CN116334938A - 一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂及其制备工艺、喷墨印花工艺 - Google Patents
一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂及其制备工艺、喷墨印花工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺,其利用二醛β环糊精上的醛基与壳聚糖所带的氨基发生希夫碱反应,反应形成交联网状并在涤纶纤维表面沉积,填满纤维间的间隙,可以明显改善涤纶织物的亲水性,有利于染料分子进入纤维内部;本发明还公开了一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,包括以下步骤:S1:涤纶织物前处理;S2:低温等离子体处理;S3:DA‑β‑CD‑CTS交联聚合物预处理;S4:喷墨印花;S5:聚N‑异丙基丙烯酰胺‑氧化石墨烯复合物处理;其能够有效提高处理后织物喷墨印花的图案清晰度、防渗化性能,并且进一步提升印花产品的色牢度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及及喷墨印花领域,具体涉及一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺。
背景技术
传统印花加工由于存在着花型制作繁琐费时、生产工艺流程长、图案纹理单一粗糙以及印花废水对环境污染严重等问题,已不能适应目前快速变化的市场节奏。纺织品数码喷墨印花技术是应运而生的一种新型印花技术,它的出现和发展在很大程度上弥补了现行印花生产的不足,越来越受到人们的青睐。
数码喷墨印花是用扫描仪、数字摄像机、数字照相机等各种数字设备,把需要印花的图案以数字形式输入计算机,经过专用印花分色系统编辑处理后,再由光栅图像处理器RIP软件控制喷墨印花机将各种专用染料直接喷印到上好浆料的织物或其它介质上,再对织物进行后处理加工,印制出计算机所输入的层次丰富、色彩斑斓的图案,从而生产出满足原设计要求的印花织物。与传统印花工艺相比,数码印花优势明显,一是数码印花技术印花精度高,喷墨印花比传统的筛网印花的精度要高出12倍以上,最高可达2880dp i,能逼真的反映出图案的复杂度和精细度,使高清晰度印花纺织品的生产成为可能;二是生产方式灵活简便,数码喷墨印花无需制版,可以单件制作,也可以大批量生产,产品制作比较灵活,对市场需求反应快速以满足现代消费者个性化、时尚化的消费需求;三是清洁化生产,数字喷墨印花整个过程无染料和助剂的废弃和浪费,污水排放量低,没有严重环境污染问题;四是占地面积小,印花设备占地面积小,在办公室和家庭中即可进行生产,能够实现前店后厂的加工,催生新的生产管理体制和营销模式。因此,纺织品数码喷墨印花技术发展前景广阔,被认为是21世纪纺织工业革命的关键技术之一。
涤纶(PET)又称为聚酯纤维,其学名为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,是世界上产量最多、应用最广的一种合成纤维,目前在合成纤维总产量中的占比达到60%以上。作为纺织材料,涤纶纤维具有优良的力学性能,强度高、回弹性好、尺寸稳定性强,具有良好的免烫性和混纺性,是合成纤维中的一个重要品种。由于涤纶大分子中无亲水性的极性基团,内部分子排列紧密,表面比较光滑平整,所以涤纶纤维存在着易起毛起球、易产生静电、回潮性小、吸湿性能较差的缺点,目前在涤纶织物喷墨印花生产中,墨滴直接喷射到经过上浆预处理的涤纶织物表面,染料分子很难进入纤维内部直接吸收,而是由于纤维的毛细管效应在纤维间流动,易造成印花墨水的渗化,导致图案清晰率较低,印花图案纹路不清,图案的精细度不高,色差问题大大降低了产品的质量和档次。
发明内容
本发明目的是:一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺,其利用二醛β环糊精上的醛基与壳聚糖所带的氨基发生希夫碱反应,反应形成交联网状并在涤纶纤维表面沉积,填满纤维间的间隙,可以明显改善涤纶织物的亲水性,有利于染料分子进入纤维内部。
本发明另一目的是:提供一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,其采用低温等离子体和二醛β环糊精-壳聚糖聚合交联物对涤纶织物进行预处理,能够有效提高处理后织物喷墨印花的图案清晰度、防渗化性能、颜色色深,对喷墨印花后的织物再利用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物处理印花后的涤纶织物,能够进一步提升印花产品的色牢度,获得更加优良的品质。
本发明的技术方案是:一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)二醛β-环糊精(DA-β-CD)制备工艺
称取15gβ-环糊精溶于100ml蒸馏水中,在超声振动器中超声振荡10min,使之充分分散溶解,加入一定量的高碘酸钠,在常温避光条件下利用高速搅拌器充分搅拌1h,搅拌速度40r/min,低温1℃-5℃条件下用锡纸包裹住遮光暗处保存24h。利用5%的还原剂亚硫酸氢钠滴定溶液里未能反应的高碘酸钠,加入氯型717阴离子交换树脂搅拌吸附1h,去除溶液中的杂质阴离子,再用732钠型阳离子交换树脂搅拌吸附1h,去除溶液中的杂质阳离子,得到二醛β-环糊精溶液,将获得的溶液置于截留分子量为100D的透析袋中透析4h,期间换水两次,最后通过冷冻干燥得到二醛β-环糊精粉末;
(2)二醛β-环糊精(DA-β-CD)固载壳聚糖(CTS)生成DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物工艺
将精确称取1g壳聚糖(CTS)溶入5%乙酸溶液中,加入三口烧瓶中,60℃加热搅拌1h,利用1mol/L的NaOH调节pH值至pH=7-8,继续反应12h,加入用20mL0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液溶解的2g二醛β-环糊精,60℃反应6h,再用30ml甲醇和2ml水混合溶剂重结晶,抽滤出沉淀物质,利用丙酮浸泡并洗涤2次,冷冻真空干燥产物,得到粉末状目标产物DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物。
本发明的另一技术方案是:一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂,是由上述用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺制得。
本发明的再一技术方案是:一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,用上述用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂对涤纶织物喷墨印花进行预处理。
其包括以下步骤:
S 1:涤纶织物前处理;
S2:低温等离子体处理;
S3:DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物预处理;
S4:喷墨印花处理;
S5:聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物处理。
进一步地,所述步骤S1中,将涤纶织物进行精练、起皱松弛处理,处理完毕后80℃烘干;然后进行碱减量处理,再将烘干后涤纶织物置于丙酮溶液中,在超声清洗器中超声波清洗4h后,取出用蒸馏水反复清洗,充分去除涤纶织物表面的油脂、浆料,置于烘燥箱中烘干备用。
其中,所述精练、起皱松弛处理的工艺条件:
所述碱减量处理的工艺条件:
进一步地,所述步骤S2中,利用低温等离子体处理经过涤纶织物前处理的涤纶织物;
低温等离子体处理工艺条件:
进一步地,所述步骤S 3中,使用DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物的分散液对经过低温等离子体处理的涤纶织物依次进行浸渍、预烘、焙烘处理。
其中DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物用量优选为2 -6g/L。所述浸渍处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度60-70℃,时间40-60min,浴比1:25;所述预烘处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度90℃,时间5min;所述焙烘处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度160℃,时间3mi n。
进一步地,所述步骤S4中,对经过低温等离子体处理和DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物预处理的涤纶预处理面料按顺序进行上浆、烘干、数码喷印、预烘、蒸化、水洗、皂洗、烘干处理;
其中,数码喷印处理中,将需打印的涤纶面料平整固定在打印区域,采用Mimak iJV4-180型数字喷墨打印机,分别选用C、M、Y、K四种分散墨水对预处理涤纶面料进行数码喷印线条、色块、图案等,并对喷墨印花织物性能进行测试分析。
更进一步地,所述上浆处理为一浸一轧,轧余率80-90%;其中,所述上浆的浆料包括如下质量分数组分:
所述烘干处理的工艺条件为:温度100℃,时间3min;
所述数码喷印的工艺条件为:喷嘴高度6mm,分辨率720dp i*720dp i,双向喷印;
所述预烘的工艺条件为:温度80℃,时间15min;
所述蒸化的工艺条件为:温度100℃,时间15min;
所述水洗的工艺条件为:冷水洗三遍,40℃温水洗一遍。
进一步地,所述步骤S5中,使用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物的分散液对经过喷墨印花的涤纶织物依次进行浸渍、预烘、焙烘处理,其中聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物1-4%。
本发明的优点是:
本发明利用二醛β环糊精上的醛基与壳聚糖所带的氨基发生希夫碱反应,反应形成交联网状并在涤纶纤维表面沉积,填满纤维间的间隙,可以明显改善涤纶织物的亲水性,有利于染料分子进入纤维内部。
本发明采用绿色、生态、环保的低温等离子体和二醛β环糊精-壳聚糖聚合交联物对涤纶织物进行预处理,能够有效提高处理后织物喷墨印花的图案清晰度、防渗化性能、颜色色深,对喷墨印花后的织物再利用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物处理印花后的涤纶织物,能够进一步提升印花产品的色牢度,获得更加优良的品质。本工艺对提升纺织产业技术水平带动传统纺织印花转型升级,在纺织品加工领域具有非常广阔的市场应用前景。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对上述方案做进一步说明。应理解,这些实施例是用于说明本发明而不限于限制本发明的范围。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体的条件做进一步调整,未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)二醛β-环糊精(DA-β-CD)制备工艺
称取15gβ-环糊精溶于100ml蒸馏水中,在超声振动器中超声振荡10min,使之充分分散溶解,加入一定量的高碘酸钠,在常温避光条件下利用高速搅拌器充分搅拌1h,搅拌速度40r/min,低温1℃-5℃条件下用锡纸包裹住遮光暗处保存24h。利用5%的还原剂亚硫酸氢钠滴定溶液里未能反应的高碘酸钠,加入氯型717阴离子交换树脂搅拌吸附1h,去除溶液中的杂质阴离子,再用732钠型阳离子交换树脂搅拌吸附1h,去除溶液中的杂质阳离子,得到二醛β-环糊精溶液,将获得的溶液置于截留分子量为100D的透析袋中透析4h,期间换水两次,最后通过冷冻干燥得到二醛β-环糊精粉末;其中,一定量的高碘酸钠优选用量为8.5g-19.8g。
(2)二醛β-环糊精(DA-β-CD)固载壳聚糖(CTS)生成DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物工艺
将精确称取1g壳聚糖(CTS)溶入5%乙酸溶液中,加入三口烧瓶中,60℃加热搅拌1h,利用1mol/L的NaOH调节pH值至pH=7-8,继续反应12h,加入用20mL0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液溶解的2g二醛β-环糊精,60℃反应6h,再用30ml甲醇和2ml水混合溶剂重结晶,抽滤出沉淀物质,利用丙酮浸泡并洗涤2次,冷冻真空干燥产物,得到粉末状目标产物DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物。
壳聚糖是甲壳素在碱性条件下脱乙酰基后的产物,壳聚糖分子中含有大量的羟基和氨基极性基团,使得壳聚糖拥有优异的吸湿与抗静电效果且是公认的具有天然抑菌性能的生物大分子,而且壳聚糖具有可降解性、无抗原性及吸附性强等优良特性,因此在纺织品染整加工领域具有广泛的应用前景。利用二醛β环糊精上的醛基与壳聚糖所带的氨基发生希夫碱反应,反应形成交联网状并在涤纶纤维表面沉积,填满纤维间的间隙,可以明显改善涤纶织物的亲水性,有利于染料分子进入纤维内部。
一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂,是由上述用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺制得。
一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,用上述用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂对涤纶织物喷墨印花进行预处理,其包括以下步骤:
S 1:涤纶织物前处理
将涤纶织物进行精练、起皱松弛处理,处理完毕后80℃烘干;然后进行碱减量处理,再将烘干后涤纶织物置于丙酮溶液中,在超声清洗器中超声波清洗4h后,取出用蒸馏水反复清洗,充分去除涤纶织物表面的油脂、浆料,置于烘燥箱中烘干备用。
本实施例中,所述精练、起皱松弛处理的工艺条件:
本实施例中,所述碱减量处理的工艺条件:
S2:低温等离子体处理
利用低温等离子体处理经过涤纶织物前处理的涤纶织物;低温等离子体处理气氛可选择100%空气、100%氧气以及空气中混入一定比例的氩气。
本实施例优选的低温等离子体处理气氛为空气中混入一定比例的氩气。该低温等离子体处理工艺条件:
等离子体是一种处于高度激发状态的不稳定气体,在聚集态中电子的负电荷总数和离子的正电荷总数在数值上是相等的,宏观上呈电中性,具有零总电荷,又被称为第四态。等离子体处理可以改变纤维和纺织品的诸多特性,如吸水性、染色性、防缩性、粘着性和抗静电性等,而且等离子体的表面改性是干态处理,属节能节水、清洁高效、操作简单且易控制、环境污染公害少的新工艺,经过该方法处理的织物仅涉及纤维的表面,不破坏纤维本体性质,能够使纤维表面特性达到理想的应用效果。等离子体技术在涤纶加工中的应用研究主要集中在利用低温等离子体的高能粒子对涤纶表面产生刻蚀,使涤纶纤维表面粗糙化,提高纤维摩擦性及可纺性能,提升织物的力学性能;同时等离子作用还能使涤纶表面活化,将活性基团接枝到涤纶织物表面,在织物表面引入亲水性的基团,提高织物亲水性,增强染色性能、抗静电性能等服用性能。等离子体处理涤纶是一种以物理手段处理纤维而达到化学处理的效果的方法,该法符合可持续性发展战略的要求,正越来越多的受到人们重视。
S3:DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物预处理
使用DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物的分散液对经过低温等离子体处理的涤纶织物依次进行浸渍、预烘、焙烘处理,其中DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物用量2-6g/L。
本实施例中,所述浸渍处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度60-70℃,时间40-60min,浴比1:25;所述预烘处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度90℃,时间5min;所述焙烘处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度160℃,时间3min。
利用二醛β环糊精上的醛基与壳聚糖所带的氨基发生希夫碱反应,反应形成交联网状并在涤纶纤维表面沉积,填满纤维间的间隙,可以明显改善涤纶织物的亲水性,有利于染料分子进入纤维内部。
S4:喷墨印花处理
对经过低温等离子体处理和DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物预处理的涤纶预处理面料按顺序进行上浆、烘干、数码喷印、预烘、蒸化、水洗、皂洗、烘干处理;
其中,数码喷印处理中,将需打印的涤纶面料平整固定在打印区域,采用Mimak iJV4-180型数字喷墨打印机,分别选用C、M、Y、K四种分散墨水对预处理涤纶面料进行数码喷印线条、色块、图案等,并对喷墨印花织物性能进行测试分析。
本实施例中,所述上浆处理为一浸一轧,轧余率80-90%。
其中,所述上浆的浆料包括如下质量分数组分:
所述烘干处理的工艺条件为:温度100℃,时间3min;
所述数码喷印的工艺条件为:喷嘴高度6mm,分辨率720dp i*720dp i,双向喷印;
所述预烘的工艺条件为:温度80℃,时间15min;
所述蒸化的工艺条件为:温度100℃,时间15min;
所述水洗的工艺条件为:冷水洗三遍,40℃温水洗一遍。
以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,对氧化石墨烯进行改性,得到聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯,利用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯对喷墨印花后的织物进行整理,由于氧化石墨烯的在纤维上的包覆,增加了对可见光的反射。喷墨印花色块的牢度、织物的抗静电性得到显著提升。
S5:聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物处理
使用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物的分散液对经过喷墨印花的涤纶织物依次进行浸渍、预烘、焙烘处理。其中,聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物1-4%。
本发明采用绿色、生态、环保的低温等离子体和二醛β环糊精-壳聚糖聚合交联物对涤纶织物进行预处理,能够有效提高处理后织物喷墨印花的图案清晰度、防渗化性能、颜色色深,对喷墨印花后的织物再利用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物处理印花后的涤纶织物,能够进一步提升印花产品的色牢度,获得更加优良的品质。本工艺对提升纺织产业技术水平带动传统纺织印花转型升级,在纺织品加工领域具有非常广阔的市场应用前景。
以上仅是本发明的具体应用范例,对本发明的保护范围不构成任何限制。除上述实施例外,本发明还可以有其它实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明所要求保护的范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)二醛β-环糊精(DA-β-CD)制备工艺
称取15gβ-环糊精溶于100ml蒸馏水中,在超声振动器中超声振荡10min,使之充分分散溶解,加入一定量的高碘酸钠,在常温避光条件下利用高速搅拌器充分搅拌1h,搅拌速度40r/min,低温1℃-5℃条件下用锡纸包裹住遮光暗处保存24h;利用5%的还原剂亚硫酸氢钠滴定溶液里未能反应的高碘酸钠,加入氯型717阴离子交换树脂搅拌吸附1h,去除溶液中的杂质阴离子,再用732钠型阳离子交换树脂搅拌吸附1h,去除溶液中的杂质阳离子,得到二醛β-环糊精溶液,将获得的溶液置于截留分子量为100D的透析袋中透析4h,期间换水两次,最后通过冷冻干燥得到二醛β-环糊精粉末;
(2)二醛β-环糊精(DA-β-CD)固载壳聚糖(CTS)生成DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物工艺
将精确称取1g壳聚糖(CTS)溶入5%乙酸溶液中,加入三口烧瓶中,60℃加热搅拌1h,利用1mol/L的NaOH调节pH值至pH=7-8,继续反应12h,加入用20mL0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液溶解的2g二醛β-环糊精,60℃反应6h,再用30ml甲醇和2ml水混合溶剂重结晶,抽滤出沉淀物质,利用丙酮浸泡并洗涤2次,冷冻真空干燥产物,得到粉末状目标产物DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物。
2.一种用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂,其特征在于,其是由权利要求1所述的用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂的制备工艺制得。
3.一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,其特征在于,用权利要求2所述的用于涤纶织物喷墨印花的改性剂对涤纶织物喷墨印花进行预处理。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S 1:涤纶织物前处理;
S2:低温等离子体处理;
S3:DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物预处理;
S4:喷墨印花处理;
S5:聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物处理。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中,使用DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物的分散液对经过低温等离子体处理的涤纶织物依次进行浸渍、预烘、焙烘处理;
其中,DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物用量2-6g/L;
所述浸渍处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度60-70℃,时间40-60min,浴比1:25;
所述预烘处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度90℃,时间5min;所述焙烘处理过程中的工艺条件为:温度160℃,时间3min。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中,对经过低温等离子体处理和DA-β-CD-CTS交联聚合物预处理的涤纶预处理面料按顺序进行上浆、烘干、数码喷印、预烘、蒸化、水洗、皂洗、烘干处理;
其中,数码喷印处理中,将需打印的涤纶面料平整固定在打印区域,采用MimakiJV4-180型数字喷墨打印机,分别选用C、M、Y、K四种分散墨水对预处理涤纶面料进行数码喷印。
10.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于涤纶织物的喷墨印花工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S5中,使用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物的分散液对经过喷墨印花的涤纶织物依次进行浸渍、预烘、焙烘处理,其中聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-氧化石墨烯复合物1-4%。
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