CN114160567B - Animal and plant cooperative repair method and device for site pollution - Google Patents
Animal and plant cooperative repair method and device for site pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN114160567B CN114160567B CN202111305060.0A CN202111305060A CN114160567B CN 114160567 B CN114160567 B CN 114160567B CN 202111305060 A CN202111305060 A CN 202111305060A CN 114160567 B CN114160567 B CN 114160567B
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention discloses an animal and plant cooperative restoration method and a device for site pollution, which belong to the technical field of soil restoration, and utilize Eisenia baronii to play roles in resisting heavy metal, enriching and absorbing the Eisenia baronii and activating heavy metal in the process of activating Eisenia baronii in the process of heavy metal polluted soil, the activity of heavy metal is increased after the heavy metal is activated, the extractable state content is increased, then plant heavy metal extractant is added, and a stirring machine with a targeted design is adopted to uniformly mix with the soil, so that the plant absorption utilization amount is improved, and simultaneously, the humus and organic acid content in the soil can be improved in the process of degrading organic waste of the soil, so that plant growth is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to an animal and plant cooperative remediation method and device for site pollution.
Background
Along with the economic development, social progress and improvement of the living environment requirements of people in modern industry and city, the urban and industrialized processes are accelerated in China, meanwhile, the demands of China on mineral resources and water resources are also rapidly increased, and the heavy metals are easy to enrich and difficult to degrade, so that the problem of heavy metal pollution in places in China is caused. Site heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem and has long become a focus of attention. With the implementation of policies such as structural reform at the supply side in China, industrial structure adjustment generates a large amount of heavy metal pollution sites left by industrial enterprises. The number of the pollution sites (i.e. non-agricultural pollution soil) in China is 10-100 tens of thousands, and the treatment of the heavy metal pollution of the visible sites is urgent.
The method for repairing the heavy metal contaminated soil mainly comprises three types of physical repair, chemical repair and biological repair. The physical and chemical repairing method requires special facility equipment and professional technicians, is relatively expensive in general cost, can cause secondary pollution, and is difficult to popularize and apply on a large scale. The bioremediation, especially the phytoremediation technology in the bioremediation, can be implemented in situ, is low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and has good application prospect. Compared with other technologies for treating heavy metal contaminated soil, the biological repair technology has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, no secondary pollution, wide application range and the like, is a repair technology with obvious advantages for replacing physicochemical repair, and mainly comprises animal repair, plant repair and microorganism repair technologies. The phytoremediation technology is characterized in that a great amount of heavy metal elements in soil are transferred into plants (particularly aerial parts) by utilizing certain plants with heavy metal enrichment capability, the heavy metals can be removed from the soil body after the plants are harvested and properly treated (such as ashing recovery), so that the aim of soil remediation is fulfilled.
At present, various methods for treating heavy metal pollution exist, and the common methods are mainly physical and chemical methods, such as chemical leaching, landfill, incineration, electrolysis, soil improvement and the like, and although the methods have remarkable effects in a short period, the methods have high cost and are easy to form secondary pollution. In recent years, chemical stabilization technology has been developed rapidly, that is, adding some active substances such as lime, zeolite, phosphate and the like into contaminated soil, increasing the adsorptivity of heavy metals in the soil by changing the physicochemical properties of the soil, and facilitating the generation of active surface precipitates, or directly reacting with heavy metals to form precipitates and complexes with small ecological solubility, thereby reducing the effective concentration of heavy metals in the soil, reducing the bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals, so as to achieve the purposes of restoring contaminated soil and maintaining healthy grain production, but the technology may cause phosphorus element leaching in local areas, lack of medium or trace elements necessary for plants, soil acidification and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an animal and plant collaborative restoration method and device for site pollution, which utilize Eisenia foetida to play roles in resisting heavy metal, enriching and absorbing Eisenia foetida and activating heavy metal in the process of activating Eisenia foetida in the process of heavy metal polluted soil restoration, the activity of heavy metal is increased after activated, the extractable state content is increased, then plant heavy metal extractant is added, and a stirring machine with targeted design is adopted to mix with soil uniformly, so that the plant absorption utilization amount is improved, and meanwhile, the humus and organic acid content in soil can be improved in the process of degrading organic waste of the soil, so that plant growth is promoted, and humic acid provides certain nutrients for the soil. The method is easy to implement, simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, easy to manage, high in heavy metal removal efficiency, and capable of improving ecological environment and protecting land resources.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an animal and plant cooperative repair method for site pollution comprises the following steps:
A. firstly, setting a polluted soil block subjected to field adjustment to determine heavy metal pollution to a depth of a polluted soil layer, then performing heel turning, crushing and digging out pretreatment, and standing for about 5-7 days to naturally release heavy metals in the polluted soil and maintain dynamic balance;
B. then laying an isolation ecological blanket, non-woven fabrics and geotechnical cloth films to prevent the phenomenon that Eisenia foetida holes form a dominant stream in the process of activity, so that the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water is reduced;
C. after the isolation ecological blanket, the non-woven fabric and the geotextile film are paved, artificial cultivated Eisenia foetida seedlings are added into the polluted soil, 3000-5000 seedlings are added per mu, the Eisenia foetida seedlings grow freely in the soil and move for 18-22 days, meanwhile, plant heavy metal extractant is added into the soil, and the soil is ploughed by a ploughing and stirring machine and is uniformly mixed in the soil;
D. then, the Eisenia foetida is intensively collected in an electric field driving mode, so that secondary pollution caused by heavy metal in Eisenia foetida body released into soil again is prevented, and collected Eisenia foetida is intensively treated;
E. curing soil after all the Eisenia foetida is driven out, planting a first batch of heavy metal enrichment and repair plants, selecting enrichment and repair plants which are suitable for being planted at the moment and locally, planting the enrichment and repair plants according to a certain interval, and simultaneously assisting in spraying sulfur modifier on root and leaf surfaces for cooperative treatment so as to enhance field management;
F. planting a second batch of enrichment repair plants which are suitable for being planted at the time, timely removing and harvesting after the second batch of enrichment repair plants are mature, and recovering the second batch of enrichment repair plants, wherein the step can determine the rotation number according to the heavy metal repair efficiency and the enrichment repair plant planting time limit until the heavy metal repair in the soil completely reaches the standard;
G. finally, planting low-accumulation varieties or local dominant varieties, and flexibly planting according to acceptance criteria, further controlling soil pollution and maintaining soil fertility, and fundamentally repairing the heavy metal pollution problem of the polluted soil.
Furthermore, the isolation ecological blanket in the step B is made of plant fibers by crushing coconut shreds and straw stalks and mechanically weaving, the thickness of the isolation ecological blanket is 5-10mm, three layers are overlapped, and biochar is uniformly added between the layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions.
Further, the enrichment repair plants selected in the step E and the step F are reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and habit, a plant rotation/interplanting mode is adopted for uninterrupted repair, the enrichment repair plants are selected from Cu which is Duck grass and Armillariella mellea, as which is ciliate desert-grass and large leaf well head side grass, cd which is Viola baoshanensis and Solanum nigrum, and Pb which is amorpha fruticosa and copperleaf; the method can simultaneously enrich two or more heavy metal enrichment repair plants, wherein the dipsacus root chrysanthemum enriches Pb and Zn, the yellow-corydaline and the southeast rhodiola root enrich Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the conical Arabidopsis thaliana enrich Pb, zn and Cd; meanwhile, in the step E, after the first batch of enrichment repair plants are ripe, the first batch of enrichment repair plants are timely removed, harvested and recovered, and heavy metal reflux caused by overgrowth is avoided.
In addition, the invention also discloses an animal and plant cooperative repairing device for site pollution, which comprises a ploughing and stirring machine, wherein the ploughing and stirring machine comprises a frame body with an opening structure at the bottom, wheel ploughing cutters driven by motors are arranged at two sides of the frame body, stirring rods are arranged at the front part in the frame body, ploughing shovels arranged behind the stirring rods are connected with the ploughing shovels through connecting belts, the ploughing shovels are connected with stirring boxes in a Z-shaped structure, a feed inlet is formed in the bottom of the front wall of each stirring box, a discharge outlet is formed in the upper part of the rear wall of each stirring box, pushing rods are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the frame body, and handles are arranged between the pushing rods.
Further, the stirring rod bottom is spiral drilling rod structure, and the stirring rod upper end links to each other with the vertical decurrent output shaft of second motor, and second motor upper portion is installed in first connecting plate bottom surface, and first connecting plate links to each other with slide mechanism.
Further, the sliding mechanism comprises an electric sliding table which is horizontally arranged, the electric sliding table is arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the frame body, two ends of the first connecting plate are connected with a rotor of the electric sliding table, and the rotor is connected with the tillage shovel through a connecting belt.
Further, the upper end of the tillage shovel is connected to the bottom surface of the second connecting plate, and the upper part of the second connecting plate is connected with the connecting belt; and two ends of the second connecting plate are limited in the vertical direction through limiting assemblies.
Further, the limiting assembly comprises limiting plates arranged in pairs, and a vertical limiting groove formed between the limiting plates at two sides limits the second connecting plate; the connecting belt on the second connecting plate sequentially bypasses the first rotary drum at the top of the limiting plate and the second rotary drum on the inner wall of the frame body to be finally connected with the rotor.
Further, two sides of the stirring box are connected to the inner wall of the frame body, the rear end of a feed inlet of the stirring box is connected with a transverse channel, a dosing pump is arranged above the transverse channel, the rear end of the transverse channel is a rising channel, and the top of the rising channel is communicated with a discharge hole; and stirring and lifting mechanisms are arranged in the lifting channels.
Further, stirring elevating system includes the (mixing) shaft, is provided with stirring vane on the (mixing) shaft, stirring vane is helical blade, and the (mixing) shaft upper end stretches out outside the agitator tank bottom plate and is provided with the sprocket on the top, and each sprocket passes through the chain and links to each other with first motor, and first motor sets up on the agitator tank roof.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is used as a technical scheme for animal and plant collaborative remediation of site pollution, utilizes activation of soil heavy metal in the process of limnodrilus barkii activity to activate the limnodrilus barkii, combines a plant heavy metal extraction promoting agent to realize efficient extraction and remediation of site pollution heavy metal, improves the subsequent phytoremediation efficiency, and then utilizes heavy metal enrichment remediation plants to absorb and extract the heavy metal.
1. According to the method, the plant heavy metal extracting agent is added, so that the high-efficiency extraction and restoration of the site pollution heavy metal are realized, the subsequent plant absorption efficiency is improved, and then the heavy metal enrichment restoration plant is utilized to extract the plant heavy metal from the soil.
2. The invention preferably provides a plant-promoting heavy metal extracting agent, which mainly comprises elemental sulfur and phosphide nitrogen, and has the main effects of: (1) activating microorganism, and increasing microorganism activity to accelerate migration rate of originally activated heavy metal to plant rhizosphere, thereby being more beneficial to plant absorption and extraction; (2) on the other hand, the fertilizer can also be used as a nitrogen source of microorganisms and a nutrient of sulfur bacteria, so that heavy metals in the soil, which are wrapped in the closed-storage phosphorus, are further activated, and the absorbable state quantity of the heavy metals is increased; (3) meanwhile, the activated phosphorus element, the added nitrogen element and the added sulfur element can promote plant growth, increase plant growth speed and further improve heavy metal absorption.
3. The enrichment repair plants selected by the invention are reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and habit, and the enrichment repair plants are continuously repaired by adopting a plant rotation/interplanting mode, and the seed selection of the enrichment repair plants is as follows: cu is herba Duchesneae Indicae and herba Fimbristylis Dichotomae, as is herba Centipedae and herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, cd is herba Violae Baoshanensis and herba Solani Nigri, and Pb is herba Amaranthi Tricoloris and herba Acalyphae; the method can also enrich two or more heavy metal enrichment repair plants simultaneously, wherein the dipsacus root chrysanthemum enriches Pb and Zn, the yellow-corydaline and the southeast rhodiola root enrich Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the conical Arabidopsis thaliana enrich Pb, zn and Cd.
4. According to the invention, a layer of isolation ecological blanket is paved below polluted soil, and a layer of non-woven fabric and geotextile film are padded below the isolation ecological blanket to prevent heavy metals from migrating downwards; the isolation ecological blanket is made of shredded coconut and straw stalk, has thickness of about 5-10mm, is overlapped by three layers, is uniformly added with biochar between layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions, prevents the phenomenon that Eisenia foetida holes generated in the activity process of Eisenia foetida form a dominant stream, and reduces the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water.
5. According to the method, while the heavy metal is effectively removed, the Eisenia foetida can also improve the soil condition, promote the soil nutrient circulation, improve the plant yield and promote the plant growth, so that the repair efficiency of the plant on the heavy metal is affected, and the relationship among the existing soil, fertilizer and plant can be effectively relieved.
6. The invention adopts the turning and stirring machine to carry out the key operation of promoting the mixing of the plant heavy metal extractant and the soil, ensures the uniformity of mixing and improves the repairing efficiency and effect. Wherein, the front part in the frame body of the tillage and stirring machine is provided with stirring rods which are arranged in an arrangement way, and the stirring rods can be driven by an electric sliding table to move back and forth; the rear of the stirring rod is provided with a liftable tillage shovel, and the tillage shovel is connected with a rotor of the electric sliding table through a connecting belt, so that the stirring rod drives the tillage shovel to adjust the height, and simultaneously, the tillage shovel is provided with an up-down buffering allowance, so that the tillage shovel is prevented from being damaged easily due to excessive hard collision; and the intermittent type of accessible framework is gone forward and is ploughed and stir to soil in a segmented meticulous, specifically is when the puddler carries out the forward movement with soil operation that loosens the soil, and the active cell forward movement drives and turns over and plough the shovel and rise, drives the stirring shovel when the puddler backward movement and moves down, and the stirring shovel moves down the back and promotes the framework through the handle and go forward, and accessible stirring shovel turns over and ploughs, and the soil after ploughing is fed through the feed inlet of agitator tank to add the medicine through the charge pump, and helical blade in the rethread rising passageway carries out more thorough stirring, guarantees the homogeneity of mixing.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the tillage and stirring machine of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the tillage and stirring machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the stirring rod to the tillage spade of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the mixing tank of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the position of the connecting band of the present invention.
The text labels in the figures are expressed as: 1. A handle; 2. a frame; 3. turning over the tillage knife; 4. a stirring rod; 5. turning over the shovel; 6. a stirring tank; 7. a feed inlet; 8. stirring blades; 9. a rising channel; 10. a first motor; 11. a discharge port; 12. a limiting plate; 13. a limit groove; 14. a first drum; 15. a connecting belt; 16. a second drum; 17. a mover; 18. a first connection plate; 19. an electric sliding table; 20. a second motor; 21. a second connecting plate; 22. a chain; 23. a sprocket; 100. a ploughing and stirring machine.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The animal and plant cooperative repair method for site pollution comprises the following steps:
A. firstly, setting a polluted soil block subjected to field adjustment to determine heavy metal pollution to a depth of a polluted soil layer, then performing heel turning, crushing and digging out pretreatment, and standing for about 5-7 days to naturally release heavy metals in the polluted soil and maintain dynamic balance;
B. then laying an isolation ecological blanket, non-woven fabrics and geotechnical cloth films to prevent the phenomenon that Eisenia foetida holes form a dominant stream in the process of activity, so that the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water is reduced;
C. after the isolation ecological blanket, the non-woven fabric and the geotextile film are paved, adding artificial-cultivated Eisenia foetida seedlings into the polluted soil, wherein 3000-5000 seedlings are added per mu to enable the Eisenia foetida seedlings to grow freely in the soil and move for 18-22 days, simultaneously adding plant heavy metal extracting agents into the soil, and turning and stirring the soil by using a turning and stirring machine 100 to uniformly mix the soil;
D. then, the Eisenia foetida is intensively collected in an electric field driving mode, so that secondary pollution caused by heavy metal in Eisenia foetida body released into soil again is prevented, and collected Eisenia foetida is intensively treated;
E. curing soil after all the Eisenia foetida is driven out, planting a first batch of heavy metal enrichment and repair plants, selecting enrichment and repair plants which are suitable for being planted at the moment and locally, planting the enrichment and repair plants according to a certain interval, and simultaneously assisting in spraying sulfur modifier on root and leaf surfaces for cooperative treatment so as to enhance field management;
F. planting a second batch of enrichment repair plants which are suitable for being planted at the time, timely removing and harvesting after the second batch of enrichment repair plants are mature, and recovering the second batch of enrichment repair plants, wherein the step can determine the rotation number according to the heavy metal repair efficiency and the enrichment repair plant planting time limit until the heavy metal repair in the soil completely reaches the standard;
G. finally, planting low-accumulation varieties or local dominant varieties, and flexibly planting according to acceptance criteria, further controlling soil pollution and maintaining soil fertility, and fundamentally repairing the heavy metal pollution problem of the polluted soil.
Preferably, the isolation ecological blanket in the step B is made of plant fibers by crushing coconut shreds and straw stalks and mechanically weaving, wherein the thickness of the isolation ecological blanket is 5-10mm, three layers are overlapped, and biochar is uniformly added between the layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions.
Preferably, the enrichment repair plants selected in the step E and the step F are reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and habit, a plant rotation/interplanting mode is adopted for uninterrupted repair, the enrichment repair plants are selected from Cu which is Duck grass and Armillariella mellea, as which is ciliate desert-grass and large leaf well head side grass, cd which is Viola baoshanensis and Solanum nigrum, and Pb which is amorpha fruticosa and copperleaf; the method can simultaneously enrich two or more heavy metal enrichment repair plants, wherein the dipsacus root chrysanthemum enriches Pb and Zn, the yellow-corydaline and the southeast rhodiola root enrich Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the conical Arabidopsis thaliana enrich Pb, zn and Cd; meanwhile, in the step E, after the first batch of enrichment repair plants are ripe, the first batch of enrichment repair plants are timely removed, harvested and recovered, and heavy metal reflux caused by overgrowth is avoided.
In addition, the invention also discloses an animal and plant cooperative repairing device for site pollution, which comprises a tillage and stirring machine 100, wherein the tillage and stirring machine 100 comprises a frame body 2 with an opening structure at the bottom, wheel tillage cutters 3 driven by motors are arranged at two sides of the frame body 2, stirring rods 4 are arranged in the front of the frame body 2, tillage shovels 5 arranged behind the stirring rods 4 are connected with the tillage shovels 5 through connecting belts 15, the tillage shovels 5 are connected with stirring boxes 6 behind the stirring shovels 5, the stirring boxes 6 are of Z-shaped structures, a feed inlet 7 is formed in the bottom of the front wall of each stirring box 6, a discharge outlet 11 is formed in the upper part of the rear wall of each stirring box 6, push rods are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the frame body 2, and handles 1 are arranged between the push rods.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the bottom of the stirring rod 4 is a spiral drill rod structure, the upper end of the stirring rod 4 is connected to a vertically downward output shaft of the second motor 20, the upper portion of the second motor 20 is mounted on the bottom surface of the first connecting plate 18, and the first connecting plate 18 is connected to the sliding mechanism. The sliding mechanism comprises an electric sliding table 19 which is horizontally arranged, the electric sliding table 19 is arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the frame body 2, two ends of a first connecting plate 18 are connected with a rotor 17 of the electric sliding table 19, and the rotor 17 is connected with the tillage shovel 5 through a connecting belt 15. The upper end of the tillage shovel 5 is connected to the bottom surface of the second connecting plate 21, and the upper part of the second connecting plate 21 is connected with the connecting belt 15; the two ends of the second connecting plate 21 are limited in the vertical direction through limiting components. The limiting assembly comprises limiting plates 12 arranged in pairs, and vertical limiting grooves 13 formed between the limiting plates 12 on two sides limit the second connecting plate 21; the connecting belt 15 on the second connecting plate 21 sequentially bypasses the first rotary drum 14 on the top of the limiting plate 12 and the second rotary drum 16 on the inner wall of the frame body 2, and finally is connected with the rotor 17.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, two sides of the stirring tank 6 are connected to the inner wall of the frame 2, the rear end of the feed inlet 7 of the stirring tank 6 is connected to a transverse channel, a dosing pump is arranged above the transverse channel, the rear end of the transverse channel is provided with a lifting channel 9, and the top of the lifting channel 9 is communicated with the discharge outlet 11; and stirring and lifting mechanisms are arranged in the lifting channels 9. The stirring and lifting mechanism comprises a stirring shaft, stirring blades 8 are arranged on the stirring shaft, the stirring blades 8 are spiral blades, the upper end of the stirring shaft extends out of the bottom plate of the stirring box 6, chain wheels 23 are arranged at the top end of the stirring shaft, each chain wheel 23 is connected with a first motor 10 through a chain 22, and the first motor 10 is arranged on the top plate of the stirring box 6.
In conclusion, the activation of the heavy metals in the soil in the activity process of the Eisenia foetida is utilized, the plant-promoting heavy metal extractant is combined, the high-efficiency extraction and restoration of the on-site pollution heavy metals are realized, the subsequent plant absorption efficiency is improved, the heavy metal enrichment restoration plant is utilized to extract the heavy metals from the soil, the restoration treatment of the on-site pollution heavy metals can be utilized, and meanwhile, the content of humus and organic acid in the soil can be improved in the process of degrading the organic wastes of the soil by the Eisenia foetida, and the plant growth is promoted. Meanwhile, the plant-promoting heavy metal extracting agent is preferably selected, mainly comprises elemental sulfur and phosphide nitrogen, has multiple beneficial effects, can effectively promote pollution restoration, and can be more uniformly mixed with soil through a specifically designed ploughing and stirring machine, so that restoration efficiency and restoration effect are effectively improved.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein and the above examples have been presented only to assist in understanding the method of the present invention and its core ideas; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (5)
1. The animal and plant collaborative restoration method for site pollution is characterized by comprising a turning and stirring machine (100), wherein the turning and stirring machine (100) comprises a frame body (2) with an opening structure at the bottom, wheel-type turning cutters (3) driven by motors are arranged at two sides of the frame body (2), stirring rods (4) are arranged in the front of the frame body (2), the stirring rods (4) are connected with turning shovels (5) arranged in a rear-connection mode, the stirring rods (4) are connected with the turning shovels (5) through connecting belts (15), the turning shovels (5) are connected with stirring boxes (6) in a Z-shaped structure, feed inlets (7) are formed in the bottoms of front walls of the stirring boxes (6), discharge outlets (11) are formed in the upper parts of rear walls of the stirring boxes (6), push rods are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the frame body (2), and handles (1) are arranged between the push rods; the bottom of the stirring rod (4) is of a spiral drill rod structure, the upper end of the stirring rod (4) is connected with a vertically downward output shaft of a second motor (20), the upper part of the second motor (20) is arranged on the bottom surface of a first connecting plate (18), and the first connecting plate (18) is connected with a sliding mechanism; the sliding mechanism comprises an electric sliding table (19) which is horizontally arranged, the electric sliding table (19) is arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the frame body (2), two ends of the first connecting plate (18) are connected with a rotor (17) of the electric sliding table (19), and the rotor (17) is connected with the tillage shovel (5) through a connecting belt (15); the upper end of the tillage shovel (5) is connected to the bottom surface of the second connecting plate (21), and the upper part of the second connecting plate (21) is connected with the connecting belt (15); two ends of the second connecting plate (21) are limited in the vertical direction through limiting components; the limiting assembly comprises limiting plates (12) arranged in pairs, and vertical limiting grooves (13) formed between the limiting plates (12) on two sides limit the second connecting plate (21); the connecting belt (15) on the second connecting plate (21) sequentially bypasses the first rotary drum (14) at the top of the limiting plate (12) and the second rotary drum (16) on the inner wall of the frame body (2) to be finally connected with the rotor (17);
the method comprises the following steps:
A. firstly, setting a polluted soil block subjected to field adjustment to determine heavy metal pollution to a depth of a polluted soil layer, then carrying out tillage, crushing and digging out pretreatment, and standing for 5-7 days to naturally release heavy metals in the polluted soil and maintain dynamic balance;
B. then laying an isolation ecological blanket, non-woven fabrics and geotechnical cloth films to prevent the phenomenon that Eisenia foetida holes form a dominant stream in the process of activity, so that the risk of heavy metal pollution to underground water is reduced;
C. after the isolation ecological blanket, the non-woven fabric and the geotextile film are paved, artificial cultivated Eisenia foetida seedlings are added into the polluted soil, 3000-5000 seedlings are added per mu, the Eisenia foetida seedlings grow freely in the soil and move for 18-22 days, meanwhile, plant heavy metal extractant promoting agents are added into the soil, and the soil is ploughed and stirred by a ploughing and stirring machine (100) to be uniformly mixed in the soil;
D. then, the Eisenia foetida is intensively collected in an electric field driving mode, so that secondary pollution caused by heavy metal in Eisenia foetida body released into soil again is prevented, and collected Eisenia foetida is intensively treated;
E. curing soil after all the Eisenia foetida is driven out, planting a first batch of heavy metal enrichment and repair plants, selecting enrichment and repair plants which are suitable for being planted at the moment and locally, planting the enrichment and repair plants according to a certain interval, and simultaneously assisting in spraying sulfur modifier on root and leaf surfaces for cooperative treatment so as to enhance field management;
F. planting a second batch of enrichment repair plants which are suitable for being planted at the time, timely removing and harvesting after the second batch of enrichment repair plants are mature, and determining the rotation number according to the heavy metal repair efficiency and the enrichment repair plant planting time limit until the heavy metal repair in the soil completely reaches the standard;
G. finally, planting low-accumulation varieties or local dominant varieties, and flexibly planting according to acceptance criteria, further controlling soil pollution and maintaining soil fertility, and fundamentally repairing the heavy metal pollution problem of the polluted soil.
2. The animal and plant collaborative restoration method for site pollution according to claim 1, wherein the isolation ecological blanket in the step B is made of plant fiber, broken coconut shreds and straw stalks and woven mechanically, and has a thickness of 5-10mm, and three layers of the isolation ecological blanket are overlapped, and biochar is uniformly added between the layers for stabilizing and adsorbing heavy metal ions.
3. The animal and plant collaborative restoration method for site pollution according to claim 1, wherein the enrichment restoration plants selected in the step E and the step F are reasonably selected according to the growth cycle and the habit, a plant rotation/interplanting mode is adopted for uninterrupted restoration, the enrichment restoration plants are selected from Cu which is herba Duchesneae Indicae and herba Fimbristylis Dichotomae, as which is herba Centipedae and herba Centipedae, cd which is Baoshan violet and herba Solani Nigri, and Pb which is amorpha fruticosa and herba Amaranthi; meanwhile, enriching two or more heavy metals, enriching and repairing plants, wherein the dipsacus root chrysanthemum is rich in Pb and Zn, the corydalis pteris and the sedum alfredii are rich in Cd and Zn, and the ramie and the arabidopsis thaliana are rich in Pb, zn and Cd; meanwhile, in the step E, after the first batch of enrichment repair plants are ripe, the first batch of enrichment repair plants are timely removed, harvested and recovered, and heavy metal reflux caused by overgrowth is avoided.
4. The animal and plant collaborative restoration method for site pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that both sides of the stirring box (6) are connected to the inner wall of the frame body (2), the rear end of a feed inlet (7) of the stirring box (6) is connected with a transverse channel, a dosing pump is arranged above the transverse channel, the rear end of the transverse channel is a lifting channel (9), and the top of the lifting channel (9) is communicated with a discharge outlet (11); and stirring and lifting mechanisms are arranged in the lifting channels (9).
5. The animal and plant collaborative restoration method for site pollution according to claim 4, wherein the stirring and lifting mechanism comprises a stirring shaft, stirring blades (8) are arranged on the stirring shaft, the stirring blades (8) are spiral blades, the upper end of the stirring shaft extends out of a bottom plate of a stirring tank (6) and is provided with chain wheels (23) at the top end, each chain wheel (23) is connected with a first motor (10) through a chain (22), and the first motor (10) is arranged on a top plate of the stirring tank (6).
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN114951244B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-06-06 | 山西农业大学 | Heavy metal contaminated farmland soil restoration device |
| CN115318822B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-10-03 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Device and method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil |
| CN116586422B (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2024-05-31 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for restoring polluted soil based on earthworms and microorganisms |
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| CN103962368B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2016-04-13 | 常州大学 | A kind of animals and plants work in coordination with the technical method repairing cadmium, lead-contaminated soil |
| CN206196286U (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市豪科园林有限公司 | A kind of meadow apparatus for leveling |
| CN106670225A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-05-17 | 成都科创城科技有限公司 | Automatic collection and drug adding integrated equipment for soil remediation |
| CN209844421U (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-12-24 | 广东南帆电器有限公司 | Cable laying construction device |
| CN110238186A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-17 | 诸暨市众创机械设备厂 | A kind of chemical method used in soil remediation equipment based on crank block principle |
| CN111570497A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-25 | 李成 | Based on gardens environmental protection soil repairing device |
| CN111642153B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-07-12 | 刘春茂 | Device for plowing and loosening soil |
| CN112453036A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-09 | 云南大学 | System and method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by utilizing earthworm-plant coupling |
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