CN116298305B - 一种抗nt5c1a自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒 - Google Patents
一种抗nt5c1a自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒,所述的检测方法包括提取人肌肉组织总RNA及获得总cDNA、构建重组表达pSJMY‑NT5C1A‑GFPC载体、制备含重组表达载体pSJMY‑NT5C1A‑GFPC的细胞、构建并验证CBA间接免疫荧光法和筛选应用于临床血清标本NT5C1A抗体等步骤。本发明提出一种适用于临床的抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法,通过构建带有荧光标签的NT5C1A真核表达载体,并利用脂质体转染的方式建立基于HEK293细胞的双色间接免疫荧光方法,制备抗NT5C1A抗体细胞,测定患者血清中抗NT5C1A抗体,可以最大限度的维持蛋白的空间构象,提高检测的特异性,对患者的早期诊断和疗效评价均有明确的指导意义,且该方法中所使用的试剂均为常规试剂,便于获得,有利于降低临床检测成本,具有显著的社会效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及NT5C1A-Ab测定技术领域,特别涉及一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒。
背景技术
特发性炎性肌病(idiopathic inflammatory myopathies,IIM)是一大类以慢性肌肉炎症为主要特征的自身免疫性疾病,临床上以四肢近端肌肉受累为突出表现,可出现肌无力、血清肌酸激酶的升高,同时血清中可出现一系列的自身抗体。除此之外,IIM患者还常出现其他重要脏器的累及,包括皮肤、肺脏、心脏、关节、消化道等,10%-40%患者可合并有恶性肿瘤,表现出强烈的异质性。IIM导致的残疾可严重影响患者的生存质量,而出现多系统受累的患者整体预后很差,研宄显示其死亡率达12%-60%,因此这一疾病也越来越受到关注。
根据临床表现和病理学特征的不同,可将IIM分为以下几大亚型:多发性肌炎(polymyositis,PM)、皮肌炎(dermatomyositis,DM)、免疫介导的坏死性肌炎(immune-mediatednecrotizing myopathy,IMNM)、非特异性肌炎(nonspecificmyositis,NSM)和包涵体肌炎(inclusion body myositis,sIBM)。这些疾病既有相同的临床表现,有各自有特殊的表型,可能与其不同的发病机制有关。近年的一些研究发现一些自身抗体与特殊的临床表型有一定的相关性,因而肌炎患者经常有与不同的临床表型相关的自身抗体。仅在肌炎患者中发现的自身抗体被称为肌炎特异性自身抗体(MSAs),而在其他自身免疫疾病中发现的自身抗体被称为肌炎相关自身抗体(MAAs)。包涵体肌炎(IBM)是一种特发性炎症性肌病(IIM),通常影响年龄在50岁以上的患者。IBM患者的临床特征是不对称的手指屈伸无力和膝关节伸展无力。2013年,在IBM患者的血清中检测到抗胞质5‘-核苷酸酶1A(NT5C1A)抗体,并被认为为IBM的潜在诊断标志物。自2014年以来,华盛顿大学神经肌肉临床实验室已将抗NT5C1A抗体测试纳入其肌炎分离抗体测试。2016年,研究者发现一种针对43kD蛋白的血清抗体似乎在sIBM(散发型包涵体肌炎)患者中很常见;该自身抗体可以与该蛋白NT5C1A结合,该蛋白在骨骼肌中最为丰富,可能在DNA修复中发挥作用。随后,在皮肌炎、干燥综合征和系统性红斑狼疮患者中检测到该抗体。这表明抗NT5C1A可以在除IBM以外的自身免疫性疾病中检测到。在IBM或皮肌炎中,抗NT5C1A的血清阳性与其他临床病理特征之间的关系已经被讨论,一些报道称,在IBM或幼年、青少年肌炎中,抗NT5C1A的血清阳性可以预示更严重的表型。抗NT5C1A抗体在普通人群中很少见,在除sIBM以外的炎症性肌病中出现的频率较低。抗NT5C1A抗体的致病作用尚不清楚。研究数据表明,具有NT5c1A抗体的血清阳性sIBM可能代表一种更具侵袭性的疾病,有更严重的运动和功能缺陷,球部和呼吸受累的发生率更高。
目前,对于抗NT5C1A抗体的检测多是采用WB方法,但由于其难以维持蛋白的空间构象,致使其特异性不高,且费用昂贵,时间也很长,极大的限制了这些检测手段的推广,因而建立该抗体的检测方法并研制自身免疫性脑炎抗体体外诊断试剂,对于检测患者血清中抗体对该肌病的诊断具有重要意义。为此,我们提出一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒,通过构建带有荧光标签的NT5C1A真核表达载体,并利用脂质体转染的方式建立基于HEK293细胞的双色间接免疫荧光方法,制备抗NT5C1A抗体细胞,测定患者血清中抗NT5C1A抗体,可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒,所述的检测方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一,提取人肌肉组织总RNA及获得总cDNA
从临床中获取人肌肉组织,采用TRIzol试剂提取RNA,在多功能酶标仪上检测RNA浓度及纯度,用DEPC处理水校正零点;用DEPC处理水稀释RNA样品;读取OD260、OD280值和OD260/OD280的比值,当OD260/OD280的比值范围在1.8-2.0时,进行反转录反应,获取cDNA;
步骤二,构建重组表达pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体
根据NT5C1A序列设计NT5C1A基因扩增引物,利用已设计合成好的引物进行RT-PCR获取人NT5C1A基因,将RT-PCR扩增产物NT5C1A与T载体进行TA克隆,将大小位置正确的转化子接菌,培养,提取质粒,限制性酶切及测序鉴定,挑选正确的转化子进行重组组合,从T载体上切胶回收,插入到C端含有GFP绿色荧光标签的空载体pSJMY-GFPC、连接或者直接做无缝克隆,转化大肠杆菌,筛选阳性克隆,以上下游引物对转化子进行菌落扩增,培养重组克隆成功的转化子,提取质粒,进一步通过目的基因PCR、限制性酶切、基因测序等方式对重组质粒进行鉴定,选择正确的载体进行质粒的大量提取,保菌;
步骤三,制备含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞
接种HEK293T细胞至24孔培养板及腔室载玻片系统培养24h,当细胞达80%融合时采用Turbo8.0转染试剂进行转染,分别将pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体与转染试剂按照质量体积比0.1ug:0.3ul转入HEK293T细胞,放至CO2培养箱培养48h后,荧光显微镜下观察转染效率并记录、拍照,当转染效率达到60%-80%,将转染细胞弃上清,使用PBS清洗一遍细胞,弃PBS,用多聚甲醛固定细胞20min后,再使用PBS清洗2遍,加入含Triton、BSA进行破膜及封闭3小时至过夜,从而得到通透的含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞
步骤四,构建并验证CBA间接免疫荧光法
构建步骤:
a.将兔源一抗按照1:400-1:1000的比例进行稀释;
b.转染细胞表面封闭液弃去,加入稀释后的兔源一抗,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入一定体积的磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照;
g.对转染细胞提取全蛋白,进行蛋白免疫印迹实验,验证重组表达载体在细胞中NT5C1A蛋白表达情况。
步骤五,筛选应用于临床血清标本NT5C1A抗体
通过步骤四构建的CBA间接免疫荧光法测定人血清中的抗NT5C1A抗体情况,根据免疫荧光图进行临床阳性判定,具体步骤为:
a.获取临床患者的血清样本,并对血清标本进行比例稀释。
b.弃去转染细胞表面封闭液,加入稀释后的血清样本,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入一定体积的磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照,获取免疫荧光图;
g.根据免疫荧光图的显色情况进行临床阳性判定,判定方法为:pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC转染HEK293T细胞后,GFP和NT5C1A融合显示绿色荧光,抗NT5C1A血清抗体与转染的NT5C1A蛋白结合,在Alexa Fluor® 594二抗作用下,显示红色荧光,若绿色荧光和红色荧光Merge后荧光呈黄色,则证明抗体阳性,否则为阴性。
进一步的,所述步骤二中NT5C1A基因扩增引物的序列为:
224617NT5c1a-F:5’-AATGCGATCGCCATGGAACCTGGGCAGC-3’
224617NT5c1a-S:5’-TAAACGCGTCTGTGCAGATGGGGCCTGCT-3’。
进一步的,所述步骤一中采用TRIzol试剂提取RNA具体步骤为:
a.取新鲜人肌肉组织0.1~0.2g置于组织匀浆器中,加入预冷的Trizol液1ml于玻璃匀浆器中,在冰浴中迅速匀浆15~30s,以充分研碎组织,然后将细胞悬浮液吸入另一1.5mlEp管中,于室温下静置5min;
b.加入200μl氯仿,剧烈振摇15s混匀后,室温静置3min;
c.于4℃环境下,10000r/min离心处理15min,使RNA分布于水相中;
d.将上层无色水相转移到另一Ep管中,加入500μl异丙醇,室温静置10min;
e.于4℃环境下,10000r/min离心处理10min;
f.弃上清液,用1ml75%乙醇洗涤RNA沉淀物,于4℃环境下,7500r/min离心处理5min;
g.弃上清液,室温干燥15min;
h.向干燥过的沉淀物中加入200μlDEPC处理水溶解沉淀物,于-20℃保存备用。
进一步的,所述的体外诊断试剂盒依据上述方法制备。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明通过构建带有荧光标签的NT5C1A真核表达载体,并利用脂质体转染的方式建立基于HEK293细胞的双色间接免疫荧光方法,制备抗NT5C1A抗体细胞,测定患者血清中抗NT5C1A抗体,可以最大限度的维持蛋白的空间构象,提高检测的特异性,对患者的早期诊断和疗效评价均有明确的指导意义,且该方法中所使用的试剂均为常规试剂,便于获得,降低了检测试剂盒的成本,具有显著的社会效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明,其中,附图仅用于示例性说明,表示的仅是示意图,而非实物图,不能理解为对本发明的限制,为了更好地说明本发明的具体实施方式,附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小,并不代表实际产品的尺寸。
实施例1
如图1所示,一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法及体外诊断试剂盒,检测方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一,提取人肌肉组织总RNA及获得总cDNA
从临床中获取人肌肉组织,采用TRIzol试剂提取RNA,在多功能酶标仪上检测RNA浓度及纯度,用DEPC处理水校正零点;用DEPC处理水稀释RNA样品;读取OD260、OD280值和OD260/OD280的比值,当OD260/OD280的比值范围在1.8-2.0时,进行反转录反应,获取cDNA;
步骤二,构建重组表达pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体
根据NT5C1A序列设计NT5C1A基因扩增引物,利用已设计合成好的引物进行RT-PCR获取人NT5C1A基因,将RT-PCR扩增产物NT5C1A与T载体进行TA克隆,将大小位置正确的转化子接菌,培养,提取质粒,限制性酶切及测序鉴定,挑选正确的转化子进行重组组合,从T载体上切胶回收,插入到C端含有GFP绿色荧光标签的空载体pSJMY-GFPC、连接或者直接做无缝克隆,转化大肠杆菌,筛选阳性克隆,以上下游引物对转化子进行菌落扩增,培养重组克隆成功的转化子,提取质粒,进一步通过目的基因PCR、限制性酶切、基因测序等方式对重组质粒进行鉴定,选择正确的载体进行质粒的大量提取,保菌;
步骤三,制备含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞
接种HEK293T细胞至24孔培养板及腔室载玻片系统培养24h,当细胞达80%融合时采用Turbo8.0转染试剂进行转染,分别将pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体与转染试剂按照质量体积比0.1ug:0.3ul转入HEK293T细胞,放至CO2培养箱培养48h后,荧光显微镜下观察转染效率并记录、拍照,当转染效率达到60%-80%,将转染细胞弃上清,使用PBS清洗一遍细胞,弃PBS,用多聚甲醛固定细胞20min后,再使用PBS清洗2遍,加入含Triton、BSA进行破膜及封闭3小时至过夜,从而得到通透的含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞
步骤四,构建并验证CBA间接免疫荧光法
构建步骤:
a.将兔源一抗按照1:400-1:1000的比例进行稀释;
b.转染细胞表面封闭液弃去,加入稀释后的兔源一抗,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入一定体积的磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照;
g.对转染细胞提取全蛋白,进行蛋白免疫印迹实验,验证重组表达载体在细胞中NT5C1A蛋白表达情况。
步骤五,筛选应用于临床血清标本NT5C1A抗体
通过步骤四构建的CBA间接免疫荧光法测定人血清中的抗NT5C1A抗体情况,根据免疫荧光图进行临床阳性判定,具体步骤为:
a.获取临床患者的血清样本,并对血清标本进行比例稀释。
b.弃去转染细胞表面封闭液,加入稀释后的血清样本,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入一定体积的磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照,获取免疫荧光图;
g.根据免疫荧光图的显色情况进行临床阳性判定,判定方法为:pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC转染HEK293T细胞后,GFP和NT5C1A融合显示绿色荧光,抗NT5C1A血清抗体与转染的NT5C1A蛋白结合,在Alexa Fluor® 594二抗作用下,显示红色荧光,若绿色荧光和红色荧光Merge后荧光呈黄色,则证明抗体阳性,否则为阴性。
步骤二中NT5C1A基因扩增引物的序列为:
224617NT5c1a-F:5’-AATGCGATCGCCATGGAACCTGGGCAGC-3’
224617NT5c1a-S:5’-TAAACGCGTCTGTGCAGATGGGGCCTGCT-3’。
步骤一中采用TRIzol试剂提取RNA具体步骤为:
a.取新鲜人肌肉组织0.1~0.2g置于组织匀浆器中,加入预冷的Trizol液1ml于玻璃匀浆器中,在冰浴中迅速匀浆15~30s,以充分研碎组织,然后将细胞悬浮液吸入另一1.5mlEp管中,于室温下静置5min;
b.加入200μl氯仿,剧烈振摇15s混匀后,室温静置3min;
c.于4℃环境下,10000r/min离心处理15min,使RNA分布于水相中;
d.将上层无色水相转移到另一Ep管中,加入500μl异丙醇,室温静置10min;
e.于4℃环境下,10000r/min离心处理10min;
f.弃上清液,用1ml75%乙醇洗涤RNA沉淀物,于4℃环境下,7500r/min离心处理5min;
g.弃上清液,室温干燥15min;
h.向干燥过的沉淀物中加入200μlDEPC处理水溶解沉淀物,于-20℃保存备用。
体外诊断试剂盒依据上述方法制备。
通过采用上述技术方案:抗NT5C1A自身抗体临床检测的具体实施步骤为:
步骤一,提取人肌肉组织总RNA及获得总cDNA
在病人知情且同意的情况下,从临床中获取人肌肉组织,进行总RNA提取并反转录为cDNA,采用TRIzol试剂提取RNA的具体步骤为:
a.取新鲜组织0.1~0.2g置于组织匀浆器中,加入预冷的Trizol液1ml于玻璃匀浆器中,在冰浴中迅速匀浆15~30s,以充分研碎组织。然后将细胞悬浮液吸入另一1.5mlEp管中,于室温下静置5min;
b.加入200μl氯仿,剧烈振摇15s混匀后,室温静置3min;
c.4℃,10000r/min离心15min,使RNA分布于水相中;
d.将上层无色水相转移到另一Ep管中,加入500μl异丙醇,室温静置10min;
e.4℃,10000r/min离心10min;
f.弃上清液,用1ml75%乙醇洗涤RNA沉淀物,4℃,7500r/min离心5min;
g.弃上清液,室温干燥15min;
h.向干燥过的沉淀物中加入200μlDEPC处理水溶解沉淀物,于-20℃保存备用;
i.在多功能酶标仪上检测RNA浓度及纯度,用DEPC处理水校正零点;用DEPC处理水稀释RNA样品;读取OD260、OD280值及OD260/OD280的比值;
j.当OD260/OD280的比值范围在1.8-2.0时,进行反转录反应,获取cDNA,
反转录条件如下:37℃、15min;85℃、5sec;hold4℃。
步骤二:构建重组表达pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体
从NCBI网站上查找并下载分析NT5C1A序列,设计相应合适的上下游引物,并合成,将RT-PCR扩增产物NT5C1A与T载体进行TA克隆,转化后挑取部分转化子菌落PCR鉴定,将大小位置正确的转化子接菌,培养,提取质粒,限制性酶切及测序鉴定。
挑选正确的转化子进行重组组合,从T载体上切胶回收,插入到C端含有GFP绿色荧光标签的空载体pSJMY-GFPC、连接或者直接做无缝克隆,转化大肠杆菌,筛选阳性克隆。
以上下游引物对转化子进行菌落扩增,如能扩出全长片段,即认为重组克隆成功。之后培养,提取质粒,进一步通过目的基因PCR、限制性酶切、基因测序等方式对重组质粒进行鉴定。选择正确的载体进行质粒的大量提取,保菌等工作。
步骤三,制备含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞
接种HEK293T细胞至24孔培养板及腔室载玻片系统中,24h后细胞达80%融合,采用Turbo8.0转染试剂进行转染,分别将pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体与转染试剂按照质量体积比0.1ug:0.3ul转入HEK293T细胞,放至CO2培养箱培养48h后,荧光显微镜下观察转染效率并记录、拍照,转染效率达到60%-80%以上进行后续实验。
将转染细胞于荧光显微镜下观察,如果有绿色荧光,且转染效率较高情况下,进行后续实验。
a.细胞弃上清。
b.PBS清洗一遍细胞,弃PBS。
c.用多聚甲醛固定细胞20min。
d.用PBS清洗2遍。
e.加入含Triton、BSA进行破膜及封闭3小时至过夜得到通透的含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞。
步骤四,构建并验证CBA间接免疫荧光法
a.将兔源一抗按照1:400-1:1000的比例进行稀释;
b.转染细胞表面封闭液弃去,加入稀释后的兔源一抗,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入一定体积的磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照;
g.对转染细胞提取全蛋白,进行蛋白免疫印迹实验,验证重组表达载体在细胞中NT5C1A蛋白表达情况,具体步骤为:
1)总蛋白提取
a.倒掉培养液,并将瓶倒扣在吸水纸上使吸水纸吸干培养液,或将瓶直立放置一会儿使残余培养液流到瓶底然后再用移液器将其吸走;
b.每瓶细胞加3ml4℃预冷的PBS。平放轻轻摇动1min洗涤细胞,然后弃去洗液。重复以上操作两次,共洗细胞三次以洗去培养液。将PBS弃净后把培养瓶置于冰上;
c.按1ml裂解液加10μlPMSF,摇匀置于冰上;
d.每瓶细胞加100-400μl含PMSF的裂解液,于冰上裂解30min,为使细胞充分裂解培养瓶要经常来回摇动;
e.裂解完后,用干净的刮棒快速将细胞刮于培养瓶的一侧,然后用移液枪将细胞碎片和裂解液移至1.5ml离心管中;
f.提前开离心机预冷,将细胞于4℃下12000rpm离心5min;
g.将离心后的上清分装转移倒0.5min的离心管中放于-20℃或者-70℃保存备用。
2)制备SDS-PAGE胶
a.清洗玻璃板:一只手扣紧玻璃板,另一只手蘸点洗衣粉轻轻擦洗。两面都擦洗过后用自来水冲,再用蒸馏水冲洗干净后立在筐里晾干。
b.灌胶与上样
Ⅰ.玻璃板对齐后放入夹中卡紧。然后垂直卡在架子上准备灌胶。
Ⅱ.制备分离胶
灌胶时,可用1ml枪吸取1ml胶沿玻璃放出,溶液缓慢加入到装配好的板中至凝胶高度为6cm左右,预留1.5cm高度配制浓缩胶。然后胶上加一层水,液封后的胶凝得更快。灌胶时开始可快一些,胶面快到所需高度时要放慢速度。操作时胶一定要沿玻璃板流下,这样胶中才不会有气泡。加水液封时要很慢,否则胶会被冲变型。室温放置0.5-1小时左右至聚合完全。
Ⅲ.当水和胶之间有一条折射线时,说明胶已凝了。再等3min使胶充分凝固就可倒去胶上层水并用吸水纸将水吸干。
Ⅳ.制备浓缩胶:4%浓缩胶配合<10%的分离胶使用,6%浓缩胶配合>10%的分离胶使用。将剩余空间灌满浓缩胶然后将梳子插入浓缩胶中。灌胶时也要使胶沿玻璃板流下以免胶中有气泡产生。插梳子时要使梳子保持水平。由于胶凝固时体积会收缩减小,从而使加样孔的上样体积减小,所以在浓缩胶凝固的过程中要经常在两边补胶。待到浓缩胶凝固后,两手分别捏住梳子的两边竖直向上轻轻将其拔出。凝胶聚合约0.5-1小时左右。
Ⅴ.用水冲洗一下浓缩胶,将其放入电泳槽中。小玻璃板面向内,大玻璃板面向外。若只跑一块胶,槽另一边要垫一块塑料板且有字的一面向外。
Ⅵ.取提取好的蛋白,约10-15ul与5×SDS上样缓冲液按5:1的比例混合,加到1.5ml离心管中,然后沸水中煮3-5min使蛋白完全变性。
Ⅶ.电泳:先电压为100V跑至浓缩胶与分离胶交界处,换用120-150V继续跑。电泳至溴酚兰刚跑出即可终止电泳,然后进行转膜。
3)转膜
实验前的准备工作
a.制备足够转移缓冲液以充满转移槽,另外准备200ml用于平衡凝胶和膜以及润湿滤纸。
b.从玻璃板上取下凝胶,去除所有浓缩胶。
c.将凝胶浸入转移缓冲液中15-30分钟。
d.滤纸在转移缓冲液中至少浸泡30秒。
e.准备PVDF膜
在甲醇中润湿膜15秒,保证膜由不透明变成半透明。小心将膜放入双蒸水水中浸泡2分钟。然后小心将膜放入转移缓冲液中平衡至少5分钟。
f.将夹子打开使黑的一面保持水平。在上面垫一张海绵垫,用玻棒来回擀几遍以擀走里面的气泡。一手擀另一手要压住垫子使其不能随便移动。在垫子上垫三层滤纸,一手固定滤纸一手用玻棒擀去其中的气泡
g.要先将玻璃板撬掉才可剥胶,撬的时候动作要轻,要在两个边上轻轻的反复撬。撬一会儿玻璃板便开始松动,直到撬去玻板。除去小玻璃板后,将浓缩胶轻轻刮去,要避免把分离胶刮破,同时在胶的右上角做个记号。小心剥下分离胶盖于滤纸上,用手调整使其与滤纸对齐,轻轻用玻棒擀去气泡。将膜盖于胶上,要盖满整个胶(膜盖下后不可再移动)并除气泡。在膜上盖3张滤纸并除去气泡。最后盖上另一个海绵垫,擀几下就可合起夹子。整个操作在转移液中进行,要不断的擀去气泡。膜两边的滤纸不能相互接触,接触后会发生短路。转移液含甲醇,操作时要戴手套,实验室要开门以使空气流通。
h.将夹子放入转移槽槽中,要使夹的黑面对槽的黑面,夹的红面对槽的红面。电转移时会产热,在槽的一边放一块冰来降温。转膜装置置于冰水中,打开电源30mA过夜或200mA2小时。
i.转完后在膜上做个记号,以判断膜的正反面,将膜晾干备用。
4)封闭
将膜用TBS从下向上浸湿后,移至含有封闭液的平皿中,室温下,用封闭液在脱色摇床上摇动封闭2h或者4度过夜,如果预实验做完后,发现背景比较高,可以适当延长封闭时间。如果以后需要做膜再生实验的,最好用脱脂奶粉做封闭剂。
5)一抗
将一抗用封闭液稀释或者闪晶生物提供的高效抗体稀释液稀释至适当浓度;通常用自封袋装溶液,溶液体积大概2-5ml,从封闭液中取出膜,用滤纸吸去残留液后,将膜蛋白面朝上放于抗体液面上,脱色摇床上37℃孵育2h。
6)洗涤
用TBST在室温下脱色摇床上洗3次,每次5min,如果预实验发现背景比较高,可适当增加洗涤和洗涤时间;如果预实验发现条带较淡,可以一抗4℃过夜孵育。
7)二抗
同上方法准备二抗稀释液并与膜接触,37℃孵育2h。
8)洗涤
用TBST在室温下脱色摇床上洗3次,每次5min;如果预实验发现背景比较高,可适当增加洗涤和洗涤时间;如果预实验发现条带较淡,可以二抗4℃过夜孵育。
9)曝光及拍照
a.将A和B两种试剂在离心管中等体积混合;1min后,将溶液平铺在膜蛋白面,暗室反应2min后去尽残液,包好,放入X-光片夹中。
b.将胶片进行扫描或拍照,用凝胶图象处理系统分析条带。
步骤五,筛选应用于临床血清标本NT5C1A抗体
通过步骤四构建的CBA间接免疫荧光法测定人血清中的抗NT5C1A抗体情况,根据免疫荧光图进行临床阳性判定,具体步骤为:
a.获取临床患者的血清样本,并对血清标本进行比例稀释。
b.弃去转染细胞表面封闭液,加入稀释后的血清样本,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入一定体积的磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照,获取免疫荧光图;
g.根据免疫荧光图的显色情况进行临床阳性判定,判定方法为:pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC转染HEK293T细胞后,GFP和NT5C1A融合显示绿色荧光,抗NT5C1A血清抗体与转染的NT5C1A蛋白结合,在Alexa Fluor® 594二抗作用下,显示红色荧光,若绿色荧光和红色荧光Merge后荧光呈黄色,则证明抗体阳性,否则为阴性。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (4)
1.一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法,其特征在于:所述的检测方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一,提取人肌肉组织总RNA及获得总cDNA
从临床中获取人肌肉组织,采用TRIzol试剂提取RNA,在多功能酶标仪上检测RNA浓度及纯度,用DEPC处理水校正零点;用DEPC处理水稀释RNA样品;读取OD260、OD280值和OD260/OD280的比值,当OD260/OD280的比值范围在1.8-2.0时,进行反转录反应,获取cDNA;
步骤二,构建重组表达pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体
根据NT5C1A序列设计NT5C1A基因扩增引物,利用已设计合成好的引物进行RT-PCR获取人NT5C1A基因,将RT-PCR扩增产物NT5C1A与T载体进行TA克隆,将大小位置正确的转化子接菌,培养,提取质粒,限制性酶切及测序鉴定,挑选正确的转化子进行重组组合,从T载体上切胶回收,插入到C端含有GFP绿色荧光标签的空载体pSJMY-GFPC、连接或者直接做无缝克隆,转化大肠杆菌,筛选阳性克隆,以上下游引物对转化子进行菌落扩增,培养重组克隆成功的转化子,提取质粒,进一步通过目的基因PCR、限制性酶切、基因测序方式对重组质粒进行鉴定,选择正确的载体进行质粒的大量提取,保菌;
步骤三,制备含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞
接种HEK293T细胞至24孔培养板及腔室载玻片系统培养24h,当细胞达80%融合时采用Turbo8.0转染试剂进行转染,分别将pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC载体与转染试剂按照质量体积比0.1ug:0.3ul转入HEK293T细胞,放至CO2培养箱培养48h后,荧光显微镜下观察转染效率并记录、拍照,当转染效率达到60%-80%,将转染细胞弃上清,使用PBS清洗一遍细胞,弃PBS,用多聚甲醛固定细胞20min后,再使用PBS清洗2遍,加入含Triton、BSA进行破膜及封闭3小时至过夜,从而得到通透的含重组表达载体pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC的细胞
步骤四,构建并验证CBA间接免疫荧光法
构建步骤:
a.将兔源一抗按照1:400-1:1000的比例进行稀释;
b.转染细胞表面封闭液弃去,加入稀释后的兔源一抗,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照;
g.对转染细胞提取全蛋白,进行蛋白免疫印迹实验,验证重组表达载体在细胞中NT5C1A蛋白表达情况;
步骤五,筛选应用于临床血清标本NT5C1A抗体
通过步骤四构建的CBA间接免疫荧光法测定人血清中的抗NT5C1A抗体情况,根据免疫荧光图进行临床阳性判定,具体步骤为:
a.获取临床患者的血清样本,并对血清标本进行比例稀释;
b.弃去转染细胞表面封闭液,加入稀释后的血清样本,37℃环境下孵育30min-2h;
c.用含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
d.加入Alexa Fluor® 594二抗,孵育30min-2h;
e.含Triton的PBS洗液洗涤;
f.加入磷酸盐缓冲液进行免疫荧光观察,使用荧光显微镜的蓝色激发光和绿色激发光分别进行观察拍照,获取免疫荧光图;
g.根据免疫荧光图的显色情况进行临床阳性判定,判定方法为:pSJMY-NT5C1A-GFPC转染HEK293T细胞后,GFP和NT5C1A融合显示绿色荧光,抗NT5C1A血清抗体与转染的NT5C1A蛋白结合,在Alexa Fluor® 594二抗作用下,显示红色荧光,若绿色荧光和红色荧光Merge后荧光呈黄色,则证明抗体阳性,否则为阴性;
所述检测方法为非疾病的诊断和治疗目的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二中NT5C1A基因扩增引物的序列为:
224617NT5c1a-F:5’-AATGCGATCGCCATGGAACCTGGGCAGC-3’
224617NT5c1a-S:5’-TAAACGCGTCTGTGCAGATGGGGCCTGCT-3’。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中采用TRIzol试剂提取RNA具体步骤为:
a.取新鲜人肌肉组织0.1~0.2g置于组织匀浆器中,加入预冷的Trizol液1ml于玻璃匀浆器中,在冰浴中迅速匀浆15~30s,以充分研碎组织,然后将细胞悬浮液吸入另一1.5mlEp管中,于室温下静置5min;
b.加入200μl氯仿,剧烈振摇15s混匀后,室温静置3min;
c.于4℃环境下,10000r/min离心处理15min,使RNA分布于水相中;
d.将上层无色水相转移到另一Ep管中,加入500μl异丙醇,室温静置10min;
e.于4℃环境下,10000r/min离心处理10min;
f.弃上清液,用1ml75%乙醇洗涤RNA沉淀物,于4℃环境下,7500r/min离心处理5min;
g.弃上清液,室温干燥15min;
h.向干燥过的沉淀物中加入200μlDEPC处理水溶解沉淀物,于-20℃保存备用。
4.一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体的体外诊断试剂盒,其特征在于:所述的体外诊断试剂盒依据权利要求1-3任一所述的一种抗NT5C1A自身抗体检测方法制备。
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