CN116487590A - 制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法及制造包括干式粘合剂的干电极的方法 - Google Patents
制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法及制造包括干式粘合剂的干电极的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法及制造包括干式粘合剂的干电极的方法。本发明公开了一种通过使用含有羟基(‑OH)的聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯的混合物制造可用于干电极的干式粘合剂的方法,以及一种制造包括干式粘合剂的干电极的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过使用含有羟基(-OH)的聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯的混合物制造可用于干电极的干式粘合剂的方法,以及一种制造包括干式粘合剂的干电极的方法。
背景技术
用于锂离子二次电池的常规阳极复合材料包括粘合剂、包含石墨的活性材料、用于增加活性材料导电性的导电材料和溶剂。
然而,溶剂的普遍使用造成了环境问题,额外的溶剂回收和废物处理可能会很昂贵。
此外,需要足够的干燥时间来完全去除溶剂,并且粘合剂在干燥过程中被解除,这削弱了与电极的粘附力。
湿法工艺中常用的粘合剂会阻挡离子的迁移路径,或者由于粘合剂所占的体积而导致单位体积能量密度低,从而降低了物理性能和电化学性能,导致放电率低。
另一方面,用于阳极的粘合剂作为阳极活性材料之间的桥梁,起到连接集电体的作用。因此,如果粘合剂不适合作为阳极材料,粘合剂会造成结构破坏、剥落和变形,从而继续形成SEI层,导致容量和循环寿命迅速下降。
因此,有必要开发一种粘合剂,其能够用于通过干法工艺生产阳极并同时具有优良的性能。
公开于该背景部分的以上信息仅用于增强对本发明的背景的理解,因此其可以包含不构成已为本领域普通技术人员所知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本发明致力于解决与现有技术相关的上述问题。
一方面,本发明提供了一种制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法以及一种制造包括干式粘合剂的干电极的方法,所述干式粘合剂能够用于通过干法工艺生产阳极并同时具有优良的性能。
本发明并不限于上述方面。本发明的其他方面从以下描述中显而易见,并通过以下权利要求中限定的手段及其组合而实现。
在实施方案中,提供了一种制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,包括:制备含有羟基(-OH)的聚合物粉末;通过将该聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯混合来产生第一混合物。
聚合物粉末可在30Hz至60Hz的振动下粉碎1分钟至10分钟。
聚合物粉末的数均分子量(Mn)可以在10,000g/mol至1,000,000g/mol的范围内。
聚合物粉末的重均分子量(Mw)可以在10,000g/mol至10,000,000g/mol的范围内。
聚合物粉末可以包含量为10重量%或更少的羟基(-OH)。
聚合物粉末可以包括聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVA)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、聚环酸(PAA)-羧甲基纤维素(CMC),或其组合。
产生第一混合物可以在1500rpm至2500rpm下进行10分钟至30分钟。
第一混合物可以包含40重量%至60重量%的聚四氟乙烯和40重量%至60重量%的聚合物粉末。
干式粘合剂可以不使用溶剂。
在另一个实施方案中,提供了一种制造干电极的方法。该方法包括:制备含有羟基(-OH)的聚合物粉末;通过将聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯混合来产生第一混合物;通过将活性材料与导电材料混合来产生第二混合物;通过将第一混合物与第二混合物混合来制成粘土状产品;将粘土状产品施加至经表面处理的集电体;以及滚压粘土状产品以制造电极。
聚合物粉末可以包括聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVA)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、聚环酸(PAA)-羧甲基纤维素(CMC),或其组合。第一混合物可以包括40重量%至60重量%的聚四氟乙烯和40重量%至60重量%的聚合物粉末。
产生第二混合物可以在1500rpm至2500rpm下进行10分钟至30分钟。
导电材料可以包括炭黑Super P,活性材料可以包括石墨。制成粘土状产品可以在1500rpm至2500rpm下进行1分钟至10分钟。
粘土状产品可以包含1重量%至5重量%的干式粘合剂、92重量%至98重量%的活性材料,以及1重量%至3重量%的导电材料。
表面处理可以通过在集电体的表面涂覆厚度在10微米至30微米(μm)范围内的碳来进行。
集电体可以包括铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)、钛(Ti)、钨(W)、铁(Fe)、铬(Cr)、不锈钢,或其组合。
在滚压粘土状产品时,粘土状产品可以在10℃至30℃的温度范围内以1cm/s至5cm/s的速度范围进行辊式压制。
电极可以不使用溶剂。
下面讨论本发明的其它方面和实施方案。
本文所使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其它类似术语一般包括机动车辆,例如包括运动型多用途车辆(SUV)、大客车、卡车、各种商用车辆的乘用车辆,包括各种舟艇和船舶的船只,航空器等等,并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、可插式混合动力电动车辆、氢动力车辆以及其它替代性燃料车辆(例如源于非汽油的能源的燃料)。如本文中所提到的那样,混合动力车辆是具有两种或更多种动力源的车辆,例如兼具汽油动力和电力动力两者的车辆。
下文讨论本发明的上述特征及其他特征。
附图说明
以下将参考附图示出的本发明的某些示例性实施方案来详细描述本发明的上述和其他特征,这些实施方案在下文中仅以说明的方式给出,因此对本发明是非限制性的。
图1是示出根据实施方案的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法的流程图。
图2是示出根据实施方案的制造干电极的方法的流程图。
图3示出了根据实施例和比较实施例的粘合剂性能测试的结果。
图4示出了根据聚合物粉末的比例,在每个充电率下的二次电池充电/放电实验的结果。
图5示出了PEG、PAA、CMC、PVA、PAA-CMC和PTFE各自的电化学性能的结果。
图6示出了使用PVdF粘合剂辊式压制以制造高负载和高密度电极的结果。
图7示出了湿电极和干电极的SEM照片的例子。
图8示出了湿电极和干电极的充电/放电测试的结果。
图9示出了根据湿电极和干电极的负载量,对于每个充电率的电极性能的比较。
图10A示出了在没有预混合的情况下,粘土状产品的SEM图像的例子。
图10B示出了经预混合的粘土状产品的SEM图像的例子。
图11A示出了使用Thinky混合器的粘土状产品的状态的例子。
图11B示出了没有使用Thinky混合器的粘土状产品的状态的例子。
应理解,所附附图并非一定按比例绘制,其示出了简化表示的说明本发明基本原理的各个特征。本发明所公开的本申请的具体设计特征(包括例如具体尺寸、方向、位置和形状)将部分地由具体目标应用和使用的环境来确定。
在这些图中,贯穿附图的多幅图,相同的附图标记表示本发明的相同或等同的部件。
具体实施方式
详细引用本发明的各个实施方案,所述实施方案的实例被显示在附图中并在下文描述。虽然结合示例性实施方案描述了本发明,但本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制于那些示例性实施方案。相反,本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案,而且覆盖可以被包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种替换、修改、等效方式和其他实施方案。
参考以下结合附图的实施方案,可以理解本发明的上述和其他方面、特征及优点。然而,本发明可以以不同的形式体现并且不应解释为限于在本文陈述的实施方案。相反,提供这些实施方案以使本发明全面且完整,并将本发明的范围充分传达给本领域技术人员。
在本申请中,在各个附图中,相同的附图标记指代相同的元件。附图并非一定按比例绘制,在某些情况下,为了清楚地说明本发明的特征,比例可能已经被放大。本文所使用的术语,例如“第一”和/或“第二”可用于描述本发明的各种元件,但这些元件不应被解释为受到这些术语的限制。这些术语仅用于区分一个元件与本发明的其他元件。例如,在不偏离本发明的范围和精神的情况下,第一元件可以被称为第二元件,并且类似地,第二元件也可以被称为第一元件。如在本文中所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该/所述”旨在也包括复数形式。
应理解,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其说明所述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组分、和/或其组合的存在,但是不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组分、和/或其组合。当诸如层、膜、区域或板的部件被称为在另一个部件“上面”时,它不仅指该部件“直接”在另一个部件“上面”,也指在它们之间存在其他部件的情况。相反,当诸如层、膜、区域或板的部件被称为在另一个部件“下面”时,它不仅指该部件“直接”在另一个部件“下面”,也指在它们之间存在其他部件的情况。
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的表示成分、反应条件、聚合物组合物和混合物的量的所有数字、数值和/或表述均为这样的近似值,即其反映了除其它方面外在获得这些数值时固有地存在的各种测量不确定性,由于这些数字在本质上是不同的,所以同样应理解为在所有情况下由术语“约”修饰。此外,当在本说明书中公开数值范围时,除非另有说明,否则这些范围是连续的并且包括范围内从最小值到最大值的所有数值。而且,当这些范围是指整数时,除非另有说明,否则它们包括范围内从最小值到最大值的所有整数。
本发明涉及一种制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法。下面将参考附图更详细地描述本发明的示例性实施方案。图1是示出根据发明的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法的流程图。参考该图,该方法包括:制备含有羟基(-OH)的聚合物粉末(步骤S10);通过将该聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯混合来产生第一混合物(步骤S20)。
首先,在步骤S10中,制备含有羟基(-OH)的聚合物粉末。
聚合物粉末可以具有10,000g/mol至10,000,000g/mol的数均分子量(Mn)或10,000g/mol至10,000,000g/mol的重均分子量(Mw)。
聚合物粉末可以包含量为10重量%或更少的羟基(-OH)。聚合物粉末可以包括聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVA)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、聚环酸(PAA)-羧甲基纤维素(CMC),或其组合。
在此,可使用诸如球磨机的粉碎机将诸如PEG、PVA、PAA或CMC的大颗粒聚合物粉末在30Hz至60Hz的振动下粉碎1分钟至10分钟,形成粉末状。
在步骤S20中,通过将聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯混合来产生第一混合物。
第一混合物可以通过在1500rpm至2500rpm下将它们混合10分钟至30分钟来产生。
在这种情况下,混合方法没有特别的限制,混合可以使用混合器来进行,如Thinky混合器、小型磨机、行星式混合器、球磨机或均质混合器。
第一混合物可以包含40重量%至60重量%的聚四氟乙烯和40重量%至60重量%的聚合物粉末。
以这种方式制造的干式粘合剂具有不使用溶剂的优点。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及一种制造包括干式粘合剂的干电极的方法。图2是示出根据发明的制造干电极的方法的流程图。参考该图,该方法包括:制备含有羟基(-OH)的聚合物粉末(步骤S100);通过将聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯混合来产生第一混合物(步骤S200);通过将活性材料与导电材料混合来产生第二混合物(步骤S300);通过将第一混合物与第二混合物混合来制成粘土状产品(步骤S400);将粘土状产品施加至经表面处理的集电体(步骤S500);以及滚压粘土状产品以制造电极(步骤S500)。
在描述方法之前,第一混合物指的是干式粘合剂,省略步骤S100和S200的描述,因为它们与制造干式粘合剂的方法中的那些步骤等同。
在步骤S100和S200中的聚合物粉末可以包括聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVA)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、聚环酸(PAA)-羧甲基纤维素(CMC),或其组合。第一混合物可以包含40重量%至60重量%的聚四氟乙烯和40重量%至60重量%的聚合物粉末。
在步骤S300中,通过将活性材料与导电材料混合来产生第二混合物。
具体地,导电材料可以包括炭黑Super P,并可与锂二级电池中使用的材料结合使用。
活性材料可以包括石墨。活性材料可以与锂二次电池中使用的材料结合使用。
产生第二混合物的步骤可以在1500rpm至2500rpm下进行10分钟至30分钟。
在步骤S400中,粘土状产品通过将第一混合物与第二混合物混合而制成。粘土状产品可以通过将第一混合物与第二混合物在1500rpm至2500rpm下混合1分钟至10分钟而制成。在此,混合均匀的混合物可以形成膜。
在步骤S300和S400中,混合方法没有特别的限制,混合可以使用混合器来进行,如Thinky混合器、小型磨机、行星式混合器、球磨机或均质混合器。
在步骤S500中,将粘土状产品施加至经表面处理的集电体。
粘土状产品可以包含1重量%至5重量%的干式粘合剂、92重量%至98重量%的活性材料,以及1重量%至3重量%的导电材料。
在此,表面处理可以通过在集电体的表面涂覆厚度为10μm至30μm的碳来进行。在该情况中,集电体可以包括铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)、钛(Ti)、钨(W)、铁(Fe)、铬(Cr)、不锈钢,或其组合。
在步骤S600中,滚压粘土状产品以制造电极。滚压粘土状产品的方法没有特别的限制,可以通过使用一对辊子或用压制机、加热辊压机等加压和热处理来制造电极。
在此,粘土状产品可以通过加热和加压而附着至集电体的表面。在该情况中,粘土状产品可以在10℃至30℃的辊温度范围内以1cm/s至5cm/s的速度范围进行滚压。
具体地,下辊可以设置为温度为20℃,上辊可以设置为温度为20℃,速率为2cm/s,使得粘土状产品通过加热和加压而附着至集电体达到所需的厚度。
以这种方式制造的干电极具有不使用溶剂的优点。
在下文,通过具体的实验例来更详细地描述本发明。下面的实验例仅以示例的方式提供,以帮助理解本发明,本发明的范围不限于此。
实验例1
为了选择根据本发明的方法中活性材料、导电材料和干式粘合剂的比例,进行了以下测试。
测试的目的是减少导电材料的比例,增加活性材料的比例,以提高用本发明的方法生产的阳极与阴极相比的导电性。
活性材料(石墨)、导电材料(Super P)和粘合剂(PTFE)以93:5:2和97:1:2的比例进行测试,以检验性能的变化并选择一个最佳比例。
在下表1中示出了每种组分的加入量。
[表1]
图3示出了根据实施例和比较实施例的粘合剂性能测试的结果。
参考图3,在固体含量为55重量%的PVdF在1/3C的情况下,当活性材料、导电材料和粘合剂的比例分别为93:5:2和97:1:2时,测得的结果为305.7mAh/g和305.1mAh/g,因此可以看出,不同比例的性能没有明显差异。
此外,在1/3C时用PTFE作为粘合剂的情况下,可以看出,当活性材料、导电材料和粘合剂的比例分别为93:5:2和97:1:2时,测得的结果为297.2mAh/g和297.5mAh/g。
因此,由于容量不会随着活性材料(石墨)的增加而明显减少,因此将活性材料、导电材料和粘合剂的比例选择为97:1:2,导电材料的比例很小。
实验例2
为了在根据本发明的方法中选择聚合物粉末(PEG)和PTFE的最佳比例,进行了以下试验。
在下表2中示出了每种组分的加入量。
[表2]
图4示出了根据聚合物粉末的比例,在每个充电率下的二次电池充电/放电测试的结果。
参考图4,当PAA粘合剂和CMC粘合剂以1:1聚合时,PAA和CMC的比例为1:1,因为在2C时容量保持率最高,为81.7%。
实验例3
通过以下方法制造根据本发明的使用聚合物粉末(PEG)的二次电池。
作为阳极活性材料的石墨和作为导电材料的Super P以97重量%和1重量%的重量比通过Thinky混合器在2000rpm下混合2分钟。接下来,在加入实验例2中制造的2重量%的粘合剂之后,再以2000rpm搅拌2分钟,进行成膜。
接下来,将膜附着至厚度为约20μm的经碳涂覆的铜(Cu)集电体,并进行滚压以生产阳极。这是为了提高活性材料、导电材料和粘合剂的粘合力,并有效地将电极材料附着至集电体。使用1M LiPF6作为电解质,其中含有1重量%的FEC添加剂,混合溶剂为碳酸乙烯酯/碳酸二甲酯(体积比:50/50),并使用聚乙烯隔膜作为隔膜。在手套箱中制造电池,在手套箱中保持氩气氛。
在此,将制得的电池在0.01V至2.0V的范围内,以0.1C至2C范围内的电流密度进行充电/放电实验。
实验例4
为了检验用根据本发明的粘合剂制造的锂二级电池的电性能,进行了以下实验。
阳极的组成比例包括重量比为97:1:1:1的活性材料、导电材料、PTFE和粘合剂(PEG、PAA、CMC、PVA、PAA-CMC)。将石墨用作阳极活性材料,市售的Super P用作导电材料。
下表3示出包括实施例和比较实施例中生产的阳极组件的电池的电化学评价结果。
[表3]
参考表3,示出了根据比较实施例和实施例中的电流密度,根据充电/放电的容量。
参考表3,包括使用聚偏氟乙烯(PTFE)的粘合剂的锂离子二次电池在2C时显示出约224mAh/g的性能。此外,在2C时,PEG的性能为280mAh/g,CMC为249mAh/g,PAA为244mAh/g,PVA为243mAh/g,PAA-CMC为230mAh/g。可以看出,所有这些都显示出与根据比较实施例的锂离子二次电池的性能相当的结果。
图5示出了PEG、PAA、CMC、PVA、PAA-CMC和PTFE各自的电化学性能的结果。
参考图5,包括使用聚偏氟乙烯(PTFE)的粘合剂的锂离子二次电池在2C时显示出约224mAh/g的性能。
此外,在2C时,PEG的性能为280mAh/g,CMC为249mAh/g,PAA为244mAh/g,PVA为243mAh/g,PAA-CMC为230mAh/g。可以看出,所有这些都显示出与根据比较实施例的锂离子二次电池的性能相当的结果。
实验例5
为了检验根据本发明制造的电池和湿电池的性能,进行了以下实验。
图6示出了使用PVdF粘合剂辊式压制以制造高负载和高密度电极的结果。在此,由于施加压力形成高密度,在电极上产生了裂纹,可以看到电极与衬底分离。
图7示出了湿电极和干电极的SEM照片。
参考图7,通过SEM图像可以看出,使用PVdF粘合剂时,衬底和电极是分离的,而使用干法的PTFE粘合剂时,与衬底的附着力很大。
因此,PTFE粘合剂是成膜的必要粘合剂。然而,由于PTFE粘合剂具有较低的最低未占分子轨道(LUMO),它在阴极环境中很容易接收电子并参与反应,从而导致容量损失。
因此,通过使用PTFE以外的粘合剂作为添加剂,解决了容量损失问题,并混合其他粘合剂(PEG、PAA、CMC、PVA、PAA-CMC)用于制造高密度且高容量的电池。
根据比较实施例的锂离子电池的阳极通过包括溶剂的湿法如下生产。
根据比较实施例的阳极首先在Thinky混合器中与导电材料和阳极活性材料(石墨)混合,其次与粘合剂和溶剂一起混合。然后,将产生的产品施加至金属集电体,然后在烘箱中进行干燥。各种碳材料都可以用作导电材料,比较实施例中使用了Super P。将PVdF(固体含量:55%)用作粘合剂,并将NMP用作适合粘合剂的溶剂。阳极活性材料、导电材料和粘合剂的含量比为(石墨:Super P:PVdF=97重量%:1重量%:2重量%)。
对根据比较实施例的使用PVdF粘合剂的湿电极和根据实施例的干电极进行充电/放电实验。在此,根据实施例的干电极使用的粘合剂混合有实验例4中生产的PEG和PTFE。
图8示出了湿电极和干电极的充电/放电测试的结果。在此,充电/放电实验是在稳定在0.1C之后,在1/3C、1C和2C测量的数据。
参考图8,可以看出,随着速率的增加,干电极的性能优良。特别地,可以看出,使用混合有PEG和PTFE的粘合剂的电极比只使用PTFE粘合剂的电极显示出更高的性能。
接下来,本技术与湿法电极比较了电化学特性,以评估取代现有湿法的可能性。
通过混合以下表4所示的配方,生产了阳极组件。
[表4]
图9示出了根据湿电极和干电极的负载量,对于每个充电率的电极性能的比较。在此,测试了使用PVDF作为粘合剂的湿电极(比较实施例1),仅使用PTFE作为粘合剂的干电极(实施例1),以及使用PTFE和PEG作为粘合剂的干电极(实施例2)。
参考图9,可以看出,尽管在低负载量(0.008g/cm2)下性能相似,但随着负载量的增加,干电极的性能在高倍率(2C)下表现出色。
特别地,使用PEG混合粘合剂的电极表现出与PTFE相当或更优的性能。
实验例6
为了检验在粘土状产品中预先混合导电材料和活性材料的优势,进行了以下实验。
在本发明中,与电极活性材料相比,导电材料和粘合剂的添加量较少,存在的问题是在没有溶剂的混合过程中,一些颗粒会过度聚集。
因此,为了防止材料的聚集,采用可以增加分散度的Thinky混合器来混合电极材料。此外,还试图通过预混合电极活性材料和导电材料来最大限度地提高导电材料的分散性。
图10A示出了在没有预混合的情况下,粘土状产品的SEM图像。图10B示出了经预混合的粘土状产品的SEM图像。
参考图10A,当所有材料一次混合时,可以看到炭黑整体严重聚集。
在另一方面,参考图10B,可以看出,当在活性材料和导电材料预混合之后混合粘合剂时,导电材料炭黑均匀地分布在电极活性材料周围。
实验例7
为了检验是否由于Thinky混合器的使用而形成了膜,进行了以下实验。
图11A示出了使用Thinky混合器的粘土状产品的状态。图11B示出了没有使用Thinky混合器的粘土状产品的状态。
参考图11A,使用Thinky混合器可以在粘土状产品上形成膜。在另一方面,参考图10B,如果不使用Thinky混合器,就不可能在粘土状产品上形成膜。
从以上描述显而易见,本发明的特征在于:通过限制粘合剂与锂离子二次电池阳极的具有疏水性的阳极材料的混合,抑制了由于充电/放电而导致的从衬底上剥落,并且不使用现有湿法工艺中使用的有害有机溶剂。
此外,本发明具有对所有衬底的高附着力的优点,而没有在使用湿粘合剂时发生的裂纹和从衬底上剥落。
此外,由于根据本发明的电极随着负载的增加在高倍率(2C)下具有优异的性能,因此其可用于阳极并且适用于需要高输出、高寿命和稳定性的电池,例如车辆电池。
本发明不限于上述效果。应理解,本发明包括可以从以上描述中推断出的所有效果。
尽管本发明已经参考其实施方案进行了描述,但本领域技术人员将理解,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围或必要特征的情况下,可以进行各种修改。因此,应理解,上述实施方案只是为了说明各方面的情况,并不旨在限制本发明的范围。
Claims (19)
1.一种制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,所述方法包括:
制备包含羟基的聚合物粉末;以及
通过将聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯混合来产生第一混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,聚合物粉末在30Hz至60Hz的振动下粉碎1分钟至10分钟。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,聚合物粉末的数均分子量在10,000g/mol至1,000,000g/mol的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,聚合物粉末的重均分子量在10,000g/mol至10,000,000g/mol的范围内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,聚合物粉末包含量为10重量%或更少的羟基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,聚合物粉末包括聚乙二醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸、羧甲基纤维素、聚环酸-羧甲基纤维素,或其任何组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,第一混合物的产生在1500rpm至2500rpm下进行10分钟至30分钟。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,第一混合物包括40重量%至60重量%的聚四氟乙烯和40重量%至60重量%的聚合物粉末。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制造用于电极的干式粘合剂的方法,其中,第一混合物是干式粘合剂,并且
干性粘结剂在没有溶剂的情况下形成。
10.一种制造干电极的方法,所述方法包括:
制备含有羟基的聚合物粉末;
通过将聚合物粉末与聚四氟乙烯混合来产生第一混合物;
通过将活性材料与导电材料混合来产生第二混合物;
通过将第一混合物与第二混合物混合来制成粘土状产品;
将粘土状产品施加至经表面处理的集电体;以及
滚压粘土状产品以制造干电极。
11.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,聚合物粉末包括聚乙二醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸、羧甲基纤维素、聚环酸-羧甲基纤维素,或其任何组合,并且
第一混合物包括40重量%至60重量%的聚四氟乙烯和40重量%至60重量%的聚合物粉末。
12.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,第二混合物的产生在1500rpm至2500rpm下进行10分钟至30分钟。
13.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,导电材料包括Super P,并且
活性材料包括石墨。
14.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,粘土状产品的制作在1500rpm至2500rpm下进行1分钟至10分钟。
15.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,粘土状产品包括1重量%至5重量%的干式粘合剂、92重量%至98重量%的活性材料,以及1重量%至3重量%的导电材料。
16.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,表面处理通过在集电体的表面涂覆厚度在10μm至30μm范围内的碳来进行。
17.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,经表面处理的集电体包括铜、镍、钛、钨、铁、铬、不锈钢,或其任何组合。
18.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,在滚压粘土状产品时,在10℃至30℃的温度范围内以1cm/s至5cm/s的速度对粘土状产品进行辊式压制。
19.根据权利要求10所述的制造干电极的方法,其中,干电极不使用溶剂。
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