CN114478123A - Degradable bioactive liquid mulching film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable bioactive liquid mulching film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/52—Mulches
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film is prepared by taking weathered coal, lignite and coal gangue as main raw materials to prepare humic acid substances, taking straw powder as a raw material to prepare modified cellulose, compounding the humic acid substances and the modified cellulose to serve as a colloidal film forming substance of the liquid mulching film, and adding montmorillonite, silicon micropowder and other mineral materials, corresponding film forming additives, cross-linking agents and the like. Meanwhile, the raw materials are green degradable substances, are quick to degrade, have high degradation rate, no residue and no pollution, and can be used for replacing plastic mulching films; and the used solvents mainly comprise water, volatile alcohols and the like, so that the environment cannot be polluted, the preparation process of the membrane liquid is simple and convenient to operate, and the membrane liquid is economical and environment-friendly and conforms to ecological agriculture and green manufacturing processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mulching films, and particularly relates to a degradable bioactive liquid mulching film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic mulching film cultivation technology can meet the requirements of crop heat preservation, soil moisture preservation, frost prevention, fertility preservation and the like, and greatly improves the yield of crops. However, plastic mulching films are low in strength, easy to break, difficult to recycle after use, and prone to cause serious 'white pollution' to soil and environment when discarded in soil. "
At present, humic acid is usually adopted to prepare a multifunctional degradable liquid mulching film so as to overcome the problem of white pollution, a thin black brown high-molecular chemical protective film can be formed by spraying the humic acid on the surface of soil, the volatilization of soil moisture is prevented, the full penetration of substances such as rainwater, pesticides and the like is not hindered, and the humic acid can be fully degraded in a short time under the actions of low-temperature oxidation in the field and microorganisms, so that nutrient substances are provided for crops.
Humic acid is a mixture of polyhydroxy and carboxyl substances with different molecular weights, and can be applied to the agricultural field only by converting combined humic acid and partial free humic acid which are difficult to be directly absorbed by crops into water-soluble humic acid after certain activation treatment. The weathered coal, the lignite and the coal gangue are generally used as main raw materials for preparation, and the adopted methods mainly comprise an alkali extraction method, an acid extraction method and a microbial dissolution method. The alkali extraction of humic acid is simple in operation and widely used, but has the defect of time consumption and can produce 20% of humus. The acid extraction method has simple process, easy operation and short production period, but the method is limited because the extracted product contains more impurities. The microbial dissolution method has the advantages of cleanness, no pollution, mild reaction conditions, high biochemical activity of products and the like, but has long growth period and low efficiency. Due to the advantages of cleanness, environmental protection and obvious product effect of the microbiological method, the method conforms to the new era policy of green development and the requirements of sustainable development of modern agriculture.
Therefore, finding out a strain for efficiently degrading coal, increasing the content of humic acid in the coal, fully activating the humic acid, and preparing the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film by using the activated humic acid is a research hotspot of technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a degradable bioactive liquid mulching film and a preparation method thereof, wherein weathered coal, lignite and coal gangue are used as main raw materials, proper degradable microorganisms are screened to fully activate humic acid, and modified cellulose components, mineral fillers, film forming additives, cross-linking agents and the like are added to prepare the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-150 parts of humic acid substances, 50-100 parts of modified cellulose, 20-50 parts of montmorillonite, 10-20 parts of silica micropowder, 20-30 parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 parts of gum arabic, 10-20 parts of a film-forming assistant, 5-20 parts of a cross-linking agent, 0-20 parts of a fertilizer, 3-5 parts of a surfactant, 3-5 parts of a pesticide and 100 parts of water.
The humic acid substance is prepared by microbial fermentation of weathered coal, lignite, coal gangue and other coal raw materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) one or more of weathered coal, lignite and coal gangue is/are crushed to obtain coal particles, the coal particles are sieved by a 300-mesh and 400-mesh sieve, and the mixture is added with straw powder and uniformly mixed, wherein the weight ratio of the straw powder to the coal particles is 1-5: 80;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, halophilic alkaline bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and trichoderma in a ratio of 1-3:1-3:2-5:1-4:2-4 in terms of viable count, the viable count is more than or equal to 1X 109/ml, and fermenting for 15-20 days at 20-30 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) adding H2SO4 and/or K2SO3 into the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), stirring for reaction, wherein the adding amount of the H2SO4 and/or K2SO3 is 0.5-2% of the total weight of the fermentation product, and drying to obtain the humic acid substances.
The modified cellulose is prepared by modifying straw powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the straw powder and 0.1-0.5M sodium hydroxide solution uniformly according to the weight ratio of 1:5, adding sodium chloroacetate for carboxymethylation reaction, precipitating and filtering after the reaction is finished, dialyzing the obtained liquid, and freeze-drying to obtain the modified cellulose.
The film-forming auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of cross-linked carboxymethyl starch, oxidized and acidified composite modified starch, cross-linked hydrogen alkyl starch and cross-linked acetate composite starch;
the fertilizer is an inorganic fertilizer and is selected from one or more of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer;
the surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate
The cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of epichlorohydrin, bisacrylamide, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or hexamethoxymelamine;
the pesticide is selected from one or more of insecticide, bactericide and herbicide.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing humic acid substances, modified cellulose, montmorillonite, silicon micropowder, fertilizer and surfactant, adding 1/2 weight of water, and continuously dispersing uniformly;
(2) adding sodium alginate, gum arabic, a film-forming aid and the rest water into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring uniformly;
(3) and (3) adding pesticide and a cross-linking agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film is prepared by taking weathered coal, lignite and coal gangue as main raw materials to prepare humic acid substances, taking straw powder as a raw material to prepare modified cellulose, compounding the humic acid substances and the modified cellulose to serve as a colloidal film forming substance of the liquid mulching film, and adding montmorillonite, silicon micropowder and other mineral materials, corresponding film forming additives, cross-linking agents and the like.
(2) The invention selects the microbial agent with specific components to ferment with the weathered coal, the lignite, the coal gangue and other coal raw materials, can quickly degrade the coal raw materials, improve the content of humic acid in a fermentation product, and simultaneously, carries out sulfation or sulfonation treatment on the humic acid, improves the water solubility of the humic acid and greatly improves the fertility of the liquid mulching film.
(3) The raw materials of the invention are all green degradable substances, the degradation is fast, the degradation rate is high, no residue is left, no pollution is caused, and the invention can be used for replacing plastic mulching films; and the used solvents mainly comprise water, volatile alcohols and the like, so that the environment cannot be polluted, the preparation process of the membrane liquid is simple and convenient to operate, and the membrane liquid is economic and environment-friendly and conforms to ecological agriculture and green manufacturing processes.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the present invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims which follow. All of the starting materials of the present invention, without particular limitation as to their source, may be purchased commercially or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
150 parts of humic acid substances, 50 parts of modified cellulose, 20 parts of montmorillonite, 20 parts of silica micropowder, 30 parts of sodium alginate, 10 parts of gum arabic, 10 parts of a film-forming aid, 15 parts of a cross-linking agent, 10 parts of a fertilizer, 5 parts of a surfactant, 5 parts of a pesticide and 200 parts of water.
The humic acid substance is prepared by fermenting weathered coal through microorganisms, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing weathered coal to obtain coal particles, sieving the coal particles by a 400-mesh sieve, adding straw powder, and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the straw powder to the coal particles is 5: 80;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, halophilic alkaline bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and trichoderma in a ratio of 3:1:2:4:2 according to the number of viable bacteria, the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1X 109/ml, and fermenting at 30 ℃ for 15 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) and (3) adding H2SO4 into the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), stirring for reaction, wherein the addition amount of the H2SO4 is 1% of the total weight of the fermentation product, and drying to obtain the humic acid substances.
The modified cellulose is prepared by modifying straw powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the straw powder and 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution uniformly according to the weight ratio of 1:5, adding sodium chloroacetate for carboxymethylation reaction, precipitating and filtering after the carboxymethylation reaction is finished, dialyzing the obtained liquid, and freeze-drying to obtain the modified cellulose.
The film-forming assistant is selected from cross-linked carboxymethyl starch, and the fertilizer is selected from a nitrogen fertilizer; the surfactant is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate; the cross-linking agent is selected from bisacrylamide; the pesticide is selected from insecticides;
the preparation method of the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing humic acid substances, modified cellulose, montmorillonite, silicon micropowder, fertilizer and surfactant, adding 1/2 weight of water, and continuously dispersing uniformly;
(2) adding sodium alginate, gum arabic, a film-forming aid and the rest water into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring uniformly;
(3) and (3) adding pesticide and a cross-linking agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film.
Example 2
A degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of humic acid substances, 100 parts of modified cellulose, 40 parts of montmorillonite, 20 parts of silica micropowder, 30 parts of sodium alginate, 10 parts of gum arabic, 15 parts of a film-forming aid, 15 parts of a cross-linking agent, 20 parts of a fertilizer, 5 parts of a surfactant, 3 parts of a pesticide and 300 parts of water;
the humic acid substance is prepared by carrying out microbial fermentation on lignite, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing lignite to obtain coal particles, sieving the coal particles by a 300-mesh sieve, adding straw powder, and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the straw powder to the coal particles is 3: 80;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, halophilic alkaline bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and trichoderma in a ratio of 3:1:5:1:4 according to the number of viable bacteria, the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1X 109/ml, and fermenting for 20 days at 20 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) adding K2SO3 into the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), stirring for reaction, wherein the addition amount of the K2SO3 is 2% of the total weight of the fermentation product, and drying to obtain the humic acid substances.
The modified cellulose is prepared by modifying straw powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the straw powder and 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution uniformly according to the weight ratio of 1:5, adding sodium chloroacetate to perform carboxymethylation reaction, precipitating and filtering after the carboxymethylation reaction is finished, dialyzing the obtained liquid, and freeze-drying to obtain the modified cellulose.
The film-forming assistant is selected from oxidized acidified composite modified starch; the fertilizer is selected from a phosphate fertilizer; the surfactant is selected from sodium laureth sulfate; the cross-linking agent is selected from tetraethylenepentamine; the pesticide is selected from herbicides.
The preparation method of the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing humic acid substances, modified cellulose, montmorillonite, silicon micropowder, fertilizer and surfactant, adding 1/2 weight of water, and continuously dispersing uniformly;
(2) adding sodium alginate, gum arabic, a film-forming aid and the rest water into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring uniformly;
(3) and (3) adding pesticide and a cross-linking agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film.
Example 3
A degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of humic acid substances, 80 parts of modified cellulose, 35 parts of montmorillonite, 13 parts of silica micropowder, 25 parts of sodium alginate, 8 parts of gum arabic, 16 parts of a film-forming aid, 12 parts of a cross-linking agent, 8 parts of a fertilizer, 3 parts of a surfactant, 4 parts of a pesticide and 150 parts of water.
The humic acid substance is prepared by fermenting weathered coal and coal gangue through microorganisms, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing weathered coal and coal gangue in a weight ratio of 2:1 to obtain coal particles, sieving the coal particles with a 350-mesh sieve, adding straw powder, and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the straw powder to the coal particles is 3: 80;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, halophilic alkaline bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and trichoderma in a ratio of 1:3:5:1:2 according to the number of viable bacteria, the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1X 109/ml, and fermenting for 18 days at 25 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) adding H2SO4 into the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), stirring for reaction, wherein the addition amount of the H2SO4 is 0.8% of the total weight of the fermentation product, and drying to obtain the humic acid substances.
The modified cellulose is prepared by modifying straw powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the straw powder and 0.3M sodium hydroxide solution uniformly according to the weight ratio of 1:5, adding sodium chloroacetate to perform carboxymethylation reaction, precipitating and filtering after the carboxymethylation reaction is finished, dialyzing the obtained liquid, and freeze-drying to obtain the modified cellulose.
The film-forming assistant is selected from a mixture of cross-linked hydrogen alkyl starch and cross-linked acetate composite starch according to a weight ratio of 2: 1; the fertilizer is selected from potassium fertilizer; the surfactant is selected from a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate according to a weight ratio of 1: 1; the cross-linking agent is selected from hexamethoxy melamine; the pesticide is selected from bactericides.
The preparation method of the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing humic acid substances, modified cellulose, montmorillonite, silicon micropowder, fertilizer and surfactant, adding 1/2 weight of water, and continuously dispersing uniformly;
(2) adding sodium alginate, gum arabic, a film-forming aid and the rest water into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring uniformly;
(3) and (3) adding pesticide and a cross-linking agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film.
Example 4
A degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
120 parts of humic acid substances, 95 parts of modified cellulose, 30 parts of montmorillonite, 10 parts of silica micropowder, 30 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of gum arabic, 10 parts of a film-forming aid, 5 parts of a cross-linking agent, 15 parts of a fertilizer, 5 parts of a surfactant, 5 parts of a pesticide and 300 parts of water.
The humic acid substances are prepared from weathered coal and lignite according to a weight ratio of 1:2 is prepared by microbial fermentation, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing weathered coal and lignite to obtain coal particles, sieving the coal particles by a 300-mesh sieve, adding straw powder, and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the straw powder to the coal particles is 5: 80;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, halophilic alkaline bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and trichoderma in a ratio of 3:1:5:4:2 according to the number of viable bacteria, the number of the viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1X 109/ml, and fermenting for 16 days at 30 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) adding K2SO3 into the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), stirring for reaction, wherein the addition amount of the K2SO3 is 2% of the total weight of the fermentation product, and drying to obtain the humic acid substances.
The modified cellulose is prepared by modifying straw powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the straw powder and 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution uniformly according to the weight ratio of 1:5, adding sodium chloroacetate to perform carboxymethylation reaction, precipitating and filtering after the carboxymethylation reaction is finished, dialyzing the obtained liquid, and freeze-drying to obtain the modified cellulose.
The film-forming assistant is selected from cross-linked carboxymethyl starch; the fertilizer is an inorganic fertilizer and is selected from a nitrogen fertilizer; the surfactant is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate; the cross-linking agent is selected from epichlorohydrin; the pesticide is selected from insecticides;
the preparation method of the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing humic acid substances, modified cellulose, montmorillonite, silicon micropowder, fertilizer and surfactant, adding 1/2 weight of water, and continuously dispersing uniformly;
(2) adding sodium alginate, gum arabic, a film-forming aid and the rest water into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring uniformly;
(3) and (3) adding pesticide and a cross-linking agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film.
The degradable bioactive liquid mulching films prepared in examples 1 to 4 are tested for mechanical property and heat preservation property, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 43.5 | 44.2 | 43.8 | 44.3 |
| Average temperature increase (. degree. C.) of soil | 8.5 | 7.8 | 9.1 | 8.2 |
The result shows that the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film prepared by the invention has good mechanical property and can play a good role in warming and preserving soil moisture in the process of crop cultivation.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A degradable bioactive liquid mulching film is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-150 parts of humic acid substances, 50-100 parts of modified cellulose, 20-50 parts of montmorillonite, 10-20 parts of silica micropowder, 20-30 parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 parts of gum arabic, 10-20 parts of a film-forming assistant, 5-20 parts of a cross-linking agent, 0-20 parts of a fertilizer, 3-5 parts of a surfactant, 3-5 parts of a pesticide and 100 parts of water.
2. The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to claim 1, wherein: the humic acid substance is prepared by microbial fermentation of weathered coal, lignite, coal gangue and other coal raw materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing one or more of weathered coal, lignite and coal gangue to obtain coal particles, sieving the coal particles with a 300-mesh sieve with 400 meshes, adding straw powder, and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the straw powder to the coal particles is 1-5: 80;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, halophilic alkaline bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and trichoderma in a ratio of 1-3:1-3:2-5:1-4:2-4 in terms of viable count, the viable count is more than or equal to 1X 109/ml, and fermenting for 15-20 days at 20-30 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) adding H2SO4 and/or K2SO3 into the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), stirring for reaction, wherein the adding amount of the H2SO4 and/or K2SO3 is 0.5-2% of the total weight of the fermentation product, and drying to obtain the humic acid substances.
3. The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to claim 1, wherein: the modified cellulose is prepared by modifying straw powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the straw powder and 0.1-0.5M sodium hydroxide solution uniformly according to the weight ratio of 1:5, adding sodium chloroacetate for carboxymethylation reaction, precipitating and filtering after the reaction is finished, dialyzing the obtained liquid, and freeze-drying to obtain the modified cellulose.
4. The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to claim 1, wherein: the film-forming assistant is selected from one or more of cross-linked carboxymethyl starch, oxidized and acidified composite modified starch, cross-linked hydrogen alkyl starch and cross-linked acetate composite starch.
5. The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to claim 1, wherein: the fertilizer is an inorganic fertilizer and is selected from one or more of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer.
6. The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to claim 1, wherein: the surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate.
7. The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to claim 1, wherein: the cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of epichlorohydrin, bisacrylamide, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or hexamethoxymelamine.
8. The degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to claim 1, wherein: the pesticide is selected from one or more of insecticide, bactericide and herbicide.
9. The method for preparing degradable bioactive liquid mulching film according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing humic acid substances, modified cellulose, montmorillonite, silicon micropowder, fertilizer and surfactant, adding 1/2 weight of water, and continuously dispersing uniformly;
(2) adding sodium alginate, gum arabic, a film-forming aid and the rest water into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring uniformly;
(3) and (3) adding pesticide and a cross-linking agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain the degradable bioactive liquid mulching film.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115443757A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-09 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Rapid repairing method for degenerated grassland empty spots in arid and semi-arid regions |
| CN115491126A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-12-20 | 河北萌帮生物科技有限公司 | Degradable liquid mulching film prepared by enzymolysis of lignite |
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| CN116751596A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-09-15 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Environment-friendly laminating agent for slope ecological protection, preparation and use method thereof |
| CN116875118A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-13 | 中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所 | Grass-inhibiting liquid mulching film special for green house green beans and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115443757B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-11-17 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Quick repairing method for degraded grassland plaque in arid and semiarid regions |
| CN115491126A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-12-20 | 河北萌帮生物科技有限公司 | Degradable liquid mulching film prepared by enzymolysis of lignite |
| CN115491126B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-09-08 | 河北萌帮生物科技有限公司 | Degradable liquid mulching film prepared from lignite containing enzymolysis |
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| CN116751596A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-09-15 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Environment-friendly laminating agent for slope ecological protection, preparation and use method thereof |
| CN116875118A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-13 | 中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所 | Grass-inhibiting liquid mulching film special for green house green beans and preparation method thereof |
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