CN116491584A - Metformin-containing feed premix functional package and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Metformin-containing feed premix functional package and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116491584A CN116491584A CN202310552192.6A CN202310552192A CN116491584A CN 116491584 A CN116491584 A CN 116491584A CN 202310552192 A CN202310552192 A CN 202310552192A CN 116491584 A CN116491584 A CN 116491584A
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- cows
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- rumen
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Classifications
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- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a functional package of a feed premix containing metformin, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of feeds, wherein the functional package comprises the following technical key points: the functional package is prepared from the following components: metformin, sodium butyrate, lipoic acid, rumen-bypass choline, rumen-bypass vitamin B2, rumen-bypass vitamin B3, rumen-bypass vitamin B5 and mulberry leaf powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the functional package and application of the functional package in feeding the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period or in preparing feeds for the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period. The functional package disclosed by the invention can promote lipid and energy metabolism of cows, maintain liver health, reduce obesity, improve lactation performance, reduce incidence of postpartum cows, and further promote health and production potential of cows.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a metformin-containing functional package of a feed premix, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Milk is important for the national nutritional needs, and the feeding management of cows plays a decisive role in milk yield. The lactation cycle of cows is generally divided into early (from delivery to 100 days after delivery), middle (from 101 days after delivery to 200 days after delivery) and late (from 201 days after delivery to stop lactation). Numerous studies and pasture owners have been placed in the pre-lactation period because the milk yield of cows accounts for about half of the total production in the entire lactation period. And the lactation amount is gradually reduced in the later lactation period, so that less attention is paid; more and more researches indicate that the reduction process in the later lactation period can be regulated and controlled by nutrition so as to improve the yield in the whole lactation period. Furthermore, the health of the cow body at this stage has a great influence on the transition from the perinatal period to the next lactation period, especially in the case of nutritional metabolic diseases, due to the proximity of the dry period. Often accompanied by the decrease of lactation yield, after the decrease of energy yield, fat overaccumulation easily occurs, and the fat of cows is caused, and the proportion of fat cows in cow groups in later lactation period is investigated to be more than 10%. Therefore, the control of the later lactation period to prevent the obesity of cows has important significance and practical economic value. Therefore, functional packages and other similar products specially aiming at fat cows in the later lactation period are required to be developed from the aspect of nutrition regulation in feed so as to promote the energy metabolism of the cows to lose weight, reduce the incidence rate of postpartum cows, further promote the production potential of the cows, effectively expand the biological value and the economic value of the cows and promote the further development of the dairy industry.
Excessive storage of body fat in cows in later lactation period leads to exacerbation of body inflammation, excessive liver metabolism burden and reduced insulin sensitivity of the body. Metformin, which is known on humans as a "drug for lowering blood sugar," has been listed by the world health organization and the multinational pharmaceutical guidelines as the first drug for treating diabetes, and is administered to more than one hundred million people worldwide daily to lower blood sugar, lower body weight, promote insulin mobilization, regulate liver metabolic stress, promote glycolipid metabolism, promote weight loss, and have the function of reducing inflammatory responses. This was demonstrated in numerous studies in humans and mice, but no data has yet been presented showing the use of metformin in the control of obese cows' body conditions and insulin sensitivity. Decreasing the concentrate supply of cow ration in the later lactation period (corresponding to an increase in roughage) will result in rumen fermentation in acetic acid type fermentation, and the overall energy supply of the cows is decreased, resulting in a decrease in milk yield. On the other hand, providing high coarse fodder can reduce daily ration energy concentration, but the increased feed intake can not truly reduce weight of cows, but rather increase weight. Propionic acid is a sugary substrate. Thus, butyrate, another important and major substrate produced from fermentation of rumen microorganisms, is selective in its regulation. Studies in broiler chickens, obese mice and obese people have shown that butyric acid (sodium) can not only provide energy to organisms, but also regulate energy and metabolism in vivo in the form of signal molecules. The mechanism involved is sodium butyrate to promote oxidative breakdown of fat and reduce fat synthesis to regulate fat metabolism. However, no report has been found so far on the reduction of cow body obesity, promotion of lactation performance and reduction of postpartum diseases by adding sodium butyrate in cow diet. Lipoic acid has been used as a universal antioxidant in aquaculture and broiler chicken farming by inhibiting oxidation and scavenging free radicals, and by improving the regeneration of other antioxidant substances in the body, thereby improving the antioxidant function of the body, having the ability of improving the antioxidant ability of animals and improving fat deposition, thereby improving meat quality and mouthfeel; in addition, lipoic acid is a coenzyme in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in tricarboxylic acid cycle of organism, and promotes lipid metabolism and improves body fat composition by catalyzing the generation and transfer of acyl. However, lipoic acid has not been applied to the lactation period of cows, particularly the postlactation period of cows, to regulate fat metabolism in cows. Rumen bypass choline has the functions of promoting the liver to transport fat, promoting the oxidation of fat outside the liver, preventing fatty liver, and is a common good additive for protecting the liver in perinatal cows. Rumen-bypass vitamin B2 and rumen-bypass vitamin B5 promote oxidation energy supply of substances such as carbohydrate, fat, protein and the like in the organism, and promote energy metabolism of the organism; vitamin B3 maintains oxidation-reduction reaction, and promotes the oxidation resistance of the organism; the B vitamins are vital to the dairy cows, and even if a part of B vitamins can be synthesized in the rumen of the dairy cows, the dairy cows in the later lactation period obviously have insufficient requirements for lactation and fetal development, so the B vitamins need to be added from daily ration to strengthen the content of the B vitamins so as to meet the nutritional and metabolic requirements of animals and maintain the health of the bodies of the animals.
Up to now, reports about the application of the combined use of metformin, sodium butyrate, lipoic acid, rumen bypass choline and B vitamins (B2, B3 and B5) in reducing weight of cows in later lactation, improving lactation performance in later lactation and improving perinatal health have not been seen.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a functional package of feed premix containing metformin, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a functional package of a feed premix containing metformin, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a functional package of a feed premix containing metformin, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1 to 3 parts of metformin, 8 to 15 parts of sodium butyrate, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of lipoic acid, 4 to 6 parts of rumen bypass choline, 20.03 to 0.04 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 30.3 to 0.4 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 50.04 to 0.06 part of rumen bypass vitamin B and 15 to 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder as carriers.
Optionally, the functional package comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 to 3 parts of metformin, 8 to 15 parts of sodium butyrate, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of lipoic acid, 4 to 6 parts of rumen bypass choline, 20.03 to 0.04 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 30.3 to 0.4 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 50.04 to 0.06 part of rumen bypass vitamin B and 15 to 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder as carriers.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the functional package, which comprises the following steps: grinding the components, sieving, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing in a mixer.
In a second aspect, the invention provides the use of such a functional package in the rearing of post-lactation obese cows or in the preparation of a feed for post-lactation obese cows.
Further, the application of the above-mentioned functional package in any of the following is also within the scope of the present invention:
1) The application in promoting the feed intake and milk yield of the obese cows in the later lactation period;
2) The application in preparing feed for promoting the feed intake and milk yield of the obese cows in the later lactation period;
3) The application in improving the milk fat content and the milk protein content of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
4) The application of the feed in preparing the feed for improving the milk fat content and the milk protein content of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
5) The application of the composition in reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in blood of fat cows in late lactation period;
6) The application of the feed in preparing the feed for reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in the blood of the fat dairy cows in the later period of lactation;
7) The application of the method in reducing the content of alanine aminotransferase and aspartic aminotransferase in blood of obese cows in later lactation period;
8) The application of the feed in preparing the feed for reducing the content of alanine aminotransferase and aspartic aminotransferase in the blood of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
9) The application in reducing the body condition of the obese dairy cows in the later lactation period;
10 The application of the feed in preparing the feed for reducing the body condition of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
11 The application of the method in controlling the body condition of the dairy cows entering the perinatal period and reducing the change amplitude of the body condition in the perinatal period;
12 The application of the method in preparing the feed for controlling the body condition of the dairy cows entering the perinatal period and reducing the variation amplitude of the body condition in the perinatal period;
13 The application of the composition in reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in the blood of the perinatal obese cows;
14 The application of the feed for reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in the blood of the obese cows in the perinatal period;
15 The application of the method in reducing the content of alanine aminotransferase and aspartic aminotransferase in the blood of the dairy cows with obesity in the perinatal period;
16 The application of the alanine aminotransferase and the aspartate aminotransferase in the blood of the dairy cows in the perinatal period is reduced;
17 Application in improving the feed intake of dairy cows in perinatal period and reducing the incidence of diseases;
18 For improving the feed intake of dairy cows in perinatal period and reducing the incidence of diseases.
Further, in order to better exert the function of the functional bag, each cattle of the feed prepared by the functional bag can eat the feed freely every day, and the feeding period is at least more than 1 month.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this scheme:
1. in the invention, the metformin has the functions of promoting insulin mobilization, regulating liver metabolic stress, promoting glycolipid metabolism, promoting weight loss and reducing body inflammatory reaction; sodium butyrate regulates lipid metabolism by improving oxidative decomposition of fat and reducing synthesis of fat, improves energy metabolism, improves antioxidant function of organism by improving antioxidant enzyme activity of organism, and promotes weight loss. Lipoic acid promotes lipid metabolism by catalyzing the generation and transfer of acyl groups; the oxidation resistance of the organism is improved by inhibiting oxidation and scavenging free radicals and by improving the regeneration of other antioxidant substances in the organism; rumen bypass choline has the functions of promoting the liver to transport fat, promoting the oxidation of fat outside the liver and preventing fatty liver; rumen-bypass vitamin B2 and rumen-bypass vitamin B5 promote oxidation energy supply of substances such as carbohydrate, fat, protein and the like in the organism, and promote energy metabolism of the organism; vitamin B3 maintains oxidation-reduction reaction, and promotes the oxidation resistance of the organism; the mulberry leaf powder is used as a carrier, meets the protein requirement when the concentrated material is replaced, has high content of bioactive components (such as flavone, steroid, alkaloid and the like), and has the functions of resisting oxidation, resisting inflammation, reducing blood fat and reducing blood sugar.
2. The functional package is simple and convenient to manufacture, and can effectively improve milk protein and milk fat content and economic benefit while improving the feed intake of dairy cows in the later period of lactation;
3. the functional package can effectively reduce the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in the blood of dairy cows in the later period of lactation, can effectively promote the metabolism of fat by the livers of the dairy cows, and reduces the accumulation of fat in the livers; and can also effectively reduce the relative enzyme activities of liver functions (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase contents), and maintain liver health and organism nutrition metabolism;
4. the functional package can effectively control the body condition change amplitude of the dairy cows in the perinatal period, reduce the blood lipid metabolism and liver function indexes of the dairy cows in the perinatal period, promote the feed intake of the dairy cows in the perinatal period and reduce the incidence rate of nutritional and metabolic diseases in the initial stage of the next lactation period; the health transition of the dairy cows can be conveniently ensured, and the biological value and the economic value of the dairy cows can be effectively prolonged.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a further detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be provided below, with the understanding that the present invention is described in some, but not all, embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Aiming at the conditions of excessive obesity of milk cow body condition in later lactation period, poor production performance in later lactation period, poor liver fat metabolism capability, high incidence rate of postpartum nutritional metabolic diseases and lower creation economic value in the dairy cow breeding industry in China, the invention provides the functional package for the milk cow with the later lactation period, so as to promote the energy metabolism of the milk cow, reduce the incidence rate of postpartum milk cow and further promote the health level and lactation performance.
The invention provides a functional bag which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 to 3 parts of metformin, 8 to 15 parts of sodium butyrate, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of lipoic acid, 4 to 6 parts of rumen bypass choline, 20.03 to 0.04 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 30.3 to 0.4 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 50.04 to 0.06 part of rumen bypass vitamin B and 15 to 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder as carriers.
Metformin is used in humans to reduce blood glucose, control body weight, promote insulin mobilization, regulate liver metabolic stress, promote glycolipid metabolism, promote weight loss, and reduce inflammatory response, however, metformin has not been used in dairy cows to regulate glycolipid metabolism, particularly in the post-lactation period of cows. Sodium butyrate is mainly used for regulating and controlling energy metabolism (especially liver), reducing disease incidence rate (such as inflammatory enteritis), controlling body condition to reduce obesity, controlling fat proportion of broiler chickens and improving taste and flavor in broiler chickens and human nutrition and health care industries; the dairy cow field is mainly used for improving the immune function of newborn calves, accelerating the development of rumen, reducing the morbidity of diseases such as diarrhea and the like and reducing the weaning stress; the application of sodium butyrate in the dairy cow field mainly plays the roles of improving immunity and promoting growth and development on young animals, does not pay attention to other functions, and is not used for a long time in the lactation period of dairy cows. Through a great deal of experiments and researches, the inventor of the invention discovers that sodium butyrate can control the body condition of cows as on broilers, reduce obesity and achieve a very good dairy cow production practice effect. Lipoic acid has been used as a universal antioxidant in aquaculture and broiler chicken farming, and has the effects of improving the antioxidant function of the organism by inhibiting oxidation and scavenging free radicals and improving the regeneration of other antioxidant substances in the organism, improving the antioxidant capacity of animals and improving the fat deposition capacity, thereby improving the meat quality and taste; in addition, lipoic acid is a coenzyme in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in tricarboxylic acid cycle of organism, and promotes lipid metabolism and improves body fat composition by catalyzing the generation and transfer of acyl. However, lipoic acid has not been applied to the regulation of fat metabolism in cows during lactation, and particularly in the post-lactation period. Rumen bypass choline has the functions of promoting the liver to transport fat, promoting the oxidation of fat outside the liver, preventing fatty liver, and is a common good additive for protecting the liver in perinatal cows. Rumen-bypass vitamin B2 and rumen-bypass vitamin B5 promote oxidation energy supply of substances such as carbohydrate, fat, protein and the like in the organism, and promote energy metabolism of the organism; vitamin B3 maintains oxidation-reduction reaction, and promotes the oxidation resistance of the organism; the B vitamins are vital to the dairy cows, and even if a part of B vitamins can be synthesized in the rumen of the dairy cows, the dairy cows in the later lactation period obviously have insufficient requirements for lactation and fetal development, so the B vitamins need to be added from daily ration to strengthen the content of the B vitamins so as to meet the nutritional and metabolic requirements of animals and maintain the health of the bodies of the animals. In particular, metformin may be selected from 1 to 3 parts or any range between these parts by weight, and metformin is not necessarily used in a form protected by coating or the like (rumen bypass release). Sodium butyrate may be selected from 8 parts to 15 parts, etc., or any range between these parts by weight, and sodium butyrate need not be in a form protected by coating, etc. (rumen bypass release). The lipoic acid may be selected from 0.8 parts to 1.2 parts, etc., or any range between these parts by weight, and it is not necessary to use a form protected by coating, etc. (rumen bypass release). The lipoic acid may be selected from 0.8 parts to 1.2 parts, etc., or any range between these parts by weight, and it is not necessary to use a form protected by coating, etc. (rumen bypass release). Choline, in a form required to be coated for rumen bypass release, may be selected from 4 parts to 6 parts, etc., or any range between these parts by weight. The vitamin B group is required to be used in rumen bypass mode, and vitamin B2 can be selected from 0.03 to 0.04 parts or the like or any range between the parts by weight; vitamin B3 may be selected from 0.3 parts to 0.4 parts, etc. or any range between these parts by weight; vitamin B5 may be selected from 0.04 parts to 0.06 parts, etc., or any range between these parts by weight. The carrier, because of its higher protein and bioactive ingredient content, employs mulberry leaf powder, which may be selected from 15 parts to 20 parts, etc., or any range between these parts by weight, respectively. The functional bag is low in cost, convenient to obtain and particularly suitable for large pastures.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The materials used in the examples described below, unless otherwise indicated, are all materials commonly used in the art and are commercially available.
Example 1
And (3) preparing a functional bag. Grinding the components, sieving, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing in a mixer.
Example 2
The functional package of example 1 was used to provide post-lactation obese cows with improved lactation performance, reduced obesity and post-partum nutritional metabolic disease.
1) Test animals and feeding management: the test selects 80 Holstein cows (200.5+ -8.4 d; 2.2+ -0.4 times) in the late lactation period (body condition score > 3.5 min, 5 min) of obese cows, and randomly divides the cows into a control group, a test group I, a test group II and a test group III, wherein each group comprises 20 cows. The test treatment lasts for 30 days, during the 30 days, the control group dairy cows are fed with the daily ration of the control group, each dairy cow of the test group I is supplemented with 100g of functional package replacement concentrate on the basis of the daily ration of the control group, each dairy cow of the test group II is supplemented with 300g of functional package replacement concentrate on the basis of the daily ration of the control group, and each dairy cow of the test group III is supplemented with 500g of functional package replacement concentrate on the basis of the daily ration of the control group. The total mixed ration composition and the nutrition level of pasture are shown in table 1. Feeding at 06:00-09:00, 16:00-18:00, and drinking water freely.
Table 1 daily ration compositions and nutritional ingredients
Note that: the premixed feed comprises the following components: each kg of dry matter content contains vitamin (A2,000,000IU;D3 600,000IU;E 20,000IU) and mineral elements (copper 3,500mg; manganese 5,000mg; zinc 9,800mg; iodine 150mg; selenium 150mg and cobalt 100 mg) each 50g of stone dust and calcium hydrogen phosphate.
2) And (3) collecting a sample: the measurement data includes: the milk yield, milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, body condition score, serum alanine aminotransferase, serum aspartate aminotransferase, serum free fatty acid content, serum triglyceride content, perinatal body condition score, perinatal feed intake, and postnatal disease incidence. The method for collecting data in the later period of lactation comprises the following steps: scoring the body conditions of the cows for 1, 10, 20 and 30 days (5 minutes, 1 minute, thin and 5 minutes fertilizer) and measuring the feed intake of dry matters; milk samples were collected from 1, 10, 20 and 30 days in the morning, in the evening (mixed according to the ratio of 4:3:3 in the morning, in the evening) to determine milk protein and milk fat index, and milk yield was determined on the same day. Blood index the blood was collected from 1, 10, 20 and 30 days and the related index was measured. Perinatal data collection method: the dry matter feed intake measurement and the body condition scoring of the dairy cows are carried out 14 days and 7 days before delivery and 7 days after delivery and 7, 14 and 21 days after delivery; blood samples were collected at 14 and 7 days before birth, on the day of delivery, and at 7, 14 and 21 days after birth to determine the blood index; incidence of 21 days post partum: recording the disease condition of the dairy cow from delivery to 21 days after delivery, comprising: ketosis, puerperal paralysis, hypocalcemia, retention of fetal membranes, metritis, mastitis, and gastric translocation.
3) Test results: the milk cows in the later lactation period are superior to the control group in production performances such as dry matter feed intake, milk yield, milk protein rate, milk fat rate and the like, and the effect is optimal in the test group II; blood index shows that the lipid metabolism (serum free fatty acid and triglyceride content) and liver function (serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase content) of the test group are lower than those of the control group, and the test group II has the best effect; moreover, the body condition score of the dairy cows in the test group changes obviously, and the weight-losing effect of the dairy cows in the test group II is optimal. The body condition of the test group is still lower than that of the control group after the dairy cows enter the perinatal period (14 days before birth), the body condition change amplitude of the test group in the whole perinatal period (14 days before birth to 21 days after birth) is smaller, which shows that the proportion of mobilized body fat is lower, the body fat is consistent with the change of the fatty acid and liver function index in blood in the perinatal period, and the effect is optimal in the test group II; the daily ration (14 days before birth to 21 days after birth) of the cow is higher than that of the control group, and the incidence rate of postpartum diseases is lower than that of the control group, so that the whole energy utilization rate of the cow in the test group is improved, the metabolism efficiency of fatty acid is higher, the health of the cow body is further improved, and the production level is further improved. The specific test results are shown in table 2 below.
Table 2 dry matter feed intake of cows in each group at the later lactation period
Note that: units kg/d.
As can be seen from Table 2, the test group had a tendency to significantly increase feed intake as the age of lactation day was prolonged in terms of dry matter feed intake, and the effect was optimal in the test group II.
Table 3 body condition score for each group of cows at post lactation
Note that: the magnitude of the change refers to the difference between the body condition scores on day 1 and day 30. The body condition score is 5 minutes, 1 minute of thin 5 minutes of polar fertilizer.
As can be seen from table 3, the groups have no difference in initial body condition scores, the test group has a tendency to significantly reduce the body condition score with the prolongation of lactation days in the aspect of body condition scores, and the reduction amplitude of the test group ii is the largest, so that the effect is optimal.
Table 4 lactation performance of each group of cows at later lactation period
From table 4, it is clear that the test group has a tendency to significantly increase the lactation amount, the milk protein rate and the milk fat rate with the prolongation of the lactation day-age in terms of the lactation performance, and the effect of the improvement by the test group ii is the best.
Table 5 liver function and fatty acid metabolism index of milk cows in each group
As shown in table 5, the test group is significantly lower than the control group in liver function and fatty acid metabolism, and the improvement effect of test group ii is optimal, which indicates that the lipid metabolism in the body is more efficient and beneficial to the body health.
Table 6 daily dry matter feed intake in the perinatal period for each group of cows
Note that: units kg/d.
As can be seen from table 6, the test group had significant advantages in terms of dry matter feed intake in perinatal period (14 days before birth to 21 days after birth), the time points throughout the period were higher in the test group than in the control group, and the effect of elevation in the test group ii was optimal.
Table 7 perinatal status scores for each group of cows
Note that: the magnitude of the change refers to the difference between the body condition scores at day 14 before and day 21 after birth. The body condition score is 5 minutes, 1 minute of thin 5 minutes of polar fertilizer.
As can be seen from table 7, the test group has a lower body condition score when entering the perinatal period (14 days before birth), and then the change range of the body condition score is smaller when the body energy reserve is required to be mobilized along with entering the postpartum period, which indicates that the proportion of the mobilized body energy reserve is lower, and the body can well utilize the energy from daily ration, which lays an important foundation for body health. In the whole perinatal period, the energy reserve mobilization of the organism of the test group II is minimum, the liver burden is smaller, and the health of the organism is facilitated.
Table 8 liver function and fatty acid metabolism index of milk cows in each group
As can be seen from table 8, the test group had lower fatty acid content and liver enzyme content in perinatal period (14 days before and 21 days after birth), indicating that the body has higher fatty acid metabolism efficiency, less liver burden and the best effect of test group ii.
Nutritional metabolic diseases within 21 days after delivery of each group of dairy cows of table 9
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From table 9, the test group has lower occurrence of nutritional metabolic diseases within 21 days after delivery, which indicates that after the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period are treated by sodium butyrate for improving the energy utilization efficiency, the incidence rate of the diseases of the cows after delivery is reduced, and the long-term health of the dairy cows is improved. The effect of the amount added in test group II was optimal.
The above specific embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention, and modifications, no inventive contribution, will be made to the embodiments by those skilled in the art after having read the present specification, as long as they are within the scope of the patent statutes.
Claims (6)
1. A functional package of feed premix containing metformin is characterized in that: is prepared from the following components:
metformin, sodium butyrate, lipoic acid, rumen-bypass choline, rumen-bypass vitamin B2, rumen-bypass vitamin B3, rumen-bypass vitamin B5 and mulberry leaf powder.
2. A functional package of feed premix containing metformin according to claim 1, wherein: the material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1 to 3 parts of metformin, 8 to 15 parts of sodium butyrate, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of lipoic acid, 4 to 6 parts of rumen bypass choline, 20.03 to 0.04 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 30.3 to 0.4 part of rumen bypass vitamin B, 50.04 to 0.06 part of rumen bypass vitamin B and 15 to 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder as carriers.
3. A method of preparing a functional package according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps: grinding metformin, sodium butyrate, lipoic acid, rumen-bypass choline, rumen-bypass vitamin B2, rumen-bypass vitamin B3, rumen-bypass vitamin B5 and mulberry leaf powder, sieving, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing in a mixer.
4. Use of a functional package according to claim 1 or 2 in feeding post-lactation obese cows or in the preparation of a feed for post-lactation obese cows.
5. Use of a feature pack according to claim 1 or 2 in any of the following:
1) The application in promoting the feed intake and milk yield of the obese cows in the later lactation period;
2) The application in preparing feed for promoting the feed intake and milk yield of the obese cows in the later lactation period;
3) The application in improving the milk fat content and the milk protein content of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
4) The application of the feed in preparing the feed for improving the milk fat content and the milk protein content of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
5) The application of the composition in reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in blood of fat cows in late lactation period;
6) The application of the feed in preparing the feed for reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in the blood of the fat dairy cows in the later period of lactation;
7) The application of the method in reducing the content of alanine aminotransferase and aspartic aminotransferase in blood of obese cows in later lactation period;
8) The application of the feed in preparing the feed for reducing the content of alanine aminotransferase and aspartic aminotransferase in the blood of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
9) The application in reducing the body condition of the obese dairy cows in the later lactation period;
10 The application of the feed in preparing the feed for reducing the body condition of the fat dairy cows in the later lactation period;
11 The application of the method in controlling the body condition of the dairy cows entering the perinatal period and reducing the change amplitude of the body condition in the perinatal period;
12 The application of the method in preparing the feed for controlling the body condition of the dairy cows entering the perinatal period and reducing the variation amplitude of the body condition in the perinatal period;
13 The application of the composition in reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in the blood of the perinatal obese cows;
14 The application of the feed for reducing the content of triglyceride and free fatty acid in the blood of the obese cows in the perinatal period;
15 The application of the method in reducing the content of alanine aminotransferase and aspartic aminotransferase in the blood of the dairy cows with obesity in the perinatal period;
16 The application of the alanine aminotransferase and the aspartate aminotransferase in the blood of the dairy cows in the perinatal period is reduced;
17 Application in improving the feed intake of dairy cows in perinatal period and reducing the incidence of diseases;
18 For improving the feed intake of dairy cows in perinatal period and reducing the incidence of diseases.
6. The use according to claim 4, wherein: each cattle of the feed prepared by the functional bag can eat the feed freely every day, and the feeding period is at least more than 1 month.
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