CN116515150B - Humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on soil colloid couplant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on soil colloid couplant and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN116515150B
CN116515150B CN202310665495.9A CN202310665495A CN116515150B CN 116515150 B CN116515150 B CN 116515150B CN 202310665495 A CN202310665495 A CN 202310665495A CN 116515150 B CN116515150 B CN 116515150B
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humic acid
degradable
mulching film
couplant
powder
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CN116515150A (en
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张伟华
刘丽霞
张瑞平
闫伟
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Inner Mongolia Mengtu Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Inner Mongolia Mengtu Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2397/00Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/346Clay
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a humic acid full-degradation liquid mulching film based on a soil colloid binder and a preparation method thereof, wherein weathered coal and lignite are carefully selected and impurity-removed and then ground into powder with more than 300 meshes; mixing the secondary clay mineral with water to form turbid liquid, stirring at a high speed, flowing the turbid liquid in a horizontal space, collecting the turbid liquid flowing out the farthest distance, extracting supernatant, standing to obtain precipitate, drying to obtain humic acid powder, uniformly mixing the humic acid powder with a glue-linked agent, uniformly mixing the humic acid powder with water as humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder, installing a high-pressure pump in a film spraying machine, and realizing full coverage on the ground after planting by using a multi-nozzle operation at a film spraying port. The invention has good functions of warming and moisturizing, and can improve the soil temperature by 4-6 ℃ and increase the water content by 8-10% in spring in northern areas compared with control; the product can be completely degraded, and can be completely degraded within 120 days of spring spraying in northern areas; after covering, the rainwater has high rewet rate, and 80% of rainfall can rewet.

Description

Humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on soil colloid couplant and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention provides a humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on a soil colloid couplant and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of new materials.
Background
In the middle of the 20 th century, with the vigorous development of the plastic industry, the plastic mulching film is widely applied in agriculture, and the plastic mulching film is rapidly popularized and applied, so that immeasurable effects on grain yield increase, disaster reduction and disaster resistance are objectively achieved, especially the effect is more prominent and critical in drought farming agriculture in arid and semiarid regions, and the plastic mulching film is also a key technology for main agricultural production data for a long time. However, as plastic mulch film fragmentation increases and accumulates, it has become one of the major obstacles in agricultural farming. The related data show that the accumulation of plastic mulch film in farmland paved for 20 years continuously can reach more than 2 kg, and the mulch film fragments are not degraded for 100 years, so that the cultivation and emergence rate are directly affected, and the potential of grain yield reduction is further developed, and the plastic mulch film fragments are more and more serious.
The problem of "white pollution" of plastic mulch films has attracted considerable attention worldwide. Many research institutions find alternative products, the core content of which mainly stands out at two points: firstly, the substitute product must inherit the main functions of heating and moisturizing of the plastic mulching film; and secondly, realizing the degradation of the mulching film. In this regard, the majority of research has focused on the mulching of organic materials. Representative results of the study are shown below: firstly, developing products taking solid waste as a mulching film raw material, wherein the developing products comprise black waste generated in papermaking, development and utilization of humic acid organic matters, and waste residues generated in starch processing of straw, corn and the like; secondly, the development and utilization of the combination of petrochemical engineering and biological wastes are adopted, and the utilization mode maintains the development concept of 'film' coverage to a certain extent, only shortens the degradation process, but the price is always high.
At present, the degradable mulching film produced by coal humic acid in the market mainly uses chemical substances such as polyvinyl alcohol and the like as a main adhesive agent in production, and the price is always high, so that the degradable mulching film is subjected to elbow making in actual popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a humic acid full-degradation liquid mulching film based on a soil colloid couplant and a preparation method thereof, which achieve the following technical purposes:
1. the invention solves the pollution of plastic mulch to the land and the environment, the liquid mulch is based on soil colloid and coal humic acid as raw materials, can be completely degraded, can be converted into fertilizer to be absorbed by crops after degradation, and can also improve the soil structure
2. Solves the problem of high price of the degradable mulching film in the current market.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fully-degradable liquid mulching film of humic acid based on a soil colloid binder is a mulching film prepared by taking humic acid raw powder as a base material and a compound binder, a thin black brown polymer chemical protective film is formed on the surface of the mulching film by spraying the mulching film onto soil, the soil surface is adhered to form a closed body to prevent the volatilization of soil moisture, rainwater, pesticides, nutrient substances and the like can fully permeate, the mulching film is gradually and naturally degraded after being sprayed for 50 days under the actions of field low-temperature oxidation and microorganisms, humic acid (organic matters) is degraded after 2 to 3 months, and the mulching film is a high-quality soil conditioner after being turned into soil.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on the soil colloid couplant comprises the following steps:
s1, finely selecting weathered coal and lignite to remove impurities, adding the weathered coal and the lignite into a grinder, and grinding the weathered coal and the lignite into powder with more than 300 meshes;
s2, preparing a crosslinking agent: mixing the secondary clay mineral with water to form turbid liquid, stirring at high speed, flowing the turbid liquid in a horizontal space, collecting turbid liquid flowing out the farthest distance, extracting supernatant, standing for 48 hours, then taking precipitate, drying to obtain humic acid powder, and grinding to 300 meshes;
s3, uniformly mixing the ground humic acid powder with a crosslinking agent to obtain humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder;
s4, uniformly mixing the humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder with water, and keeping a water-soluble non-precipitation state in a tank body of a film spraying machine;
s5, installing a high-pressure pump in the film spraying machine, wherein the film spraying opening is operated by a plurality of spray heads, and the full coverage of the planted ground is realized.
In S1, the total mass of humic acid is more than 55%, the content of free acid is more than 50%, and the content of fulvic acid is more than 1.2%.
And S2, mixing the secondary clay mineral and water according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to form turbid liquid.
And S3, mixing the ground humic acid powder with a crosslinking agent according to the mass ratio of 2-3:98-97.
S4, mixing the humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder with water according to the mass ratio of 1:10.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the soil temperature can be increased by 4-6 ℃ and the water content can be increased by 8-10% in spring in northern areas compared with a control;
the product can be completely degraded, and can be completely degraded within 120 days of spring spraying in northern areas;
the rainwater infiltration rate after covering is high, and 80% of the rainfall can be infiltrated;
no-tillage weeding, wherein an organic herbicide is compounded in the mulching film, and the mulching film forms a shell and naturally covers other plants except gramineae;
the water-proof repairing device has an automatic repairing function, and after a person or an animal tramples and breaks, the water-proof repairing device can return to the state of the shell;
seedling placement is avoided;
the price of the product is quite low, which is equivalent to two thirds of the price of the plastic mulching film.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is described by combining the embodiments.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, finely selecting weathered coal and lignite to remove impurities, adding the weathered coal and lignite into a grinder, and grinding the weathered coal and lignite into powder with more than 300 meshes, wherein the total amount of humic acid is more than 55%, the free acid content is more than 50%, and the fulvic acid content is more than 1.2% for later use;
s2, preparing a crosslinking agent: mixing the secondary clay mineral and water according to the proportion of 1:5 to form turbid liquid, stirring at a high speed to enable the turbid liquid to flow in a horizontal space, collecting turbid liquid flowing out of the farthest distance, extracting supernatant, standing for 48 hours, taking precipitate, drying and grinding to 300 meshes;
s3, uniformly mixing the ground humic acid powder with a crosslinking agent according to the mass ratio of 2-3:98-97 to obtain humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder;
s4, uniformly mixing the humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder and water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, and keeping a water-soluble non-precipitation state in a tank body of a film spraying machine, wherein the spraying is uniform and smooth in the spraying process;
s5, a high-pressure pump is arranged in the film spraying machine, the film spraying opening is operated by a plurality of spray heads, and full coverage can be realized on various planted floors.
The invention has the following characteristics:
material selection: humic acid mulching film selects humic acid with homology with soil as a basic material, so that the heat preservation and moisture preservation functions of the mulching film can be guaranteed, meanwhile, the purity of the soil can be guaranteed, no burden of any foreign material is added to the soil, 100% of the soil is degradable, and the soil humus is formed after degradation.
In the aspect of the adhesive agent: clay mineral is a kind of clay with viscosity at present, and the main reason is that the soil colloid accounts for between 10% and 20% of the total proportion (the soil colloid is a particle with the diameter of 2-0.001 mu m, and is an organic mineral complex in most cases, namely, the core part is a clay mineral, and the outside is an organic adhesive film, and the clay mineral is adsorbed on the surface of the mineral colloid.
The technical aspects are as follows: the humic acid mulch belongs to a liquid mulch, is sprayed on the ground surface in a liquid state, and can be called as a shell compared with the traditional mulch. There are several points: (1) the ground is covered completely, the humic acid mulching film is powder, and the humic acid mulching film is mixed with water 1:10, under the operation of a high-pressure pump and a plurality of spray heads, the full coverage can be implemented for ridge farming agriculture, and normal operation is not influenced by askew terrain; (2) the humic acid mulching film has fine particles (larger than 300 meshes), strong cohesiveness, high rainwater infiltration rate, which can form a stable shell (can resist the stepping of mice), and the humic acid is of a net-shaped structure, is loose and porous, can fully absorb water infiltration during raining, has the infiltration rate of more than 80%, can effectively increase the soil moisture, and is not easy to form ground runoff; (3) humic acid is a black organic material, has obvious warming effect, and can be extremely high at 3-5 ℃ in early spring in north; (4) the humic acid mulch film is completely degradable, the degradation time can be adjusted in real time according to the proportion of the crosslinking agent to the humic acid content, corn is sprayed for example 5 months 1, and the degradation is completed at the end of 8 months.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on the soil colloid couplant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, finely selecting weathered coal and lignite to remove impurities, adding the weathered coal and the lignite into a grinder, and grinding the weathered coal and the lignite into powder with more than 300 meshes;
s2, preparing a crosslinking agent: mixing the secondary clay mineral with water to form turbid liquid, stirring at high speed, flowing the turbid liquid in a horizontal space, collecting the turbid liquid flowing out the farthest distance, extracting supernatant, standing for 48 hours, then taking precipitate, drying to obtain a colloid agent, and grinding to 300 meshes;
s3, uniformly mixing the ground humic acid powder with a crosslinking agent to obtain humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder;
s4, uniformly mixing the humic acid degradable mulch film raw powder with water, and keeping a water-soluble non-precipitation state in a tank body of a film spraying machine;
s5, installing a high-pressure pump in the film spraying machine, wherein the film spraying opening is operated by a plurality of spray heads, and the full coverage of the planted ground is realized.
2. The method for preparing the humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on the soil colloid couplant, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the total mass of humic acid in S1 is more than 55%, the free acid content is more than 50%, and the fulvic acid content is more than 1.2%.
3. The method for preparing the humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on the soil colloid couplant, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the secondary clay mineral in S2 and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to form turbid liquid.
4. The method for preparing the humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on the soil colloid couplant, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the mass ratio of the ground humic acid powder to the couplant is 2-3:98-97 in S3.
5. The method for preparing the humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on the soil colloid couplant, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that in S4, raw powder of the humic acid full-degradable mulching film and water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:10.
6. A fully degradable liquid mulch of humic acid based on a colloidal binder of soil, obtainable by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202310665495.9A 2023-06-07 2023-06-07 Humic acid full-degradable liquid mulching film based on soil colloid couplant and preparation method thereof Active CN116515150B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102477304A (en) * 2010-11-27 2012-05-30 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Degradable composite liquid mulch film and preparation method thereof
DE102015100645A1 (en) * 2015-01-19 2016-07-21 Jörg Frigge Vermögensverwaltungs GmbH & Co. Elfte Kommanditgesellschaft Production of a free-flowing soil additive based on liquid humic and fulvic acids, as well as solid inorganic and organic substance for use as soil and water additive to positively influence the soil-water-plant-nutrient balance
CN105860992A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-17 刘敏 Liquid mulching film used for desertification control and production method thereof
CN114478123A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-05-13 内蒙古科学技术研究院 Degradable bioactive liquid mulching film and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102477304A (en) * 2010-11-27 2012-05-30 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Degradable composite liquid mulch film and preparation method thereof
DE102015100645A1 (en) * 2015-01-19 2016-07-21 Jörg Frigge Vermögensverwaltungs GmbH & Co. Elfte Kommanditgesellschaft Production of a free-flowing soil additive based on liquid humic and fulvic acids, as well as solid inorganic and organic substance for use as soil and water additive to positively influence the soil-water-plant-nutrient balance
CN105860992A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-17 刘敏 Liquid mulching film used for desertification control and production method thereof
CN114478123A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-05-13 内蒙古科学技术研究院 Degradable bioactive liquid mulching film and preparation method thereof

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