CN109127720A - A method of heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency is improved using spray - Google Patents
A method of heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency is improved using spray Download PDFInfo
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- CN109127720A CN109127720A CN201810543515.4A CN201810543515A CN109127720A CN 109127720 A CN109127720 A CN 109127720A CN 201810543515 A CN201810543515 A CN 201810543515A CN 109127720 A CN109127720 A CN 109127720A
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- heteroauxin
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- FAIXYKHYOGVFKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Kinetin Natural products N=1C=NC=2N=CNC=2C=1N(C)C1=CC=CO1 FAIXYKHYOGVFKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QANMHLXAZMSUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N kinetin Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2N=CNC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CO1 QANMHLXAZMSUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229960001669 kinetin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 73
- 241000051984 Blepharidachne Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000223782 Ciliophora Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000143476 Bidens Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000244423 Pteris cretica Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000002594 Solanum nigrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000107360 Vincetoxicum glaucescens Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000010662 Bidens pilosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 101001047513 Mus musculus Lethal(2) giant larvae protein homolog 1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000025852 Eremochloa ophiuroides Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002307 Solanum ptychanthum Species 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 33
- 241000737259 Pteris vittata Species 0.000 description 20
- 244000061457 Solanum nigrum Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000587240 Cynanchum Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 102000003712 Complement factor B Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000056 Complement factor B Proteins 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032823 cell division Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000529738 Picris Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000270955 Achnatherum calamagrostis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001371 Chamaedaphne calyculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013691 Chamaedaphne calyculata var. angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013685 Chamaedaphne calyculata var. latifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013687 Chamaedaphne calyculata var. nana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000737257 Pteris <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011756 Vitis shuttleworthii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000749 chronicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003226 mitogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 rrive Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009758 senescence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of soil remediation more particularly to a kind of method for improving heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency using spray, described in spray be made of heteroauxin and kinetin, the proportion of heteroauxin and kinetin is 25 mgL‑1Heteroauxin and 20 mgL‑1Kinetin, cooperate when planting first to plant leaf blade and rhizosphere surrounding soil and pours spray, the spray described in foliage applying after gathering in every time later, the method of the present invention investment is low with maintenance cost, it is a kind of environmentally friendly method, it can be widely applied to containing in the higher soil remediation of heavy metal, the cultivation for not influencing subsequent soil uses, it is quick to improve phytoremediation efficiency, for middle low pollution soil, only need very short several growth cycles can be by the near perfect condition of heavy metal pollution, as the arsenic content in soil can be reduced 25% by harvesting for the first time, 50% can be reduced after 1 year；18% and 27%, significant effect can be declined respectively by the lead cadmium content in soil after 2 harvestings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of soil remediation more particularly to a kind of use spray to improve heavy metal super-enriched plant
The method of remediation efficiency.
Background technique
Heavy metal pollution of soil is one of global main environment harm, and the first Chinese overall survey of soil is shown, China has nearly 20%
There are the heavy metals exceeding standards such as cadmium, arsenic, mercury, lead, nickel, copper in arable land.Heavy metal pollution of soil has concealment, chronicity and can not
Inverse property, the residence time of pollutant in the soil is long, cannot voluntarily be degraded by plant or microorganism, and main harm includes causing
Soil degradation influences the development of plant roots leaf, causes the reduction of crop yield and quality, but also may be absorbed by crops
Into food chain, seriously affects food safety and jeopardize human health.Therefore, countries in the world are all attached great importance to heavy metal-polluted soil
The Controlling research of pollution.
Common heavy metal pollution recovery technique mainly includes as follows both at home and abroad at present.
(1) engineering reparation such as uses measure for soil moved in improve the original, soil removal and replacement, surface soil and deep ploughing is gone to dig, but these measures can only be shifted
Or dilution pollution, total metals are not also removed really from soil there is no less.Or electric repairing technique is used,
So that heavy metal contaminants is carried over soil by approach such as electromigration, electroosmotic flow or electrophoresis finally cleans contaminated soil,
This method is suitable for the clay and silt soil of hyposmosis, and implementation process is complicated, and investment is high, and operating cost is high.Or use electric heating
Recovery technique generates electromagnetic wave and heat using high frequency voltage, heats to soil, desorb pollutant out of soil particle
Out, accelerate some effumability heavy metals to separate from soil, thus achieve the purpose that reparation, this method simple process, but
Energy consumption is high, and operating cost is high, easily forms uncontrollable secondary pollution.Or use Soil leaching measure, it is easy to operate, investment compared with
It is low, heavy metal in soil concentration can be effectively reduced, but need to consider the collection and processing of leacheate, avoid secondary pollution.
(2) chemical remediation specially throws people's modifying agent or activating agent to soil, it is made to change the acid-base property of soil, oxidation
Reducing condition or ion constitute situation, and then the absorption to heavy metal, redox, antagonism or precipitation have an impact, most
The pollution of final decline low heavy metal, but this method or the contaminated degree of soil can only be improved, it is not reduced total metals,
It is only applicable to light contaminated soil, there is also the deficiencies of bad control.
(3) biological prosthetic, and it is divided into phytoremediation, microorganism remediation and animal reparation etc. three kinds.Phytoremediation technology tool
There are easy to operate, economical and effective and advantages of environment protection and become preferred in numerous recovery techniques, its essence is by certain
The characteristic that a little plant energy super quantities absorptions are enriched with certain Heavy Metallic Elements largely absorbs Enriching soil using solar energy as driving force
In heavy metal, decline the corresponding content of beary metal of soil by gathering in plant.Arsenic can be largely enriched with by having now been found that
Plant is mostly Pteris plant, since ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) be found excess enrichment As since, utilize centipede
Grass (Pteris vittata) repair As contaminated soil and other super enriching plants and repair other heavy metal contamination soil
Just it receives significant attention.However since heavy metal super-enriched plant generally has low germination percentage, slow growth and biomass low etc.
Therefore how defect, regulates and controls raising phytoremediation efficiency and increasingly becomes research hotspot so that repairing efficiency is long, low efficiency.
The Heavy Metal Accumulation amount and biomass for improving super enriching plant are to improve two aspects of phytoremediation efficiency.In order to
Phytoremediation efficiency is improved, people apply a large amount of heavy metallic activation agent in the soil, although promoting plant to heavy metal
Enriching quantity, but environmental risk also is constituted to soil ecosystem and underground water.Much studies have shown that plant hormone is to super enrichment
The growth of plant and Metal uptake have facilitation, and plant heavy metal accumulation amount can be improved by such as adding auxin, also can
Phytomass is improved, is had been reported that, is combined in blade face, soil and the two, after dosed cells mitogen, nickel (Ni) super enriching plantAlyssum muraleBiomass increased separately 53%, 41% and 75%；Zinc (Zn)/cadmium (Cd) super enriching plant Picris divaricata
(Picris divaricata) through 10 and 100 μm of olL-1Heteroauxin (IAA) processing, blade lead (Pb) enriching quantity respectively on
28.4% and 37.3% are risen.
The research majority carried out at present for phytoremediation is this kind of single plant hormone, for matching between hormon
It is still few to improve the research of super enriching plant landfill efficiency to close application.In plant hormone, it is raw that plant is adjusted in auxin
Long development, cell division and elongation, and the basic element of cell division also plays in cell expands and differentiation, seed are sprouted and delay senescence
Key effect.Heteroauxin (IAA) and kinetin (KT) are the Typical Representative of auxin and the basic element of cell division respectively, and ciliate desert-grass
(Pteris vittata) it is therefore the generally acknowledged As super enriching plant in the whole world inquires into the compounding application of heteroauxin and kinetin
Influence to As extraction efficiency, to collaboration using plant hormone to improve super enriching plant to heavy metal pollution soil remediation efficiency
It is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is heavy metal super-enriched to propose that a kind of use spray improves
The method of phytoremediation efficiency improves plant to the accumulation of heavy metal, improves soil remediation efficiency.
In order to achieve this, the present invention provides the following technical solution: it is a kind of using spray improve it is heavy metal super-enriched
The method of phytoremediation efficiency, carry out by following step: the spray is made of heteroauxin and kinetin, wherein
The proportion of heteroauxin and kinetin are as follows: 25 mgL-1Heteroauxin and 20 mgL-1Kinetin；(1), by great Ye well head
Side grass (Pteris cretica L.) or ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) plantation arrives As polluted soil, according to every 10 ~
20cm kind is planted one plant of mode and is planted, or by Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens (Cynanchum anthonyanum Hand.-Mazz) or black nightshade
(Solanum nigrum L.) plant and arrive lead, cadmium pollution soil, it is planted by such a way that 15 ~ 30cm kind plants one plant, or
By Pinnate Beggarticks (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.) plantation is to lead-contaminated soil, according to every the plant of 15 ~ 30cm kind
One plant of mode is planted；(2), suitable fertilising, on-demand watering Irrigation are carried out every other month, and cooperate to plant leaf blade and
Rhizosphere surrounding soil pours spray, and blade and root use ratio are 1:1；(3), when plant growth is to 40 ~ 70cm height
Gathered in for the first time, toothing 8cm hereinafter, gathered in when plant growth is to 40 ~ 70cm height later, toothing 8cm hereinafter,
The spray described in foliage applying after harvesting every time.
Wherein, cretan brake (Pteris cretica L.) or ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) plantation be logical
Cross sporogenesis, Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens (Cynanchum anthonyanum Hand.-Mazz) or black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.),
Pinnate Beggarticks (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.) plantation is directly transplant by seedling separation mode or to pass through seed numerous
It grows after means grow up to seedling and transplants.
Further, gather in cretan brake (Pteris cretica L.) growing height be 40~50cm, toothing
3~5cm；Harvesting ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) growing height be 50~60cm, 3 ~ 5cm of toothing；Gather in Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens
(Cynanchum anthonyanum Hand.-Mazz) or black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) growing height be 50~
60cm, 3 ~ 5cm of toothing；Harvesting Pinnate Beggarticks (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.) growing height be 50~
60cm, 3 ~ 5cm of toothing.
Further, a method of heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency is improved using spray, by following step
Rapid to carry out: the spray is made of heteroauxin and kinetin, wherein the proportion of heteroauxin and kinetin are as follows: 25
The kinetin of the heteroauxin of mgL-1 and 20 mgL-1；(1) cretan brake or ciliate desert-grass, Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens or dragon
The plantation of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is slitting band mixed planting, and every kind of plant is successively spaced, plants several rows, every row inside is with 20cm's or so
Spacing plants ciliate desert-grass and black nightshade, and Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens seed uniform broadcasting is between each plant row；(2) uniform in the ranks every two weeks
It is once loosened the soil and is applied fertilizer, carry out the loose of matrix, and cooperated to plant leaf blade and rhizosphere surrounding soil and pour spray,
Blade and root use ratio are 1:1；(3) it is gathered in for the first time when mixing up plant and grow to 50cm, toothing 4cm, after harvesting, in leaf
Apply the spray in face.
The principle of the invention lies in using cretan brake (Pteris cretica L.) or ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) to the Hyperaccumulation of arsenic, using Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens (Cynanchum anthonyanum Hand.-Mazz) or black nightshade
(Solanum nigrum L.) to the Hyperaccumulation of lead, cadmium and using Pinnate Beggarticks (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.) to the Hyperaccumulation of lead, the arsenic in Enriching soil is largely absorbed by root system, is improved it and is delivered up and is transferred to
The content of overground part, then remove the corresponding heavy metal of soil by gathering in overground part, by multi-harvest or many years
Administering reduces heavy metal content in soil, to complete the purified treatment to soil, improves remediation efficiency.Meanwhile for by more
Heavy metal species contaminated soil can administer simultaneously and remove the corresponding heavy metal of soil by the way of mixed planting.
It compared with prior art, is a kind of ring the invention has the benefit that the method for the present invention investment is low with maintenance cost
Border friendly method can be widely applied to use containing the cultivation in the higher soil remediation of heavy metal, not influencing subsequent soil.This
It is quick that method improves phytoremediation efficiency, for middle low pollution soil, only needs very short several growth cycles can will a huge sum of money
Belong to and pollute near perfect condition, such as harvesting for the first time can reduce 50% after the arsenic content in soil being reduced 25%, 1 year；Pass through 2
Lead cadmium content after secondary harvesting in soil can decline 18% and 27%, significant effect respectively.
Specific embodiment
In order to verify conclusion of the present invention, the orthogonal experiment as shown in table 2 to table 4 has been separately designed.In experiment, the A factor is
Heteroauxin, Factor B are kinetin, and each numerical value respective value difference is as shown in table 1, and following tests data are divided after gathering in for the first time
Analyse the numerical value of measurement.
Table 1: numerical value conversion becomes in orthogonal experiment scheme
| Experiment number | The A factor | Factor B |
| 1 | 0 mg·L-1 | 0 mg·L-1 |
| 2 | 25 mg·L-1 | 20 mg·L-1 |
| 3 | 50 mg·L-1 | 40 mg·L-1 |
| 4 | 100 mg·L-1 | 60 mg·L-1 |
Table 2: the orthogonal experiment scheme table of As is extracted
| Experiment number | The A factor | Factor B | As extraction efficiency % |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.37 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 4.39 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 3.35 |
| 4 | 1 | 4 | 3.34 |
| 5 | 2 | 1 | 3.12 |
| 6 | 2 | 2 | 6.49 |
| 7 | 2 | 3 | 2.22 |
| 8 | 2 | 4 | 4.88 |
| 9 | 3 | 1 | 3.08 |
| 10 | 3 | 2 | 4.4 |
| 11 | 3 | 3 | 2.51 |
| 12 | 3 | 4 | 1.35 |
| 13 | 4 | 1 | 5.23 |
| 14 | 4 | 2 | 2.91 |
| 15 | 4 | 3 | 3.15 |
| 16 | 4 | 4 | 2.51 |
Table 3: the orthogonal experiment scheme table of Cd is extracted
| Experiment number | The A factor | Factor B | Cd extraction efficiency % |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.67 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 3.39 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 3.35 |
| 4 | 1 | 4 | 4.34 |
| 5 | 2 | 1 | 5.12 |
| 6 | 2 | 2 | 6.89 |
| 7 | 2 | 3 | 2.92 |
| 8 | 2 | 4 | 4.68 |
| 9 | 3 | 1 | 4.08 |
| 10 | 3 | 2 | 4.94 |
| 11 | 3 | 3 | 3.51 |
| 12 | 3 | 4 | 2.35 |
| 13 | 4 | 1 | 4.23 |
| 14 | 4 | 2 | 3.11 |
| 15 | 4 | 3 | 3.15 |
| 16 | 4 | 4 | 3.01 |
Table 4: the orthogonal experiment scheme table of Pb is extracted
| Experiment number | The A factor | Factor B | Pb extraction efficiency % |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.07 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 3.39 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 3.05 |
| 4 | 1 | 4 | 2.84 |
| 5 | 2 | 1 | 3.02 |
| 6 | 2 | 2 | 6.09 |
| 7 | 2 | 3 | 3.22 |
| 8 | 2 | 4 | 3.88 |
| 9 | 3 | 1 | 3.08 |
| 10 | 3 | 2 | 4.41 |
| 11 | 3 | 3 | 2.51 |
| 12 | 3 | 4 | 1.05 |
| 13 | 4 | 1 | 4.23 |
| 14 | 4 | 2 | 2.91 |
| 15 | 4 | 3 | 2.95 |
| 16 | 4 | 4 | 2.91 |
Conclusion (of pressure testing): under a certain concentration, heteroauxin and kinetin joint add the heavy metal that can be improved super enriching plant
Cumulant and biomass achieve the purpose that improve phytoremediation efficiency.From cost-effectiveness and effect analysis, most preferably, can be used
25 mg·L-1+ 20 mgL of heteroauxin-1Kinetin match to be formed spray application.
The present invention is by testing conclusion achieved: with 25 mgL-1+ 20 mgL of heteroauxin-1Kinetin
It is best to the effect for improving phytoremediation efficiency to match the spray formed, wherein the extraction efficiency to As is up to 6.49%,
6.89% is up to the extraction efficiency of Pb, Cd, 6.09% is up to the extraction efficiency of Pb.
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
The As content average value of certain As polluted soil is 189mgkg-1Left and right, to be planted every 15cm or so on the soil
One plant of cretan brake (Pteris cretica L.) or ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata).It carries out every other month
Suitable fertilising, on-demand watering Irrigation, and assist pouring blade face and the micro- fertilizer of rhizosphere, specially 25 mgL-1Heteroauxin and 20
mg·L-1The spray that kinetin is made into, it is therefore an objective to promote it to survive, reinforce photosynthesis, and can be by extending the blade longevity
Life, to increase phytomass.When cretan brake (Pteris cretica L.) grow to 40 ~ 50cm, ciliate desert-grass
(Pteris vittata) 50 ~ 60cm is grown to, after generally 5 months, its ground position, toothing 5cm or so are gathered in for the first time.
It is measured through analysis, the As content in soil is by original 189mgkg-1, it is reduced to 142mgkg-1, being equivalent to makes in soil
As content reduce 25%.
After harvesting for the first time and later each harvesting, the spray described in foliage applying.Later whenever cretan brake
(Pteris cretica L.) grow to 40 ~ 50cm or ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) growing height reach 50~60cm
Shi Jinhang harvesting, and 3 ~ 5cm of toothing, general growth can gather in once for 4 months, and the As content in soil is then constantly reduced, finally
90mgkg is down to by the As of soil after 3 harvestings-1.The thus both economical purification soil arsenic pollution of having effectively achieved
Purpose.Harvested material send waste guaveyard security landfill, or carries out the recovery processing of arsenic.
Embodiment 2:
The Pb content of certain lead-contaminated soil is 924.5mgkg-1, with the spacing plantation leatherleaf ghost of 20cm or so on the soil
Needle grass (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.), the loosening an of matrix is carried out every two weeks during plantation and is turned over
It ploughs, and is suitably introduced into the animals such as earthworm and carries out the loose of matrix, while spraying 25 mgL to plant leaf blade and root system-1Indoles
Acetic acid and 20 mgL-1The spray that kinetin is made into, promotion Pinnate Beggarticks (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.) growth while, promote the movement of lead, accelerate plant to the uptake and accumulation of lead.When Pinnate Beggarticks (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.) growing height when reaching 50~60cm, gathered in for the first time, after generally planting 9 months,
Gather in toothing 4cm.It is measured through analysis, before and after kind Pinnate Beggarticks, lead content in soil is from 924.5mgkg-1It is reduced to
801.1mg·kg-1, plumage page beggar-ticks (Bidens maximowicziana Oett.) removal efficiency of Pb in Soil is reached
13%.Show to gather in plant shoot, the lead that can effectively take away in soil realizes clean-up effect.Harvested material send waste guaveyard
Security landfill.
Embodiment 3:
Pb, Cd content of certain soil are respectively 1876.4mgkg-1And 136.7mgkg-1.Soil breaking at be less than 1mm,
The partial size of 3mm and 6mm, and three kinds of partial sizes combined with the ratio of 1:2:1 after tile the thickness of 30cm or so, every the left side 20cm
One plant of Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens of right plantation (Cynanchum anthonyanum Hand.-Mazz).Suitable fertilising is carried out every other month,
On-demand watering Irrigation, and cooperate to the plant page and rhizosphere surrounding soil and pour 25 mgL of sprinkling-1Heteroauxin and 20
mg·L-1The spray that kinetin is made into.When Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens (Cynanchum anthonyanum Hand.-Mazz) grow to 50~
It when 60cm, is gathered in for the first time, 5 months after generally planting.It is measured through analysis, Pb in Soil cadmium content declines 18% He respectively
27%.To continued growth 4 months, gathered in again when reaching 50~60cm, it is continuous by the lead cadmium content in soil after 2 harvestings
It reduces.Harvested material send waste guaveyard security landfill, or carries out the recovery processing of heavy metal.
Embodiment 4:
Certain arsenic, lead, cadmium combined pollution rice soil As, Pb, Cd content be respectively 234.6mgkg-1、716mg·kg-1、
6.73mg·kg-1, on the soil with the spacing of 20cm or so plantation ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata), it is every during plantation
The loosening of matrix is carried out every two weeks and is turned over, and is suitably introduced into the animals such as earthworm and carries out the loose of matrix, and to plant
Object blade and rhizome spray 25 mgL-1Heteroauxin and 20 mgL-1The spray that kinetin is made into promotes ciliate desert-grass
(Pteris vittata) growth while, promote arsenic, lead, cadmium movement, accelerate plant to arsenic, lead, cadmium uptake and accumulation.When
Ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) after the spray prepared by two kinds of hormones applies 2 months, gathered in for the first time, toothing 4cm.
It is measured through analysis, plantation ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) front and back, arsenic content in soil is from 234.6mgkg-1It is reduced to
181.5mg·kg-1, ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) 22.6% is reached to the removal efficiency of arsenic in soil.Lead content in soil
From 716mgkg-1It is reduced to 668mgkg-1, ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) removal efficiency of Pb in Soil is reached
6.7%.Cadmium content in soil is from 6.73mgkg-1It is reduced to 5.24mgkg-1, ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) to soil
The removal efficiency of earth cadmium reaches 22.1%.Show to gather in plant shoot, can effectively take away the arsenic in soil, lead, cadmium and realize only
Change effect.Harvested material send waste guaveyard security landfill.
Embodiment 5:
As, Cd content of certain red soil are respectively 155.4mgkg-1And 2.29mgkg-1.Soil breaking at less than 1mm, 3mm
With the partial size of 6mm, and three kinds of partial sizes combined with the ratio of 1:2:1 after tile the thickness of 30cm or so, every 20cm or so
Plant one plant of ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata).Carry out suitable fertilising every other month, on-demand watering Irrigation, and to plant
Object blade face and rhizome spray 25 mgL-1Heteroauxin and 20 mgL-1The spray that kinetin is made into.Work as ciliate desert-grass
(Pteris vittata) 50 ~ 60cm is grown to, it is gathered in, toothing 4cm or so, after harvesting, is sprayed described in foliage applying for the first time
Apply agent.It is measured through analysis, arsenic in soil, cadmium content decline 8.1% and 16.2% respectively.Later whenever or ciliate desert-grass (Pteris vittata) growing height gathered in when reaching 50~60cm, and 3 ~ 5cm of toothing, general growth can gather in primary for 4 months.
Harvested material send waste guaveyard security landfill, or carries out the recovery processing of heavy metal.
Embodiment 6:
Soil As, Pb, Cd content of certain Tailings Dam periphery combined pollution is respectively 426.1mgkg-1、689.4mg·kg-1、
12.15mg·kg-1, the slitting band mixed planting on the soil, every kind of plant is successively spaced, plants three rows, every row inside is
Ciliate desert-grass and black nightshade are planted with the spacing of 20cm or so, Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens seed uniform broadcasting is between each plant row.Period is every half
It is uniformly once loosened the soil and is applied fertilizer in the ranks within a month, and be suitably introduced into the animals such as earthworm and carry out the loose of matrix, and to plant
Object blade and rhizome spray 25 mgL-1Heteroauxin and 20 mgL-1The spray that kinetin is made into promotes three kinds of plants
While growth, promote arsenic, lead, cadmium movement, accelerate plant to arsenic, lead, cadmium uptake and accumulation.When mixing up, (work) plant is long
It to 50cm, is gathered in for the first time, toothing 4cm or so, after harvesting, applies the spray.It is measured through analysis, mixes up (work) and plant
Before and after object, arsenic content in soil is from 426.1mgkg-1It is reduced to 351.3mgkg-1, mixed planting plant is to arsenic in soil
Removal efficiency reaches 17.5%.Lead content in soil is from 689.4mgkg-1It is reduced to 638.5mgkg-1, plant is to soil
The removal efficiency of lead reaches 7.38%.Cadmium content in soil is from 12.15mgkg-1It is reduced to 9.46mgkg-1, plant is to soil
The removal efficiency of earth cadmium reaches 22.1%.Show to gather in plant shoot, can effectively take away the arsenic in soil, lead, cadmium and realize only
Change effect.Whenever mixing up (work), plant grows to 50cm or so and is gathered in, and toothing 4cm or so later, after harvesting, applies institute
State spray.Harvested material send waste guaveyard security landfill.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than is limited；Although referring to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those of ordinary skill in the art, still can be to aforementioned implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are modified or replace
It changes, the spirit and scope for claimed technical solution of the invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for improving heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency using spray, which is characterized in that by following step
Rapid to carry out: the spray is made of heteroauxin and kinetin, wherein the proportion of heteroauxin and kinetin are as follows: 25
mg·L-1Heteroauxin and 20 mgL-1Kinetin；
By cretan brake or centipede grass planting to As polluted soil, planted by such a way that 10 ~ 20cm kind plants one plant,
Or plant Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens or black nightshade plantation by such a way that 15 ~ 30cm kind plants one plant to lead, cadmium pollution soil, or
By Pinnate Beggarticks plantation to lead-contaminated soil, planted by such a way that 15 ~ 30cm kind plants one plant；
Suitable fertilising, on-demand watering Irrigation are carried out every other month, and are cooperated and poured to plant leaf blade and rhizosphere surrounding soil
Spray is filled, blade and root use ratio are 1:1；
It is gathered in for the first time when plant growth is to 40 ~ 70cm height, toothing 8cm or less；Later whenever plant growth to 40 ~
Gathered in when 70cm height, toothing 8cm hereinafter, every time harvesting after the spray described in foliage applying.
2. the method for improving heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency using spray as described in claim 1, feature exist
In cretan brake or centipede grass planting are by sporogenesis, and Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens or black nightshade, Pinnate Beggarticks plantation are by dividing
Seedling mode is directly transplanted or is transplanted after growing up to seedling by seminal propagation means.
3. the method for improving heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency using spray as described in claim 1, feature exist
In the growing height for gathering in cretan brake is 40~50cm, 3 ~ 5cm of toothing；Gather in ciliate desert-grass growing height be 50~
60cm, 3 ~ 5cm of toothing；The growing height for gathering in Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens or black nightshade is 50~60cm, 3 ~ 5cm of toothing；Gather in Pinnate Beggarticks
Growing height be 50~60cm, 3 ~ 5cm of toothing.
4. the method for improving heavy metal super-enriched plant remediation efficiency using spray as described in claim 1, feature exist
In carry out by following step: the spray is made of heteroauxin and kinetin, wherein heteroauxin and kinetin
Proportion are as follows: the kinetin of the heteroauxin of 25 mgL-1 and 20 mgL-1；
(1) plantation of the cretan brake or ciliate desert-grass, Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens or black nightshade be slitting band mixed planting, every kind of plant according to
It is secondary spaced, several rows are planted, ciliate desert-grass is planted with the spacing of 20cm or so inside every row and black nightshade, Yunnan Cynanchum glaucescens seed are uniform
It is sown between each plant row；
(2) it is uniformly once loosened the soil and is applied fertilizer in the ranks every two weeks, carry out the loose of matrix, and cooperate to leaves of plants
Piece and rhizosphere surrounding soil pour spray, and blade and root use ratio are 1:1；
(3) it is gathered in for the first time when mixing up plant and grow to 50cm, toothing 4cm, after harvesting, the spray described in foliage applying.
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