CN116359489A - 一种免疫检测试剂盒及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种检测RBP4蛋白表达水平的试剂盒,所述的试剂盒由有效量的RBP4蛋白和两株有效量的抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体以及配套的检测试剂组成,所述两株抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体为单克隆抗体1和单克隆抗体2,所述的编码单克隆抗体1的重链可变区和轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.1和SEQ ID NO.2所示,所述的编码单克隆抗体2的重链可变区和轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.3和SEQ ID NO.4所示。本发明的试剂盒具有灵敏度高、线性范围宽、检测速度快的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,具体涉及一种免疫检测试剂盒及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
视黄醇结合蛋白(Retinol blinding protein,RBP)为血浆中由肝脏分泌的一种小分子蛋白质,半衰期较短,是血液中维生素A的特异转运蛋白,能较敏感地反映机体的疾病状况。以往认为RBP是肾脏疾病早期诊断和疗效观察的敏感指标,但近年越来越多的研究发现,血清RBP或尿液RBP水平与人体肾功能、肝功能、临床营养状况、流行性出血热、肿瘤诊断等方面均密切相关。
RBP以肝脏合成为主,血清、脑脊液、尿及其他体液为辅。目前已发现七种不同的RBP亚型,主要分布于血液循环系统(RBP4,简称RBP)、细胞(RBP1,RBP2,RBP5,RBP6,RBP7,简称RBPs)和视网膜光感受器间(RBP3,简称IRBP)。
目前,视黄醇结合蛋白的检测方法有酶联免疫吸附法目前,视黄醇结合蛋白的检测方法有酶联免疫吸附法(ELISE)、免疫透射比浊法、放射免疫法(IRMA)和免疫电泳法等。其中免疫比浊法利用全自动生化分析仪来检测,没有放射源、较环保,而且稳定性、精密度和准确性性能良好,在临床常规检测中有广泛的应用。然而在体液中RBP的浓度较低,致使其特异性和敏感性不好,不便于临床上的广泛应用。
单克隆抗体是人工制备的杂交瘤细胞生产的,杂交瘤细胞是由一个经抗原激活后的B细胞与一个骨髓瘤细胞融合形成。单克隆抗体优点:纯度高,灵敏度高,特异性强,交叉反应少,制备的成本低。缺点:对技术有一定的要求,而且通过抗原的化学处理很容易丢失表位。
1975年分子生物学家G.J.F.克勒和C.米尔斯坦在自然杂交技术的基础上,创建立杂交瘤技术,他们把可在体外培养和大量增殖的小鼠骨髓瘤细胞与经抗原免疫后的纯系小鼠B细胞融合,成为杂交细胞系,既具有瘤细胞易于在体外无限增殖的特性,又具有抗体形成细胞的合成和分泌特异性抗体的特点。将这种杂交瘤作单个细胞培养,可形成单细胞系,即单克隆。利用培养或小鼠腹腔接种的方法,便能得到大量的、高浓度的、非常均一的抗体,其结构、氨基酸顺序、特异性等都是一致的,而且在培养过程中,只要没有变异,不同时间所分泌的抗体都能保持同样的结构与机能。这种单克隆抗体是用其他方法所不能得到的。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种人源RBP的检测试剂盒及其制备方法。
因此,一方面,本发明公开了一种检测RBP4表达水平的试剂盒,所述的试剂盒由有效量的RBP4蛋白和两株有效量的抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体以及配套的检测试剂组成,所述两株抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体为单克隆抗体1和单克隆抗体2,所述的编码单克隆抗体1的重链可变区和轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.1和SEQ ID NO.2所示,所述的编码单克隆抗体2的重链可变区和轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.3和SEQ ID NO.4所示。
优选地,本发明试剂盒所述的单克隆抗体1结合的抗原表位序列为SFRVKENFDKARFSGTWYAMAKKDP。
优选地,本发明试剂盒所述的单克隆抗体2结合的抗原表位序列为TDTEDPAKFKMKYWGVASFLQKGND。
优选地,本发明试剂盒所述的单克隆抗体1偶联磁微粒,所述的偶联单克隆抗体1的磁微粒浓度为0.2mg/ml。
优选地,本发明试剂盒所述的单克隆抗体2标记吖啶酯,所述吖啶酯标记的单克隆抗体2的浓度为20ng/ml。
优选地,本发明试剂盒所述的RBP4蛋白用于配制校准品,所述的校准品由血清校准品和尿液校准品组成,其中:
所述血清校准品浓度为:140.0、70.0、35.0、15.0、5.0、0.0mg/L;
所述尿液校准品浓度为:20.0、10.0、5.0、2.5、1.0、0.0mg/L。
再一方面,本发明还公开了一种所述的抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体在制备RBP4检测试剂中的应用。
本发明提供的试剂盒,具有血尿同测、操作简单、灵敏度高、线性范围宽、成本低,具备大规模、自动化应用的前景(集成到现有的化学发光检测仪器中即可实现自动化检测)。
另外,本发明制备的单克隆抗体具有良好的特异性、敏感性,适用于RBP4蛋白的检测。为后续RBP4蛋白的检测试剂的开发提供了良好的支撑。
再者,本发明制备的单克隆抗体是采用设计抗原多肽、免疫小鼠的方式,可直接确定单克隆抗体识别的抗原表位,具备靶向性强、特异性好的优点;本发明公开的抗原表位多肽对后续RBP4蛋白的研究也具有重要的参考作用。
附图说明
图1RBP4蛋白信号肽分析结果。
图2本发明试剂盒血清样品线性范围测量图。
图3本发明试剂盒尿液样品线性范围测量图。
具体实施方式
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。除非特别说明,以下实施例所用试剂和材料均为市购。
实施例1:视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)的制备
选择人源RBP4蛋白(P02753·RET4_HUMAN),并对其氨基酸序列进行分析。首先对信号肽进行分析,结果显示(图1),该序列有信号肽的概率为99.919%,信号肽类型:SP(Sec/SPI);切割位点:18-19,信号肽序列:MKWVWALLLLAALGSGRA。
因此,确定RBP4重组蛋白的氨基酸序列如下所示(N端去除20个氨基酸)。RBP4重组蛋白氨基酸序列(180aa)为:
DCRVSSFRVKENFDKARFSGTWYAMAKKDPEGLFLQDNIVAEFSVDETGQM
SATAKGRVRLLNNWDVCADMVGTFTDTEDPAKFKMKYWGVASFLQKGND
DHWIVDTDYDTYAVQYSCRLLNLDGTCADSYSFVFSRDPNGLPPEAQKIVRQRQEELCLARQYRLIVHNGYCDGRSERNL。
对上述的RBP4重组蛋白氨基酸序列进一步分析,设计抗原表位多肽,以用于RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体的制备,其设计的抗原表位多肽的序列如表1所示:
表1抗原表位多肽序列
编号 | 氨基酸序列 | RBP4重组蛋白位置 |
1 | SFRVKENFDKARFSGTWYAMAKKDP | 6-30 |
2 | TDTEDPAKFKMKYWGVASFLQKGND | 76-100 |
3 | SYSFVFSRDPNGLPPEAQKIVRQRQ | 130-154 |
4 | ELCLARQYRLIVHNGYCDGRSERNL | 156-180 |
实施例2:单克隆抗体的制备和筛选
选择人工合成的方式分别合成表1中的4条多肽,将4条多肽分别与佐剂乳化制备疫苗(100ng/ml),免疫小鼠,采用常规的杂交瘤细胞技术分别制备单克隆抗体。具体方法如下:
2.1免疫动物免疫动物是用目的抗原免疫小鼠,使小鼠产生致敏B淋巴细胞的过程。一般选用6~8周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠,按照制定的免疫方案进行免疫注射(4条多肽分别与等质量弗氏完全佐剂充分乳化后分别背腹部皮下多点注射小鼠,0.2ml/只;间隔2周,取与一免等量抗原和等质量的弗氏不完全佐剂充分乳化后,第二次腹腔注射0.2ml/只,过2周后用加倍剂量的抗原进行腹腔注射免疫)。抗原通过血液循环或淋巴循环进入外周免疫器官,刺激相应B淋巴细胞克隆,使其活化、增殖,并分化成为致敏B淋巴细胞。
2.2细胞融合采用二氧化碳气体处死小鼠,无菌操作取出脾脏,在平皿内挤压研磨,制备脾细胞悬液。将准备好的同系骨髓瘤细胞与小鼠脾细胞按一定比例混合,并加入促融合剂聚乙二醇。在聚乙二醇作用下,各种淋巴细胞可与骨髓瘤细胞发生融合,形成杂交瘤细胞
2.3选择性培养选择性培养的目的是筛选融合的杂交瘤细胞,一般采用HAT选择性培养基。在HAT培养基中,未融合的小鼠骨髓瘤细胞中DNA的从头合成途径会被阻止;未融合的骨髓瘤细胞又因缺乏次黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤-磷酸核糖转移酶(HGPRT),不能利用补救途径合成DNA;这样未融合小鼠骨髓瘤细胞的两个DNA合成途径都被阻止,骨髓瘤细胞DNA不能复制而死亡。未融合的B淋巴细胞虽具有次黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤-磷酸核糖转移酶,但其本身不能在体外长期存活也逐渐死亡。只有融合的杂交瘤细胞由于从B淋巴细胞获得了次黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤-磷酸核糖转移酶,可以通过补救途径合成DNA,并具有骨髓瘤细胞能无限增殖的特性,因此,杂交瘤细胞能在HAT培养基中存活和增殖。
2.4杂交瘤阳性克隆的筛选与克隆化在HAT培养基中生长的杂交瘤细胞,只有少数是分泌预定特异性单克隆抗体的细胞,因此,必须进行筛选和克隆化。通常采用有限稀释法进行杂交瘤细胞的克隆化培养。采用灵敏、快速、特异的免疫学方法,筛选出能产生所需单克隆抗体的阳性杂交瘤细胞,并进行克隆扩增。经过全面鉴定其所分泌单克隆抗体的免疫球蛋白类型、亚类、特异性、亲和力、识别抗原的表位及其分子量后,及时进行冻存。
2.5单克隆抗体的大量制备将杂交瘤细胞置于培养瓶中进行培养。在培养过程中,杂交瘤细胞产生并分泌单克隆抗体,收集培养上清液,离心去除细胞及其碎片,即可获得所需要的单克隆抗体。但这种方法产生的抗体量有限。各种新型培养技术和装置不断出现,大大提高了抗体的生产量。
2.6经过制备和检测,每条多肽均筛选了1株较好的杂交瘤细胞和单克隆抗体,具体如表2所示。
表2杂交瘤细胞、单克隆抗体和抗原表位对应表
实施例3:单克隆抗体的检测和配对
使用ELISA对制备的单克隆抗体进行筛选和检测,具体方法简述为:使用RBP4蛋白(购自南京欧凯生物科技有限公司,K5916)包被酶标板(1μg/ml),每孔0.1ml,4度包被过夜;洗涤3次后,使用5%脱脂奶封闭,每孔0.2ml,37度2h;洗涤3次后,分别加入10倍系列稀释的单克隆抗体(均调整浓度为1mg/ml后稀释),每孔0.1ml,37度1h;洗涤3次后每孔加入HRP标记羊抗鼠IgG二抗(1:5000倍稀释);37度0.5h;洗涤3次后,加入显色液,每孔0.1ml,37度10min;加入终止液(2M硫酸),每孔0.05ml,检测OD450nm值;当P/N值(样品OD450nm值/空白对照OD值)>2.1、且OD450nm值>0.1时判为阳性,否则为阴性。
检测结果显示(如表2所示),单克隆抗体1、2和3均具有良好的效价(均≥105),单克隆抗体4相对较低(效价均为104);因此,选择单克隆抗体1、2和3作为后续试剂盒开发的单克隆抗体,但是单克隆抗体2和3识别的抗原表位多肽相对较近,且单克隆抗体3的效价较单克隆抗体2要低,所以选择单克隆抗体1和单克隆抗体2作为试剂盒开发的靶标单克隆抗体。
我们对单克隆抗体1和单克隆抗体2的可变区序列进行分析,其中编码单克隆抗体1的重链可变区和轻链可变区的序列如SEQ ID NO.1和SEQ ID NO.2所示;编码单克隆抗体2的重链可变区和轻链可变区的序列如SEQ ID NO.3和SEQID NO.4所示。
实施例4:RBP4蛋白检测试剂盒的制备和
4.1校准品配制
使用RBP4蛋白(购自南京欧凯生物科技有限公司,K5916)为母液,使用稀释液(含2%BSA的TBST缓冲液)将其稀释,进行配制。其中
血清校准品浓度为:140.0、70.0、35.0、15.0、5.0、0.0mg/L。
尿液校准品浓度为:20.0、10.0、5.0、2.5、1.0、0.0mg/L
4.2磁微粒偶联单克隆抗体1,为常规的EDC活化羧基的方式偶联,具体过程简述如下:
1)取1mg羧基磁微粒(购自thermofisher),使用0.1M的MES缓冲液洗涤3次后用0.5ml MES(pH 6.0)缓冲液重悬。
2)加入10μg的单克隆抗体1,混匀,室温孵育20min。
3)加入10μl EDC(10mg/ml)混匀,室温孵育2h。
4)离心后弃上清液,加入500μl的清洗缓冲液(TBST),洗涤3次。
5)用含1%BSA的TBST缓冲液进行封闭,室温封闭2h。
6)使用TBST洗涤三次后,用0.5ml含1%BSA的TBST缓冲液重悬,置于2~8℃保存待用。
4.3吖啶酯标记单克隆抗体2,为常规的标记方法,具体过程简述如下:
1)避光下,将10μg的单克隆抗体2与190μl的吖啶酯溶液(6.5mM)混合,室温反应1h,加入赖氨酸(10g/L)0.1ml,继续反应10min。
2)将标记后的溶液注入Sephadex G-25脱盐柱。用PBS进行洗涤。
3)在280nm检测蛋白浓度。当色谱仪出现明显的蛋白峰值时,收集流出液。
4)流出液(约0.5ml)于-20℃保存待用。
4.4试剂盒检测
4.4.1检测试剂盒制备
将4.2偶联单克隆抗体1的磁微粒稀释至0.2mg/ml,标记为试剂R1;
将4.3标记吖啶酯的单克隆抗体2稀释1000倍(单克隆抗体2浓度约为20ng/ml),标记为试剂R2;
其中稀释液均为0.1%BSA TBS pH7.4。
4.4.2检测步骤
1)10μl样本+50μl试剂R1+50μl试剂R2+90μl wash buffer;
2)37℃混合孵育15min(37℃1000rpm);
3)wash buffer清洗3次,每次500μl;
4)加入200μl底物(购自雅培或其他厂家的吖啶酯显色底物),化学发光仪立即检测RLU值。
其中wash buffer为TBST缓冲液,样本可以为血清、尿液等。当样本为血清时,使用的校准品为血清校准品;当样本为尿液时,使用的校准品为尿液校准品。
实施例5:试剂盒的性能评价
5.1试剂盒灵敏度评价
5.1.1血清样本灵敏度评价
先以血清校准品进行定标,然后以0.9%的NaCl为空白样本,对空白样本进行20次重复测试,取空白样本测定的平均值加上3倍的标准偏差,即为本试剂盒的检测限。经过检测和计算,本试剂盒的检测限为0.5mg/L。
5.1.2尿液样本灵敏度评价
先以尿液校准品进行定标,然后以0.9%的NaCl为空白样本,对空白样本进行20次重复测试,取空白样本测定的平均值加上3倍的标准偏差,即为本试剂盒的检测限。经过检测和计算,本试剂盒的检测限为0.05mg/L。
5.2试剂盒线性性能评价
5.2.1血清线性评价
用0.9%NaCl按照1、0.9、0.8、0.7、0.6、0.5、0.4、0.3、0.2、0.1、0的稀释比例对高值RBP血清样本进行倍比稀释,每个浓度重复测定3次,计算其均值,将样品的测量值与稀释比例进行相关对比,求出回归方程,并通过回归方程计算样本的理论值,结果见图2,从图中可知,在样本浓度小于150mg/L的范围内能够保持保持良好的线性,即R2大于0.99。
5.2.2尿液线性评价
用0.9%NaCl按照1、0.9、0.8、0.7、0.6、0.5、0.4、0.3、0.2、0.1、0的稀释比例对高值URBP尿液样本进行倍比稀释,每个浓度重复测定3次,计算其均值,将样品的测量值与稀释比例进行相关对比,求出回归方程,并通过回归方程计算样本的理论值,结果见图3,从图中可知,在样本浓度小于25mg/L的范围内能够保持保持良好的线性,即R2大于0.99。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种检测RBP4表达水平的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述的试剂盒由有效量的RBP4蛋白和两株有效量的抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体以及配套的检测试剂组成,所述两株抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体为单克隆抗体1和单克隆抗体2,所述的编码单克隆抗体1的重链可变区和轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.1和SEQ IDNO.2所示,所述的编码单克隆抗体2的重链可变区和轻链可变区序列如SEQ IDNO.3和SEQ ID NO.4所示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述单克隆抗体1识别的抗原表位序列为SFRVKENFDKARFSGTWYAMAKKDP。
3.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述单克隆抗体2识别的抗原表位序列为TDTEDPAKFKMKYWGVASFLQKGND。
4.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述的单克隆抗体1偶联磁微粒,所述的偶联单克隆抗体1的磁微粒浓度为0.2mg/ml。
5.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述的单克隆抗体2标记吖啶酯,所述吖啶酯标记的单克隆抗体2的浓度为20ng/ml。
6.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述的RBP4蛋白用于配制校准品,所述的校准品由血清校准品和尿液校准品组成,其中:
所述血清校准品浓度为:140.0、70.0、35.0、15.0、5.0、0.0mg/L;
所述尿液校准品浓度为:20.0、10.0、5.0、2.5、1.0、0.0mg/L。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的抗RBP4蛋白单克隆抗体在制备RBP4检测试剂中的应用。
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