CN116283239A - 一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(i) oxide Chemical compound [Al]O[Al] BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种陶粒支撑剂，按质量百分比计，由以下原料组成：铝矾土17～30％、二氧化锰1～6％、氧化镁0.5～2％、增强剂3～5％、钾长石0.5‑2.5％和糊精0.1‑1.2％。抗压强度高，圆球度好、工艺简单、制造成本低的特点，将其填充到低渗透矿床的岩层裂隙中，进行高闭合压裂处理，使含油气岩层裂开，起到支撑裂隙不因应力释放而闭合，从而保持油气的高导流能力，不但能增加油气产量，而且更能延长油气井服务年限。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶粒支撑剂技术领域，具体涉及一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
支撑剂是指具有一定粒度和级配的天然砂或人造高强陶瓷颗粒。支撑剂是油气深井、超深井压裂工艺特需的关键材料，对提高油气产量和延长油、气井的使用寿命起着重要作用。
目前陶粒支撑剂主要是采用铝钒土为主要原料用电解或烧结方法进行制备，但陶粒支撑剂视密度在2.7mg/cm3以上，所具有的强度(抗压)在52MPa水压压力下其破碎率大于10％，不能完全满足压裂支撑剂需快速填充压裂裂缝并稳固地支撑裂缝缝面的技术要求，造成地层深部油层局部有时出现压裂裂缝在上部岩石的重力作用下重新闭合，从而降低水力压裂效果，不利于石油增产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法，抗压强度高，圆球度好、工艺简单、制造成本低的特点，将其填充到低渗透矿床的岩层裂隙中，进行高闭合压裂处理，使含油气岩层裂开，起到支撑裂隙不因应力释放而闭合，从而保持油气的高导流能力，不但能增加油气产量，而且更能延长油气井服务年限，以解决上述背景技术中提出现有技术中的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种陶粒支撑剂，按质量百分比计，由以下原料组成：铝矾土17～30％、二氧化锰1～6％、氧化镁0.5～2％、增强剂3～5％、钾长石0.5-2.5％和糊精0.1-1.2％。
优选的，所述铝矾土块度为300-500mm，所述铝矾土中的Al2O3含量为65～70％。
优选的，所述增强剂为铝溶胶、硅溶胶或磷酸铝凝胶的一种。
一种陶粒支撑剂制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、称取粒度300-500mm的铝矾土，经过颚式破碎机和锤式破碎机两级破碎后，铝矾土粒度在2um左右；
S2、称取二氧化锰1～6％、氧化镁0.5～2％、钾长石0.5-2.5％和糊精0.1-1.2％和铝矾土原料进行混合和研磨，并加入3-5％的增强剂；
S3、将混合后的原料放在料斗中，并输送至造粒设备进行造粒成型，以得到胚料
S4、将胚料送入回转窑中烧制，烧结温度控制在950℃-1300℃，烧结时间1-5小时以得到陶粒；
S5、将陶粒置于冷却设备中进行冷却成型，陶粒经冷却后可直接输送至多级振动筛，按要求可分为多个颗粒级，之后进行包装工序即可。
优选的，所述S1中对铝矾土进行破碎时提供100-200℃的环境，使得出的粉料水分控制在1-3％。
优选的，所述S2中得到的混合料的粒度小于300目，需要进行烘干，控制混合料的湿度低于6％。
优选的，所述S3中的造粒设备为造粒机和成球机的一种，进行造粒时通过管道泵向设备内喷洒水雾，最终得到的粒径为0.3-0.8mm的胚料。
优选的，所述S4中煅烧后的陶粒向窑头移动，同时煤粉从窑头喷入窑头燃烧器，陶粒在回转窑内煅烧生成高强度的陶瓷砂。
优选的，所述S5中冷却设备为回转冷却机。
本发明提出的一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法，与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：
本发明通过在现有制造陶粒的方法基础上，采用未经焙烧的铝矾土生矿，通过改进原辅料的成分和配比，以及控制粉料的粒径和烧结温度得到陶粒支撑剂，抗压强度高，圆球度好、工艺简单、制造成本低的特点，因此用于深井压裂施工时，将其填充到低渗透矿床的岩层裂隙中，进行高闭合压裂处理，使含油气岩层裂开，起到支撑裂隙不因应力释放而闭合，从而保持油气的高导流能力，不但能增加油气产量，而且更能延长油气井服务年限。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种陶粒支撑剂，按质量百分比计，由以下原料组成：铝矾土17～30％、二氧化锰1～6％、氧化镁0.5～2％、增强剂3～5％、钾长石0.5-2.5％和糊精0.1-1.2％。
铝矾土块度为300-500mm，铝矾土中的Al2O3含量为65～70％，增强剂为铝溶胶、硅溶胶或磷酸铝凝胶的一种。
一种陶粒支撑剂制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、称取粒度300-500mm的铝矾土，经过颚式破碎机和锤式破碎机两级破碎后，铝矾土粒度在2um左右；
S2、称取二氧化锰1～6％、氧化镁0.5～2％、钾长石0.5-2.5％和糊精0.1-1.2％和铝矾土原料进行混合和研磨，并加入3-5％的增强剂；
S3、将混合后的原料放在料斗中，并输送至造粒设备进行造粒成型，以得到胚料
S4、将胚料送入回转窑中烧制，烧结温度控制在950℃-1300℃，烧结时间1-5小时以得到陶粒；
S5、将陶粒置于冷却设备中进行冷却成型，陶粒经冷却后可直接输送至多级振动筛，按要求可分为多个颗粒级，之后进行包装工序即可。
S1中对铝矾土进行破碎时提供100-200℃的环境，使得出的粉料水分控制在1-3％，S2中得到的混合料的粒度小于300目，需要进行烘干，控制混合料的湿度低于6％，S3中的造粒设备为造粒机和成球机的一种，进行造粒时通过管道泵向设备内喷洒水雾，最终得到的粒径为0.3-0.8mm的胚料，S4中煅烧后的陶粒向窑头移动，同时煤粉从窑头喷入窑头燃烧器，陶粒在回转窑内煅烧生成高强度的陶瓷砂，S5中冷却设备为回转冷却机。
本发明通过在现有制造陶粒的方法基础上，采用未经焙烧的铝矾土生矿，通过改进原辅料的成分和配比，以及控制粉料的粒径和烧结温度得到陶粒支撑剂，抗压强度高，圆球度好、工艺简单、制造成本低的特点，因此具有很好的导流能力，在水力压裂中能快速地填充压裂裂缝，并在水力压裂结束后始终能使裂缝得到有效支撑，防止压裂裂缝重新闭合，使地层流体以线性方式进入裂缝，提高了水力压裂效果，有利于石油增产，用于深井压裂施工时，将其填充到低渗透矿床的岩层裂隙中，进行高闭合压裂处理，使含油气岩层裂开，起到支撑裂隙不因应力释放而闭合，从而保持油气的高导流能力，不但能增加油气产量，而且更能延长油气井服务年限。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于：按质量百分比计，由以下原料组成：铝矾土17～30％、二氧化锰1～6％、氧化镁0.5～2％、增强剂3～5％、钾长石0.5-2.5％和糊精0.1-1.2％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于：所述铝矾土块度为300-500mm，所述铝矾土中的Al2O3含量为65～70％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于：所述增强剂为铝溶胶、硅溶胶或磷酸铝凝胶的一种。
4.根据权利要求1-3所述的一种陶粒支撑剂制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
S1、称取粒度300-500mm的铝矾土，经过颚式破碎机和锤式破碎机两级破碎后，铝矾土粒度在2um左右；
S2、称取二氧化锰1～6％、氧化镁0.5～2％、钾长石0.5-2.5％和糊精0.1-1.2％和铝矾土原料进行混合和研磨，并加入3-5％的增强剂；
S3、将混合后的原料放在料斗中，并输送至造粒设备进行造粒成型，以得到胚料
S4、将胚料送入回转窑中烧制，烧结温度控制在950℃-1300℃，烧结时间1-5小时以得到陶粒；
S5、将陶粒置于冷却设备中进行冷却成型，陶粒经冷却后可直接输送至多级振动筛，按要求可分为多个颗粒级，之后进行包装工序即可。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述S1中对铝矾土进行破碎时提供100-200℃的环境，使得出的粉料水分控制在1-3％。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述S2中得到的混合料的粒度小于300目，需要进行烘干，控制混合料的湿度低于6％。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述S3中的造粒设备为造粒机和成球机的一种，进行造粒时通过管道泵向设备内喷洒水雾，最终得到的粒径为0.3-0.8mm的胚料。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述S4中煅烧后的陶粒向窑头移动，同时煤粉从窑头喷入窑头燃烧器，陶粒在回转窑内煅烧生成高强度的陶瓷砂。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述S5中冷却设备为回转冷却机。
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