CN114160567A - Animal and plant cooperative remediation method and device for site pollution - Google Patents
Animal and plant cooperative remediation method and device for site pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN114160567A CN114160567A CN202111305060.0A CN202111305060A CN114160567A CN 114160567 A CN114160567 A CN 114160567A CN 202111305060 A CN202111305060 A CN 202111305060A CN 114160567 A CN114160567 A CN 114160567A
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention discloses an animal and plant cooperative repair method and device for site pollution, belonging to the technical field of soil repair, the Eisenia foetida plays the roles of the tolerance, enrichment and absorption of the Eisenia foetida to heavy metals and the activation of the heavy metals in the soil during the activity process of the Eisenia foetida in the remediation of the heavy metal contaminated soil, so that the activity of the heavy metals is increased after the heavy metals are activated, the extractable content is increased, then the plant heavy metal extractant is added, and the purposefully designed plowing and stirring machine is adopted to uniformly mix with the soil, so as to improve the absorption and utilization amount of the plant, meanwhile, the Eisenia foetida can improve the content of humus and organic acid in soil and promote the growth of plants in the process of degrading organic waste in the soil, the humic acid provides certain nutrients for the soil, the method has the characteristics of low restoration cost, simple operation and management, short restoration period, no secondary pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to an animal and plant cooperative remediation method and device for site pollution.
Background
Along with the improvement of economic development, social progress and requirements on living environment of people in China in modern industry and cities, the process of urbanization and industrialization is accelerated in China, the requirement on mineral resources and water resources in China is also sharply increased, and in addition, heavy metal has the characteristics of easy enrichment and difficult degradation, so the problem of heavy metal pollution of sites in China is caused. Site heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem and has been a focus of attention for a long time. With the implementation of policies such as structural reform of the supply side in China and the adjustment of industrial structures, a large number of heavy metal pollution sites left by the relocation of industrial enterprises are generated. The number of the polluted sites (namely non-agricultural polluted soil) in China is 10-100 thousands, and the treatment of the heavy metal pollution of the visible sites is urgent.
The method for restoring the heavy metal contaminated soil mainly comprises three methods of physical restoration, chemical restoration and biological restoration. The physical and chemical repairing method needs special facilities and equipment and professional technicians, is expensive in general cost, can cause secondary pollution and is difficult to popularize and apply on a large scale. The biological repair, especially the plant repair technology, can be implemented in situ, has low cost, is green and environment-friendly, and has good application prospect. Compared with other technologies for treating heavy metal contaminated soil, the bioremediation technology has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, no secondary pollution, wide application range and the like, is a remediation technology with remarkable advantages for replacing physical and chemical remediation, and mainly comprises animal remediation, plant remediation and microbial remediation technologies. The phytoremediation technology is to transfer a large amount of heavy metal elements in soil into plants (particularly overground parts) by using certain plants with the capacity of enriching the heavy metals, and the heavy metals can be removed from the soil body after the plants are harvested and appropriately treated (such as ashing recovery), so as to achieve the purpose of soil remediation.
At present, various methods are used for treating heavy metal pollution, common methods mainly comprise physical and chemical methods, such as chemical leaching, landfill, incineration, electrolysis, soil replacement improvement and the like, and although the methods have obvious effects in a short period, the methods are high in cost and easy to form secondary pollution. In recent years, a chemical stabilization technology is also developed rapidly, namely, active substances such as lime, zeolite, phosphate and the like are added into polluted soil, the adsorption of heavy metals in the soil is increased by changing the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the generation of active surface precipitates is facilitated, or precipitates and complexes with low ecological solubility are formed by directly acting with the heavy metals, so that the effective concentration of the heavy metals in the soil is reduced, the biological effectiveness and toxicity of the heavy metals are reduced, and the purposes of repairing the polluted soil and maintaining healthy grain production are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an animal and plant cooperative repair method and device for site pollution, the Eisenia foetida plays the roles of the tolerance, enrichment and absorption of the Eisenia foetida to heavy metals and the activation of the heavy metals in the soil during the activity process of the Eisenia foetida in the remediation of the heavy metal contaminated soil, so that the activity of the heavy metals is increased after the heavy metals are activated, the extractable content is increased, then the plant heavy metal extractant is added, and the purposefully designed plowing and stirring machine is adopted to uniformly mix with the soil, so as to improve the absorption and utilization amount of the plant, meanwhile, the Eisenia foetida can improve the content of humus and organic acid in soil and promote the growth of plants in the process of degrading organic waste in the soil, the humic acid provides certain nutrients for the soil, the method has the characteristics of low restoration cost, simple operation and management, short restoration period, no secondary pollution and the like. The method has the advantages of easy implementation, simple and convenient operation, low cost, easy management and higher heavy metal removal efficiency, and can improve the ecological environment and protect land resources.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an animal and plant cooperative remediation method for site pollution comprises the following steps:
A. firstly, setting the depth of a polluted soil layer in a polluted soil plot polluted by heavy metals determined by field adjustment, then carrying out heel turning, crushing and digging-out pretreatment, and standing for about 5-7 days to naturally release the heavy metals in the polluted soil and maintain dynamic balance;
B. then laying an isolated ecological blanket, non-woven fabrics and a geotextile film, preventing the Eisenia foetida generated by Eisenia foetida in the moving process from forming a dominant flow phenomenon, and reducing the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water;
C. after the isolated ecological blanket, the non-woven fabric and the geotextile film are laid, the artificially cultured Eisenia foetida seedlings are added into the polluted soil, about 3000 pieces of-;
D. then, the Eisenia foetida is intensively collected in an electric field driving mode, so that the heavy metal in the Eisenia foetida is prevented from being released into the soil again to cause secondary pollution, and the collected Eisenia foetida is intensively treated;
E. maintaining soil after all the Eisenia foetida is expelled, planting a first batch of heavy metal enrichment restoration plants, selecting the enrichment restoration plants suitable for being planted at the time and in the local, planting according to a certain interval, and simultaneously spraying a sulfur modifier on roots and leaf surfaces for synergistic treatment to strengthen field management;
F. planting a second batch of enrichment restoration plants suitable for being planted at the moment, removing the plants in time after the plants are mature, harvesting and recovering the plants, and determining the number of times of rotation according to the heavy metal restoration efficiency and the planting time limit of the enrichment restoration plants until the heavy metal restoration in the soil completely reaches the standard;
G. finally, planting low-accumulation varieties or local dominant varieties, flexibly planting according to acceptance criteria, further controlling soil pollution and maintaining soil fertility, and fundamentally repairing the problem of heavy metal pollution of the polluted soil.
Further, the isolated ecological blanket in the step B is made of plant fibers, is prepared by crushing coconut fibers and straw stalks and mechanically weaving, is 5-10mm thick, is stacked in three layers, and is uniformly added with biochar between layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions.
Furthermore, the enrichment restoration plants selected in the step E and the step F are reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and the habit of the enrichment restoration plants, a plant rotation/interplanting mode is adopted for uninterrupted restoration, the enrichment restoration plants are selected from Cu which is Duck-tophaga and C.densiflora, As which is ciliate desert-grass and Bidens macrophylla, Cd which is Viola odorata and Solanum nigrum, and Pb which is amorpha fruticosa and Amaranthus viridis; the enrichment restoration plant can simultaneously enrich two or more heavy metals, the himalayan teasel root chrysanthemum is rich in Pb and Zn, the winged corydalis herb and the southeast sedum are rich in Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the southeast sinkiang are rich in Pb, Zn and Cd; meanwhile, in the step E, the first batch of enrichment and restoration plants are timely removed and harvested and recovered after being mature, so that heavy metal backflow caused by excessive growth is avoided.
In addition, the invention also discloses an animal and plant cooperative repair device for site pollution, which comprises a ploughing and stirring machine, wherein the ploughing and stirring machine comprises a frame body with an opening structure at the bottom, wheel-type ploughing knives driven by a motor are arranged on two sides of the frame body, stirring rods are arranged at the front part in the frame body in an array mode, ploughing shovels arranged in an array mode are connected behind the stirring rods, the stirring rods are connected with the ploughing shovels through connecting belts, a stirring box is connected behind the ploughing shovels and is of a Z-shaped structure, a feeding hole is formed in the bottom of the front wall of the stirring box, a discharging hole is formed in the upper part of the rear wall of the stirring box, push rods are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the frame body, and a handle is arranged between the push rods.
Furthermore, the bottom of the stirring rod is of a spiral drill rod structure, the upper end of the stirring rod is connected with a vertically downward output shaft of a second motor, the upper portion of the second motor is installed on the bottom surface of the first connecting plate, and the first connecting plate is connected with the sliding mechanism.
Further, slide mechanism includes the electronic slip table that the level set up, and electronic slip table is installed on framework both sides inner wall, first connecting plate both ends all link to each other with the active cell of electronic slip table, and the active cell passes through the connecting band and ploughs the shovel and link to each other.
Furthermore, the upper end of the ploughing shovel is connected to the bottom surface of a second connecting plate, and the upper part of the second connecting plate is connected with a connecting belt; and the two ends of the second connecting plate are limited in the vertical direction through the limiting assemblies.
Furthermore, the limiting assembly comprises limiting plates which are arranged in pairs, and a vertical limiting groove formed between the limiting plates at two sides limits the second connecting plate; and the connecting band on the second connecting plate sequentially bypasses the first rotary drum at the top of the limiting plate and the second rotary drum on the inner wall of the frame body, and is finally connected with the rotor.
Furthermore, two sides of the stirring box are connected to the inner wall of the frame body, the rear end of a feed inlet of the stirring box is connected with a transverse channel, a dosing pump is arranged above the transverse channel, the rear end of the transverse channel is an ascending channel, and the top of the ascending channel is communicated with a discharge outlet; and stirring and lifting mechanisms are arranged in the ascending channel.
Further, stirring hoist mechanism includes the (mixing) shaft, is provided with stirring vane on the (mixing) shaft, stirring vane is helical blade, and the (mixing) shaft upper end stretches out outside agitator tank bottom plate and is provided with the sprocket on the top, and each sprocket passes through the chain and links to each other with first motor, and first motor sets up on the agitator tank roof. The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a technical scheme for animal and plant cooperative remediation for site pollution, which is characterized in that a vicia foetida is activated by utilizing the activation effect on soil heavy metal in the activity process of the vicia foetida, the high-efficiency extraction and remediation of site pollution heavy metal are realized by combining with a plant-promoting heavy metal extraction agent, the follow-up phytoremediation efficiency is improved, and then the heavy metal is absorbed and extracted by a heavy metal enrichment remediation plant.
1. According to the invention, the plant heavy metal extraction promoter is added, so that the high-efficiency extraction and restoration of site-polluted heavy metals are realized, the absorption efficiency of subsequent plants is improved, then the heavy metal enrichment restoration plants are used for extracting the heavy metal from the soil, the restoration treatment of site-polluted heavy metal pollution can be used, the activity and the secretion of Eisenia fetida can improve the soil structure, promote the soil nutrient circulation, increase the plant biomass, promote the plant growth, further improve the restoration efficiency of the plants on the heavy metals, and effectively relieve the relation among the existing soil, nutrients and plants.
2. The invention preferably selects a plant heavy metal promoting extractant which mainly comprises elemental sulfur and nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, and the extractant mainly has the following effects through tests: the method has the advantages that the microorganism is activated, and the migration rate of the originally activated heavy metal to the plant rhizosphere is increased after the activity of the microorganism is increased, so that the method is more beneficial to absorption and extraction of the plant; secondly, the fertilizer can also be used as a nitrogen source of microorganisms and a nutrient of sulfur bacteria, heavy metals wrapped in the occluded phosphorus in the soil are further activated, and the amount of the absorbable heavy metals is increased; the phosphorus element activated at the same time and the added nitrogen and sulfur can also promote the growth of plants, increase the growth speed of plants and further improve the absorption of heavy metals.
3. The enrichment restoration plant selected by the invention is reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and the habit, adopts a plant rotation/interplanting mode, and continuously restores, and the selection of the enrichment restoration plant is as follows: cu is Duck's foot and Stephania capillipes, As is ciliate desert grass and large-leaf Clerodendron trichotomum, Cd is Viola odorata and Solanum nigrum, Pb is amorpha fruticosa and Amaranthus viridis; and enrichment restoration plants capable of simultaneously enriching two or more heavy metals, such as the teasel root chrysanthemum is enriched with Pb and Zn, the winged corydalis herb and the southeast rhodiola herb are enriched with Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the southeast sinkiang herb are enriched with Pb, Zn and Cd.
4. The invention creates the steps that a layer of isolated ecological blanket is laid below the polluted soil, and a layer of non-woven fabric and a geotextile membrane are padded below the isolated ecological blanket to prevent heavy metals from migrating downwards; the isolated ecological blanket is made of coconut fibers and straw stalks, the thickness of the blanket is about 5-10mm, the three layers are overlapped, biochar is uniformly added among the layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions, the phenomenon that Eisenia foetida generated by Eisenia foetida in the moving process forms dominant flow is prevented, and the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water is reduced.
5. According to the invention, while heavy metals are effectively removed, Eisenia foetida can improve soil conditions, promote soil nutrient circulation, improve plant yield and promote plant growth, so that the repair efficiency of plants on the heavy metals is influenced, and the relation among the existing soil, fertilizer and plants can be effectively relieved.
6. The invention adopts a plowing and stirring machine to carry out the mixing operation of the key plant heavy metal extractant and the soil, ensures the mixing uniformity and improves the repairing efficiency and effect. Wherein the front part in the frame body of the plowing and stirring machine is provided with stirring rods which are arranged in an array way, and the stirring rods can be driven by the electric sliding table to move back and forth simultaneously; a liftable turning shovel is arranged behind the stirring rod and is connected with a rotor of the electric sliding table through a connecting belt, so that the stirring rod drives the turning shovel to adjust the height, and meanwhile, the turning shovel is provided with an up-and-down buffering margin, and the turning shovel is prevented from being easily damaged due to excessive hard collision; and the discontinuous of accessible framework moves ahead carries out the meticulous ploughing of sectional type and stirring to soil, specifically be when the puddler moves forward and loosens the soil operation with soil, the active cell moves forward and drives the shovel of ploughing and rises, it moves down to drive the stirring shovel when the puddler moves backward, the stirring shovel moves the back and promotes the framework through the handle and gos forward, the accessible stirring shovel ploughs, the soil after ploughing passes through the feed inlet feeding of agitator tank, and add the medicine through adding the medicine pump, helical blade in the rethread ascending channel carries out more thorough stirring, guarantee the homogeneity of mixing.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the plowing and stirring machine of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the plowing and stirring machine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the stirring rod and the ploughing shovel of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top schematic view of the agitator tank of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the position of the connecting band of the present invention.
The text labels in the figures are represented as: 1. a handle; 2. a frame body; 3. turning over a tillage knife; 4. a stirring rod; 5. turning and shoveling; 6. a stirring box; 7. a feed inlet; 8. a stirring blade; 9. a rising channel; 10. a first motor; 11. a discharge port; 12. a limiting plate; 13. a limiting groove; 14. a first rotating drum; 15. a connecting belt; 16. a second rotating drum; 17. a mover; 18. a first connecting plate; 19. an electric sliding table; 20. a second motor; 21. a second connecting plate; 22. a belt; 23. a pulley.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
An animal and plant cooperative remediation method for site pollution comprises the following steps:
A. firstly, setting the depth of a polluted soil layer in a polluted soil plot polluted by heavy metals determined by field adjustment, then carrying out heel turning, crushing and digging-out pretreatment, and standing for about 5-7 days to naturally release the heavy metals in the polluted soil and maintain dynamic balance;
B. then laying an isolated ecological blanket, non-woven fabrics and a geotextile film, preventing the Eisenia foetida generated by Eisenia foetida in the moving process from forming a dominant flow phenomenon, and reducing the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water;
C. after the isolated ecological blanket, the non-woven fabric and the geotextile film are laid, the artificially cultured Eisenia foetida seedlings are added into the polluted soil, about 3000 pieces of-;
D. then, the Eisenia foetida is intensively collected in an electric field driving mode, so that the heavy metal in the Eisenia foetida is prevented from being released into the soil again to cause secondary pollution, and the collected Eisenia foetida is intensively treated;
E. maintaining soil after all the Eisenia foetida is expelled, planting a first batch of heavy metal enrichment restoration plants, selecting the enrichment restoration plants suitable for being planted at the time and in the local, planting according to a certain interval, and simultaneously spraying a sulfur modifier on roots and leaf surfaces for synergistic treatment to strengthen field management;
F. planting a second batch of enrichment restoration plants suitable for being planted at the moment, removing the plants in time after the plants are mature, harvesting and recovering the plants, and determining the number of times of rotation according to the heavy metal restoration efficiency and the planting time limit of the enrichment restoration plants until the heavy metal restoration in the soil completely reaches the standard;
G. finally, planting low-accumulation varieties or local dominant varieties, flexibly planting according to acceptance criteria, further controlling soil pollution and maintaining soil fertility, and fundamentally repairing the problem of heavy metal pollution of the polluted soil.
Preferably, the isolated ecological blanket in the step B is made of plant fibers, is prepared by crushing coconut fibers and straw stalks and mechanically weaving, is 5-10mm thick, is stacked in three layers, and is uniformly added with biochar between layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions.
Preferably, the enrichment restoration plants selected in the step E and the step F are reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and the habit of the enrichment restoration plants, a plant rotation/interplanting mode is adopted for uninterrupted restoration, the enrichment restoration plants are selected from Cu of Duck's tomb and C.densiflora, As of ciliate desert-grass and Bidens macrophylla, Cd of Viola odorata and Solanum nigrum, and Pb of amorpha fruticosa and Amaranthus viridis; the enrichment restoration plant can simultaneously enrich two or more heavy metals, the himalayan teasel root chrysanthemum is rich in Pb and Zn, the winged corydalis herb and the southeast sedum are rich in Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the southeast sinkiang are rich in Pb, Zn and Cd; meanwhile, in the step E, the first batch of enrichment and restoration plants are timely removed and harvested and recovered after being mature, so that heavy metal backflow caused by excessive growth is avoided.
In addition, the invention also discloses an animal and plant cooperative repairing device for site pollution, which comprises a ploughing and stirring machine 100, wherein the ploughing and stirring machine 100 comprises a frame body 2 with an open bottom structure, wheel-type ploughing knives 3 driven by a motor are arranged on two sides of the frame body 2, stirring rods 4 are arranged at the front part in the frame body 2 in an arrangement mode, ploughing shovels 5 arranged in an arrangement mode are connected behind the stirring rods 4, the stirring rods 4 and the ploughing shovels 5 are connected through a connecting belt 15, a stirring box 6 is connected behind the ploughing shovels 5, the stirring box 6 is of a Z-shaped structure, a feeding hole 7 is formed in the bottom of the front wall of the stirring box 6, a discharging hole 11 is formed in the upper part of the rear wall of the stirring box, push rods are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the frame body 2, and a handle 1 is arranged between the push rods.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the bottom of the stirring rod 4 is of a auger structure, the upper end of the stirring rod 4 is connected with a vertically downward output shaft of a second motor 20, the upper part of the second motor 20 is mounted on the bottom surface of the first connecting plate 18, and the first connecting plate 18 is connected with the sliding mechanism. Slide mechanism includes the electronic slip table 19 of level setting, and electronic slip table 19 is installed on frame 2 both sides inner wall, 18 both ends of first connecting plate all link to each other with electronic slip table 19's active cell 17, and active cell 17 links to each other with ploughing shovel 5 through connecting band 15. The upper end of the turning shovel 5 is connected to the bottom surface of a second connecting plate 21, and the upper part of the second connecting plate 21 is connected with a connecting belt 15; and the two ends of the second connecting plate 21 are limited in the vertical direction through limiting components. The limiting assembly comprises limiting plates 12 which are arranged in pairs, and the vertical limiting grooves 13 formed between the limiting plates 12 on the two sides limit the second connecting plate 21; the connecting band 15 on the second connecting plate 21 sequentially bypasses the first drum 14 on the top of the limiting plate 12 and the second drum 16 on the inner wall of the frame 2, and is finally connected with the mover 17.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, two sides of the stirring box 6 are connected to the inner wall of the frame 2, the rear end of the feed port 7 of the stirring box 6 is connected to a transverse channel, a dosing pump is arranged above the transverse channel, the rear end of the transverse channel is an ascending channel 9, and the top of the ascending channel 9 is communicated with the discharge port 11; stirring and lifting mechanisms are arranged in the ascending channel 9. Stirring hoist mechanism includes the (mixing) shaft, is provided with stirring vane 8 on the (mixing) shaft, stirring vane 8 is helical blade, and the (mixing) shaft upper end stretches out outside 6 bottom plates of agitator tank and is provided with sprocket 23 on the top, and each sprocket 23 passes through chain 22 and links to each other with first motor 10, and first motor 10 sets up on 6 roofs of agitator tank.
In conclusion, the method activates the Eisenia foetida by utilizing the activation effect on the heavy metal in the soil in the activity process of the Eisenia foetida, realizes the efficient extraction and restoration of the site pollution heavy metal by combining the addition of the plant-promoting heavy metal extracting agent, improves the subsequent plant absorption efficiency, and then extracts the Eisenia foetida from the soil by utilizing the heavy metal enrichment restoration plant, can be used for restoring the site pollution heavy metal pollution, and can improve the content of humus and organic acid in the soil and promote the growth of the plant in the process of degrading the organic waste in the soil. Meanwhile, the invention preferably selects a plant heavy metal promotion extractant which mainly comprises elemental sulfur and nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, has multiple beneficial effects, can effectively promote pollution remediation, and can be mixed with soil more uniformly through a purposefully designed ploughing and stirring machine, so that the remediation efficiency and effect are effectively improved.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An animal and plant cooperative remediation method for site pollution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. firstly, setting the depth of a polluted soil layer in a polluted soil plot polluted by heavy metals determined by field adjustment, then carrying out heel turning, crushing and digging-out pretreatment, and standing for about 5-7 days to naturally release the heavy metals in the polluted soil and maintain dynamic balance;
B. then laying an isolated ecological blanket, non-woven fabrics and a geotextile film, preventing the Eisenia foetida generated by Eisenia foetida in the moving process from forming a dominant flow phenomenon, and reducing the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water;
C. after the isolated ecological blanket, the non-woven fabric and the geotextile film are laid, the artificially cultured Eisenia foetida seedlings are added into the polluted soil, about 3000 pieces of the earthworms are added into each mu, so that the Eisenia foetida seedlings freely grow and move in the soil for 18 to 22 days, meanwhile, a plant promotion heavy metal extracting agent is added into the soil, and the soil is ploughed and stirred by a ploughing and stirring machine (100) to be uniformly mixed in the soil;
D. then, the Eisenia foetida is intensively collected in an electric field driving mode, so that the heavy metal in the Eisenia foetida is prevented from being released into the soil again to cause secondary pollution, and the collected Eisenia foetida is intensively treated;
E. maintaining soil after all the Eisenia foetida is expelled, planting a first batch of heavy metal enrichment restoration plants, selecting the enrichment restoration plants suitable for being planted at the time and in the local, planting according to a certain interval, and simultaneously spraying a sulfur modifier on roots and leaf surfaces for synergistic treatment to strengthen field management;
F. planting a second batch of enrichment restoration plants suitable for being planted at the moment, removing the plants in time after the plants are mature, harvesting and recovering the plants, and determining the number of times of rotation according to the heavy metal restoration efficiency and the planting time limit of the enrichment restoration plants until the heavy metal restoration in the soil completely reaches the standard;
G. finally, planting low-accumulation varieties or local dominant varieties, flexibly planting according to acceptance criteria, further controlling soil pollution and maintaining soil fertility, and fundamentally repairing the problem of heavy metal pollution of the polluted soil.
2. The animal and plant cooperative restoration method for site pollution according to claim 1, wherein the isolated ecological blanket in the step B is made of plant fibers, is prepared by crushing coconut shreds and straw stalks and mechanically weaving, is 5-10mm thick, is stacked in three layers, and is uniformly added with biochar between layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions.
3. The animal and plant cooperative restoration method for site pollution according to claim 1, wherein the enrichment restoration plants selected in the steps E and F are reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and habit thereof, and are continuously restored by adopting a plant rotation/interplanting mode, wherein the enrichment restoration plants are selected from Cu of Duck's tomb and C.tenella, As of ciliate desert grass and Large leaf clover, Cd of Viola odorata and Solanum nigrum, Pb of amorpha fruticosa and Amaranthus viridis; the enrichment restoration plant can simultaneously enrich two or more heavy metals, the himalayan teasel root chrysanthemum is rich in Pb and Zn, the winged corydalis herb and the southeast sedum are rich in Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the southeast sinkiang are rich in Pb, Zn and Cd; meanwhile, in the step E, the first batch of enrichment and restoration plants are timely removed and harvested and recovered after being mature, so that heavy metal backflow caused by excessive growth is avoided.
4. The animal and plant cooperative repair device for site pollution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising a plowing and stirring machine (100), wherein the plowing and stirring machine (100) comprises a frame body (2) with an open bottom structure, motor-driven wheel-type plowing knives (3) are arranged on two sides of the frame body (2), stirring rods (4) are arranged in the frame body (2) at the front part, plowing shovels (5) arranged behind the stirring rods (4) are connected, the stirring rods (4) and the plowing shovels (5) are connected through a connecting belt (15), the plowing shovels (5) are connected with a stirring box (6) at the rear part, the stirring box (6) is of a Z-shaped structure, a feeding port (7) is formed at the bottom of the front wall of the stirring box (6), a discharging port (11) is formed at the upper part of the rear wall, push rods are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the frame body (2), a handle (1) is arranged between the push rods.
5. An animal and plant cooperative restoration device for site pollution according to claim 4, wherein the bottom of the stirring rod (4) is of an auger structure, the upper end of the stirring rod (4) is connected with a vertically downward output shaft of a second motor (20), the upper part of the second motor (20) is installed on the bottom surface of the first connecting plate (18), and the first connecting plate (18) is connected with a sliding mechanism.
6. The animal and plant cooperative repair method and device for site pollution according to claim 5, wherein the sliding mechanism comprises an electric sliding table (19) which is horizontally arranged, the electric sliding table (19) is installed on the inner walls of two sides of the frame body (2), two ends of the first connecting plate (18) are connected with a rotor (17) of the electric sliding table (19), and the rotor (17) is connected with the ploughing shovel (5) through a connecting belt (15).
7. The animal and plant cooperative repair method and device for site pollution according to claim 6, wherein the upper end of the ploughing shovel (5) is connected to the bottom surface of the second connecting plate (21), and the upper part of the second connecting plate (21) is connected with the connecting belt (15); and two ends of the second connecting plate (21) are limited in the vertical direction through limiting assemblies.
8. The animal and plant cooperative restoration method and device for site pollution according to claim 7, wherein the limiting assembly comprises limiting plates (12) arranged in pairs, and vertical limiting grooves (13) formed between the limiting plates (12) at two sides limit the second connecting plate (21); and the connecting belt (15) on the second connecting plate (21) sequentially bypasses the first rotary drum (14) at the top of the limiting plate (12) and the second rotary drum (16) on the inner wall of the frame body (2) to be finally connected with the rotor (17).
9. The animal and plant cooperative repair method and device for site pollution according to claim 4, wherein two sides of the stirring tank (6) are connected to the inner wall of the frame body (2), the rear end of a feed inlet (7) of the stirring tank (6) is connected with a transverse channel, a dosing pump is arranged above the transverse channel, the rear end of the transverse channel is a lifting channel (9), and the top of the lifting channel (9) is communicated with a discharge outlet (11); stirring and lifting mechanisms are arranged in the ascending channel (9).
10. The animal and plant cooperative restoration method and device for site pollution according to claim 9, wherein the stirring lifting mechanism comprises a stirring shaft, stirring blades (8) are arranged on the stirring shaft, the stirring blades (8) are helical blades, the upper end of the stirring shaft extends out of the bottom plate of the stirring box (6), chain wheels (23) are arranged at the top end of the stirring shaft, each chain wheel (23) is connected with the first motor (10) through a chain (22), and the first motor (10) is arranged on the top plate of the stirring box (6).
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