CN116425867A - 一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备方法及其应用,所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,是采用猪伪狂犬病活疫苗进行基础免疫,再使用猪伪狂犬病灭活疫苗进行强化免疫后,分离血清制备的,其中和抗体效价≥1:512。本发明公开了一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备方法,所制备的免疫球蛋白主要用于猪伪狂犬病的净化。该免疫球蛋白用猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失活疫苗基础免疫,猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失灭活疫苗强化免疫,采血、分离血清,经β‑丙内酯灭活后硫酸铵沉淀、纯化、过滤除菌,加适宜保护剂制成,用于猪伪狂犬病的净化。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于动物病毒学抗体制备技术领域,具体涉及一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)引起的以发热、奇痒、脑脊髓炎为主要特征的一种烈性传染病。猪是伪狂犬病毒的天然宿主,该病对我国的养猪业危害极大,常在猪群中爆发流行,可感染各个年龄段的猪,主要引起妊娠母猪流产、死胎、木乃伊胎,哺乳仔猪高死亡率及种猪不育等,同时能够侵染感染猪的中枢神经系统和呼吸道等器官,给养猪业造成巨大的损失。
伪狂犬病在世界多数地区流行,但美国、加拿大、新西兰和许多欧盟成员已成功灭除该病。2004年,美国宣布猪伪狂犬病成功净化。美国伪狂犬病净化成功有三个关键因素:一是有很清晰的种群净化计划;二是有专门的疫苗,可区分野毒感染与免疫活疫苗;三是有效的诊断和检测程序。对我国20多个省市伪狂犬病的流行情况进行了调查,发现猪场阳性率高达80%,猪群阳性率为60%左右。伪狂犬病毒潜伏感染的特性,是造成该病难以诊断和根除的原因。当猪处于潜伏感染状态,应激(寒冷)与免疫抑制疾病的出现,增加伪狂犬病发生的几率。慢性感染引起母猪繁殖性能下降,表现出返情、木乃伊胎、死胎和仔猪死亡率升高。携带病原的新母猪由于受到应激而排毒,从而导致整个猪群持续感染。
免疫球蛋白是一类具有抗体活性的球蛋白,普遍存在于动物血液、组织液及外分泌液中,是机体免疫系统的重要组成成分,在抗感染中发挥重要作用。开发一种针对猪伪狂犬病病毒的高活性的特异性免疫球蛋白,用于病毒的清除,可有效净化猪伪狂犬病病毒。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备方法及其应用,从而弥补现有技术的不足。
本发明首先提供一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,是采用猪伪狂犬病活疫苗进行基础免疫,再使用猪伪狂犬病灭活疫苗进行强化免疫后,分离血清制备的,其中和抗体效价≥1:512。
所述的采用猪伪狂犬病活疫苗,为猪伪狂犬病病毒双基因缺失(gE和gI)病毒株制备的疫苗,其中病毒含量不低于108.0TCID50/ml;
所述的灭活疫苗,是猪伪狂犬病病毒液高压匀浆后进行超滤浓缩,然后层析纯化,纯化后的抗原液灭活,加入佐剂制成灭活疫苗;
所述的佐剂,作为实施例的一个具体记载,为IMS251C VG佐剂;
所述的分离血清制备,是在上清液中加入β-丙内酯,灭活后经37℃水解2小时;取灭活后的上清与纯化水按比例稀释,按15%(w/v)加入固体硫酸铵搅拌,离心收集上清;按8.0%(w/v)加入固体硫酸铵搅拌,离心收集沉淀。将沉淀按1:20(w/v)比例加入PBS重悬,离心收集上清,0.22μm过滤除菌。采用ProteinG Besttarose 4FF层析洗脱收集目的蛋白,调pH值至7.2~7.4,0.22μm过滤除菌,即为免疫球蛋白。
本发明所提供的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白用于制备用于猪伪狂犬病毒净化的制品。
本发明公开了一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备方法,所制备的免疫球蛋白主要用于猪伪狂犬病的净化。该免疫球蛋白用猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失活疫苗基础免疫,猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失灭活疫苗强化免疫,采血、分离血清,经β-丙内酯灭活后硫酸铵沉淀、纯化、过滤除菌,加适宜保护剂制成,用于猪伪狂犬病的净化。采用本发明所述方法制备的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白纯净,无菌、支原体及外源病毒污染,特异性好,不含除猪伪狂犬病病毒抗体外的其他猪常见病原抗体。对于猪场猪伪狂犬病的净化具有重要意义。
附图说明
图1:制备的免疫球蛋白的SDS-PAGE分析结果图,其中M:蛋白maker;1:样品F(8.0%SAS离心后沉淀);2:样品F(8.0%SAS离心后沉淀);3:样品E(8.0%SAS离心后上清);4:样品D(调pH值至7.2上清);5:样品C(15%SAS沉淀);6:样品B(15%SAS上清);7:样品A(稀释的血浆);8:样品H(取样上清);9:样品I(取样沉淀);10:样品J(穿过液);11:洗脱液K1;12:洗脱液K2;13:洗脱液K3;14:洗脱液K4;15:洗脱液K5。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明所述技术方案作进一步的说明。
实施例1免疫原制备
(1)悬浮型BHK-21细胞复苏及传代将冻存的悬浮型BHK-21细胞从液氮罐中取出,在37℃快速融化,以1000r/min离心5分钟,弃上清,用BHK SLM-S细胞培养液重悬后移入细胞摇瓶中,置37℃、以105r/min摇床培养。待细胞密度达到4.0×106~6.0×106个/ml,活率达95%的细胞以1:8~1:10比例传代培养。
(2)生物反应器培养生物反应器接种细胞前进行溶氧(DO)电极、pH电极、温度电极校准,罐体高压灭菌。根据培养体积预先泵入70%培养体积的培养液,设置最佳培养条件:温度37℃,转速50r/min,pH值6.9,溶氧(DO)值40%。当细胞摇瓶培养的种细胞密度不低于4.0×106个/ml,细胞活率不低于95%时,混合均匀后用管道转移至一级生物反应器,使罐内细胞密度为5.0×105~7.0×105个/ml。当细胞密度达到2.0×106~3.0×106个/ml时,将生产毒种按1.0%(v/v)比例接种细胞,37℃培养42~48小时收获病毒液,-15℃以下保存。取样进行无菌检验和病毒含量测定。结果无菌检验合格,病毒含量为108.32TCID50/ml。
(3)浓缩纯化收获病毒液高压匀浆后经100KD超滤浓缩设备进行浓缩至原体积的1/10,将浓缩后的病毒液采用层析纯化,收获抗原液经0.45μm过滤后,取样进行蛋白含量(Lowry法)和病毒含量测定。蛋白浓度为1.15mg/ml,病毒含量为108.68TCID50/ml。
(4)灭活将纯化后的抗原液导入灭活罐内均匀搅拌,加入0.2mol/L BEI溶液(使BEI终浓度为0.005mol/L),充分混合后作用1小时,将病毒液转移至另一灭活罐中,置37℃条件下灭活48小时,期间2~4小时搅拌1次。
(5)灭活阻断在灭活的抗原液中加入过滤除菌的2.0mol/L硫代硫酸钠溶液,使其终浓度为0.005mol/L,室温作用2小时。灭活后的抗原液置2~8℃保存,应不超过30日。
(6)半成品检验
无菌检验按现行《中国兽药典》附录进行检验,结果无菌生长。
灭活检验取灭活后的抗原液,10倍稀释后接种长有单层BHK-21细胞的6孔培养板2孔,每孔1.0ml,置37℃吸附1小时后弃去,加入含2.0%新生牛血清的DMEM培养液,同时设病毒对照和正常细胞对照,37℃培养4~5日。接种细胞冻融收获后再盲传2代,仍无CPE出现,结果灭活完全。
(7)疫苗制备将高压灭菌的IMS251C VG佐剂与灭活后的抗原液按1:4(w/w)的比例配苗,将佐剂缓慢加入灭活后的病毒液中,以500r/min搅拌20~40分钟,制成均匀制剂,作为免疫原。
实施例2猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的制备
(1)制造用动物猪场近3年无传染病发生,包括非洲猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、伪狂犬病病毒、猪链球菌2型。选用5头猪隔离饲养7日以上,每日进行临床及体温检查。实验前动物舍经过严格的消毒处理,实验期间严格控制动物舍的环境卫生和人员流动,避免交叉污染。
(2)免疫程序肌肉多点注射灭活前浓缩抗原(108.50TCID50/ml)3头,每头10头份作为基础免疫;基础免疫后14日,肌肉多点注射猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失灭活疫苗,每头20头份进行加强免疫;加强免疫后14日,肌肉多点注射猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失灭活疫苗,每头10头份。
同时设2头猪伪狂犬病病毒Bartha-K61株免疫组作为对照。每头10头份作为基础免疫;基础免疫后14日,肌肉多点注射猪伪狂犬病病毒Bartha-K61株灭活疫苗,每头20头份进行加强免疫;加强免疫后14日,肌肉多点注射猪伪狂犬病病毒Bartha-K61株灭活疫苗,每头10头份。
(3)试血强化免疫后14日开始每隔7日采血,分离血清测定血清中和抗体效价,详见表1。根据免疫结果,猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失疫苗免疫组中和抗体效价高于Bartha-K61株免疫组。
表1:中和抗体效价测定结果表
(4)采血将猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失疫苗免疫组3头猪颈动脉采血,收集于盛有5%枸椽酸钠溶液的容器中,血液与枸椽酸钠溶液的比例为9:1(v/v),2~8℃以4000r/min离心30分钟,取上清收集于无菌容器中,置2~8℃备用。收获血液量为12100ml。
(5)灭活在上清液中加入1/4000(v/v)β-丙内酯,混合均匀,置2~8℃灭活24小时(每隔4小时振摇1次),灭活后经37℃水解2小时。
(6)硫酸铵盐析取灭活后的上清与纯化水按1:1比例稀释(样品A),用2.0mol/LHCl调pH值至5.0~5.2,按15%(w/v)加入固体硫酸铵,室温搅拌20分钟后静置1小时。以4000r/min离心30分钟,收集上清(样品B,沉淀为样品C)。用2.0mol/L NaOH调pH值至7.0~7.2(样品D),按8.0%(w/v)加入固体硫酸铵,室温搅拌20分钟后静置1小时。以4000r/min离心30分钟,收集沉淀(样品F,上清为样品E)。
(7)纯化将沉淀按1:20(w/v)比例加入PBS(pH值7.2)重悬,以12000r/min离心10分钟收集上清(样品H,沉淀为样品I),0.22μm过滤除菌。按照蛋白纯化仪的操作说明进行操作,采用ProteinG Besttarose 4FF层析填料装柱,用PBS清洗至基线平稳后上样,再用PBS(pH值7.2)洗去未与层析柱结合的杂蛋白;最后用洗脱缓冲液(pH值2.7,0.1mol/L甘氨酸-盐酸)洗脱收集目的蛋白。SDS-PAGE分析结果见图1。表明经纯化后,免疫球蛋白纯度可达90%以上。
(8)超滤将洗脱目的蛋白用1.0mol/L Tris·Cl(pH值9.0)调pH值至7.2~7.4,用10kD的膜包进行超滤,去除小分子物质,0.22μm过滤除菌,即为免疫球蛋白半成品,为6003ml。
(9)分装免疫球蛋白半成品稀释至中和抗体效价为1:512,定量分装,加盖密封,贴签,2~8℃保存,共制备573瓶。进行性状检验、无菌检验、支原体检验、外源病毒检验、中和效价测定、特异性检验。结果性状为澄清液体,久置瓶底有少量白色沉淀,无菌、支原体及外源病毒污染,能特异性中和猪伪狂犬病病毒,不能与猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪细小病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒发生特异性荧光反应,中和抗体效价为1:512。
实施例3猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的应用
(1)为研究猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白对猪体内猪伪狂犬病病毒的净化作用,将免疫球蛋白以3.0ml/kg的剂量肌肉注射攻毒猪体内。采用荧光定量PCR方法检测体内的病毒载量。
(2)将21日龄健康易感猪滴鼻2.0ml猪伪狂犬病病毒CY株(107.0TCID50/ml,每个鼻孔1.0ml),攻毒后24小时用猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白以3.0ml/kg的剂量进行病毒的净化,攻毒后观察记录试验猪临床发病和死亡情况,并逐日采集扁桃体组织,进行荧光定量PCR检测。待扁桃体荧光定量PCR检测阴性时,将所有试验猪剖杀,采集心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、脑、淋巴结、扁桃体组织进行荧光定量PCR检测。结果各脏器检测均为阴性,表明猪体内猪伪狂犬病病毒达到净化,扁桃体组织的荧光定量PCR检测可作为净化检测的标准。
Claims (10)
1.一种猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白是采用猪伪狂犬病活疫苗进行基础免疫,再使用猪伪狂犬病灭活疫苗进行强化免疫后,分离血清制备的。
2.如权利要求1所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白的中和抗体效价≥1:512。
3.如权利要求1所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗,为猪伪狂犬病病毒双基因缺失病毒株制备的疫苗,
4.如权利要求3所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的双基因缺失病毒株,为gE和gI基因缺失的病毒株。
5.如权利要求1所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗中病毒含量不低于108.0TCID50/ml。
6.如权利要求1所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的灭活疫苗,是猪伪狂犬病病毒液高压匀浆后进行超滤浓缩,然后层析纯化,纯化后的抗原液灭活,加入佐剂制成灭活疫苗。
7.如权利要求6所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的佐剂为IMS251C VG佐剂。
8.如权利要求1所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白,其特征在于,所述的分离血清制备,是在上清液中加入β-丙内酯,灭活后经37℃水解2小时;取灭活后的上清与纯化水按比例稀释,按15%加入固体硫酸铵搅拌,离心收集上清;按8.0%加入固体硫酸铵搅拌,离心收集沉淀。将沉淀按1:20比例加入PBS重悬,离心收集上清,0.22μm过滤除菌。采用ProteinGBesttarose 4FF层析洗脱收集目的蛋白,调pH值至7.2~7.4,0.22μm过滤除菌获得免疫球蛋白。
9.权利要求1所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白在制备用于猪伪狂犬病毒净化的制品中的应用。
10.一种用于猪伪狂犬病毒净化的制品,其特征在于,所述的制品中包含有权利要求1所述的猪伪狂犬病病毒免疫球蛋白。
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