CN116586422A - Method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms - Google Patents
Method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN116586422A CN116586422A CN202310554440.0A CN202310554440A CN116586422A CN 116586422 A CN116586422 A CN 116586422A CN 202310554440 A CN202310554440 A CN 202310554440A CN 116586422 A CN116586422 A CN 116586422A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 241000751139 Beauveria bassiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000201320 Ligustrum japonicum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209758 Aegilops Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001243666 Photinia serratifolia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001295689 Pyracantha Species 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000230129 Eisenia <Phaeophyceae> Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000208197 Buxus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001092500 Photinia x fraseri Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238421 Arthropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000128206 Pyracantha coccinea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003105 Pyracantha coccinea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001295692 Pyracantha fortuneana Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms, which comprises the following steps: s1, earthworm cultivation; s2, preparing a microbial agent; s3, soil ploughing and applying; s4, planting crops; s5, applying the microbial agent for the second time. The tillage device comprises a shell, driving wheels positioned at two sides of the rear part of the shell, a first tillage roller positioned at one side of the front part of the shell, and a second tillage roller positioned at the other side of the front part of the shell. According to the method, earthworms and two microbial agents are sequentially applied, so that enrichment, migration and conversion of heavy metals can be realized through the earthworms, the nitrogen loss in soil is reduced through adding arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the applied beauveria bassiana can kill pest larvae in the soil, the tillage device can be matched with the method for use, the application and the application amount of the earthworm culture soil and the microbial agents can be automatically controlled, and the use is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a method for remediating polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms.
Background
Soil pollution is classified into various types, wherein heavy metal pollution, soil fertility reduction caused by excessive cultivation and pest pollution are all main factors affecting soil functions, and soil pollution has become a serious problem affecting human health and environmental safety. At present, a great deal of research has been done on soil pollution restoration at home and abroad, and several major restoration means such as chemical restoration, physical restoration, biological restoration (such as plant stabilization, evaporation and extraction; animal restoration; microorganism restoration) and the like are formed.
Bioremediation is the use of soil animals (e.g., earthworms, nematodes, arthropods, etc.) to absorb, degrade, or transfer contaminants through the food chain, thereby reducing the concentration of contaminants in the soil. However, the effect of repairing the soil animal is only very little, so that the soil animal needs to be combined with other repairing methods to achieve better repairing purposes.
Patent CN104335729A discloses a method for restoring soil by using earthworms, which comprises the following steps of (1) selecting a variety of earthworms; (2) artificially breeding earthworms; (3) And (3) putting earthworms, and putting the earthworms collected from the breeding plants into soil to be improved. According to the method, earthworms are artificially cultivated, the quantity of the earthworms is increased, the cultivated earthworms are put into soil to be improved, and the earthworms are utilized to produce earthworms and feces in the normal metabolic process to realize the rapid improvement of the soil, so that the method is economical, safe and environment-friendly. However, the method has limited restoration effect and limited applicable soil pollution types.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms comprises the following steps:
s1, earthworm cultivation: culturing the earthworm larvae in a culture medium for 15-20 d at the culture temperature of 22-25 ℃, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-70% of animal manure, 25-28% of straw carbon and the balance of EM bacterial liquid, and obtaining a mixture of earthworms and a culture medium after the completion of culture as earthworm culture soil, wherein the earthworm content in the earthworm culture soil is 10-20 bars/kg;
s2, preparing a microbial agent: the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi freeze-dried powder is placed in a culture medium for 5-7 d, the culture temperature is 23-26 ℃, and the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-80% of peptone, 3-4% of beef extract powder, 1-2% of phosphate and the balance of physiological saline, and obtaining a mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a culture medium after the culture is finished as a arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution, wherein the viable count in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is 0.001-0.002 hundred million/mL;
s3, soil ploughing and applying: the polluted soil to be repaired is ploughed by adopting a ploughing device, the polluted soil is divided into a plurality of ploughing columns at equal intervals according to the columns, planting columns are reserved between every two adjacent ploughing columns, the width of each ploughing column is 30-40 cm, the width of each planting column is 50-80 cm, one ploughing column is sequentially ploughed for one time and the second ploughing column is sequentially ploughed for two times, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is applied while the first ploughing is carried out, the earthworm culture soil is applied while the second ploughing is carried out, the depth of each ploughing for one time and the second ploughing is 20-25 cm, and the application amount of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is 500-1000 mL/m 2 The application amount of the earthworm culture soil is 40-50 kg/m 2 Standing for 45-60 d after the primary tillage and the secondary tillage of all the tillage rows are completed;
s4, crop planting: planting crops in the inner planting row of the polluted soil after standing, wherein the planting density is 7-8 m 2 ；
S5, microbial agent secondary application: after the crops are planted for 30-90 d, insect-proof microbial agent which is beauveria bassiana glycerol and beauveria bassiana is added into the ploughed rows in the polluted soilThe viable bacteria amount in the glycerin is 0.005-0.01 hundred million/mL, and the application amount of the beauveria bassiana glycerin is 100-200 mL/m 2 。
Further, in the step S1, the earthworms are of the genus Eisenia.
Description: the earthworm of the species has rich sources, low cost and good use effect.
Further, in the step S2, the phosphate is calcium phosphate powder, and the physiological saline is sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 0.9%.
Description: the sodium chloride is used for maintaining a certain osmotic pressure environment, and the phosphate is used for maintaining the relative stability of pH, so that the microbial culture is facilitated.
Further, the crops planted in the step S4 are one or more of ligustrum japonicum, buxus fortunei, photinia fraseri and pyracantha fortuneana.
Description: the depth restoration of soil can be effectively improved through planting crops, and meanwhile, the prevention and control of pest and disease damage pollution in the secondary application of microbial agents are improved.
Further, the tillage device comprises a shell, driving wheels positioned at two sides of the rear part of the shell, a first tillage roller positioned at one side of the front part of the shell, and a second tillage roller positioned at the other side of the front part of the shell, wherein the first tillage roller and the second tillage roller are symmetrically arranged and have the same outer diameter, the bottoms of the first tillage roller and the second tillage roller are 20-25 cm below the driving wheels, the widths of the first tillage roller and the second tillage roller are 30-40 cm, and the distance between the first tillage roller and the second tillage roller is 50-80 cm;
the first ploughing roller is rotationally connected with the side wall of the shell through a first rotating shaft, an earthworm culture soil storage cylinder is fixedly connected inside the first ploughing roller, a plurality of first ploughing tooth groups which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the outer wall of the first ploughing roller, each first ploughing tooth group comprises a plurality of first ploughing teeth which are arranged side by side, a first blanking opening is arranged on the outer wall of the first ploughing roller which is positioned in the middle of two adjacent first ploughing tooth groups, a second blanking opening is arranged on the outer wall of the earthworm culture soil storage cylinder which corresponds to the position where the first blanking opening is positioned, a chute is arranged on the inner wall of the first ploughing roller which is positioned between the first blanking opening and the second blanking opening, the chute extends along two sides of the first blanking opening, and a baffle group for blocking the first blanking opening and the second blanking opening is arranged in the chute in a sliding connection mode;
the second turns over the plough cylinder with the casing lateral wall rotates through the second pivot to be connected, and the inside fixed connection of second turns over the plough cylinder is equipped with microorganism fungus agent storage cylinder, and the second turns over the plough cylinder outer wall and is equipped with a plurality of equidistant second and turns over the plough tooth group, the second turns over the plough tooth group and turns over the tooth including a plurality of second that sets up side by side and turns over the plough tooth, and wherein each first of a set of second turns over the plough tooth group turns over the inside unloading pipe that all is equipped with of tooth, the unloading pipe bottom extends to the second and turns over outside the plough tooth bottom, and unloading pipe top is connected with the elasticity water pocket that is located between second and the microorganism fungus agent storage cylinder, elasticity water pocket is connected with microorganism fungus agent storage cylinder.
Still further, the casing front end is equipped with the auxiliary wheel, the auxiliary wheel bottom with the drive wheel bottom parallel and level, the drive wheel is through being located the inside driving motor drive rotation of casing, and the casing top is equipped with the handle.
Description: the auxiliary wheels are arranged to play a role in balancing the stabilizing device.
Further, the width of the second tillage teeth is twice that of the first tillage teeth, and the interval between the second tillage teeth is twice that between the first tillage teeth.
Description: the width of the two ploughing teeth is limited, so that the degree of twice ploughing is realized, the first ploughing is coarsely ploughed through the second ploughing teeth, the release of microbial inoculum is matched, and the second ploughing is finely ploughed through the first ploughing teeth, so that earthworm culture soil containing earthworms is uniformly applied to the surface layer of polluted soil.
Still further, baffle group include with spout sliding connection's weight and shielding plate, through arc dead lever fixed connection between weight and the shielding plate, the inside both sides of spout are equipped with and are used for carrying out spacing groove to the weight piece, weight piece both sides be equipped with spacing groove sliding connection's stopper, when weight piece slides to spacing groove front end place department under the action of gravity, weight piece passes through the arc dead lever promotes the shielding plate slides to thereby open first feed opening and second feed opening in front of first feed opening and second feed opening, thereby when weight piece slides to spacing groove rear end place department under the action of gravity, weight piece pulls shielding plate slide to position between first feed opening and the second feed opening through the arc dead lever to stop first feed opening and second feed opening.
Description: the arrangement of the baffle group can enable the first tillage roller to be in tillage process, the baffle is driven to alternately seal and open the two discharging openings under the action of gravity, the discharge amount of the earthworm culture soil can be controlled, meanwhile, the earthworms in the earthworm culture soil can not be damaged when the baffle group is opened and closed, the purpose of automatic control is achieved, and the use of staff is facilitated.
Further, a group of second ploughing tooth groups, which are provided with the blanking pipe, of the front sections of the second ploughing tooth groups are telescopic ploughing tooth groups, the second ploughing teeth of the telescopic ploughing tooth groups comprise upper telescopic rods and lower telescopic rods which are in sliding connection, the tops of the lower telescopic rods penetrate through second ploughing rollers and are fixedly connected with a push plate positioned between the second ploughing rollers and a microbial agent storage cylinder, the push plate is positioned below the elastic water bag and is obliquely arranged backwards, when the lower telescopic rods are extruded, the push plate extrudes the elastic water bag to enable microbial agents in the elastic water bag to be discharged through the blanking pipe, and liquid inlets are formed in the outer walls of the second ploughing rollers on the sides opposite to the telescopic ploughing tooth groups.
Description: the arrangement of the blanking pipe is matched with the telescopic tillage tooth group, so that the microbial agent can be discharged, the discharge amount of the microbial agent can be controlled, and the microbial agent discharging machine is convenient to use, is automatically controlled and improves the working efficiency.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the method for restoring the polluted soil based on the earthworms and the microorganisms, the earthworms and the two microbial agents are sequentially applied, so that enrichment, migration and conversion of heavy metals can be realized through the earthworms, the nitrogen loss in the soil is reduced through adding arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the nitrogen loss caused by the earthworms is reduced, the soil fertility is maintained, crop planting is carried out after the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are applied, the microbial agents are secondarily applied, the applied beauveria bassiana can kill pest larvae in the soil, diseases and pests in the polluted soil are effectively treated, and the beauveria bassiana attached to the surface of the earthworms can improve the killing effect on the pests.
(2) The method for restoring the polluted soil based on the earthworms and the microorganisms also optimizes the width and the ploughing depth of the ploughing rows and the planting rows, so that the application of the earthworms and the microbial inoculum is better realized, and the special ploughing device can be matched with the method for use, can automatically control the application and the application amount of the earthworms culture soil and the microbial inoculum, and is convenient to use.
(3) According to the method for restoring the polluted soil based on the earthworms and the microorganisms, disclosed by the invention, the width of the two ploughing teeth is limited, so that the degree of twice ploughing is realized, the first ploughing is performed through coarsely ploughing the second ploughing teeth, the release of microbial agents is matched, and the second ploughing is performed through finely ploughing the first ploughing teeth, so that the earthworms culture soil containing the earthworms can be uniformly applied to the surface layer of the polluted soil; the arrangement of the baffle plate group can drive the baffle plates to alternately seal and open the two blanking openings under the action of gravity in the process of ploughing the first ploughing roller, so that the discharge amount of the earthworm culture soil can be controlled, and simultaneously, the earthworms in the earthworm culture soil can not be damaged when the baffle plate group is opened and closed, thereby realizing the purpose of automatic control and being convenient for staff to use; the arrangement of the blanking pipe is matched with the telescopic tillage tooth group, so that the microbial agent can be discharged, the discharge amount of the microbial agent can be controlled, and the microbial agent discharging machine is convenient to use, is automatically controlled and improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for restoring contaminated soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tillage apparatus in a method for restoring contaminated soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a tillage apparatus in a method of restoring contaminated soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a first tillage roller in a method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the first tillage roller when the baffle group closes the two feed openings in the method for restoring the polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of a first tillage roller when two feed openings are opened by a baffle group in the method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of a second tillage roller in a method for restoring contaminated soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-shell, 11-auxiliary wheels, 12-driving motors, 13-handles, 2-driving wheels, 3-first ploughing rollers, 31-first rotating shafts, 32-earthworm culture soil storage cylinders, 33-first ploughing tooth sets, 331-first ploughing teeth, 34-first blanking holes, 35-second blanking holes, 36-sliding grooves, 37-limiting grooves, 4-second ploughing rollers, 41-second rotating shafts, 42-microbial inoculum storage cylinders, 43-second ploughing tooth sets, 431-second ploughing teeth, 44-blanking pipes, 45-elastic water bags, 46-liquid inlets, 5-baffle sets, 51-adding weights, 52-baffle plates, 53-arc-shaped fixed rods, 54-limiting blocks, 6-telescopic ploughing tooth sets, 61-upper telescopic rods, 62-lower telescopic rods and 63-pushing plates.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1, earthworm cultivation: culturing the earthworm larvae in a culture medium for 18d at a culture temperature of 23 ℃, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 67% of animal manure, 26% of straw carbon and the balance of EM bacterial liquid, and obtaining a mixture of earthworms and a culture medium after the culture is finished as earthworm culture soil, wherein the earthworms in the earthworm culture soil have 15 earthworms/kg, and the earthworms are of the genus Eisenia;
s2, preparing a microbial agent: the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi freeze-dried powder is placed in a culture medium for culture for 6d, wherein the culture temperature is 25 ℃, and the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78% of peptone, 3.5% of beef extract powder, 1.5% of calcium phosphate powder, and the balance of physiological saline, wherein the physiological saline is sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 0.9%, and a mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a culture medium is obtained after the culture is finished and is used as a arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution, and the viable bacteria amount in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is 0.0015 hundred million/mL;
s3, soil ploughing and applying: the contaminated soil to be repaired is ploughed by adopting a ploughing device, the contaminated soil is divided into a plurality of ploughing columns at equal intervals according to the columns, a planting column is reserved between every two adjacent ploughing columns, the width of each ploughing column is 35cm, the width of each planting column is 70cm, one ploughing column is successively ploughed for one time and the second ploughing column is carried out, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is applied while the first ploughing, the earthworm culture soil is applied while the second ploughing column is carried out, the first ploughing depth and the second ploughing depth are both 23cm, and the application amount of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is 800mL/m 2 The application amount of the earthworm culture soil is 45kg/m 2 Standing for 50d after the primary tillage and the secondary tillage of all the tillage rows are completed;
the ploughing device adopts a commercially available ploughing device;
s4, crop planting: planting crops in the inner planting row of the polluted soil after standing, wherein the planting density is 7 m 2 The planted crops are ligustrum japonicum and buxus fortunei;
s5, microbial agent secondary application: after 60d of crop planting, adding insect-proof microbial agent, wherein the insect-proof microbial agent is beauveria bassiana glycerol, the viable bacterial amount in the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 0.0075 hundred million/mL, and the application amount of the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 150mL/m 2 . The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi freeze-dried powder and the beauveria bassiana glycerol are all commercial products.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selection in step S1 is different.
S1, earthworm cultivation: culturing the earthworm larvae in a culture medium for 15d at a culture temperature of 22 ℃, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65% of animal manure, 25% of straw charcoal and the balance of EM bacterial liquid, and obtaining a mixture of earthworms and a culture medium after the completion of culture as earthworm culture soil, wherein the earthworm content in the earthworm culture soil is 10 earthworms/kg, and the earthworms are of the genus Eisenia.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selection in step S1 is different.
S1, earthworm cultivation: culturing the earthworm larvae in a culture medium for 20d at a culture temperature of 25 ℃, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70% of animal manure, 28% of straw charcoal and the balance of EM bacterial liquid, and obtaining a mixture of earthworms and a culture medium after the completion of culture as earthworm culture soil, wherein the earthworm content in the earthworm culture soil is 20 earthworms/kg, and the earthworms are of the genus Eisenia.
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selection in step S2 is different.
S2, preparing a microbial agent: the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi freeze-dried powder is placed in a culture medium for 5d, the culture temperature is 23 ℃, and the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75% of peptone, 3% of beef extract powder, 1% of calcium phosphate powder and the balance of normal saline, wherein the normal saline is sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 0.9%, and the mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a culture medium is obtained after the culture is finished and is used as a arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution, and the viable bacteria amount in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is 0.001 hundred million/mL.
Example 5
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selection in step S2 is different.
S2, preparing a microbial agent: the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi freeze-dried powder is placed in a culture medium for 7d, the culture temperature is 26 ℃, and the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80% of peptone, 4% of beef extract powder, 2% of calcium phosphate powder and the balance of physiological saline, wherein the physiological saline is sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 0.9%, and the mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a culture medium is obtained after the culture is finished and is used as a arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution, and the viable bacteria amount in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is 0.002 hundred million/mL.
Example 6
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selection in step S3 is different.
S3, soil ploughing and applying: the contaminated soil to be repaired is ploughed by adopting a ploughing device, the contaminated soil is divided into a plurality of ploughing columns at equal intervals according to the columns, a planting column is reserved between every two adjacent ploughing columns, the width of each ploughing column is 30cm, the width of each planting column is 50cm, one ploughing column is successively ploughed for one time and the second ploughing column is carried out, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is applied while the first ploughing, the earthworm culture soil is applied while the second ploughing column is carried out, the first ploughing depth and the second ploughing depth are both 20cm, and the application amount of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is 500mL/m 2 The application amount of the earthworm culture soil is 40kg/m 2 And (5) standing for 45d after the primary tillage and the secondary tillage of all the tillage rows are completed.
Example 7
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selection in step S3 is different.
S3, soil ploughing and applying: the contaminated soil to be repaired is ploughed by adopting a ploughing device, the contaminated soil is divided into a plurality of ploughing columns at equal intervals according to the columns, a planting column is reserved between every two adjacent ploughing columns, the width of each ploughing column is 40cm, the width of each planting column is 80cm, one ploughing column is successively ploughed for the first time and the second time, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is applied while the first ploughing, the earthworm culture soil is applied while the second ploughing is carried out, the first ploughing depth and the second ploughing depth are both 25cm, and the application amount of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is 1000mL/m 2 The application amount of the earthworm culture soil is 50kg/m 2 And (5) standing for 60d after the primary tillage and the secondary tillage of all the tillage rows are completed.
Example 8
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selections in steps S4 and S5 are different.
S4, crop planting: planting crops in the inner planting columns of the polluted soil after standing, wherein the planting density is 8 m 2 The planted crop is photinia fraseri;
s5, microbial agent secondary application: after 30d of crop planting, adding insect-proof microbial agent into the ploughed row in the polluted soil, wherein the insect-proof microbial agent is beauveria bassiana glycerol, the viable bacterial amount in the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 0.005 hundred million/mL, and the application amount of the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 100mL/m 2 。
Example 9
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the parameter selections in steps S4 and S5 are different.
S4, crop planting: planting crops in the inner planting columns of the polluted soil after standing, wherein the planting density is 8 m 2 The planted crops are firethorns;
s5, microbial agent secondary application: after 90d of crop planting, adding insect-proof microbial agent into the ploughed row in the polluted soil, wherein the insect-proof microbial agent is beauveria bassiana glycerol, the viable bacterial amount in the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 0.01 hundred million/mL, and the application amount of the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 200mL/m 2 。
Example 10
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, this embodiment is a further optimization of the tillage device in embodiment 1, the tillage device includes a housing 1, driving wheels 2 located at two sides of the rear portion of the housing 1, a first tillage roller 3 located at one side of the front portion of the housing 1, a second tillage roller 4 located at the other side of the front portion of the housing 1, the first tillage roller 3 and the second tillage roller 4 are symmetrically arranged and have the same outer diameter, the bottoms of the first tillage roller 3 and the second tillage roller 4 are 26cm below the driving wheels 2, the width of the first tillage roller 3 and the second tillage roller 4 is 35cm, the distance between the first tillage roller 3 and the second tillage roller 4 is 70cm, an auxiliary wheel 11 is arranged at the front end of the housing 1, the bottom of the auxiliary wheel 11 is level with the bottom of the driving wheels 2, the driving wheels 2 are driven to rotate by a driving motor 12 located inside the housing 1, the driving motor 12 is a driving motor for a commercially available farm tool, and the top of the housing 1 is provided with a handle 13;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first tillage roller 3 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the shell 1 through a first rotating shaft 31, an earthworm culture soil storage cylinder 32 is fixedly connected inside the first tillage roller 3, a plurality of first tillage tooth groups 33 which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the outer wall of the first tillage roller 3, the first tillage tooth groups 33 comprise a plurality of first tillage teeth 331 which are arranged side by side, a first feed opening 34 is arranged on the outer wall of the first tillage roller 3 positioned in the middle of two adjacent first tillage tooth groups 33, a second feed opening 35 is arranged on the outer wall of the earthworm culture soil storage cylinder 32 corresponding to the position of the first feed opening 34, a sliding groove 36 is arranged on the inner wall of the first tillage roller 3 positioned between the first feed opening 34 and the second feed opening 35, the sliding groove 36 extends along two sides of the first feed opening 34, and a baffle group 5 for blocking the first feed opening 34 and the second feed opening 35 is slidingly connected inside the sliding groove 36;
as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the second tillage roller 4 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the shell 1 through a second rotating shaft 41, a microbial agent storage cylinder 42 is fixedly connected inside the second tillage roller 4, a plurality of second tillage teeth groups 43 which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the outer wall of the second tillage roller 4, the second tillage teeth groups 43 comprise a plurality of second tillage teeth 431 which are arranged side by side, a blanking pipe 44 is arranged inside each first tillage tooth 331 of one group of second tillage teeth groups 43, the bottom of the blanking pipe 44 extends to the outside of the bottom of the second tillage teeth 431, the top of the blanking pipe 44 is connected with an elastic water bag 45 positioned between the second tillage roller 4 and the microbial agent storage cylinder 42, the elastic water bag 45 is connected with the microbial agent storage cylinder 42, the width of each second tillage tooth 431 is twice as that of each first tillage tooth 331, and the interval between each second tillage teeth groups 43 is twice as that between each first tillage teeth groups 33;
as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the baffle plate group 5 comprises a weighting block 51 and a shielding plate 52 which are slidably connected with a chute 36, wherein the weighting block 51 and the shielding plate 52 are fixedly connected through an arc-shaped fixing rod 53, a limiting groove 37 for limiting the weighting block 51 is arranged on two sides of the inside of the chute 36, a limiting block 54 which is slidably connected with the limiting groove 37 is arranged on two sides of the weighting block 51, when the weighting block 51 slides down to the position of the front end of the limiting groove 37 under the action of gravity, the weighting block 51 pushes the shielding plate 52 to slide to the front ends of the first blanking port 34 and the second blanking port 35 through the arc-shaped fixing rod 53 so as to open the first blanking port 34 and the second blanking port 35, and when the weighting block 51 slides down to the position of the rear end of the limiting groove 37 under the action of gravity, the weighting block 51 pulls the shielding plate 52 to slide to the position between the first blanking port 34 and the second blanking port 35 through the arc-shaped fixing rod 53 so as to block the first blanking port 34 and the second blanking port 35;
as shown in fig. 2 and 7, a group of second tillage teeth 43 with a front section of the second tillage teeth 43 provided with a blanking pipe 44 is a telescopic tillage teeth group 6, the second tillage teeth 431 of the telescopic tillage teeth group 6 comprise an upper telescopic rod 61 and a lower telescopic rod 62 which are connected in a sliding manner, the top of each lower telescopic rod 62 penetrates through the second tillage roller 4 and is fixedly connected with a push plate 63 positioned between the second tillage roller 4 and the microbial inoculum storage cylinder 42, the push plate 63 is positioned below the elastic water bag 45 and is obliquely arranged at the rear side of the push plate 63, when the lower telescopic rod 62 is extruded, the push plate 63 extrudes the elastic water bag 45 to discharge microbial inoculum in the lower telescopic rod 62 through the blanking pipe 44, and the outer wall of the second tillage roller 4 at the side opposite to the telescopic tillage teeth group 6 is provided with a liquid inlet 46.
Working principle:
when the tillage device is used, the second tillage roller 4 is firstly positioned on the first tillage, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is injected into the microbial inoculum storage cylinder 42 through the liquid inlet 46, the earthworm culture soil storage cylinder 32 of the first tillage roller 3 is firstly not put into the earthworm culture soil, the driving motor 12 is started to drive the driving wheel 2 to rotate so as to drive the shell 1 to move, the moving speed is preferably controlled to be 5-6 m/min, the second tillage roller 4 is driven to rotate when the shell 1 moves, the first tillage column of the polluted soil is ploughed through the second tillage tooth group 43, meanwhile, the telescopic rod 62 is extruded every time the telescopic tillage tooth group 6 rotates to be in contact with the inside of the soil, so that the push plate 63 is pushed by the telescopic rod 62, the elastic water bag 45 is extruded, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution in the first tillage roller is discharged into the polluted soil through the tail end of the second tillage tooth 431 by the blanking pipe 44, and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is applied in the step S3 at the same time of one tillage;
when the first tillage of the first row of tillage rows is finished, the tillage device is reset and transversely moved for a certain distance, the first tillage roller 3 is positioned on the first tillage row, the second tillage roller 4 is positioned on the next tillage row, the driving motor 12 is started again to start the first tillage of the next tillage row, meanwhile, the first tillage roller 3 starts to perform the second tillage of the first tillage row, the earthworm culture soil is firstly poured into the earthworm culture soil storage cylinder 32 before the first tillage roller 3 is started, the first tillage roller 3 is driven to rotate when the shell 1 moves, the first tillage row of polluted soil is subjected to the second tillage through the first tillage teeth 3, meanwhile, the weight block 51 slides along the chute 36 under the action of gravity until the limiting block 54 is contacted with one end of the limiting groove 37 when the baffle plate group 5 rotates to the state as shown in figure 6, at this time, the arc-shaped fixing rod 52 is correspondingly arranged between the first blanking port 34 and the second blanking port 35, so that the two blanking ports are communicated and communicated with the outside, the earthworm culture soil is discharged into the polluted soil through the two blanking ports, when the first tillage roller 3 continues to rotate to the state shown in fig. 5, the weight-adding block 51 slides along the sliding groove 36 under the action of gravity until the limiting block 54 contacts with the other end of the limiting groove 37, the shielding plate 52 is correspondingly arranged between the first blanking port 34 and the second blanking port 35, the two blanking ports are blocked and sealed, the earthworm culture soil is prevented from being continuously discharged, the aim of controlling the discharge amount of the earthworm culture soil is fulfilled, and meanwhile, in the step S3, the first tillage and the second tillage are sequentially performed in one tillage row, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus culture solution is applied while the first tillage and the earthworm culture soil is applied while the second tillage are performed.
After the steps S4 and S5 are finished, the planted crops can be transplanted to other places where needed, so that the treated soil can realize the purpose of farming, and meanwhile, certain economic benefits are realized.
Claims (9)
1. The method for restoring the polluted soil based on the earthworms and the microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, earthworm cultivation: culturing the earthworm larvae in a culture medium for 15-20 d at the culture temperature of 22-25 ℃, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-70% of animal manure, 25-28% of straw carbon and the balance of EM bacterial liquid, and obtaining a mixture of earthworms and a culture medium after the completion of culture as earthworm culture soil, wherein the earthworm content in the earthworm culture soil is 10-20 bars/kg;
s2, preparing a microbial agent: the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi freeze-dried powder is placed in a culture medium for 5-7 d, the culture temperature is 23-26 ℃, and the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-80% of peptone, 3-4% of beef extract powder, 1-2% of phosphate and the balance of physiological saline, and obtaining a mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a culture medium after the culture is finished as a arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution, wherein the viable count in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is 0.001-0.002 hundred million/mL;
s3, soil ploughing and applying: the polluted soil to be repaired is ploughed by adopting a ploughing device, the polluted soil is divided into a plurality of ploughing columns at equal intervals according to the columns, planting columns are reserved between every two adjacent ploughing columns, the width of each ploughing column is 30-40 cm, the width of each planting column is 50-80 cm, one ploughing column is sequentially ploughed for one time and the second ploughing column is sequentially ploughed for two times, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is applied while the first ploughing is carried out, the earthworm culture soil is applied while the second ploughing is carried out, the depth of each ploughing for one time and the second ploughing is 20-25 cm, and the application amount of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture solution is 500-1000 mL/m 2 The application amount of the earthworm culture soil is 40-50 kg/m 2 Standing for 45-60 d after the primary tillage and the secondary tillage of all the tillage rows are completed;
s4, crop planting: planting crops in the inner planting row of the polluted soil after standing, wherein the planting density is 7-8 m 2 ；
S5, microbial agent secondary application: after 30-90 d of crop planting, adding insect-proof microbial agent into the ploughed row in the polluted soil, wherein the insect-proof microbial agent is beauveria bassiana glycerol, the viable bacterial amount in the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 0.005-0.01 hundred million/mL, and the application amount of the beauveria bassiana glycerol is 100-200 mL/m 2 。
2. The method for restoring contaminated soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the earthworms in step S1 are of the genus aegilops.
3. The method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate in the step S2 is calcium phosphate powder and the physiological saline is sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 0.9%.
4. The method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the crop planted in the step S4 is one or more of ligustrum japonicum, buxine, photinia serrulata and pyracantha fortunei.
5. The method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that the tillage device comprises a shell (1), driving wheels (2) positioned at two sides of the rear part of the shell (1), a first tillage roller (3) positioned at one side of the front part of the shell (1), a second tillage roller (4) positioned at the other side of the front part of the shell (1), wherein the first tillage roller (3) and the second tillage roller (4) are symmetrically arranged and have the same outer diameter, the bottoms of the first tillage roller (3) and the second tillage roller (4) are 20-25 cm below the driving wheels (2), the width of the first tillage roller (3) and the second tillage roller (4) is 30-40 cm, and the distance between the first tillage roller (3) and the second tillage roller (4) is 50-80 cm;
the first tillage roller (3) is rotationally connected with the side wall of the shell (1) through a first rotating shaft (31), an earthworm culture soil storage cylinder (32) is fixedly connected inside the first tillage roller (3), a plurality of first tillage tooth groups (33) which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the outer wall of the first tillage roller (3), the first tillage tooth groups (33) comprise a plurality of first tillage teeth (331) which are arranged side by side, a first feed opening (34) is arranged on the outer wall of the first tillage roller (3) which is positioned in the middle of two adjacent first tillage tooth groups (33), a second feed opening (35) is arranged on the outer wall of the earthworm culture soil storage cylinder (32) which corresponds to the position where the first feed opening (34) is positioned, a sliding groove (36) is arranged on the inner wall of the first tillage roller (3) which is positioned between the first feed opening (34) and the second feed opening (35), the sliding grooves (36) extend along the two sides of the first feed opening (34), and a baffle plate (5) which is used for blocking the first feed opening (34) and the second feed opening (35) is slidingly connected inside the sliding groove (36);
the second ploughing roller (4) with casing (1) lateral wall is rotated through second pivot (41) and is connected, and second ploughing roller (4) inside fixed connection is equipped with microorganism fungus agent storage cylinder (42), and second ploughing roller (4) outer wall is equipped with a plurality of equidistant second and turns over and plough tooth group (43), second ploughs tooth group (43) including a plurality of second that sets up side by side and turns over and plough tooth (431), and wherein each first of a set of second ploughs tooth group (43) turns over and ploughs tooth (331) inside and all is equipped with unloading pipe (44), unloading pipe (44) bottom extends to second and turns over tooth (431) bottom and outwards, and unloading pipe (44) top is connected with elastic water bag (45) that are located between second ploughing roller (4) and the microorganism fungus agent storage cylinder (42), elastic water bag (45) are connected with microorganism fungus agent storage cylinder (42).
6. The method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to claim 5, characterized in that an auxiliary wheel (11) is arranged at the front end of the shell (1), the bottom of the auxiliary wheel (11) is flush with the bottom of the driving wheel (2), the driving wheel (2) is driven to rotate by a driving motor (12) positioned in the shell (1), and a handle (13) is arranged at the top of the shell (1).
7. The method for restoring contaminated soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to claim 5, characterized in that said second turning teeth (431) have a width twice that of said first turning teeth (331), and the spacing between each of said second turning teeth sets (43) is twice that between each of said first turning teeth sets (33).
8. The method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms according to claim 5, wherein the baffle group (5) comprises a weighting block (51) and a shielding plate (52) which are slidably connected with the chute (36), the weighting block (51) and the shielding plate (52) are fixedly connected through an arc-shaped fixing rod (53), limiting grooves (37) for limiting the weighting block (51) are formed in two sides of the inside of the chute (36), limiting blocks (54) which are slidably connected with the limiting grooves (37) are formed in two sides of the weighting block (51), when the weighting block (51) slides down to the position of the front end of the limiting grooves (37) under the action of gravity, the weighting block (51) pushes the shielding plate (52) to slide to the front end of the first blanking port (34) and the second blanking port (35) through the arc-shaped fixing rod (53), and the weighting block (51) pulls the position of the first blanking port (34) to the second blanking port (35) through the arc-shaped fixing rod (53) when the weighting block (51) slides down to the position of the rear end of the limiting grooves (37) under the action of gravity.
9. The method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms as defined in claim 5, wherein a group of second tillage tooth groups (43) of the front section of the second tillage tooth groups (43) provided with the blanking pipe (44) is a telescopic tillage tooth group (6), the second tillage teeth (431) of the telescopic tillage tooth group (6) comprise an upper telescopic rod (61) and a lower telescopic rod (62) which are connected in a sliding manner, the top of each lower telescopic rod (62) penetrates through the second tillage roller (4) and is fixedly connected with a push plate (63) positioned between the second tillage roller (4) and a microbial inoculum storage cylinder (42), the push plate (63) is positioned below the elastic water bag (45) and the push plate (63) is obliquely arranged at the rear side, when the lower telescopic rod (62) is pressed, the push plate (63) presses the elastic water bag (45) to enable the microbial inoculum in the second tillage tooth group to be discharged through the blanking pipe (44), and the second tillage roller (46) positioned at the side opposite to the tillage tooth group (6) is provided with an inlet (46).
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