CN116180483A - 超细玻璃纤维绝热毯配方及工艺 - Google Patents
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯配方及工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116180483A CN116180483A CN202211719856.5A CN202211719856A CN116180483A CN 116180483 A CN116180483 A CN 116180483A CN 202211719856 A CN202211719856 A CN 202211719856A CN 116180483 A CN116180483 A CN 116180483A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- glass fiber
- parts
- portions
- heat insulation
- bacterial cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229920002749 Bacterial cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000005016 bacterial cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MTEZSDOQASFMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)[Si](OC)(OC)OC MTEZSDOQASFMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SRZXCOWFGPICGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-Hexanedithiol Chemical compound SCCCCCCS SRZXCOWFGPICGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 tri (2-carbonyl ethyl) phosphorus hydrochloride-ethanol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Chemical group NC1=NC(Cl)=C(C=O)C(Cl)=N1 GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexanethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCS PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZRSCWSKNSQLFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cl.C(=O)=CCOP(OCC=C=O)(OCC=C=O)=O Chemical compound Cl.C(=O)=CCOP(OCC=C=O)(OCC=C=O)=O ZRSCWSKNSQLFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXDNPSYEJHXKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylsilane Chemical compound S[SiH3] TXDNPSYEJHXKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
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- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F13/00—Making discontinuous sheets of paper, pulpboard or cardboard, or of wet web, for fibreboard production
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- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
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- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
- D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
- D21H13/40—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous vitreous, e.g. mineral wool, glass fibres
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/06—Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
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- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
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- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
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- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/52—Epoxy resins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
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Abstract
本发明涉及绝热毯技术领域,具体为超细玻璃纤维绝热毯配方及工艺。所述超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括超细玻璃纤维原毡和粘合剂;所述超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料:按重量份数计,85~90份玻璃微纤维、7~11份玻璃纤维短切纤维、2.5~3份间位芳纶短切纤维、0.5~1份氨基化细菌纤维素;所述粘合剂包括以下原料:按重量份数计,35~45份聚氨酯环氧树脂、55~65份MY‑720环氧树脂、20~23份增韧固化剂、27~30份间苯二甲胺、10~12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、160~170份稀释剂。方案中制备的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯温度应应用范围为‑268℃~232℃,非常适合应用于深冷液体罐的绝热需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及绝热毯技术领域,具体为超细玻璃纤维绝热毯配方及工艺。
背景技术
超细玻璃纤维材料是一种性能优异的无机非金属材料,具有轻质、耐高温、耐腐蚀等优异特点,被广泛用于建筑、运输、航空航天等技术领域。超细玻璃纤维绝热毯是一种基于超细玻璃纤维材料,联合粘合剂复合制备的绝热材料。现有技术中,大多都是针对高温绝热材料的研究,如专利CN111098563A一种纳米绝热毡及其制备方法、纳米绝热毡复合材料及其制备方法和应用中公开了大于>650℃保温绝热需求的材料;而对于深冷绝热的材料研究较少,因为深冷绝热不仅需要考虑到较低的导热系数,同时需要具有高弹性的缓冲性能,才能保证长期超低温环境下的绝热。同时,由于玻璃纤维本身性脆,耐磨性差,使得弹性和保温性能总是随着温度的降低而恶化,导致具有深冷绝热功能的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯使用寿命极低。
综上,解决上述问题,研究一种具有深冷绝热性的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供超细玻璃纤维绝热毯配方及工艺,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的配方,所述超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括超细玻璃纤维原毡和粘合剂;所述超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料:按重量份数计,85~90份玻璃微纤维、7~11份玻璃纤维短切纤维、2.5~3份间位芳纶短切纤维、0.5~1份氨基化细菌纤维素;所述粘合剂包括聚氨酯环氧树脂和MY-720环氧树脂。
较为优化地,所述氨基化细菌纤维素包括以下原料:按重量份数计,6~8份细菌纤维素、12~16份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油醚、5~7份乙二胺。
较为优化地,所述粘合剂包括以下原料:按重量份数计,35~45份聚氨酯环氧树脂、55~65份MY-720环氧树脂、20~23份增韧固化剂、27~30份间苯二甲胺、10~12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、160~170份稀释剂。
较为优化地,所述增韧固化剂包括以下原料:按重量份数计,20~30份角蛋白纤维、12~15份烯丙基缩水甘油醚、5~7份乙二胺、10~12份1,6-己二硫醇、3~5份2-氨基硫醇、2~3份偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐。
较为优化地,所述硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球包括以下原料:按重量份数计,14~15份介孔二氧化硅微球、7~9份3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3~4份γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
较为优化地,超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:(1)将玻璃微纤维加入至去离子水中,在150~200rpm下搅拌8~10分钟,得到浆液A;将玻璃纤维短切纤维、间位芳纶短切纤维、氨基化细菌纤维素加入至去离子水中,在200~300rpm下搅拌8~10分钟,得到浆液B;将浆液B加入至浆液A中,使用醋酸调节pH=3~5,在500~600rpm下搅拌2~3分钟,得到混合浆液;(2)将混合浆液在纸页成型器中成型、抽湿、干燥,得到超细玻璃纤维原毡;
步骤2:将聚氨酯环氧树脂、MY-720环氧树脂在85~95℃下搅拌均匀,降温,得到组分A;将增韧固化剂、间苯二甲胺、硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球加入至稀释剂中,分散均匀,加入组分A,均质化,得到粘合剂;
步骤3:将粘合剂均匀涂覆在超细玻璃纤维原毡上下面,得到单层玻璃纤维毡;将两个单层玻璃纤维毡叠配,一次固化,辊压、二次固化,得到超细玻璃纤维绝热毯。
较为优化地,步骤1中,抽湿的压强为0.5~0.8MPa;干燥的温度为120~150℃,时间为4~6小时;步骤3中,所述单层玻璃纤维毡中,粘合剂单面施胶量为20~30g/m2;步骤3中,一次固化为:在40℃下固化6~8小时,辊压压力为1~2MPa,时间为5~10秒,二次固化为:在60℃下固化10小时,100℃下固化2小时;超细玻璃纤维绝热毯厚度为25±5mm,克重为360~440g/m2。
较为优化地,氨基化细菌纤维素的制备方法为:将细菌纤维素分散在去离子水中,氮气氛围下,控制温度为35~40℃,加入硝酸铈铵溶液,滴加甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,搅拌反应2~3小时,洗涤干燥;将其置于乙二胺、去离子水混合溶剂中,在70~80℃下搅拌20~24小时,冷冻干燥,得到氨基化细菌纤维素。
较为优化地,增韧固化剂的制备方法为:(1)将乙二胺分散在异丙醇中,滴加烯丙基缩水甘油醚,在40~60℃下反应4~6小时,减压蒸馏,洗涤干燥,得到改性剂;(2)将角蛋白纤维加入至50mmol/L的三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐-乙醇溶液中,浴比为1:20,搅拌3~4小时,洗涤干燥,得到预处理纤维;(2)将预处理纤维分散在甲基乙基酮溶液中,加入改性剂、1,6-己二硫醇、2-氨基硫醇、偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐,紫外灯下,搅拌反应30~40分钟,得到增韧固化剂。
较为优化地,硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球的制备方法为:将介孔二氧化硅微球搅拌分散在95wt%的乙醇溶液中,加入3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷和γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,在60~80℃下回流搅拌8~12小时,过滤洗涤干燥,得到硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球。
本技术方案中的有益效果:
(1)方案中制备的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯温度应应用范围为-268℃~232℃,非常适合应用于深冷液体罐的绝热需求。
(2)为了增强超细玻璃纤维原毡中玻璃纤维的均匀性,提高抗冲击性能和深冷绝热性能;方案中,在浆液中同时引入了间位芳纶短切纤维和氨基化细菌纤维素。
其中,间位芳纶短切纤维具有柔性,掺杂后可以提高刚性玻璃纤维中的冲击韧性;而氨基细菌纤维素与间位芳纶短切纤维中氨基之间的氢键作用力,可以协同提高冲击韧性。且细菌纤维素具有孔隙,绝热性能好,其松散排列在超细玻璃纤维原毡中,利用形成的氢键和共价键,促进了更强的骨架结构的产生。与此同时,两种物质同时引入,由于形状差异和纤维参数差异,可以有效降低玻璃纤维之间的缠结和絮凝,增加玻璃纤维毡的均匀性,从而提高机械性能。以此,两种物质协同提高了抗冲击性能和深冷绝热性。
(3)为了进一步增强超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的在低温条件下的应用,提高在深冷环境中的应用寿命,方案中对粘合剂进行优化。
一是,使用聚氨酯环氧树脂、MY-720环氧树脂两种复合型树脂作为主体粘合剂。其中,MY-720环氧树脂中含有较多芳环,低温下脆性较大,因此为了提高超细玻璃纤维隔热毯的低温性能,方案中引入聚氨酯环氧树脂,其具有柔性链段,可以起到增韧作用。可以降低应力集中,抑制脆性裂纹。另一方面,MY-720环氧树脂其本身的热收缩率低于普通双酚A环氧树脂。
二是,为了进一步提高深冷隔热性能,方案中,将角蛋白纤维进行改性接枝制备分到增韧固化剂。其是通过烯丙基缩水甘油醚与乙二胺的开环反应,得到含有烯丙基和氨基的改性剂。将角蛋白纤维在三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐的活化下,表面产生巯基,为预处理纤维;利用巯基-烯点击反应,表面接枝改性剂,得到增韧固化剂。其中,改性剂中具有醚链,可以增加韧性,降低低温脆性。且角蛋白纤维中含有的多肽链中含有二硫键,使其存在天然柔性,不受温度影响,因此在低温环境下保持了优异的韧性,促进了抗低温冲击性能。另外,角蛋白纤维具有优异的隔热性能,隔热系数很低,极大促进了低温隔热性。方案中,将其使用改性剂,利用相似链段和反应相容性,有效提高了角蛋白纤维的分散性。
三是方案中,还引入了硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球,进一步增强隔热性,其通过3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷和γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷两种硅烷偶联剂改性,存在环氧基团和氨基,有效提高在环氧树脂中的相容性,协同增韧固化剂提高了低温隔热性和低温冲击性能。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
以下实施例中,份数为质量份,细菌纤维素购自桂林奇宏科技有限公司,买回来后冻干研磨后过4目筛,得到细菌纤维素。介孔二氧化硅微球的粒径50~300nm,购自西安瑞禧生物科技有限公司。玻璃微纤维直径为0.4~1微米,长度为1~2微米;玻璃纤维短切纤维直径为3~5微米,长度为2~4微米;均购自盐城盐兴玻纤制品有限公司;间位芳纶短切纤维直径为10~12微米,长度为3~6mm,购自浙江轩泰新材料有限公司。E-42聚氨酯环氧树脂、MY-720环氧树脂均购自南通新纳希新材料有限公司。
角蛋白纤维的制备方法:将9g羊毛角蛋白溶于500g0.5wt%的氢氧化钠中,65℃搅拌均匀,加入1g海藻酸钠,分散均匀,得到纺丝液,纺丝,得到角蛋白纤维,裁剪,得到长度为1~2mm的角蛋白纤维。具体工艺,参照《海藻酸钠/羊毛角蛋白纤维的氢键作用及其结构与性能》中的方法。
实施例1:
步骤1:(1)将8份细菌纤维素分散在50份去离子水中,氮气氛围下,控制温度为40℃,加入硝酸铈铵溶液(5份硝酸铈铵、5份去离子水),滴加15份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,搅拌反应2小时,洗涤干燥;将其置于6份乙二胺、5份去离子水中,在80℃下搅拌20小时,冷冻干燥,得到氨基化细菌纤维素;
(2)将玻璃微纤维加入至去离子水中,在200rpm下搅拌8分钟,得到浆液A;将玻璃纤维短切纤维、间位芳纶短切纤维、氨基化细菌纤维素加入至去离子水中,在300rpm下搅拌10分钟,得到浆液B;将浆液B加入至浆液A中,使用醋酸调节pH=4.5,在500rpm下搅拌3分钟,得到混合浆液;(2)将混合浆液在纸页成型器中成型、在压强为0.8MPa抽湿至含水量80wt%、在150℃下干燥5小时,得到超细玻璃纤维原毡;
步骤2:(1)将6份乙二胺分散在50份异丙醇中,滴加14份烯丙基缩水甘油醚,在50℃下反应5小时,减压蒸馏,洗涤干燥,得到改性剂;将25份角蛋白纤维加入至50mmol/L的三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐-乙醇溶液中,浴比为1:20,搅拌4小时,洗涤干燥,得到预处理纤维;将预处理纤维分散在甲基乙基酮溶液中,加入改性剂、11份1,6-己二硫醇、5份2-氨基硫醇、3份偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐,365nm紫外灯下,搅拌反应30分钟,得到增韧固化剂。
(2)将15份介孔二氧化硅微球搅拌分散在95wt%的乙醇溶液中,加入9份3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷和3份γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,在70℃下回流搅拌10小时,过滤洗涤干燥,得到硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球。
(3)将E-42聚氨酯环氧树脂、MY-720环氧树脂在8595℃下搅拌均匀,降温,得到组分A;将增韧固化剂、间苯二甲胺、硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球加入至乙醇中,分散均匀,加入组分A,均质化,得到粘合剂;
步骤3:将粘合剂均匀涂覆在超细玻璃纤维原毡上下面,得到单层玻璃纤维毡,粘合剂单面施胶量为25g/m2;将两个单层玻璃纤维毡叠配,在40℃下一次固化8小时,辊压:压力为2MPa,时间为5秒,在60℃下固化10小时,100℃下固化2小时,得到超细玻璃纤维绝热毯。
本技术方案中,超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料,按重量份数计,88份玻璃微纤维、9份玻璃纤维短切纤维、2.5份间位芳纶短切纤维、0.5份氨基化细菌纤维素。
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括以下原料,按重量份数计,按重量份数计,40份聚氨酯环氧树脂、60份MY-720环氧树脂、22份增韧固化剂、28份间苯二甲胺、12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、170份乙醇。
实施例2:基本与实施例1相同,不同如下:
本技术方案中,超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料,按重量份数计,85份玻璃微纤维、11份玻璃纤维短切纤维、3份间位芳纶短切纤维、1份氨基化细菌纤维素。
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括以下原料,按重量份数计,按重量份数计,35份聚氨酯环氧树脂、65份MY-720环氧树脂、20份增韧固化剂、30份间苯二甲胺、12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、170份乙醇。
实施例3:基本与实施例1相同,不同如下:
本技术方案中,超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料,按重量份数计,90份玻璃微纤维、7份玻璃纤维短切纤维、2.5份间位芳纶短切纤维、0.5份氨基化细菌纤维素。
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括以下原料,按重量份数计,按重量份数计,45份聚氨酯环氧树脂、55份MY-720环氧树脂、23份增韧固化剂、27份间苯二甲胺、10份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、160份乙醇。
对比例1:将间位芳纶短切纤维替换为玻璃纤维短切纤维,其余与实施1相同;
本技术方案中,超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料,按重量份数计,88份玻璃微纤维、11.5份玻璃纤维短切纤维、0.5份氨基化细菌纤维素。
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括以下原料,按重量份数计,按重量份数计,40份聚氨酯环氧树脂、60份MY-720环氧树脂、22份增韧固化剂、28份间苯二甲胺、12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、170份乙醇。
对比例2:不引入氨基化细菌纤维素,其余与实施例1相同;
本技术方案中,超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料,按重量份数计,88份玻璃微纤维、9份玻璃纤维短切纤维、3份间位芳纶短切纤维。
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括以下原料,按重量份数计,按重量份数计,40份聚氨酯环氧树脂、60份MY-720环氧树脂、22份增韧固化剂、28份间苯二甲胺、12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、170份乙醇。
对比例3:不对角蛋白纤维进行改性,其余与实施例1相同;
本技术方案中,超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料,按重量份数计,88份玻璃微纤维、9份玻璃纤维短切纤维、2.5份间位芳纶短切纤维、0.5份氨基化细菌纤维素。
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括以下原料,按重量份数计,按重量份数计,40份聚氨酯环氧树脂、60份MY-720环氧树脂、15份角蛋白、35份间苯二甲胺、12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、170份乙醇。
对比例4:使用单一MY-720环氧树脂,其余与实施例1相同。
本技术方案中,超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料,按重量份数计,88份玻璃微纤维、9份玻璃纤维短切纤维、2.5份间位芳纶短切纤维、0.5份氨基化细菌纤维素。
超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括以下原料,按重量份数计,按重量份数计,100份MY-720环氧树脂、22份增韧固化剂、28份间苯二甲胺、12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、170份乙醇。
对比例5:角蛋白纤维更换为玻璃微纤维,且使用与玻璃微纤维等质量的巯基硅烷偶联剂改性,再进行接枝改性,其余与实施例1相同。
实验:将实施例和对比例中制备的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯,取50mm×50mm×1m厚度的材料,采用热分析仪,有瞬态平面热源法,测定在95K(-178.15℃)下的导热系数。同时,采用悬臂梁摆锤冲击试验机检测冲击强度,并将其置于95~300k之间,冷冻-解冻15次,再次检测抗冲击强度,并计算下降率,所得数据如下所示:
样品 | 导热系数K(W/m·k) | 冲击强度kJ/m-2 | 下降率% |
实施例1 | 0.0033 | 34.8 | 9.03 |
实施例2 | 0.0035 | 34.4 | 9.32 |
实施例3 | 0.0036 | 34.5 | 9.37 |
对比例1 | 0.0031 | 30.8 | 11.44 |
对比例2 | 0.0035 | 32.7 | 10.75 |
对比例3 | 0.0041 | 27.5 | 19.2 |
对比例4 | 0.0037 | 28.0 | 23.4 |
对比例5 | 0.0036 | 26.4 | 26.3 |
结论:上表中的数据表明:本方案中制备得到了一种具有深冷隔热功能的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯,且具有优异隔热性、力学性能和循环使用性能。对比例1和2中,由于单一引入氨基化细菌纤维素、间位芳纶短切纤维使得性能下降;对比例3中,由于未对角蛋白纤维改性,使得性能下降,对比例4中,单一引入MY-720环氧树脂,使得力学性能和深冷冲击性能下降;对比例5中,由于将角蛋白纤维更换为玻璃微纤维,使得深冷耐冲击性能下降。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的配方,其特征在于:所述超细玻璃纤维绝热毯包括超细玻璃纤维原毡和粘合剂;所述超细玻璃纤维原毡包括以下原料:按重量份数计,85~90份玻璃微纤维、7~11份玻璃纤维短切纤维、2.5~3份间位芳纶短切纤维、0.5~1份氨基化细菌纤维素;所述粘合剂包括聚氨酯环氧树脂和MY-720环氧树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的配方,其特征在于:所述氨基化细菌纤维素包括以下原料:按重量份数计,6~8份细菌纤维素、12~16份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油醚、5~7份乙二胺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的配方,其特征在于:所述粘合剂包括以下原料:按重量份数计,35~45份聚氨酯环氧树脂、55~65份MY-720环氧树脂、20~23份增韧固化剂、27~30份间苯二甲胺、10~12份硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球、160~170份稀释剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的配方,其特征在于:所述增韧固化剂包括以下原料:按重量份数计,20~30份角蛋白纤维、12~15份烯丙基缩水甘油醚、5~7份乙二胺、10~12份1,6-己二硫醇、3~5份2-氨基硫醇、2~3份偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐。
5.根据权利要求3所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的配方,其特征在于:所述硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球包括以下原料:按重量份数计,14~15份介孔二氧化硅微球、7~9份3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3~4份γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
6.超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤1:(1)将玻璃微纤维加入至去离子水中,在150~200rpm下搅拌8~10分钟,得到浆液A;将玻璃纤维短切纤维、间位芳纶短切纤维、氨基化细菌纤维素加入至去离子水中,在200~300rpm下搅拌8~10分钟,得到浆液B;将浆液B加入至浆液A中,使用醋酸调节pH=3~5,在500~600rpm下搅拌2~3分钟,得到混合浆液;(2)将混合浆液在纸页成型器中成型、抽湿、干燥,得到超细玻璃纤维原毡;
步骤2:将聚氨酯环氧树脂、MY-720环氧树脂在85~95℃下搅拌均匀,降温,得到组分A;将增韧固化剂、间苯二甲胺、硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球加入至稀释剂中,分散均匀,加入组分A,均质化,得到粘合剂;
步骤3:将粘合剂均匀涂覆在超细玻璃纤维原毡上下面,得到单层玻璃纤维毡;将两个单层玻璃纤维毡叠配,一次固化,辊压、二次固化,得到超细玻璃纤维绝热毯。
7.根据权利要求6所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的工艺,其特征在于:步骤1中,抽湿的压强为0.5~0.8MPa;干燥的温度为120~150℃,时间为4~6小时;步骤3中,所述单层玻璃纤维毡中,粘合剂单面施胶量为20~30g/m2;步骤3中,一次固化为:在40℃下固化6~8小时,辊压压力为1~2MPa,时间为5~10秒,二次固化为:在60℃下固化10小时,100℃下固化2小时;超细玻璃纤维绝热毯厚度为25±5mm,克重为360~440g/m2。
8.根据权利要求6所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的工艺,其特征在于:氨基化细菌纤维素的制备方法为:将细菌纤维素分散在去离子水中,氮气氛围下,控制温度为35~40℃,加入硝酸铈铵溶液,滴加甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,搅拌反应2~3小时,洗涤干燥;将其置于乙二胺、去离子水混合溶剂中,在70~80℃下搅拌20~24小时,冷冻干燥,得到氨基化细菌纤维素。
9.根据权利要求6所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的工艺,其特征在于:增韧固化剂的制备方法为:(1)将乙二胺分散在异丙醇中,滴加烯丙基缩水甘油醚,在40~60℃下反应4~6小时,减压蒸馏,洗涤干燥,得到改性剂;(2)将角蛋白纤维加入至50mmol/L的三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐-乙醇溶液中,浴比为1:20,搅拌3~4小时,洗涤干燥,得到预处理纤维;(2)将预处理纤维分散在甲基乙基酮溶液中,加入改性剂、1,6-己二硫醇、2-氨基硫醇、偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐,紫外灯下,搅拌反应30~40分钟,得到增韧固化剂。
10.根据权利要求6所述的超细玻璃纤维绝热毯的工艺,其特征在于:硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球的制备方法为:将介孔二氧化硅微球搅拌分散在95wt%的乙醇溶液中,加入3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷和γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,在60~80℃下回流搅拌8~12小时,过滤洗涤干燥,得到硅氧烷改性介孔二氧化硅微球。
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