强度也增加。二是坩埚外层,外层中加入了磷酸锆。磷酸锆是一种陶瓷材料,具有低膨胀、低导热、高强度等优点,对于坩埚的性能有着较大的提升。而磷酸锆的制备在现有的技术中,固相法因其成本低、工艺简单更加适用于大量生产,因此本发明采用固相法制作磷酸锆。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及石英陶瓷技术领域,具体为一种低膨胀抗形变石英坩埚及其制备方法。
背景技术
在目前国内的硅片生产中,直拉法是使用较广的单晶硅制备技术。在制作过程中,作为盛装熔融硅并制作晶棒的载体,石英坩埚是非常重要的一个部件。石英坩埚由于其使用环境的严苛,在使用过程中经常会出现问题。一是坩埚在高温烧结的过程中会析出方石英晶体,使得坩埚发生体积变化,会影响坩埚整体的力学性能。二是在使用过程中,温度过高时,石英坩埚容易被熔融的材料侵蚀,导致坩埚内层被破坏,外层的物质进入内部,破坏坩埚整体的结构,最终使坩埚发生形变报废,造成资源的浪费。
因此本发明为了解决石英坩埚膨胀、形变、内层容易脱落的问题,发明了一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将氧化硅、氧化硼、氧化铝、磷酸锆混合,600-800rpm球磨0.5-2h,加入乙醇,使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,搅拌,加入混合粉体质量的0.1%-5%的偶联剂,40-80℃下,搅拌0.5-3h,静置,70-90℃干燥1-3h,将得到的粉体与去离子水混合均匀,加入分散剂,搅拌均匀,600-800rpm球磨0.5-4h,得到浆料;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至石膏模具中,20-30℃下放置22-25h,升温至70-110℃,干燥11-20h,得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,40-60℃干燥22-26h,以1-5℃/min升温至550-700℃,保温10-40min,再以1-5℃/min升温至1100-1400℃,保温1-4h,自然冷却至20-30℃,得到石英坩埚。
进一步的,按重量份数计,所述氧化硅40-60份、氧化硼5-15份、氧化铝10-20、磷酸锆40-60份、去离子水37-52份。
进一步的,所述致密涂层液制作工艺为:在水中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,搅拌至完全溶解,制成5wt%-10wt%的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液,向聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中加入纳米二氧化硅,使纳米二氧化硅均匀分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液,形成透明溶液,加入硼酸,搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入氮化硅、正辛醇,球磨0.5-2h制成致密涂层液。
进一步的,按重量份数计,所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮6-10份、纳米二氧化硅1-3份、硼酸1-3份、氮化硅30-50份、0.01-0.1份正辛醇。
进一步的,所述偶联剂为钛酸酯偶联剂。
进一步的,所述分散剂为聚乙烯醇、磺酸钠、乳酸中的任意一种或几种。
进一步的,所述磷酸锆制作步骤为:
S1:将氧化锆、磷酸二氢铵、氧化铈、氧化镁混合均匀,再加入无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以200-500rpm球磨2-5h;
S2:20-30℃放置22-26h,升温至100-130℃干燥24h,得到粉体原料;
S3:将粉体原料以4-6℃/min,加热至800-1000℃,保温2-5h,随后冷却至20-30℃,得到磷酸锆;
进一步的,步骤一中,所述氧化锆、磷酸二氢铵、氧化铈、氧化镁质量比为(15-25):(65-70):(7-15):(1-4)。
进一步的,步骤一中,所述氧化锆、无水乙醇质量比为(2-5):(1-4)。
与现有技术相比,本发明所达到的有益效果是:
1.本发明在内层涂层选用氮化硅,硼酸以及纳米二氧化硅。首先氮化硅以其强共价键结构,具有耐高温,高强度,高硬度等性能,增强坩埚的抗形变能力,所以选用氮化硅作为主料。但是氮化硅晶粒较大,在烧结之后,颗粒间的空隙较大,所以添加纳米二氧化硅来填补这些空隙,能更好的起到隔绝杂质的效果,同时还能加强涂层与石英坩埚基体的连接。为了再次加强涂层与基体的结合,加入了硼酸。硼酸在受热时分解为氧化硼,在加热时与界面处的二氧化硅生成硼硅酸盐,形成化合物界面。还在一定程度上缓解了体积变化带来的压力。
2.本发明为了制作一种低膨胀的坩埚,在外层材料中加入了氧化硼,但是氧化硼含量逐渐变高时,坩埚自身的硬度会降低,因此又加入了自制的磷酸锆,磷酸锆具有面心立方结构具有低膨胀、热稳定性好、高强度等特点,同时在自制磷酸锆过程中,添加了氧化铈和氧化镁。氧化铈以Ce4+存在,与磷酸锆形成有限置换型固体,同时在固相中存在的磷酸铈,可以抑制磷酸锆晶体颗粒的成长,有效的促进烧结,提高力学性能。而氧化镁的添加,起到帮助烧结,达到致密化的作用。偶联剂的改性使得磷酸锆具有更好的分散性。
3.本发明为了增强涂层与基体的结合,采用浆料涂在未烧结的基体上,一起进行烧结的方式。氮化硅浆料对于未烧结的坩埚基体渗透效果较好,与磷酸锆的结合度也更高,一起烧结后结合强度也增强。采用喷涂后脱模的方式,避免了涂覆涂液过程中造成基体破裂等问题。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明所用的纳米二氧化硅购自北京德科岛金科技有限公司,型号为DK-Si2-T30;氮化硅购自高邑县富当特种耐火材料有限公司,纯度≥99.9%,平均粒径为1-2μm左右;氧化硼购自西安市优立科技有限公司,优等级,纯度≥98.8%,平均粒径60-65μm左右;氧化铝购自上海缘江化工有限公司,平均粒径为70-75μm左右;钛酸酯偶联剂购自天长市宏盛精细化工厂,型号为TC-311。本实施例中,1份为2g。
实施例1.
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入2份硼酸,持续搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入40份氮化硅,0.1份正辛醇,球磨1h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液。
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、磷酸锆50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,60℃下,搅拌1h,静置,取静置粉体80℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨1h,得到浆料;
其中磷酸锆的制作方法为:
按重量份数计,将氧化锆18份、磷酸二氢铵68份、氧化铈12份、氧化镁2份混合均匀,再加入12份无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以300rpm球磨3h;25℃放置24h,升温至110℃干燥24h,得到烘干的粉体原料;将烘干的粉体原料以5℃/min升温至900℃,保温3h,随后冷却至25℃,得到磷酸锆;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,25℃下放置24h,升温至110℃,干燥19h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,50℃干燥24h,以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温30min,再以2℃/min升温至1200℃,保温3h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
实施例2.
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入2份硼酸,持续搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入40份氮化硅,0.1份正辛醇,球磨0.5h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液。
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、磷酸锆50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,65℃下,搅拌2h,静置,取静置粉体80℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨2h,得到浆料;
其中磷酸锆的制作方法为:
按重量份数计,将氧化锆18份、磷酸二氢铵68份、氧化铈12份、氧化镁2份混合均匀,再加入12份无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以300rpm球磨2h;25℃放置22h,升温至110℃干燥22h,得到烘干的粉体原料;将烘干的粉体原料以5℃/min升温至800℃,保温2h,随后冷却至20℃,得到磷酸锆。
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,25℃下放置22h,升温至70℃,干燥11h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,40℃干燥22h,以2℃/min升温至550℃,保温20min,再以2℃/min升温至1100℃,保温2h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
实施例3.
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入2份硼酸,持续搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加2份入氮化硅,0.1份正辛醇,球磨2h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液。
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、磷酸锆50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,50℃下,搅拌2.5h,静置,取静置粉体90℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨1h,得到浆料;
其中磷酸锆的制作方法为:
按重量份数计,将氧化锆18份、磷酸二氢铵68份、氧化铈12份、氧化镁2份混合均匀,再加入12份无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以300rpm球磨4h;25℃放置25h,升温至120℃干燥24h,得到烘干的粉体原料;将烘干的粉体原料以5℃/min升温至850℃,保温4h,随后冷却至25℃,得到磷酸锆;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,25℃下放置24h,升温至110℃,干燥19h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,50℃干燥24h,以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温30min,再以2℃/min升温至1200℃,保温3h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
实施例4.
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入2份硼酸,持续搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入40份氮化硅,0.1份正辛醇,球磨1.5h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液。
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、磷酸锆50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,55℃下,搅拌1h,静置,取静置粉体85℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨1h,得到浆料;
其中磷酸锆的制作方法为:
按重量份数计,将氧化锆18份、磷酸二氢铵68份、氧化铈12份、氧化镁2份混合均匀,再加入12份无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以300rpm球磨5h;25℃放置24h,升温至125℃干燥24h,得到烘干的粉体原料;将烘干的粉体原料以5℃/min升温至1000℃,保温5h,随后冷却至25℃,得到磷酸锆;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,25℃下放置26h,升温至90℃,干燥20h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,60℃干燥26h,以2℃/min升温至600℃,保温30min,再以2℃/min升温至1400℃,保温4h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
实施例5.
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入2份硼酸,持续搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入0.1份正辛醇,球磨2h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液;
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、磷酸锆50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,55℃下,搅拌1h,静置,取静置粉体75℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨1h,得到浆料;
其中磷酸锆的制作方法为:
按重量份数计,将氧化锆18份、磷酸二氢铵68份、氧化铈12份、氧化镁2份混合均匀,再加入12份无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以450rpm球磨4.5h;25℃放置23h,升温至105℃干燥26h,得到烘干的粉体原料;将烘干的粉体原料以5℃/min升温至950℃,保温5h,随后冷却至25℃,得到磷酸锆;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,30℃下放置24h,升温至110℃,干燥20h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,55℃干燥24h,以2℃/min升温至650℃,保温30min,再以2℃/min升温至1400℃,保温3.5h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
对比例1.
以实施例1做对比,不加硼酸。
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入40份氮化硅,0.1份正辛醇,球磨1h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液。
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、磷酸锆50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,60℃下,搅拌1h,静置,取静置粉体80℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨1h,得到浆料;
其中磷酸锆的制作方法为:
按重量份数计,将氧化锆18份、磷酸二氢铵68份、氧化铈12份、氧化镁2份混合均匀,再加入12份无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以300rpm球磨3h;25℃放置24h,升温至110℃干燥24h,得到烘干的粉体原料;将烘干的粉体原料以5℃/min升温至900℃,保温3h,随后冷却至25℃,得到磷酸锆;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,25℃下放置24h,升温至110℃,干燥19h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,50℃干燥24h,以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温30min,再以2℃/min升温至1200℃,保温3h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
对比例2.
与实施例1做对比,涂液制作中不加氮化硅。
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入2份硼酸,持续搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入0.1份正辛醇,球磨1h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液。
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、磷酸锆50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,60℃下,搅拌1h,静置,取静置粉体80℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨1h,得到浆料;
其中磷酸锆的制作方法为:
按重量份数计,将氧化锆18份、磷酸二氢铵68份、氧化铈12份、氧化镁2份混合均匀,再加入12份无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以300rpm球磨3h;25℃放置24h,升温至110℃干燥24h,得到烘干的粉体原料;将烘干的粉体原料以5℃/min升温至900℃,保温3h,随后冷却至25℃,得到磷酸锆;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,25℃下放置24h,升温至110℃,干燥19h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,50℃干燥24h,以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温30min,再以2℃/min升温至1200℃,保温3h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
对比例3.
与实施例1做对比,不加磷酸锆。
致密涂层液制作工艺:
按重量份数计,称取7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入去离子水中,配成7wt%的水溶液,向水溶液中加入2份纳米二氧化硅,超声处理5min,保证纳米二氧化硅均匀的分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中,直至变成透明溶液,加入2份硼酸,持续搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入0.1份正辛醇,球磨1h,形成均匀浆料得到致密涂层液。
石英坩埚的制作:
步骤一:按重量份数计,将纳米二氧化硅50份、氧化硼10份、氧化铝15份,混合,600rpm球磨1h,加入140份乙醇中,超声使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,同时搅拌,加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂,60℃下,搅拌1h,静置,取静置粉体80℃干燥2h,将得到的粉体加入水中,混合均匀后加入球磨罐中,750rpm球磨3h,加入0.43份乳酸,将球磨罐置于行星搅拌机中,600rpm球磨1h,得到浆料;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至模具中,25℃下放置24h,升温至110℃,干燥19h,制作得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,喷涂厚度为30μm,50℃干燥24h,以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温30min,再以2℃/min升温至1200℃,保温3h,自然冷却至25℃,得到石英坩埚。
检测试验:
将上述实施例1-5,对比例1-3的致密涂层液按照GB/T 38898-2020测试涂层的结合强度;采用QB/T 1321-1991测试坩埚50-1200℃的膨胀系数;按照GB/T 39826-2021测试坩埚界面弯曲强度。
测试结果见下表:
结合强度(MPa) | 平均膨胀系数(10-7/℃) | 弯曲强度(MPa) | |
实施例1 | 0.75 | 10.982 | 11.66 |
实施例2 | 0.73 | 11.003 | 11.64 |
实施例3 | 0.74 | 10.876 | 11.59 |
实施例4 | 0.72 | 11.132 | 11.54 |
实施例5 | 0.74 | 9.689 | 11.61 |
对比例1 | 0.41 | 12.772 | 11.43 |
对比例2 | 0.32 | 21.878 | 11.32 |
对比例3 | 0.75 | 43.921 | 9.68 |
根据表中数据,均以实施例1为对比,对比例1不添加硼酸,从数据明显看出涂层与基体的结合强度降低;对比例2不添加氮化硅,数据显示涂层与基体结合强度下降;对比例3不加磷酸锆,膨胀系数上升,力学性能下降。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将氧化硅、氧化硼、氧化铝、磷酸锆混合,600-800rpm球磨0.5-2h,加入乙醇,使混合粉体均匀分散在乙醇中,搅拌,加入混合粉体质量的0.1%-5%的偶联剂,40-80℃下,搅拌0.5-3h,静置,70-90℃干燥1-3h,将得到的粉体与去离子水混合均匀,加入分散剂,搅拌均匀,600-800rpm球磨0.5-4h,得到浆料;
其中,所述磷酸锆制作步骤为:
S1:将氧化锆、磷酸二氢铵、氧化铈、氧化镁混合均匀,再加入无水乙醇搅拌均匀,以200-500rpm球磨2-5h;
S2:20-30℃放置22-26h,升温至100-130℃干燥22-26h,得到粉体原料;
S3:将粉体原料以4-6℃/min,加热至800-1000℃,保温2-5h,随后冷却至20-30℃,研磨得到磷酸锆;
步骤二:将得到的浆料浇注至石膏模具中,20-30℃下放置22-25h,升温至70-110℃,干燥11-20h,得到坩埚基体;
步骤三:脱模后将致密涂层液喷涂在坩埚基体内表面,40-60℃干燥22-26h,以1-5℃/min升温至550-700℃,保温10-40min,再以1-5℃/min升温至1100-1400℃,保温1-4h,自然冷却至20-30℃,得到石英坩埚;
其中,所述致密涂层液制作工艺为:在水中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,搅拌至完全溶解,制成5wt%-10wt%的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液,向聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液中加入纳米二氧化硅,使纳米二氧化硅均匀分散在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液,形成透明溶液,加入硼酸,搅拌直至溶解,形成均匀溶液,加入氮化硅、正辛醇,球磨0.5-2h制成致密涂层液。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,其特征在于:按重量份数计,氧化硅40-60份、氧化硼5-15份、氧化铝10-20、磷酸锆40-60份、去离子水37-52份。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,其特征在于:按重量份数计,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮6-10份、纳米二氧化硅1-3份、硼酸1-3份、氮化硅30-50份、0.01-0.1份正辛醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,其特征在于:步骤一中,所述偶联剂为钛酸酯偶联剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,其特征在于:步骤一中,所述分散剂为聚乙烯醇、磺酸钠、乳酸中的任意一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,其特征在于:S1中,所述氧化锆、磷酸二氢铵、氧化铈、氧化镁质量比为(15-25):(65-70):(7-15):(1-4)。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种低膨胀抗形变的石英坩埚的制作方法,其特征在于:S1中,所述氧化锆、无水乙醇质量比为(2-5):(1-4)。
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