CN116478140A - 一种3CL pro抑制剂抗病毒药物化合物合成方法 - Google Patents
一种3CL pro抑制剂抗病毒药物化合物合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title description 4
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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- VQNDBXJTIJKJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=NNN=C21 VQNDBXJTIJKJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012317 TBTU Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CLZISMQKJZCZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [benzotriazol-1-yloxy(dimethylamino)methylidene]-dimethylazanium Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(OC(N(C)C)=[N+](C)C)N=NC2=C1 CLZISMQKJZCZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Substances CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- YHUMTHWQGWPJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichloro-4-chloroiminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one Chemical compound ClN=C1C=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C1 YHUMTHWQGWPJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCDNCNXCDXHOMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ritonavir Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1CC(NC(=O)OCC=1SC=NC=1)C(O)CC(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)N(C)CC1=CSC(C(C)C)=N1 NCDNCNXCDXHOMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZGCGKFAPXFTNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCO DZGCGKFAPXFTNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940125675 paxlovid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCDNCNXCDXHOMX-XGKFQTDJSA-N ritonavir Chemical compound N([C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)OCC=1SC=NC=1)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N(C)CC1=CSC(C(C)C)=N1 NCDNCNXCDXHOMX-XGKFQTDJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000311 ritonavir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本申请提供一种3CL pro抑制剂抗病毒药物化合物合成方法。通过式I和式IV化合物的缩合反应,可以应用于抗2019新型冠状病毒类药物化合物V的合成,本申请所述化合物涉及的制备操作简便,有利于工业化生产及产品质量控制。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及药物合成领域,具体地,涉及一种3CL pro抑制剂抗病毒药物分子及中间体的制备方法。
背景技术
近期,由美国辉瑞公司开发的口服新冠特效药Paxlovid(PF-07321332+利托那韦)在3期轻症临床实验中,与安慰剂相比,Paxlovid降低了89%的住院或者死亡风险。相关口服药物的出现对于减低疫情防控的难度,减少医疗资源的投入都存在着积极的意义。
但是相关化合物的合成工艺未见有明确报道,相关同系列化合物的合成方法报道于2021年9月21日公开的美国专利US11124497B1。以及辉瑞公司报道于科学杂志的研究文章SCIENCE,Vol 374, Issue 6575 1586-1593,其合成路线并非汇聚式的工艺路线,整体片段连接后再改变氰基位置基团,原子经济性不高。并且其中酰胺脱水形成腈基的办法是昂贵的伯吉斯试剂,不利于生产成本的控制。同时,使用伯吉斯试剂将产生大量的“三废”,并非绿色环保的方案。
因此,优化PF-07321332的合成路线,发展更高效工业化可生产的技术方案,对于降低药物成本,使相关药物可以尽早的普惠大众,对于早日结束新型冠状病毒大流行具有重大的意义。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种式V化合物的合成方法:
,
由化合物I与化合物VI经脱水缩合条件得到式V化合物。
本申请的又一目的是提供一种式I化合物的制备方法。由化合物III经脱水条件,脱水得到式II化合物,式II化合物在盐酸条件下脱除叔丁氧羰基保护基及形成盐酸盐化合物,通过降温或/和搅拌的方法,得到式I化合物,所述方法包括如下步骤:
。
其中所述脱水条件为脱水剂在碱性条件下与化合物III反应得到化合物II,所述盐酸条件为氯化氢气体与有机溶剂的混合溶液。
与现有技术相比,本申请的合成方法的优势如下:
1. 使用非常廉价易得的脱水试剂代替了非常昂贵,且三废非常大的伯吉斯试剂;
2. 实现高效率汇聚式合成方案。
具体的实施方式
下面通过实施例来描述本申请的实施方式,本领域的技术人员应当认识到,这些具体的实施例仅表明为了达到本申请的目的而选择的实施技术方案,并不是对技术方案的限制。根据本申请的教导,结合现有技术对本申请技术方案的改进是显然的,均属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体要求做进一步调整,未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
其中,在以下实施例中用到的化学品为参考文献报道方案自制化合物或市购的化学试剂。
在本发明的示例性实施方式中,本领域技术人员还可以对所述合成路线做出改变,例如根据需要改变具体的反应条件或对某一步或几步的合成路线做出调整等,这些未脱离本发明的实质内容所做出的改变均在本申请的保护范围内。
实施例1:
在三口瓶中加入化合物VI(3.75 g,10.3 mmol)和化合物I(1.95 g,10.3 mmol),并加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(7.5 mL)和乙酸乙酯(37.5 mL)。开启搅拌,冰水浴降温至5°C。加入EDCI(2.37 g,12.4 mmol)和HOBt(1.67 g,12.4 mmol),滴加DIPEA(3.98 g,30.9 mmol),自然回复室温,反应过夜。加入水(45 mL),分液,水相用EA(45 mL)萃取一次,合并有机相,用1 N盐酸(22 mL)洗,再用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(22 ml)洗,再用饱和食盐水洗(22 mL)。有机相减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯(6 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加甲基叔丁基醚(114 mL),抽滤。滤饼加入乙酸异丙酯(30mL)搅拌溶解,滴加正庚烷(60 mL),抽滤,滤饼真空50℃干燥,得到白色粉末状产物3.93g,收率65.1%。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.38 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 9.02 (d, J =8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 5.00-4.96 (m, 1H), 4.42 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.16(s, 1H), 3.92 (dd, J = 10.4, 6.0 Hz, 1H), 3.70 (d, J = 10.4 Hz, 1H), 3.17-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.45-2.37 (m, 1H), 2.20-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.56(dd, J = 7.6, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.32 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s,9H), 0.85 (s, 3H).
MS (ESI) m/z 计算值:C23H33F3N5O4 [M + H]+ 500.2,测试值500.2。
实施例2:
在三口瓶中加入化合物VI(20.0 g,54.9 mmol)和化合物I(11.4 g,60.4 mmol),并加入乙腈(100 mL),开启搅拌,降温至10~20 °C,滴加吡啶(13.0 g,164.7 mmol),最后加入EDCI(12.6 g,65.9 mmol),10~20 °C反应。反应完全,加入水(100 mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL),分液,水相用EA(100 mL)萃取一次,合并有机相,用1 N盐酸(100 mL)洗,再用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(100 ml)洗,再用水洗(100 mL)。有机相减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯(32 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加甲基叔丁基醚(608 mL),抽滤。滤饼加入乙酸异丙酯(160 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加正庚烷(320 mL),抽滤,滤饼真空50℃干燥,得到白色粉末状产物22.3 g,收率68.8 %。
实施例3:
在三口瓶中加入化合物VI(1.0 g,2.74 mmol)和化合物I(0.57 g,3.02 mmol),并加入乙腈(5 mL),开启搅拌,降温至10~20 °C,滴加DIPEA(1.06 g,8.22 mmol),最后加入HATU(1.56 g,4.11 mmol),10~20 °C反应。反应完全,加入水(5 mL)和乙酸乙酯(5 mL),分液,水相用EA(5 mL)萃取一次,合并有机相,用1 N盐酸(5 mL)洗,再用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(5ml)洗,再用水洗(5 mL)。有机相减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯(1.6 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加甲基叔丁基醚(30.4 mL),抽滤。滤饼加入乙酸异丙酯(8 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加正庚烷(16 mL),抽滤,滤饼真空50℃干燥,得到白色粉末状产物1.03 g,收率63.9 %。
实施例4:
在三口瓶中加入化合物VI(1.0 g,2.74 mmol)和化合物I(0.57 g,3.02 mmol),并加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5 mL),开启搅拌,降温至10~20 °C,滴加DIPEA(1.06 g,8.22mmol),最后加入HATU(1.56 g,4.11 mmol),10~20 °C反应。反应完全,加入水(5 mL)和乙酸乙酯(5 mL),分液,水相用EA(5 mL)萃取一次,合并有机相,用1 N盐酸(5 mL)洗,再用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(5 ml)洗,再用水洗(5 mL)。有机相减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯(1.6 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加甲基叔丁基醚(30.4 mL),抽滤。滤饼加入乙酸异丙酯(8 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加正庚烷(16 mL),抽滤,滤饼真空50℃干燥,得到白色粉末状产物0.94 g,收率58.3 %。
实施例5:
在三口瓶中加入化合物VI(1.0 g,2.74 mmol)和化合物I(0.57 g,3.02 mmol),并加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5 mL),开启搅拌,降温至10~20 °C,滴加DIPEA(1.06 g,8.22mmol),最后加入EDCI(0.63 g,3.29 mmol)和HOBt(0.45 g,3.29 mmol),10~20 °C反应。反应完全,加入水(5 mL)和乙酸乙酯(5 mL),分液,水相用EA(5 mL)萃取一次,合并有机相,用1 N盐酸(5 mL)洗,再用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(5 ml)洗,再用水洗(5 mL)。有机相减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯(1.6 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加甲基叔丁基醚(30.4 mL),抽滤。滤饼加入乙酸异丙酯(8 mL)搅拌溶解,滴加正庚烷(16 mL),抽滤,滤饼真空50℃干燥,得到白色粉末状产物0.98 g,收率60.8 %。
实施例6:
2 L三口瓶中加入化合物III(100 g,0.369 mol),乙酸乙酯(1000 mL),氮气保护,10~20 °C搅拌,滴加吡啶(175 g,2.214 mol)和三氟乙酸酐(170 g,0.812 mol),10~20 °C反应。反应完全,加入10%的NaCl溶液(400 mL),搅拌,分液,水相用乙酸乙酯(300 mL)萃取一次,合并有机相,加入0.1 N HCl(300 mL)洗涤一次,加入10%的NaCl溶液(200 mL)和碳酸氢钠(20 g),搅拌分液,有机相浓缩至干,加入乙酸异丙酯(100 mL)套蒸一次,再加入乙酸异丙酯(300 mL),搅拌,过滤,滤饼用乙酸异丙酯(100 mL)淋洗一次,烘干得到类白色固体74.7 g,收率80.1%。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.82-7.39 (m, 2H), 4.76-4.70 (q, J = 8.2Hz, 1H), 3.18-3.11 (m, 2H), 2.32-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.22-2.15 (dddd, J = 12.1,8.9, 5.9, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 2.07-2.00 (ddd, J = 14.3, 8.5, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 1.79-1.66(m, 2H), 1.41 (s, 9H).
MS (ESI) m/z 计算值:C12H19N3O3 [M + H]+ 254.1,测试值253.9。
实施例7:
250 mL三口瓶中加入化合物II(20 g,80.0 mmol)和无水乙醇(80 mL),开启搅拌,氮气保护,20~30 °C滴加33%盐酸乙醇(13.1 g,120 mmol),升温至40~50 °C反应。反应完全后,降温搅拌,过滤,滤饼用无水乙醇(40 mL)淋洗,真空烘干得白色粉末状产物13.5 g,收率90.1%。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.51-9.45 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 3H), 7.97-7.94(d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.83-4.78 (dt, J = 9.0, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.24-3.18 (qd, J =6.2, 3.0 Hz, 2H), 2.65-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.37-2.31 (ddd, J = 12.2, 6.1, 3.1 Hz,1H), 2.31-2.18 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.98 (ddd, J = 13.6, 9.2, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.78-1.70(ddd, J = 12.7, 6.2, 3.3 Hz, 1H)。
MS (ESI) m/z 计算值:C7H11N3O [M + H]+ 154.1,测试值153.9。
本申请包括但不限于以上实施例,凡是在本申请精神的原则下进行的任何等同替代或局部改进,都将视为在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有式V化合物的合成方法,由化合物I与化合物VI经脱水缩合得到式V化合物:
。
2.根据权利要求1所述脱水缩合条件为在有机溶剂中,碱性条件下在脱水缩合剂的作用下化合物I和化合物VI脱水缩合形成化合物V。
3.根据权利要求2所述脱水剂为1-乙基- (3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(EDCI),2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU),O-苯并三氮唑-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HBTU),O-苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸(TBTU)。
4.根据权利要求2所述碱性条件为2.5~5倍摩尔当量的碱。
5.根据权利要求4所述碱为二异丙基乙基胺,和/或吡啶。
6.根据权利要求2所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯,乙腈,四氢呋喃,乙酸异丙酯,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的一种溶剂或多种溶剂混合的体系。
7.一种具有式I结构的化合物或其盐的制备方法,可由化合物III经脱水条件得到式II化合物,式II化合物在盐酸条件下脱除叔丁氧羰基保护基及形成盐酸盐化合物,通过降温或/和搅拌的方法,得到式I化合物,所述方法包括如下步骤:
。
8.根据权利要求7所述脱水条件为脱水剂在碱性条件下与化合物III反应得到化合物II。
9.根据权利要求7所述盐酸条件为,氯化氢气体与有机溶剂的混合溶液。
10.根据权利要求8所述脱水剂为三氟乙酸酐。
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