CN116474154A - 用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴及其应用 - Google Patents
用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴及其应用,由外至内依次包括:防水层、保护层、纱布层及水凝胶层,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为0.5~2wt%,硼砂的含量为0.1~1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为1~10wt%。本发明通过将葛根素‑硼砂‑聚乙烯醇水凝胶层用于创可贴中,实现了创可贴可有效促进糖尿病伤口的愈合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及创可贴技术领域。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴及其应用。
背景技术
糖尿病患者伤口易迁延不愈,严重影响患者生活质量,甚至造成肢体溃烂截肢等严重后果。因此,该类人群尤其要注意皮肤的防护,防微杜渐,伤口早期的愈合尤为关键。市面上现有创可贴多针对于正常人群的普通伤口,或无药效物质仅起到覆盖保护伤口的作用,或药效物质仅适用于正常人群的普通伤口,缺乏针对于糖尿病患者这类特殊体质人群(周围神经病变,血管病变,慢性炎症,易感染)伤口的创可贴。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是解决至少上述问题,并提供至少后面将说明的优点。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,其通过将葛根素-硼砂-聚乙烯醇水凝胶层用于创可贴中,实现了创可贴可有效促进糖尿病伤口的愈合。
为了实现本发明的这些目的和其它优点,提供了一种用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,由外至内依次包括:
防水层、保护层、纱布层及水凝胶层,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
优选的是,水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为0.5~2wt%,硼砂的含量为0.1~1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为1~10wt%。
优选的是,防水层为聚氨酯薄膜、医用弹性布胶布、聚乙烯塑料薄膜中的一种。
优选的是,多个球体,多个球体中任意相邻两个球体通过纤维纺线连接,其中,所述球体为橡胶球、纤维素颗粒、棉纺颗粒、纳米银颗粒、活性炭颗粒中的一种。
优选的是,纱布层为纯棉纱布、凡士林纱布中的一种。
本发明还提供了一种创可贴在促进糖尿病伤口愈合方面的应用。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果:
本发明提供一种促进糖尿病伤口愈合的水凝胶创可贴,创可贴内部结构主体为葛根素-硼砂-聚乙烯醇水凝胶,可以在伤口处持续释放水分和药效物质,硼砂化腐生肌,葛根素可以促进血管新生扩充血管,改善末梢循环促进伤口愈合。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现,部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例5所制备的创可贴的结构示意图;
图2为本发明血液相容性测试结果;
图3为本发明外敷仔鼠皮肤安全性测试结果;
图4为本发明凝胶敷料抑菌作用研究结果;
图5为本发明促进糖尿病伤口愈合效果研究结果。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
<实施例1>
用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,由外至内依次包括:
防水层1、保护层2、纱布层3及水凝胶层4,其中,水凝胶层4的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为0.5wt%,硼砂的含量为0.1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为1wt%。
防水层1为医用弹性布胶布。
保护层2包括多个球体,多个球体中任意相邻两个球体通过纤维纺线连接,球体为棉纺颗粒。
纱布层3为纯棉纱布。
<实施例2>
用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,由外至内依次包括:
防水层1、保护层2、纱布层3及水凝胶层4,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为1wt%,硼砂的含量为0.5wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为5wt%。
防水层1为聚乙烯塑料薄膜。
保护层2包括多个球体,多个球体中任意相邻两个球体通过纤维纺线连接,球体为纤维素颗粒。
纱布层3为凡士林纱布。
<实施例3>
用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,由外至内依次包括:
防水层1、保护层2、纱布层3及水凝胶层4,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为2wt%,硼砂的含量为1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为10wt%。
防水层1为聚氨酯薄膜,该材料具有高防水性能且具有良好的透气透湿性,是一种对人体皮肤无害的环保材料。
保护层2包括多个球体,多个球体中任意相邻两个球体通过纤维纺线连接,球体为纳米银颗粒。
纱布层3为纯棉纱布。
<实施例4>
用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,由外至内依次包括:
防水层1、保护层2、纱布层3及水凝胶层4,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为0.5%,硼砂的含量为1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为5wt%。
防水层1为聚氨酯薄膜。该材料具有高防水性能且具有良好的透气透湿性,是一种对人体皮肤无害的环保材料。
保护层2包括多个球体,多个球体中任意相邻两个橡胶球通过纤维纺线连接,球体为活性炭颗粒。
纱布层3为纯棉纱布。
<实施例5>
用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,由外至内依次包括:
防水层1、保护层2、纱布层3及水凝胶层4,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为1%,硼砂的含量为1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为5wt%。
防水层1为聚氨酯薄膜,该材料具有高防水性能且具有良好的透气透湿性,是一种对人体皮肤无害的环保材料。
保护层2包括多个橡胶球,多个橡胶球中任意相邻两个橡胶球通过纤维纺线连接,橡胶球为医用级,直径为0.1mm-1mm,整层为透气加压以及保护伤口的作用。
纱布层3为纯棉纱布。
<实施例6>
用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,由外至内依次包括(内层为与皮肤接触的层):
防水层1、保护层2、纱布层3及水凝胶层4,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为2%,硼砂的含量为1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为5wt%。
防水层1为聚氨酯薄膜,该材料具有高防水性能且具有良好的透气透湿性,是一种对人体皮肤无害的环保材料,小球间由可降解纤维纺线交织成网。
保护层2包括多个橡胶球,多个橡胶球中任意相邻两个橡胶球通过纤维纺线连接,橡胶球为医用级,直径为0.1mm-1mm,整层为透气加压以及保护伤口的作用。
纱布层3为纯棉纱布。
<对比例1>
基于实施例5的方法制备用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,其中水凝胶层的制备方法为:将硼砂、聚乙烯醇、水混合即得到水凝胶层,硼砂为1wt%,聚乙烯醇为5wt%。
<实验表征>
1生物相容性
1.1溶血活性测定以评估血液相容性
取实施例5的方法制备水凝胶层,并评价水凝胶层的血液相容性
健康大鼠腹主动脉取血至柠檬酸钠抗凝采血管,分为5个离心管,每管收集500μL大鼠血液,并在4℃,3500转5分钟,下层红细胞用5mL生理盐水重新悬浮并再离心3次,实验组包括实施例5所获得的水凝胶层组、对比例1所获得的的水凝胶层组、及聚乙烯醇组,阴性对照组(生理盐水)和阳性对照(Triton X-100)计算溶血程度,其中,实验组中每组分别取250mg原料(水凝胶)于三个离心管中(加有大鼠血液),阴性对照组取250mg生理盐水于离心管中,阳性对照组取250mg Triton X-100于离心管中,并加入1mL红细胞室温放置3h,再计算溶血程度,所有样品均以3500rpm的转速离心5分钟,取上层溶液用酶标仪检测545nm处的吸光度检测如图2所示(Triton X-100:阳性对照;normal saline:生理盐水,阴性对照;PVA:polyvinyl alcohol,聚乙烯醇;PVA-B:聚乙烯醇-硼砂水凝胶;PVA-B-P:聚乙烯醇-硼砂-葛根素水凝胶);
结果分析:水凝胶样本溶血率低于5%,符合国际标准,具有良好的血液生物相容性。
1.2创可贴中的水凝胶层敷外敷仔鼠皮肤安全性测试
取实施例5所获得的水凝胶层进行实验
在水凝胶安全性评价中,我们选取16只新生SD仔鼠,皮肤为生长毛发,较为娇嫩,对外界刺激更为敏感。仔鼠共分为4组,每组4只,其中,正常组4只外敷生理盐水,一组使用水凝胶层外敷3h,一组使用水凝胶层外敷12h组,剩余一组使用水凝胶层外敷24h,将水凝胶层外敷在仔鼠背部(如图3中A),分别在外敷水凝胶层后相应时间点取皮肤组织,通过HE染色与马松染色评价仔鼠皮肤病理状态,评估水凝胶外敷的安全性。
结果分析:如图3所示,各组仔鼠皮肤均无明显的出血,红斑等不良反应。病理切片HE染色(图3C)与Masson染色(图3D)显示各组皮肤无皮下出血,血细胞仍在血管内(箭头),可见清晰的基底层,棘细胞层,颗粒层,角质层和少量成纤维细胞。马松染色显示皮肤组织结构较为疏松,含有较多的胶原纤维(蓝色)。
2、创可贴凝胶敷料抑菌作用研究
取实施例4、实施例5、实施例6所制备的水凝胶层
皮肤表皮的主要菌群位金黄色葡萄球菌,也是糖尿病伤口感染延迟愈合的主要菌株。因此我们评估了水凝胶层料对于金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果。具体步骤为:(1)将10毫升细菌悬浮液[106菌落形成单位CFU)/mL]添加到灭菌的肉汤培养基中。(2)分别取实施例4、实施例5、实施例6所获取的水凝胶层1毫升,并分别接种培养基中,对照组加等量的培养基。(3)37℃摇床孵育24小时后,将混合物稀释106并涂在固体肉汤培养基上。(4)37℃孵育20h后,计数琼脂平板上的菌落数。结果以杀灭百分比表示,试验重复3次。
结果分析:如图4中AB所示,对照组细菌涂板可见大量菌株,水凝胶层对应的平板上得细菌数量显著少于对照组,且抑菌效果随着葛根素浓度的增加依次递增(图4C),表示本申请的水凝胶层可显著抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的生长,这为其促进糖尿病伤口愈合提供了依据。
3水凝胶敷料创可贴促进糖尿病伤口愈合效果研究
3.1糖尿病皮肤伤口模型制备
24只SPF级SD大鼠适应性喂养后禁食14h,在大鼠空腹状态下腹腔注射1%的链霉素柠檬酸溶液(65mg/kg,)。72h后尾静脉采血测量空腹血糖水平。血糖水平稳定在16.7毫摩尔/升时,说明糖尿病模型(diabetes mellitus,DM)造模成功。后将大鼠异氟烷吸入麻醉,脊椎左侧与右侧各旁2cm作为造模区域,剪毛、脱毛处理,碘伏消毒。使用打孔器将造模区中心皮肤进行全层切除,直径约8mm,深及皮下,不破坏筋膜,碘伏消毒包扎,制成皮肤全层缺损模型。
使用随机数字表法将大鼠随机分为4组,每组6只,均构建为糖尿病模型后,随机分为糖尿病(DM)组,葛根素(DM-P,葛根素1wt%,其余为凡士林)组,对比例1(DM-B)组,实施例5(DM-BP)组。DM组使用凡士林和纱布处理,DM-P组使用加入葛根素与凡士林混合物及纱布进行处理,DM-B组先使用凡士林处理,再使用对比例1所制备的水凝胶创可贴,DM-BP组先使用凡士林进行处理,再使用由实施例5所制备的创可贴处理。各组每天更换药物,加入药物的量以覆盖伤口为准。
3.2创面收缩率的计算
于造模后第3、7、10天对创面进行拍照,使用Image-J软件测定实际创面面积。后计算创面收缩率,创面收缩率=[(原始面积-测量面积)/原始面积]×100%,原始面积为皮肤创伤造模当天实际创面面积。当大鼠创面收缩率≥90%时,可判定为创面愈合,此时所需的治疗天数,即为创面愈合时间。
3.3创面愈合情况对比
如图5所示,第3天时,DM-B与DM-BP组创口愈合率均高于模型组,表现出促进伤口愈合的作用(***P<0.001,****P<0.0001),同时DM-BP组促进伤口愈合的效果也显著优于DM-B组(###P<0.001)与DM-P组(###P<0.001);DM-P组未表现出促进糖尿病伤口愈合的作用。第7天时,DM-B与DM-BP组创口愈合率均高于模型组,表现出促进伤口愈合的作用(**P<0.01,****P<0.0001),同时DM-BP组促进伤口愈合的效果也显著优于DM-B组(#P<0.05)与DM-P组(####P<0.0001);DM-P组未表现出促进糖尿病伤口愈合的作用。第10天时,DM-B与DM-BP组创口愈合率均高于模型组,表现出促进伤口愈合的作用(**P<0.01,****P<0.0001),同时DM-BP组促进伤口愈合的效果也显著优于DM-B组(#P<0.05)与DM-P组(####P<0.0001);DM-P组未表现出促进糖尿病伤口愈合的作用。综上,葛根素-硼砂-聚乙烯醇水凝胶创可贴可显著提高葛根素促进伤口愈合的效果,且效果优于硼砂-聚乙烯醇水凝胶创可贴与常规葛根素凡士林外敷药物,是一种促进糖尿病伤口愈合的理想材料。
这里说明的设备数量和处理规模是用来简化本发明的说明的。对本发明用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴的应用、修改和变化对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。
Claims (6)
1.用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,其特征在于,由外至内依次包括:
防水层、保护层、纱布层及水凝胶层,其中,水凝胶层的制备方法为:将葛根素加入水中混合,得到混合液,然后将硼砂加入混合液中混合,得到澄清溶液,向澄清溶液中加入聚乙烯醇混合,即得到水凝胶层。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,其特征在于,水凝胶层中,葛根素的含量为0.5~2wt%,硼砂的含量为0.1~1wt%,聚乙烯醇的含量为1~10wt%。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,其特征在于,防水层为聚氨酯薄膜、医用弹性布胶布、聚乙烯塑料薄膜中的一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,其特征在于,保护层包括多个球体,多个球体中任意相邻两个球体通过纤维纺线连接,其中,所述球体为橡胶球、纤维素颗粒、棉纺颗粒、纳米银颗粒、活性炭颗粒中的一种。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于糖尿病伤口的水凝胶敷料创可贴,其特征在于,纱布层为纯棉纱布、凡士林纱布中的一种。
6.如权利要求1~5中任意一项所述的创可贴在促进糖尿病伤口愈合方面的应用。
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