CN116325112A - 半导体结构的衬底剥离方法 - Google Patents

半导体结构的衬底剥离方法 Download PDF

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CN116325112A
CN116325112A CN202080105796.0A CN202080105796A CN116325112A CN 116325112 A CN116325112 A CN 116325112A CN 202080105796 A CN202080105796 A CN 202080105796A CN 116325112 A CN116325112 A CN 116325112A
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程凯
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Abstract

提供了一种半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,包括:提供自下而上分布的衬底(10)、第一AlN层(11)、第一AlGaN层(12)以及功能层(13);采用激光自衬底(10)照射第一AlGaN层(12),使第一AlGaN层(12)分解,从而功能层(13)脱离衬底(10)与第一AlN层(11)。所述方法利用第一AlN层(11)、第一AlGaN层(12)分别对应作为外延生长功能层(13)时的成核层与缓冲层,可提高功能层(13)的质量;另一方面,某些波段的激光照射衬底(10)时,第一AlN层(11)对上述波段的光透明,但第一AlGaN层(12)吸收上述波段的光后会分解出氮气,造成第一AlGaN层(12)疏松多孔易分离,从而可方便地剥离衬底(10),且不会损伤功能层(13)。

Description

半导体结构的衬底剥离方法 技术领域
本申请涉及半导体技术领域,尤其涉及一种半导体结构的衬底剥离方法。
背景技术
宽禁带半导体材料GaN基材料作为第三代半导体材料的典型代表,具有禁带宽带大、耐高压、耐高温、电子饱和速度和漂移速度高、容易形成高质量异质结构的优异特性,非常适合制造高温、高频、大功率电子器件。
由于本征衬底的缺乏,GaN基器件普遍制备在异质衬底上,比如蓝宝石、碳化硅和硅。
近年来,随着器件轻薄化的市场需求,如何剥离GaN基器件的衬底以及如何提高剥离质量是行业内急需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的是提供一种半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,提高剥离质量以及降低剥离成本。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,包括:
提供自下而上分布的衬底、第一AlN层、第一AlGaN层以及功能层;
采用激光自所述衬底照射所述第一AlGaN层,使所述第一AlGaN层分解,从而所述功能层脱离所述衬底与所述第一AlN层。
可选地,所述第一AlGaN层与所述功能层之间还具有第二AlN层,所述激光自所述衬底照射所述第一AlGaN层后,所述功能层与所述第二AlN层脱离所述衬底与所述第一AlN层。
可选地,所述第一AlGaN层与所述功能层之间还具有第二AlGaN层,所述第二AlGaN层中Al组分大于所述第一AlGaN层中Al组分,所述激光自所述衬底照射所述第一AlGaN层后,所述功能层与所述第二AlGaN层脱离所述衬底与所述第一AlN层。
需要说明的是,本申请中AlGaN层中的Al组分是指:Al元素的物质的量占Al元素物质的量和Ga元素物质的量之和的百分比,即Al原子的个数占Al原子个数和Ga原子个数之和的百分比。
可选地,所述第一AlGaN层中,Al组分小于70%。
可选地,所述第一AlGaN层为单层结构或叠层结构。
可选地,所述叠层结构包括多层第一AlGaN子层,各层所述第一AlGaN子层中的Al组分不同。
可选地,所述叠层结构包括:AlGaN/AlN交替多层超晶格结构。
可选地,所述衬底的材料为蓝宝石。
可选地,所述功能层包括:光波滤波结构或LED结构。
可选地,所述功能层包括:LED结构,所述LED结构的发光波长小于350nm。
可选地,所述衬底为平片结构,所述第一AlN层具有图形化的结构;或所述衬底和所述第一AlN层均具有图形化的结构。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
1)本发明一方面利用第一AlN层、第一AlGaN层分别对应作为外延生长功能层时的成核层与缓冲层,可提高功能层的质量;另一方面,某些波 段的激光照射衬底时,第一AlN层对上述波段的光透明,但第一AlGaN层吸收上述波段的光后会分解出氮气,造成第一AlGaN层疏松多孔易分离,从而可方便地剥离衬底,且不会损伤功能层。
2)可选方案中,第一AlGaN层与功能层之间还具有a)第二AlN层或b)第二AlGaN层,第二AlGaN层中Al组分大于第一AlGaN层中Al组分。相对于b)方案,a)方案可提高第一AlGaN层的分解程度,剥离效果更佳。相对于a)方案,b)方案可提高功能层的质量。
3)可选方案中,第一AlGaN层为叠层结构,叠层结构包括多层第一AlGaN子层,各层第一AlGaN子层中的Al组分不同。相对于第一AlGaN层为单层结构,Al的组分固定的方案,叠层的好处在于:剥离可适用的激光波长范围大,或在激光波长出现漂移时,仍有好的剥离效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法的流程图;
图2与图3是图1中的流程对应的中间结构示意图;
图4是本发明第二实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法对应的中间结构示意图;
图5是本发明第三实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法对应的中间结构示意图;
图6是本发明第四实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法对应的中间结构示意图。
为方便理解本发明,以下列出本发明中出现的所有附图标记:
衬底10 第一AlN层11
第一AlGaN层12 反应后的第一AlGaN层12'
功能层13 第一AlGaN子层121
第二AlGaN层14 第二AlN层15
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂,下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例做详细的说明。
图1是本发明第一实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法的流程图;图2与图3是图1中的流程对应的中间结构示意图。
首先,参照图1中的步骤S1以及图2所示,提供自下而上分布的衬底10、第一AlN层11、第一AlGaN层12以及功能层13。
衬底10的材料可以为蓝宝石、碳化硅、硅或金刚石等材料,优选对后续步骤S2的激光透过率高的材料。
功能层13的材料可以为Ⅲ族氮化物基材料,例如为GaN、AlGaN、InGaN、AlInGaN中的至少一种。功能层13可对应为HMET器件中的异质结结构,即包括:势垒层和缓冲层;也可对应为LED器件中的LED结构,即包括:P型半导体层、N型半导体层以及P型半导体层与N型半导体层之间的单量子阱层/多量子阱层/量子点/量子线。
一个实施例中,LED结构的发光波长可以小于350nm。
再一个实施例中,LED结构可配合一对布拉格反射镜,作为光波滤波结构使用。
需要说明的是,本实施例中,以化学元素代表某种材料,但不限定该材料中各化学元素的摩尔占比。例如GaN材料中,包含Ga元素与N元素,但不限定Ga元素与N元素的摩尔占比。
第一AlN层11可作为外延生长功能层13时的成核层。成核层可缓解外延生长的功能层13与衬底10之间的晶格失配和热失配的问题。
第一AlGaN层12可作为外延生长功能层13时的缓冲层。缓冲层可降低外延生长的功能层13的位错密度和缺陷密度,提升晶体质量。
本实施例中,第一AlGaN层12为单层结构,该单层结构的材料可表示为:AlGaN。
接着,参照图1中的步骤S2、图2以及图3所示,采用激光自衬底10照射第一AlGaN层12,使第一AlGaN层12分解,从而功能层13脱离衬底10与第一AlN层11。
某些波段的激光照射衬底10时,第一AlN层11对上述波段的光透明,但第一AlGaN层12吸收上述波段的光后会分解出氮气,反应后的第一AlGaN层12'疏松多孔易分离,从而可方便地剥离衬底10,且不会损伤功能层13。
研究表明,第一AlGaN层12中,Al组分小于70%,即第一AlGaN层12中Al元素的物质的量占Al元素和Ga元素物质的量之和的百分比小于70%时,对应的分解程度较佳的激光的波长范围在200nm~300nm。进一步地,第一AlGaN层12中,Al组分的百分比小于40%时,激光的波长范围在250nm~280nm时,分解程度更佳。
蓝宝石在上述200nm~300nm波段的透光率较高,可作为衬底10的优选材料。
需要说明的是,本实施例中,范围包括端点值。
图4是本发明第二实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法对应的中间结构示意图。
参照图4所示,本实施例二的衬底剥离方法与实施例一的衬底剥离方法大致相同,区别仅在于:第一AlGaN层12为叠层结构,叠层结构包括多层第一AlGaN子层121,各层第一AlGaN子层121中的Al组分不同。
相对于第一AlGaN层12为单层结构,Al组分固定的方案,叠层的好处在于:剥离可适用的激光波长范围大,或在激光波长出现漂移时,仍有好的剥离效果。另外,第一AlGaN层12为叠层结构还可以对上层的功能层13起到保护作用。
一些实施例中,叠层结构还可以包括:AlGaN/AlN交替多层超晶格结构。超晶格结构中,各层AlGaN中的Al组分不同或相同。
图5是本发明第三实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法对应的中间结构示意图。
参照图5所示,本实施例三的衬底剥离方法与实施例一、二的衬底剥离方法大致相同,区别仅在于:第一AlGaN层12与功能层13之间还具有第二AlGaN层14,第二AlGaN层14中Al组分高于第一AlGaN层12中Al组分,激光自衬底10照射第一AlGaN层12后,功能层13与第二AlGaN层14脱离衬底10与第一AlN层11。
激光对于第一AlN层11来说是透明的、对于第一AlGaN层12不透明;优选地,激光对于第一AlN层11和第二AlGaN层14来说都是透明的,对于第一AlGaN层12来说不透明,这样可以避免激光对第二AlGaN层14的损伤。
AlGaN层的含Al量越高,功能层13的质量越好,因而本实施例的方案可提高功能层13的质量。
图6是本发明第四实施例的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法对应的中间结构示意图。
参照图6所示,本实施例四的衬底剥离方法与实施例三的衬底剥离方法大致相同,区别仅在于:第一AlGaN层12与功能层13之间具有第二AlN层15,激光自衬底10照射第一AlGaN层12后,功能层13与第二AlN层15脱离衬底10与第一AlN层11。换言之,第二AlN层15替换第二AlGaN层14。
相对于实施例三的方案,本方案由于减小了AlGaN层的厚度,因而在同等激光功率下,可提高第一AlGaN层12的分解程度,剥离效果更佳。
在一些实施例中,上述的实施例一至实施例四的衬底剥离方法还可以运用在图形化衬底上。
例如,一实施例中,衬底10为平片结构,第一AlN层11具有图形化的结构。
另一实施例中,衬底10和第一AlN层11均具有图形化的结构。例如衬底10和第一AlN层11在同一工序中进行图形化;或先对衬底10进行图形化,在图形化的衬底10上外延生长第一AlN层11,第一AlN层11中的开口尺寸和衬底10中的开口尺寸略有差异。
虽然本发明披露如上,但本发明并非限定于此。任何本领域技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,均可作各种更动与修改,因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,包括:
    提供自下而上分布的衬底(10)、第一AlN层(11)、第一AlGaN层(12)以及功能层(13);
    采用激光自所述衬底(10)照射所述第一AlGaN层(12),使所述第一AlGaN层(12)分解,从而所述功能层(13)脱离所述衬底(10)与所述第一AlN层(11)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述第一AlGaN层(12)与所述功能层(13)之间还具有第二AlN层(15),所述激光自所述衬底(10)照射所述第一AlGaN层(12)后,所述功能层(13)与所述第二AlN层(15)脱离所述衬底(10)与所述第一AlN层(11)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述第一AlGaN层(12)与所述功能层(13)之间还具有第二AlGaN层(14),所述第二AlGaN层(14)中Al组分高于所述第一AlGaN层(12)中Al组分,所述激光自所述衬底(10)照射所述第一AlGaN层(12)后,所述功能层(13)与所述第二AlGaN层(14)脱离所述衬底(10)与所述第一AlN层(11)。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述第一AlGaN层(12)中,Al组分小于70%。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述第一AlGaN层(12)为单层结构或叠层结构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述叠层结构包括多层第一AlGaN子层(121),各层所述第一AlGaN子层(121)中的Al组分不同。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述叠层结构包括:AlGaN/AlN交替多层超晶格结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所 述衬底(10)的材料为蓝宝石。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述功能层(13)包括:光波滤波结构或LED结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述功能层(13)包括:LED结构,所述LED结构的发光波长小于350nm。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的半导体结构的衬底剥离方法,其特征在于,所述衬底(10)为平片结构,所述第一AlN层(11)具有图形化的结构;或所述衬底(10)和所述第一AlN层(11)均具有图形化的结构。
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