CN116235683A - Straw crushing and returning mechanism and returning seeder thereof - Google Patents

Straw crushing and returning mechanism and returning seeder thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116235683A
CN116235683A CN202310293871.6A CN202310293871A CN116235683A CN 116235683 A CN116235683 A CN 116235683A CN 202310293871 A CN202310293871 A CN 202310293871A CN 116235683 A CN116235683 A CN 116235683A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
straw
collecting
machine shell
cavity
straws
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310293871.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姬景红
刘杰
刘双全
马星竹
郝小雨
郑雨
赵月
匡恩俊
陈雪丽
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Heilongjiang Black Soil Conservation And Utilization Research Institute
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Heilongjiang Black Soil Conservation And Utilization Research Institute
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Publication date
Application filed by Heilongjiang Black Soil Conservation And Utilization Research Institute filed Critical Heilongjiang Black Soil Conservation And Utilization Research Institute
Priority to CN202310293871.6A priority Critical patent/CN116235683A/en
Publication of CN116235683A publication Critical patent/CN116235683A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/835Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes
    • A01D34/8355Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes for cutting up or crushing remaining standing stalks, e.g. stubble

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a straw smashing and returning mechanism and a returning seeder thereof, which comprise a machine shell, wherein a collecting device for collecting straws is arranged at the front part of the machine shell, a drying device for drying the straws is arranged at the middle part of the machine shell, a conveying device for conveying the straws is arranged between the collecting device and the drying device, a smashing device for smashing the straws is arranged at the rear part of the machine shell, the drying device comprises a cavity, the cavity is arranged in the middle part of the machine shell, electric heating plates which are bilaterally symmetrical are arranged in the cavity, and the electric heating plates are fixedly connected with a reciprocating telescopic motor. The invention avoids incomplete crushing of the straws due to the dampness of the straws, so that the size diameter of the straws is overlarge, the occurrence of later emergence of seeds is restrained, and on the other hand, the occurrence of uneven distribution of the straws thrown into farmlands due to the fact that the damp straws are stuck together after crushing is avoided.

Description

Straw crushing and returning mechanism and returning seeder thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of straw crushing, in particular to a straw crushing and returning mechanism and a returning seeder thereof.
Background
Straw returning is a widely-appreciated production increasing measure for fertilizer cultivation in the world, and has the functions of increasing fertilizer and increasing yield while avoiding the atmospheric pollution caused by straw burning. However, the manual crushing and returning to the field has high labor intensity and low working efficiency, so that the straw crushing and returning to the field agricultural machine is developed.
In general, the straw crushing and returning mechanism is used for crushing dry straws, but sometimes wet straws are crushed, on one hand, the wet straws are not completely crushed, so that the size diameter of the straws is too large, the straws are covered on the ground surface, and the seedling emergence of seeds can be inhibited in the later stage; on the other hand, wet straws can be adsorbed together after being crushed, so that the straws thrown into farmlands are unevenly distributed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a straw crushing and returning mechanism for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a straw is smashed still field mechanism, includes the casing, the front portion of casing is provided with the collection device who is used for collecting the straw, the mid-mounting of casing has the drying device who is used for drying the straw, collection device with be provided with the conveyor who is used for conveying the straw between the drying device, the reducing mechanism who is used for smashing the straw is installed at the rear portion of casing, drying device includes the cavity, the cavity sets up the inside at the middle part of casing, the inside of cavity is provided with bilateral symmetry's electrical heating board, electrical heating board and reciprocal flexible motor fixed connection, the bottom symmetry of cavity is provided with two straw discharge channel, the straw exit tube is installed to the end of straw discharge channel, be provided with the solenoid valve on the straw exit tube, solenoid valve and controller electric connection the bottom center of cavity is installed pressure sensor with controller electric connection for according to the pressure value size, trigger the controller control reciprocal flexible motor action.
Preferably, the collecting device comprises a collecting shaft, collecting blades and a collecting shaft, the collecting shaft penetrates through the front portion of the machine shell, a plurality of collecting blades are arranged on the collecting shaft and located in the machine shell, one end of the collecting shaft, which is located outside the machine shell, is fixedly connected with the first driving wheel, the collecting shaft is arranged at the rear portion of the collecting shaft, the collecting shaft penetrates through the front portion of the machine shell, two ends of the collecting shaft are located in the machine shell, a first spiral cutter is arranged in the collecting shaft, the collecting shaft is located at one end of the machine shell and fixedly connected with the second driving wheel, the first driving wheel is connected with the second driving wheel through a belt, a baffle for preventing straw from flying is arranged at the bottom of the collecting shaft, and a platform for placing straw is arranged at the rear portion of the collecting shaft.
Preferably, the conveying device comprises an auger and a conveying pipe, the auger is arranged in the conveying pipe, one end of the auger penetrates through the conveying pipe and is fixedly connected with the rotating motor, one end of the conveying pipe extends to the upper portion of the middle of the platform, the other end of the conveying pipe extends to the upper portion of the cavity, and the rotating motor is arranged at the bottom of the L-shaped supporting rod.
Preferably, the crushing device comprises a rotating shaft, second spiral cutters and a third driving wheel, the rotating shaft penetrates through the rear portion of the machine shell, a plurality of second spiral cutters are arranged in the rotating shaft and located in the machine shell, cutting cutters are welded on inner walls of two sides of the machine shell between adjacent second spiral cutters, and one end, located outside the machine shell, of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the third driving wheel.
Preferably, a through hole for passing dried straw is arranged between the middle part and the rear part of the shell.
Preferably, the spiral directions of the two first spiral cutters are opposite.
Preferably, a slope inclined downwards is arranged below the cavity, and a barrier strip is arranged on the side edge of the slope.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention further provides the following technical solutions:
a returning seeder, comprising the straw crushing returning mechanism as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
through set up bilateral symmetry's electrical heating board in the cavity, with electrical heating board and reciprocal flexible motor fixed connection, utilize the characteristic of reciprocal flexible motor, can drive the electrical heating board of both sides and control the round trip movement, set up two straw discharge channels in the bottom of cavity, and install the straw exit tube at the end of straw discharge channel, and be provided with the solenoid valve on the straw exit tube, therefore when the electrical heating board of both sides is moved in opposite directions, except can with the water partial pressure of moist straw, discharge through leaking the hole, still can utilize the heat that electrical heating board self carried will extrude the straw quick drying of moisture, thereby on the one hand avoided because of the straw is moist, lead to the incomplete of straw crushing, the chi footpath of messenger's straw is too big, the condition emergence of restraining the seed later stage is avoided on the other hand, paste together after smashing, the condition emergence of the straw distribution inhomogeneous that leads to throwing in the farmland.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top cross-sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a side sectional view of the drying apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 a shell, 2 a collecting device, 21 a collecting shaft, 22 a collecting blade, 23 a collecting shaft, 24 a first driving wheel, 25 a first spiral knife, 26 a second driving wheel, 27 a baffle, 28 a platform, 3 a drying device, 31 a cavity, 32 an electric heating plate, 33 a reciprocating telescopic motor, 34 a straw outlet pipe, 35 an electromagnetic valve, 36 a slope, 37 a barrier strip, 4 a conveying device, 41 an auger, 42 a conveying pipe, 43 a rotating motor, 44-L-shaped supporting rods, 5 a crushing device, 51 a rotating shaft, 52 a second spiral knife, 53 a cutting knife, 54 a third driving wheel and 6 through holes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a straw crushing and returning mechanism is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a machine shell 1, wherein the machine shell 1 is called front, middle and rear parts from left to right, a collecting device 2 for collecting straws is arranged at the front part of the machine shell 1, a drying device 3 for drying the straws is arranged in the middle of the machine shell 1, a conveying device 4 for conveying the straws is arranged between the collecting device 2 and the drying device 3, a crushing device 5 for crushing the straws is arranged at the rear part of the machine shell 1, and the whole process of straw crushing from the collection to the conveying to the drying and finally to the drying of the wet straws is completed by utilizing the sequence of the collecting device 2, the conveying device 4, the drying device 3 and the crushing device 5; as shown in fig. 2, a through hole 6 for passing dried straw is arranged between the middle part and the rear part of the shell 1; as shown in fig. 4, the drying device 3 includes a cavity 31, the cavity 31 is disposed in the middle of the casing 1, a bilaterally symmetrical electric heating plate 32 is disposed in the cavity 31, the electric heating plate 32 is fixedly connected with a reciprocating telescopic motor 33, two straw discharge channels are symmetrically disposed at the bottom of the cavity 31, a concave water leakage hole is disposed at the bottom of the cavity 31, a filter screen is covered on the water leakage hole, so that the wet straw can be conveniently and rapidly discharged, and meanwhile, blocking is avoided, a straw outlet pipe 34 is mounted at the tail end of the straw discharge channel, an electromagnetic valve 35 is disposed on the straw outlet pipe 34, the electromagnetic valve 35 is electrically connected with a controller, a pressure sensor is mounted at the center of the bottom of the cavity 31, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and is used for triggering the controller to control the reciprocating telescopic motor 33 to act according to the pressure value, a slope 36 which is inclined downwards is disposed at the side of the slope 36, the slope 36 is provided with a barrier strip 37, the inclination angle of the slope 36 is as large as possible and the surface is smooth, so that the straw can rapidly and completely slide into the crushing device 5, and the barrier strip 37 can fall into other areas when the straw falls from the slope 36.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the collecting device 2 comprises a collecting shaft 21, collecting blades 22 and a collecting shaft 23, the collecting shaft 21 penetrates through the front part of the machine shell 1, a plurality of collecting blades 22 are arranged on the collecting shaft 21 and positioned in the machine shell 1, one end of the collecting shaft 21 positioned outside the machine shell 1 is fixedly connected with a first driving wheel 24, the first driving wheel 24 is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of a motor for driving the first driving wheel to rotate, the collecting shaft 23 is arranged at the rear part of the collecting shaft 21, the collecting shaft 23 penetrates through the front part of the machine shell 1, first spiral cutters 25 are arranged at two ends of the collecting shaft 23 and positioned in the machine shell 1, spiral directions of the two first spiral cutters 25 are opposite, the collecting shaft 23 is fixedly connected with a second driving wheel 26 at one end of the machine shell 1, the first driving wheel 24 and the second driving wheel 26 are connected through a belt, a baffle 27 for preventing straw from flying is arranged at the bottom of the collecting shaft 23, and a platform 28 for placing straw is arranged at the rear part of the collecting shaft 23.
As shown in fig. 2, the conveying device 4 includes a packing auger 41 and a conveying pipe 42, the packing auger 41 is disposed in the conveying pipe 42, one end of the packing auger 41 penetrates through the conveying pipe 42 and is fixedly connected with a rotating motor 43, one end of the conveying pipe 42 extends to the upper portion of the middle portion of the platform 28, the other end extends to the upper portion of the cavity 31, and the rotating motor 43 is mounted at the bottom of an L-shaped supporting rod 44.
As shown in fig. 3, the crushing device 5 includes a rotating shaft 51, a second spiral cutter 52 and a third driving wheel 53, the rotating shaft 51 penetrates through the rear part of the casing 1, a plurality of second spiral cutters 52 are arranged on the rotating shaft 51 and positioned in the casing 1, cutting cutters 53 are welded on the inner walls of two sides of the casing 1 between adjacent second spiral cutters 52, one end of the rotating shaft 51 positioned outside the casing 1 is fixedly connected with the third driving wheel 54, and the third driving wheel 54 is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of a motor for driving the rotating motor.
In this embodiment, through setting up bilateral symmetry's electrical heating board 32 in the inside of cavity 31, with electrical heating board 32 and reciprocal flexible motor 33 fixed connection, utilize the characteristic of reciprocal flexible motor 33, can drive the electrical heating board 32 of both sides and control the round trip movement, set up two straw discharge channel in the bottom of cavity 31, and install straw exit tube 34 at the end of straw discharge channel, and be provided with solenoid valve 35 on straw exit tube 34, install pressure sensor in the bottom center of cavity 31, pressure sensor and controller electric connection, therefore when the straw volume in cavity 31 cumulated to trigger pressure sensor's the threshold value that sets up, the action of reciprocal flexible motor 33 is controlled to the controller, when the electrical heating board 32 of both sides is moved in opposite directions, except can be with the water partial pressure of moist straw, discharge through the hole of electricity hot plate 32 self-carrying will extrude the quick drying of moisture, thereby avoided because of the straw is moist on the one hand, the incomplete that leads to the straw to smash, make the chi footpath of straw smash is too big, the condition that the emergence of seed later stage is restrained, on the other hand, the straw has been pasted together after the condition that the straw is evenly distributed after the emergence of the straw is scattered in the condition.
In this embodiment, the collecting shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the collecting blade 22, the collecting shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the first driving wheel 24, the collecting shaft 23 is fixedly connected with the first spiral cutter 25, the collecting shaft 23 is fixedly connected with the second driving wheel 26, and the first driving wheel 24 is connected with the second driving wheel 26 through a belt, so that straws in farmlands are stirred onto the platform 28 by the collecting blade 22, and the straws on the platform 28 are collected to the middle part of the collecting shaft 23 by the action of the collecting shaft 23 and the first spiral cutter 25, so that the conveying device 4 is convenient to convey.
In this embodiment, the controller adopts 51 single-chip microcomputer, the reciprocating telescopic motor 33 adopts YMD-608, the electromagnetic valve 35 adopts JL-V0930-001, the pressure sensor 38 adopts MCY082, and the controller is electrically connected with the reciprocating telescopic motor 33 and the rotating motor 43 in addition to the electromagnetic valve 35 and the pressure sensor 38, and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the reciprocating telescopic motor 33 and the rotating motor 43.
The operating principle of the straw crushing and returning mechanism and the returning seeder thereof is as follows:
when the device is used, the power supply of all the charging devices is turned on through the controller, firstly, the collecting blade 22 is controlled to stir straws in farmlands onto the platform 28, the straws on the platform 28 are concentrated onto the middle part of the concentrating shaft 23 by utilizing the reverse rotation action of the concentrating shaft 23 and the first spiral cutters 25 on two sides, the straws in the middle part are accumulated more and more, then the controller controls the rotating motor 43 to rotate, the rotating motor 43 rotates to drive the auger 41 to rotate so as to transport the straws from one end of the conveying pipe 42 to the other end and fall into the cavity 31, when the straw amount in the cavity 31 is accumulated to the set threshold value of the pressure sensor, the controller controls the rotating motor 43 to be turned off, the reciprocating telescopic motor 33 acts, the electric heating plates 32 on two sides are driven to move oppositely by the reciprocating telescopic motor 33, and the water of the wet straws is separated, the straw close to the electric heating plate 32 is quickly dried by utilizing the heat carried by the electric heating plate 32, the volume of the wet straw is reduced after the wet straw is extruded and dried, so that the electric heating plates 32 on two sides can continuously move in opposite directions, when the electric heating plate 32 moves to be level with the straw outlet pipe 34, the straw just falls down from the straw outlet pipe 34, then the controller controls the reciprocating telescopic motor 33 to be closed, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve 35 to be opened, at the moment, the straw clinging to the electric heating plate 32 falls into a straw discharging channel and falls on a slope 36 through the straw outlet pipe 34, the straw enters into the crushing device 5 through the through hole 6, the crushed straw is crushed by utilizing the rotation of the rotating shaft 51 and the second spiral knife 52 and the cutting knife, and the crushed straw is thrown on the ground.
A returning seeder, comprising the straw crushing returning mechanism as described above.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a straw is smashed still field mechanism, its characterized in that, includes the casing, the front portion of casing is provided with the collection device who is used for collecting the straw, the mid-mounting of casing has the drying device who is used for stoving straw, collection device with be provided with the conveyor who is used for conveying straw between the drying device, the reducing mechanism who is used for smashing the straw is installed at the rear portion of casing, drying device includes the cavity, the cavity sets up the inside at the middle part of casing, the inside of cavity is provided with bilateral symmetry's electrical heating board, electrical heating board and reciprocal flexible motor fixed connection, the bottom symmetry of cavity is provided with two straw discharge channel, straw exit tube is installed to the end of straw discharge channel, be provided with the solenoid valve on the straw exit tube, solenoid valve and controller electric connection the pressure sensor is installed at the bottom center of cavity, pressure sensor with controller electric connection for according to the pressure value size, trigger the controller control reciprocal flexible motor action.
2. The straw smashing and returning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the collecting device comprises a collecting shaft, collecting blades and a collecting shaft, the collecting shaft penetrates through the front portion of the machine shell, a plurality of collecting blades are arranged on the collecting shaft and located in the machine shell, one end, located outside the machine shell, of the collecting shaft is fixedly connected with a first driving wheel, the collecting shaft is arranged at the rear portion of the collecting shaft, the collecting shaft penetrates through the front portion of the machine shell, first spiral cutters are arranged at two ends of the collecting shaft and located in the machine shell, one end of the collecting shaft is fixedly connected with a second driving wheel, the first driving wheel is connected with the second driving wheel through a belt, a baffle for preventing straw from flying is arranged at the bottom of the collecting shaft, and a platform for placing straw is arranged at the rear portion of the collecting shaft.
3. The straw smashing and returning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the conveying device comprises a packing auger and a conveying pipe, the packing auger is arranged in the conveying pipe, one end of the packing auger penetrates through the conveying pipe and is fixedly connected with the rotating motor, one end of the conveying pipe extends to the upper portion of the middle of the platform, the other end of the conveying pipe extends to the upper portion of the cavity, and the rotating motor is arranged at the bottom of the L-shaped supporting rod.
4. The straw smashing and returning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the smashing device comprises a rotating shaft, second spiral cutters and a third driving wheel, the rotating shaft penetrates through the rear portion of the machine shell, a plurality of second spiral cutters are arranged on the rotating shaft and located inside the machine shell, cutting cutters are welded on inner walls of two sides of the machine shell between adjacent second spiral cutters, and one end, located outside the machine shell, of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the third driving wheel.
5. The straw crushing and returning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a through hole for passing dried straw is formed between the middle part and the rear part of the casing.
6. The straw shredding and returning mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the spiral directions of the two first spiral knives are opposite.
7. The straw smashing and returning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a slope inclining downwards is arranged below the cavity, and a barrier strip is arranged on the side edge of the slope.
8. A returning seeder characterized by comprising the straw crushing and returning mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN202310293871.6A 2023-03-24 2023-03-24 Straw crushing and returning mechanism and returning seeder thereof Pending CN116235683A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310293871.6A CN116235683A (en) 2023-03-24 2023-03-24 Straw crushing and returning mechanism and returning seeder thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310293871.6A CN116235683A (en) 2023-03-24 2023-03-24 Straw crushing and returning mechanism and returning seeder thereof

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CN116235683A true CN116235683A (en) 2023-06-09

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CN202310293871.6A Pending CN116235683A (en) 2023-03-24 2023-03-24 Straw crushing and returning mechanism and returning seeder thereof

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2287256C2 (en) * 2005-01-19 2006-11-20 Владимир Филиппович Власенко Grain harvesting and drying combine
CN103749964A (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-04-30 东北林业大学 Full-automatic collection, smashing and compact forming combination machine for field waste crop straws
CN105393700A (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-03-16 王川江 Straw crushing granulating machine cooperated with harvester and use method of same
CN205755696U (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-12-07 陈水锦 A kind of stalk crasher with drying function
CN212259851U (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-01-01 四川富亿联信息科技有限公司 A straw reducing mechanism for farming
CN212936814U (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-04-13 陈喜太 Energy-saving and environment-friendly straw pulverizer
WO2022011933A1 (en) * 2020-07-16 2022-01-20 安徽省华腾农业科技有限公司 Agricultural machinery environmentally-friendly and efficient treatment device and method for straw

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2287256C2 (en) * 2005-01-19 2006-11-20 Владимир Филиппович Власенко Grain harvesting and drying combine
CN103749964A (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-04-30 东北林业大学 Full-automatic collection, smashing and compact forming combination machine for field waste crop straws
CN105393700A (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-03-16 王川江 Straw crushing granulating machine cooperated with harvester and use method of same
CN205755696U (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-12-07 陈水锦 A kind of stalk crasher with drying function
CN212259851U (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-01-01 四川富亿联信息科技有限公司 A straw reducing mechanism for farming
CN212936814U (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-04-13 陈喜太 Energy-saving and environment-friendly straw pulverizer
WO2022011933A1 (en) * 2020-07-16 2022-01-20 安徽省华腾农业科技有限公司 Agricultural machinery environmentally-friendly and efficient treatment device and method for straw

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Application publication date: 20230609

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