CN101015833A - Renovation method for plant in soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution - Google Patents
Renovation method for plant in soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN101015833A CN101015833A CN 200710020380 CN200710020380A CN101015833A CN 101015833 A CN101015833 A CN 101015833A CN 200710020380 CN200710020380 CN 200710020380 CN 200710020380 A CN200710020380 A CN 200710020380A CN 101015833 A CN101015833 A CN 101015833A
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Abstract
A plant repair method of zinc cadmium soil is characterized in that plants are planted in the zinc cadmium soil, to be harvested and transferred the mineral plants, wherein they are cut at July and November, or the plants can be alternatively planted with elsholtzia.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the regeneration techniques of the contaminated soil in the agricultural soil field, particularly a kind of technology of using plant to carry out soil remediation.
Two, background technology
Soil pollution is a global environmental problem, shows particularly seriously in developing country.As the important component part of environmental key-element, the protection of soil resource and sustainable utilization have 1,300,000,000 populations, social economy's fast development and the country of ecological environment frailty seems especially important for such one of China.But, no matter still abroad in China, the deterioration of the ecological environment that soil pollution brings and health threat problem be not ease up but the aggravation.Show according to " China Environmental State Bulletin in 2000 ": " to 300,000 hectares of basic farmland protection district soil harmful heavy metal sampling monitorings, wherein 3.6 ten thousand hectares of heavy metal-polluted soils exceed standard, and exceeding standard rate reaches 12.1%; 891 of agricultural environment pollution accidents take place in incomplete statistics to 23 provinces (district, city) altogether, and 40,000 hectares of polluted agricultural lands cause agricultural and animal products to lose 2,489 ten thousand kilograms, and direct economic loss reaches 2.2 hundred million yuan ".Pollutant in soil enters in the humans and animals body by the food chain transmission, the indirect hazard human and livestock health.In addition, soil pollution also can cause secondary ecological environment problems such as atmosphere pollution, surface water, underground water pollution and ecosystem degeneration.
In view of the generality and the seriousness of heavy metal pollution of soil, some developed countries formulate corresponding soil remediation plan one after another.Characteristics and improvement principle according to heavy metal pollution can be divided into the administration way of current heavy-metal contaminated soil both domestic and external four big classes such as engineering measure, chemical modifying, biological control measure and agronomic measures.
Phytoremediation technology is with characteristics such as its safety, cheapnesss and become the growing point of international environmental protection industry.China's soil pollution phytoremediation technology development is rapid, and application prospect is obvious.The microorganism of contaminated soil is repaired the biological effectiveness that can change heavy metal, demonstrates wide application prospect equally.Combined remediation technology based on plant and microorganism has become the new developing direction of international soil remediation technical field.
Companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop (Sedum plumbizincicola X.H.Guo et S.B.Zhou sp.nov.) is a heavy metal species patience and the super enriching plant that China has just found, happiness is born in and is rich in Pb, area, Zn ore deposit.Perennial meat draft; Root-like stock is long, horizontal walk; The coring shape.Sterile plate is upright, intensive growing thickly, multi-branched; Normal 1～3 of scape bears from the sterile plate clump, often a little more than sterile plate, more than the Gao Keda 35cm, slightly reaches 0.8cm.The leaf alternate, the lower portion of the stem leaf is often caducous, and the top leaf is intensive, ovum shape or the shape of falling ovum Long Circle, long 1～5cm, wide 0.5～1.5cm, the blunt point of tip, the base portion wedge shape, gradually narrow one-tenth handle long holidays, back side base portion has unconspicuous short square.Inflorescence is born in the scape top, is the cyme of many times 2～3 forks (4 forks sometimes), and the footpath can reach more than the 35cm; 3 forks have a little less than the growth often, and top mostly is 2 forks.Linear or the wire lanceolar of bract, long 2～5cm upwards gradually lacks, and mostly is to the top and drapes over one's shoulders needle-like or ovum shape Long Circle, long 5～10mm, the tip circle is blunt.The flower stockless, 4 numbers; Sepal 4, narrow triangle, 1～2mm, the tip circle is blunt; Petal 4, yellow, lanceolar, long 4～6mm, wide 1～1.5mm; Stamen 8,2 is taken turns, and slightly is shorter than petal, interior wheel base portion and petal adhesion; Scale 4, trapezoidal, be about 0.5mm, tip circle central authorities are recessed; Carpel 4 is slightly diverged, long 4～5mm, and the about 1.5mm symphysis of base portion, style is about 1mm.The U.S. fork of Follicle four aristiforms, the base portion Colaesce is close to 1/2 ， Follicle radish really the seed majority; The seed oblong, wrinkle, dark brown brown are arranged, be about 1mm, seed one end has a digitation that is formed by residual funicle.6～July of florescence, really August phase.Type specimen is deposited Anhui Normal University's herbarium, and the mode of appearance of self-sow is referring to accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2.
This kind leaf approximate with Sedum alfredii Hance Sedum alfredii Hance, but sterile plate and scape are all more sturdy tall and big, and more than the Gao Keda 35cm, the footpath can reach 0.8cm; Sepal, petal, stamen, carpel, scale number and shape are all different with Sedum alfredii Hance, and inflorescence is many times 2～3 divergent cyme, and the footpath can reach more than the 35cm; Leaf egg shape or the shape of falling ovum Long Circle, long 1～5cm; Bract drapes over one's shoulders needle-like or ovum shape Long Circle, long 5～10mm, and the bottom is linear or the wire lanceolar, long 20～50mm; Be the easy and latter's differences of feature such as 6～July evening at florescence.
Because companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop is a newfound plant species, therefore, the home and abroad does not still have and utilizes this plant to carry out many metallic pollutions soil remediation at present, does not have the technology of utilizing this plant to repair soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution yet and reports.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize the heavy metal patience and the super enrichment function of companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop, explore the possibility of utilizing this phytoremediation soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution.
Companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop and other red-spotted stonecrop are (as to the east of red-spotted stonecrop Sedum dongzhiense D.Q.Wang, four awns red-spotted stonecrop Sedum tetractinum Fr derstr m) habit is close substantially, NATURAL DISTRIBUTION is in zhejiang and other places, and the mining area of being rich in Zn/Pb is born in happiness, but at the equal normal growth in the most of area of soil and China of pH value 5～8, wide adaptability, biomass is big, fast growth.
Companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop is the hyperaccumulative plant of a kind of zinc, cadmium.Under the water culture experiment condition, when cadmium concentration was 200 μ mol/L in the nutrient solution, still growth was normal, in root, stem, the leaf cadmium content can reach 3365,5373 respectively, 5377mg/kg.Under the condition of pot, cadmium in the soil, zinc content be 15.3, during 6499mg/kg, in companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop overground part stem, the leaf cadmium can reach 424,258mg/kg; Zinc content can reach 19357,12911mg/kg.Under the zinc-cadmium combined pollution condition of field, the upperground part biomass can reach 5～6 tons/hectare, and cadmium, zinc content are respectively 78.7,5306mg/kg.In addition, under condition of pot, even cadmium, zinc content are 1.11 in the soil, during 321mg/kg, cadmium, zinc content in companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop cauline leaf is respectively 68.9,8416 and 50.5,5641mg/kg, this shows, companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop not only can be grown on the soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution, and portion accumulates a large amount of cadmium and zinc on the ground, can be used for the remediating heavy metal soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution is characterized in that companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop being cultivated the soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution zone of administering in need, annual harvesting and the harvested companion of transfer processing ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop.
In order to reach the purpose of efficient improvement, on cultivation management, can gather in twice the July and the November in every year; Also can be with companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop and elsholtzia splendens interplanting.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the natural growing way of companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop on ore storage;
Fig. 2 is companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop growing state in florescence in natural environment.
Five, the specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop is a kind of herbaceos perennial, based on vegetative propagation.Choose sprout from the Cheng Miao of stalwartness, cuttage in nutrient solution or seedling medium, perhaps directly cuttage in soil, treat that the sprout base portion grows a large amount of adventitious roots after, can transplant to contaminated soil.Transplant 3 annual or April, under the situation that environmental condition suits, companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop growth rate is fast, can form good ground and cover, growth can be gathered in the crops overground part after 3～April, after this owing to enter the summer high temperature phase, limited by environmental condition, companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop poor growth is treated summer high temperature after the phase, recovers growth fast.Therefore, gathering in for 4～May for the second time at interval after the results for the first time, the time is about the November in every year again.Enter winter low temperature period after the second season results, the red-spotted stonecrop growth of companion ore deposit slowed down once more even stagnates, continued to begin growth until 1 year spring, to 7 with begin harvesting November once more, like this, in annual two seasons of results, continuously planted.Can adopt overground part to stay the mode of stem 3cm during each the results, also can gather in the crops top fully, transplant seedling again; Perhaps directly choose healthy and strong sprout cuttage on contaminated soil from the plant of results.
Since in the red-spotted stonecrop plant of harvested companion ore deposit enrichment a large amount of heavy metal cadmium and zinc, so, should each harvested companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop in time transfer and concentrated landfill disposal, prevent to produce new pollution.
The red-spotted stonecrop plantation of companion ore deposit was repaired property to the extraction of different pollution level soil Zn/Cd after (gathering in the crops for two seasons) in 1 year and is seen the following form:
| Pollution level | Zn(mg kg -1) | Cd(mg kg -1) | ||||||
| Before the plantation | After the plantation | Removal amount | Remediation efficiency (%) | Before the plantation | After the plantation | Removal amount | Remediation efficiency (%) | |
| Little pollution | 321±8 | 239±32 | 82 | 25.5 | 1.11±0.14 | 0.34±0.09 | 0.77 | 69.4 |
| The light pollution | 2367±11 | 2253±554 | 114 | 4.82 | 5.82±0.35 | 3.31±1.03 | 2.51 | 43.1 |
| The middle pollution | 4343±276 | 3949±263 | 394 | 9.07 | 10.6±0.5 | 6.28±0.65 | 4.32 | 40.8 |
| Heavily contaminated | 6499±324 | 6449±511 | 50 | 0.77 | 15.3±0.6 | 10.4±0.5 | 4.90 | 32.0 |
Embodiment 2:
The contrast test of ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop and interplanting elsholtzia splendens (Elsholtzia splendens Nakai ex F.Maekawa) is accompanied in plantation separately.
A. plant companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop separately in the pollution field that soil Zn, Cd content are respectively 1374 ± 44mg/kg and 3.60 ± 0.10mg/kg, its year biomass be 5～6 tons/hectare, the concentration of overground part Zn, Cd is 5306 ± 552mg/kg and 78.7 ± 6.3mg/kg.
B. interplant elsholtzia splendens under the condition of contrast test, elsholtzia splendens is about 1: 1 with the plantation ratio of companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop during interplanting.Contrast test shows, behind the interplanting elsholtzia splendens, can significantly improve companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop biomass and overground part Zn, Cd concentration, the year biomass of companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop can increase by 38.3～53.1%, and Zn, Cd enrichment concentration amplification are respectively 30.6～59.1% and 5.72～46.1%.
Therefore, behind companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop interplanting elsholtzia splendens, can improve 61.9～120% to the extraction efficiency of Zn, Cd.
With light, middle polluted agricultural land or the mining area periphery soil of method reparation provided by the invention above national soil environment quality standard, be fully feasible, can in several years, soil Zn, Cd content be repaired to normal level, reach the requirement that agricultural product security is produced.
Claims (3)
1. the plant restoration method of a soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution is characterized in that companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop being cultivated the soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution zone of administering in need, annual harvesting and the harvested companion of transfer processing ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop.
2. the plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop of cultivation on contaminated soil gathered in twice the July and the November in every year.
3. the plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop and elsholtzia splendens interplanting.
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| CNB2007100203805A CN100518970C (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2007-02-16 | Renovation method for plant in soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution |
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| CN101869077A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-10-27 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Tissue culture and seedling raising method for zinc cadmium hyperaccumulator plant Sedum plumbizincicola |
| CN102553903A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN102658290A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-12 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Method for restoring soil with carex nubigena |
| CN102896142A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 杭州固洁环保工程有限公司 | Soil remediation method |
| CN103191914A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-10 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Application of trichoderma reesei and sedum plumbizincicola in remediation of cadmium-polluted farmland soil |
| CN106493168A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-15 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of reparation lead, the method for cadmium combined pollution soil |
| CN106817946A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of production of south jiangxi rare-earth mining area cadmium exceeded soil safety and reparation synchronously the cropping pattern that carries out |
| CN106982630A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-28 | 贵州省蚕业研究所 | Persistently kept the safety in production using low cadmium capsicum/companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop strip cropping the method for capsicum |
| CN107737802A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-27 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Make restoration of the ecosystem between a kind of companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop morning bamboo of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN108176708A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江农林大学 | Make the method for repairing soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution between cooperateing with plant using biomass carbon |
| CN108326022A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-27 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution |
| CN109006242A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-18 | 贵州理工学院 | Between the practice joint AM fungi method that reduces cadmium, Zn content in capsicum and soil |
| CN109047308A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of restorative procedure of cadmium pollution soil |
| CN109201714A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-15 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | Make the method for restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil between Hong Chard dish using S.plumbizincicola |
| CN110899326A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-24 | 宁土建工(苏州)环境修复科技有限公司 | Method for realizing ecological restoration of cultivated land by utilizing zonal intercropping of oil sunflower and Sedum plumbizincicola |
| CN112845575A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 山东农业大学 | Method for repairing cadmium-zinc polluted wheat farmland Sedum plumbizincicola stripe intercropping and fertilizer regulation |
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| CN101869077A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-10-27 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Tissue culture and seedling raising method for zinc cadmium hyperaccumulator plant Sedum plumbizincicola |
| CN102553903A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN102658290A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-12 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Method for restoring soil with carex nubigena |
| CN102658290B (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-05-29 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Method for restoring soil with carex nubigena |
| CN102896142A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 杭州固洁环保工程有限公司 | Soil remediation method |
| CN103191914A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-10 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Application of trichoderma reesei and sedum plumbizincicola in remediation of cadmium-polluted farmland soil |
| CN103191914B (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Application of trichoderma reesei and sedum plumbizincicola in remediation of cadmium-polluted farmland soil |
| CN106493168A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-15 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of reparation lead, the method for cadmium combined pollution soil |
| CN106493168B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-11-12 | 河南工业大学 | A method of repairing lead, cadmium combined pollution soil |
| CN106817946B (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-12-28 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of cadmium exceeded soil safety in south jiangxi rare-earth mining area produces the cropping pattern of progress synchronous with reparation |
| CN106817946A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of production of south jiangxi rare-earth mining area cadmium exceeded soil safety and reparation synchronously the cropping pattern that carries out |
| CN106982630A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-28 | 贵州省蚕业研究所 | Persistently kept the safety in production using low cadmium capsicum/companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop strip cropping the method for capsicum |
| CN107737802A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-27 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Make restoration of the ecosystem between a kind of companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop morning bamboo of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN108176708A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江农林大学 | Make the method for repairing soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution between cooperateing with plant using biomass carbon |
| CN108326022A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-27 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution |
| CN109006242A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-18 | 贵州理工学院 | Between the practice joint AM fungi method that reduces cadmium, Zn content in capsicum and soil |
| CN109047308A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of restorative procedure of cadmium pollution soil |
| CN109201714A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-15 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | Make the method for restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil between Hong Chard dish using S.plumbizincicola |
| CN110899326A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-24 | 宁土建工(苏州)环境修复科技有限公司 | Method for realizing ecological restoration of cultivated land by utilizing zonal intercropping of oil sunflower and Sedum plumbizincicola |
| CN112845575A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 山东农业大学 | Method for repairing cadmium-zinc polluted wheat farmland Sedum plumbizincicola stripe intercropping and fertilizer regulation |
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