CN116138271A - Bactericidal composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof - Google Patents
Bactericidal composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116138271A CN116138271A CN202211371592.9A CN202211371592A CN116138271A CN 116138271 A CN116138271 A CN 116138271A CN 202211371592 A CN202211371592 A CN 202211371592A CN 116138271 A CN116138271 A CN 116138271A
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 27
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
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- QXJKBPAVAHBARF-BETUJISGSA-N procymidone Chemical compound O=C([C@]1(C)C[C@@]1(C1=O)C)N1C1=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1 QXJKBPAVAHBARF-BETUJISGSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- WYEMLYFITZORAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N boscalid Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1Cl WYEMLYFITZORAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940118790 boscalid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020197 coconut milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/14—Insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide bactericides, and particularly relates to a sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof. The effective active components in the composition consist of beeswax and pyrimethanil, wherein the weight fraction ratio of the beeswax to the pyrimethanil is 1-12:0.1-0.3. The bactericidal composition is used for preventing and controlling gray mold of Chinese chives. The invention has obvious synergistic effect by compounding beeswax and pyrimethanil, can delay the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, reduce the dosage of pyrimethanil, effectively prevent and control the gray mold of Chinese chives, reduce the residual quantity of pyrimethanil pesticide and reduce the medication cost of farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide bactericides, and particularly relates to a sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof.
Background
The gray mold (Chinese chives gray mold) of the Chinese chives is a common fungal disease which is difficult to control in the production of the Chinese chives in the open field and the protected field in the northern area, the disease is generated under the conditions of low temperature and high humidity, the yield can be reduced by more than 30%, the commodity of the Chinese chives is reduced, and the leaf rot and even the leaf failure are caused when serious. The whole package of leeks can become a beach of mush after picking and during storage and transportation, which results in the absolute production of the whole shed. With the expansion of the cultivation area of the winter and spring protected land of the Chinese chives, the environment with low temperature, high humidity and no ventilation is favorable for the infection and harm of gray mold, so that the gray mold becomes a main disease in the production of the Chinese chives.
The agricultural control and ecological regulation measures such as disease-resistant variety, strong seedling cultivation, reasonable water and fertilizer, temperature and humidity control, timely cleaning of disease residues, cleaning of greenhouse films and the like can play a role in better preventing gray mold, but the disease is difficult to control fundamentally. The medicament control is the most effective and convenient method for controlling the damage of gray mold, at present, only the gray mold of the diseases on Chinese chives has registration medicaments, and 16 products are single agents, and comprise two effective components of procymidone and pyrimethanil. Pythium is recommended to be used for a safety interval of 30d per mu, and the maximum use time is 1-2 times per season. However, the single-crop growth period of the Chinese chives is usually about 30d, and even the fastest single-crop period is about 23 d. The use of procymidone according to the existing standard for preventing and controlling the gray mold of the leeks has extremely high risk of exceeding the standard of pesticide residues. The use safety interval of the pyrimethanil used alone is short, but the use effect is not ideal, and under the condition that the dependence of the existing leek gray mold on pyrimethanil bactericides is strong, if a single pyrimethanil component medicament is used for a long time, the drug resistance of gray mold can be increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof, which have obvious synergistic effect by compounding beeswax and pyrimethanil, can delay the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, reduce the dosage of pyrimethanil, effectively prevent and control the gray mold of Chinese chives, reduce the residual quantity of pyrimethanil pesticide and reduce the medication cost of farmers.
The invention provides a sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold, wherein the effective active ingredients in the sterilizing composition consist of beeswax and pyrimethanil, and the weight ratio of the beeswax to the pyrimethanil is 1-12:0.1-0.3.
Preferably, the sum of the weights of the beeswax and the pyrimethanil is 0.105-0.615% of the total weight of the sterilizing composition.
Preferably, the sterilization composition further comprises a pesticide auxiliary agent and a solvent, wherein the pesticide auxiliary agent is a compound emulsifier, the solvent is water, and the weight ratio of the beeswax to the compound emulsifier is 2:1.
Preferably, the bactericidal composition is a suspending agent, and the suspending agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.1 to 0.6 percent of beeswax, 0.05 to 0.3 percent of compound emulsifier, 0.005 to 0.015 percent of pyrimethanil and the balance of water.
Preferably, the compound emulsifier is formed by mixing span 80 and polysorbate-80, and the weight ratio of span 80 to polysorbate 80 is 1:1-1.5.
Preferably, the weight fraction ratio of the beeswax to the pyrimethanil is 2-8:0.1-0.3.
A second object of the present invention is to provide the use of the above-mentioned gray mold controlling fungicidal composition for controlling plant diseases, which are gray mold of leeks.
Preferably, the sterilization composition is sprayed at the temperature of 2-30 ℃ and the air humidity of more than 80% in spring and autumn gray mold outbreak seasons, specifically, the 1 st spraying is carried out when the leek leaves grow to 8-10 cm, and the 2 nd spraying is carried out after 10 d.
Preferably, the application amount of the bactericidal composition is 50-60 kg/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The beeswax and the pyrimethanil are compounded to obtain the bactericidal composition, the bactericidal composition has obvious synergistic effect, the use amount of the pyrimethanil can be obviously reduced by mixing the beeswax and the pyrimethanil, and the synergistic effect is obvious.
(2) The bactericidal composition adopted by the invention can improve the effect of adhering to leaf surfaces, and the bactericidal composition is adhered to the surfaces of the leek leaves to form a medicinal film layer, so that the infection of pathogenic bacteria is prevented, the pathogenic bacteria are killed, and the control effect of the bactericide is improved.
(3) The beeswax adopted by the invention is a natural substance which can be directly eaten, span 80 and tween 80 in the compound emulsifier are food additives commonly used in food processing, the maximum use amount of the span 80 and the tween 80 in vegetable protein drinks (soymilk, coconut milk, almond milk, peanut milk and the like) is respectively 0.6 percent and 0.2 percent according to the specification of food additive use standard (GB 2760-2014), the use amount of span 80 and tween 80 in the medicament is far lower than the national specification, the use amount of pyrimethanil can be obviously reduced, the prevention effect on the gray mold of leeks is better than that of the gray mold of the leeks when the medicament is singly used, the medicament resistance of pathogenic bacteria can be delayed, the gray mold of the leeks can be effectively prevented and controlled, and the residual amount of pyrimethanil pesticide is reduced.
(4) The bactericidal composition provided by the invention can obviously improve the tolerance of crops, so that the safety of the medicament to the crops is higher, the dosage and the residual quantity of pyrimethanil pesticide are reduced, the pesticide cost of farmers is reduced, the economic cost is low, and the preparation method is simple to operate and easy to realize.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the data in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, the technical terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and unless otherwise specified, the raw materials in the following examples are all conventional raw materials, and the experimental methods are all conventional methods, and the beeswax is purchased from the company of the national institute of medicine, the company of the national institute of pharmacy, and the pyrimethanil is purchased from the bayer company of germany, and the effective content is 40%.
Example 1
The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold is a suspending agent, and the suspending agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.2% of beeswax, 0.1% of compound emulsifier, 0.01% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water.
The compound emulsifier is formed by mixing span 80 and polysorbate-80, and the weight ratio of span 80 to polysorbate 80 is 1:1.5.
The preparation method of the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 0.2% of beeswax, 0.1% of compound emulsifier, 0.03% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water according to the weight percentage for standby;
wherein the compound emulsifier is formed by directly mixing span 80 and tween 80, the weight ratio of span 80 to tween 80 is 1:1.5, and the temperature of water is 70 ℃;
s2, adding the beeswax weighed in the S1 into the compound emulsifier weighed in the S1, heating and melting at 70 ℃, simultaneously magnetically stirring to form a stable clear oil phase, filtering out solid waxy substances insoluble in the liquid and emulsifying agent, sequentially adding the pyrimethanil and water weighed in the S1, and uniformly stirring to form a stable suspension, thus obtaining the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold.
Example 2
The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold is a suspending agent, and the suspending agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.4% of beeswax, 0.2% of compound emulsifier, 0.015% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water.
The compound emulsifier is formed by mixing span 80 and polysorbate-80, and the weight ratio of span 80 to polysorbate 80 is 1:1.
The preparation method of the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 0.4% of beeswax, 0.2% of compound emulsifier, 0.015% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water according to the weight percentage for standby;
wherein the compound emulsifier is formed by directly mixing span 80 and tween 80, the weight ratio of span 80 to tween 80 is 1:1, and the temperature of water is 70 ℃;
s2, adding the beeswax weighed in the S1 into the compound emulsifier weighed in the S1, heating and melting at 70 ℃, simultaneously magnetically stirring to form a stable clear oil phase, filtering out solid waxy substances insoluble in the liquid and emulsifying agent, sequentially adding the pyrimethanil and water weighed in the S1, and uniformly stirring to form a stable suspension, thus obtaining the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold.
Example 3
The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold is a suspending agent, and the suspending agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.6% of beeswax, 0.3% of compound emulsifier, 0.02% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water.
The compound emulsifier is formed by mixing span 80 and polysorbate-80, and the weight ratio of span 80 to polysorbate 80 is 1:1.5.
The preparation method of the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 0.6% of beeswax, 0.3% of compound emulsifier, 0.02% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water according to the weight percentage for standby;
wherein the compound emulsifier is formed by directly mixing span 80 and tween 80, the weight ratio of span 80 to tween 80 is 1:1.5, and the temperature of water is 70 ℃;
s2, adding the beeswax weighed in the S1 into the compound emulsifier weighed in the S1, heating and melting at 70 ℃, simultaneously magnetically stirring to form a stable clear oil phase, filtering out solid waxy substances insoluble in the liquid and emulsifying agent, sequentially adding the pyrimethanil and water weighed in the S1, and uniformly stirring to form a stable suspension, thus obtaining the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold.
Example 4
The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold is a suspending agent, and the suspending agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.8% of beeswax, 0.4% of compound emulsifier, 0.03% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water.
The compound emulsifier is formed by mixing span 80 and polysorbate-80, and the weight ratio of span 80 to polysorbate 80 is 1:1.2.
The preparation method of the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 0.8% of beeswax, 0.4% of compound emulsifier, 0.03% of pyrimethanil and the balance of water according to the weight percentage for standby;
wherein the compound emulsifier is formed by directly mixing span 80 and tween 80, the weight ratio of span 80 to tween 80 is 1:1.2, and the temperature of water is 70 ℃;
s2, adding the beeswax weighed in the S1 into the compound emulsifier weighed in the S1, heating and melting at 70 ℃, simultaneously magnetically stirring to form a stable clear oil phase, filtering out solid waxy substances insoluble in the liquid and emulsifying agent, sequentially adding the pyrimethanil and water weighed in the S1, and uniformly stirring to form a stable suspension, thus obtaining the sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold.
Comparative example 1
A bactericide, pyrimethanil and pyrimethanil 0.02%, and water in balance.
The bactericidal composition prepared in example 1 and the bactericidal agent of comparative example 1 were used as examples to study the effect of preventing gray mold of leeks
1. Field test
1. Test condition setting
A test for preventing gray mold is carried out by selecting a land block not infected with gray mold of Chinese chives, respectively arranging three parallel groups of the bactericidal composition prepared in example 1, the bactericide of comparative example 1 and clear water as a Control (CK), arranging 3 cells in each group, arranging each cell completely randomly, and arranging 25m in total of 2.5m width and 10m length in each cell 2 Harvesting and stumping for 2 months and 15 days, applying pesticide and preventing and treating by adopting a foliar spraying method, adopting the foliar spraying method when the temperature is 2-32 ℃ (the day-night temperature difference is large) and the air humidity is more than 80%, adopting a CD-16 type backpack electric sprayer, spraying with the diameter of a spray hole of 0.7mm, wherein the application amount of the bactericidal composition prepared in the example 1, the bactericide of the comparative example 1 and CK is 60 kg/mu, the 1 st pesticide spraying is carried out on the leaf growth of about 10cm in 3 months and 9 days, the 2 nd pesticide spraying is carried out in 3 months and 18 days, the front and back sides of the leaf are required to be sprayed until the leaf liquid is about to drop, and the gray mold is induced by buckling the shed in 3 months and 20 days.
After spraying, other agents with control effect on the gray mold of the Chinese chives are not applied, and other field management measures are consistent with the conventional management. And (5) after 10d and 20d, investigation of the disease condition, and calculation of disease index and prevention and treatment effects.
2. Leek gray mold investigation grading reference standard (taking whole plant or plant cluster investigation as object)
Level 0: the plants are strong, the leaves grow normally, and no disease spots are seen;
stage 1: the number of the infected leaves of the whole plant is less than 1/10, and the total area of the disease spots is less than 5%;
3 stages: the total disease spots of the whole plant are less, the number of infected leaves is less than or equal to 1/10 and less than or equal to 1/5, and the total disease spot area is less than or equal to 5% and less than 20%;
5 stages: the leaf spots are more, the number of infected leaves is less than or equal to 1/5 and less than or equal to 1/2, and the total area of the leaf spots is less than or equal to 20% and less than 50%;
7 stages: the number of leaf lesions is more, the number of infected leaves is less than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 4/5, and the total area of the leaf lesions is less than or equal to 50% and less than 80%;
stage 9: the disease is very serious, the disease spots are more, almost all the leaves are mildewed, the number of infected leaves is not more than 4/5 and not more than 80 percent of the total area of the disease spots.
Note that: each resource survey was run in 3 replicates with a minimum of 5 strains (clumps) per replicate.
After 10d and 20d, the disease states were investigated, and the disease index and induction effect were calculated.
Disease index = Σ (number of plants x represents base value)/total number of plants x highest represents grade value.
The induction effect calculation formula is:
induction effect= (control disease index-treatment disease index)/control disease index x100%.
3. Investigation result of field prevention and control of gray mold of Chinese chives
Table 1 10d investigation results of prevention and control of gray mold of Chinese chives
And (5) performing experimental analysis on the control effect of the gray mold of the Chinese chives. Statistical analysis was performed on the test data using the LSD method. As can be seen from Table 1, after the shed 10d is covered, the bactericidal composition of example 1 and the pyrimethanil of comparative example 1 can have different degrees of control effects on the gray mold of the Chinese chives after the leaves of the Chinese chives are treated, and compared with comparative example 1, the bactericidal composition of example 1 has remarkable synergistic effect, the control effect reaches 76.9%, has remarkable synergistic effect, and the use amount of pyrimethanil can be obviously reduced by mixing the bactericidal composition and the bactericidal composition, so that the control effect of the bactericide is improved.
Table 220 d investigation results of prevention and control of gray mold of leek
As can be seen from table 2, after 20d, the control effect of pyrimethanil according to comparative example 1 is poor, the control effect is only 55.3%, while the control effect of the bactericidal composition according to example 1 is still remarkable, and the control effect is more than 77%, so that the bactericidal composition can improve the effect of adhering to leaf surfaces, enable the bactericidal composition to adhere to the surfaces of leek leaves to form a medicinal film layer, delay the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, and effectively prevent and control the occurrence of leek gray mold.
2. Indoor inoculation test
The test variety is Pinggu No. 2. The seeds are sowed on the open field at the time of 2021, 6 and 1, the sowing quantity is 0.002 kg.m -2 And (5) conventional management. Cutting root of the cultivated Chinese chives (3 cm in the last 12 months of the year), transplanting the cultivated Chinese chives into a tile basin with the length of 60cm and the width of 40cm, and 4 rows of the cultivated Chinese chives are cultivated in each pot, 10 clusters of the cultivated Chinese chives are cultivated in each row, and 6 plants are cultivated in each cluster. After the seedlings are slowly transplanted into a climatic chamber, the chemical 10d with the concentration is sprayed for 1 time; the sterilization composition prepared in example 1, the sterilization agent of comparative example 1 and clear water were sprayed continuously 2 times, three treatment groups were respectively set as a Control (CK), and 3 treatment groups of pots were each treated with sterile water as a control, and repeated 3 times.
The botrytis cinerea collected in the field is inoculated on a PSA culture medium after separation and purification, and is used for inoculation after being cultured for one week at the constant temperature of 20 ℃. Fresh healthy leaves planted in the tile basin are washed 3 times with sterile water, and mechanical wounds are made at the inoculation positions in the middle of the leaves by a needling method. A bacterial cake of Botrytis cinerea with the diameter of 5mm is obtained on a PSA culture medium by a sterilization puncher and is covered on the acupuncture wound part. Placing the inoculated Chinese chives crock into a constant temperature incubator with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 95% for culturing, counting the number of infected Chinese chives leaves after 5d and 10d of inoculation, and investigating the disease grade, thereby calculating the disease index and the prevention and treatment effect.
Table 3 5d investigation results of prevention and control of gray mold of leek
As can be seen from Table 3, after the bactericidal composition of example 1 and the pyrimethanil of comparative example 1 are adopted to treat leeks, the disease index is reduced to a certain extent compared with the control, the bactericidal composition of example 1 and the pyrimethanil of comparative example 1 have remarkable control effects, and compared with comparative example 1, the bactericidal composition of example 1 has remarkable synergistic effects, the control effects reach 47.1% and have remarkable synergistic effects, and the use amount of pyrimethanil can be obviously reduced by mixing the bactericidal composition of example 1 and the pyrimethanil, so that the control effects of the bactericide are improved.
Table 4 10d investigation results of prevention and control of gray mold of Chinese chives
As can be seen from Table 4, after the bactericidal composition of example 1 and the pyrimethanil of comparative example 1 are adopted to treat leeks, the control effect of the pyrimethanil of comparative example 1 is poor after 10d, the control effect is 36.4%, the control effect of the bactericidal composition of example 1 is still obvious, the control effect reaches 53.8%, and therefore, the bactericidal composition can improve the effect of adhering to leaves, and the bactericidal composition is adhered to the surfaces of the leeks to form a medicinal film layer, so that the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria can be delayed, and the occurrence of gray mold of leeks can be effectively prevented and controlled.
3. Field experiments
And 2022, 3 months and 1 day, selecting a field 3 mu test beeswax control effect on a Li Zhuang test base of the agricultural academy of flat top mountain city. 1 mu of the bactericidal composition of the embodiment 1 of the invention is sprayed, 1 mu of pyrimethanil bactericide is sprayed, and finally 1 mu of clear water is sprayed as a control. Spraying for 12 days 3 months and 22 days 3 months respectively, and applying beeswax with concentration. Harvesting for 3 months and 27 days, wherein the yield per mu of the beewax and 1\2 pyrimethanil compound medicament is 2600kg, the yield per mu of the pyrimethanil is 2200kg, and the yield per mu of the clear water is 1000kg due to serious gray mold infection. According to 1 yuan/kg of Chinese chives, the yield is increased by 400 yuan compared with the pure pyrimethanil group, and the average yield is increased by 1600 yuan compared with the clear water control group.
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a sterilizing composition, wherein the beeswax content in the sterilizing composition is calculated according to the concentration of 0.2%, and the application amount of the sterilizing composition is 60kg per mu, so that 0.08kg of beeswax is needed per mu of land, 0.06kg of emulsifying agent is needed, and 30 ml of pyrimethanil is 40% of pyrimethanil used in Bayer process Germany; the beeswax of the market price is 50 yuan/kg, the emulsifier is 70 yuan/kg, the boscalid price is 10 yuan/30 ml, and 18.2 yuan is needed for each mu of land. The common gray mold prevention and treatment method uses 90 ml of 40% pyrimethanil of the Bayer process, and the price is 30 yuan. The cost of the bactericidal composition of the embodiment 1 of the invention is reduced by 11.8 yuan per mu compared with that of the beeswax preparation. The cost of pesticide application of farmers is reduced, the economic cost is low, and the preparation method is simple to operate and easy to realize.
4. Safety of
The effect on the safety of leek growth and other non-target organisms was observed according to a field test system. According to the observation of a field test system, the agent of the embodiment 1 of the invention is adopted to prevent the gray mold of the Chinese chives, so that the Chinese chives in each treatment area grow normally, have no obvious adverse effect, have good safety on the growth of the Chinese chives, and have no obvious effect on other non-target organisms.
It should be noted that, when numerical ranges are referred to in the present invention, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints are optional, and because the adopted step method is the same as the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold is characterized in that the effective active components in the sterilizing composition consist of beeswax and pyrimethanil, and the weight ratio of the beeswax to the pyrimethanil is 1-12:0.1-0.3.
2. The gray mold controlling sterilizing composition according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the weights of beeswax and pyrimethanil is 0.105-0.615% of the total weight of the sterilizing composition.
3. The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold according to claim 1, further comprising a pesticide auxiliary and a solvent, wherein the pesticide auxiliary is a compound emulsifier, the solvent is water, and the weight ratio of the beeswax to the compound emulsifier is 2:1.
4. The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold according to claim 1, wherein the sterilizing composition is a suspending agent, and the suspending agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.1 to 0.6 percent of beeswax, 0.05 to 0.3 percent of compound emulsifier, 0.005 to 0.015 percent of pyrimethanil and the balance of water.
5. The sterilizing composition for preventing and controlling gray mold according to claim 4, wherein the compound emulsifier is formed by mixing span 80 and polysorbate-80, and the weight ratio of span 80 to polysorbate 80 is 1:1-1.5.
6. The gray mold controlling bactericidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of beeswax to pyrimethanil is 2-8:0.1-0.3.
7. Use of the gray mold controlling bactericidal composition of claim 1 for controlling plant diseases, wherein the plant diseases are gray mold of leeks.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the bactericidal composition is sprayed at a temperature of 2-30 ℃ and an air humidity of more than 80% in spring and autumn gray mold outbreak seasons, specifically, the 1 st spraying is performed when the leek leaves grow to 8-10 cm, and the 2 nd spraying is performed after 10 d.
9. The use according to claim 7, wherein the amount of the bactericidal composition applied is 50-60 kg/mu.
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| WO2005014777A2 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2005-02-17 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Methods and compositions for increasing the efficacy of biologically-active ingredients |
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| CN110150322A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-23 | 平顶山市农业科学院 | A kind of environmentally protective medicament, preparation method and its application method of prevention and control gray mold |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2005014777A2 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2005-02-17 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Methods and compositions for increasing the efficacy of biologically-active ingredients |
| CN101485311A (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2009-07-22 | 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 | Aqueous solution of pyrimethanil |
| CN104719296A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏耘农化工有限公司 | Kresoxim-methyl and pyrimethanil compound fungicide composite fumigant and application of fumigant |
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