CN110150322A - A kind of environmentally protective medicament, preparation method and its application method of prevention and control gray mold - Google Patents
A kind of environmentally protective medicament, preparation method and its application method of prevention and control gray mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN110150322A CN110150322A CN201910548018.8A CN201910548018A CN110150322A CN 110150322 A CN110150322 A CN 110150322A CN 201910548018 A CN201910548018 A CN 201910548018A CN 110150322 A CN110150322 A CN 110150322A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of environmentally protective medicaments of prevention and control gray mold, are grouped as by the group of following weight percentage: beeswax 0.1~1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.05~0.6%, surplus are water.The invention also discloses the preparation methods of above-mentioned medicament, comprising the following steps: it is water that S1, by weight percentage composition, which weigh beeswax 0.1~1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.05~0.6%, surplus, spare；S2, beeswax weighed in S1 is added in S1 in weighed composite emulsifier, heating and melting, weighed water in S1 is then added, stirred evenly to get medicament is arrived.The invention also discloses the application method of above-mentioned medicament, the 1st time is carried out when leek leaf growth is to 8~10cm and is sprayed, spray for the 2nd time and the 3rd time after 10 days and 20 days.Medicament provided by the invention is without any pollution, and environmentally protective, guarantee food safety, cost is relatively low, and has excellent control efficiency to gray mold.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, and in particular to a kind of environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold, preparation method
And its application method.
Background technique
In leek growth and development process, it is easy by various disease infestations, especially fungal disease.Leek gray mold
(Chinese chives gray mold) is a kind of common important disease, by Botrytis squamosa (Botrytis
Squamosal Walker) it infects and causes, belong to typical gas borne disease, low temperature and high relative humidity and moisture condensation time long are conducive to occur and stream
Row.For blade vulnerable to infringement, common sympton includes that white point, dry point and web rot generally can lead to strange taste such as musty, bilgy odours
The underproduction 20%~30% seriously affects leek quality, loses edible value.It can also continue to cause harm after adopting and during storing, sternly
Severe one can Shi Zheng Bales leek become a beach mud, cause whole canopy to have no harvest.
Prevention and treatment leek gray mold needs adhere to " putting prevention first, integrated control ".Disease-resistant variety, nurturing staff, reasonable liquid manure,
Temperature and Humidity Control clears up invalid and cleaning canopy film etc. cultural controls and ecological regulation and control measure in time and can play preferably prevention and make
With, but be difficult fundamentally to control disease.Physical control is conducive to the prevention of the disease, fumigates canopy room or solar energy using ozone
High temperature close plastic shed can reduce disease generation, but control cost is higher.Chemical prevention is that control gray mold harm is most effective, most square
Just method, however to gray mold effect fungicide type outstanding and few, and since vegetable grower's habit is long-term, large dosage makes
With chemical bactericide, ash arrhizus bacteria produces different degrees of resistance to common medicament, and control efficiency decline is caused even to be lost
It loses, frequent medication causes the aggravation of increase and the environmental pollution of peasant's drug cost again.Therefore, it is badly in need of efficient, less toxic, environmental protection
Fungicide kind.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold,
Preparation method and its application method.Medicament provided by the invention is without any pollution, and environmentally protective, control efficiency is good, and preparation side
Method is simple, cost is relatively low.
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of environmentally protective medicaments of prevention and control gray mold, are contained by following weight percent
The group of amount is grouped as: beeswax 0.1~1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.05~0.6%, surplus are water.
Preferably, the composite emulsifier by sorbester p17 and Tween-80 (Tween 80) mixing form, and sorbester p17 with
The mass ratio of Tween 80 is 1:1~1.5.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the environmentally protective medicament of above-mentioned prevention and control gray mold, packets
Include following steps:
It is water that S1, by weight percentage composition, which weigh beeswax 0.1~1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.05~0.6%, surplus, standby
With；
Wherein, the composite emulsifier is made of sorbester p17 and Tween-80 (Tween 80) directly mixing, and sorbester p17
Mass ratio with Tween 80 is 1:1~1.5；
S2, beeswax weighed in S1 is added in S1 in weighed composite emulsifier, in 70~80 under stirring
Then weighed water in S1 is added in heating and melting at DEG C, stir evenly to get the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold is arrived.
Preferably, the temperature of the water is 70 DEG C.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application methods of the environmentally protective medicament of above-mentioned prevention and control gray mold, should
Medicament breaks out season in spring, autumn gray mold, and 2~32 DEG C of temperature, air humidity sprays when being greater than 80%, specially in leek blade
The 1st time is carried out when growing to 8~10cm to spray, spray for the 2nd time after 10 days, spray for the 3rd time after 20 days.
Preferably, the front and back sides of blade are sprayed when spraying every time, blade medical fluid is sprayed onto and is intended to drip.
Preferably, the amount of application of medicament is 50~60kg/ mus.
Compared with prior art, the present invention the beneficial effect is that:
(1) medicament provided by the invention is without any pollution, environmentally protective, guarantee food safety.Original in medicament of the present invention
Material component beeswax is direct-edible natural materials, and sorbester p17, Tween 80 are common food addition in food processing
Agent provides by " food additives use standard " (GB 2760-2014), vegetable protein beverage (soymilk, coconut milk, almond milk,
Peanut milk etc.) in both maximum usage amount be respectively 0.6% and 0.2%, and in the application medicament sorbester p17, Tween 80 use
Amount is far below national regulation；
(2) medicament provided by the invention is better than procymidone to the control efficiency of leek gray mold；
(3) medicament economic cost provided by the invention is low.The present invention provides beeswax content in medicament and presses 0.2% densimeter,
And amount of application is 60kg per acre, then needs beeswax 0.12kg, emulsifier 0.06kg per acre.Market price beeswax is 50 yuan/kg, cream
Agent is 70 yuan/kg.It is accumulative to need 10.2 yuan per acre.Common prevention and treatment gray mold uses SUMITOMO CHEMICAL procymidone 50% wettable per acre
3 bags of pulvis, 36 yuan of price of property.Medicament of the present invention cost reduces 25.8 yuan compared to beeswax preparation per acre；
(4) preparation method of present invention offer medicament is easy to operate, is easily achieved.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not used to limit
The fixed present invention.
Embodiment 1
The environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold provided in an embodiment of the present invention is grouped by the group of following weight percentage
At: beeswax 0.2%, composite emulsifier 0.1%, surplus are water.
Wherein, composite emulsifier is made of sorbester p17 and Tween 80 mixing, and the mass ratio of sorbester p17 and Tween 80 is 1:
1.5。
The preparation method of above-mentioned medicament, specifically includes the following steps:
It is water that S1, by weight percentage composition, which weigh beeswax 0.2%, composite emulsifier 0.1%, surplus, spare；
Wherein, the composite emulsifier is directly mixed by sorbester p17 and Tween 80 and is formed, and the matter of sorbester p17 and Tween 80
For amount than being 1:1.5, the temperature of water is 70 DEG C；
S2, beeswax weighed in S1 is added in S1 in weighed composite emulsifier, under stirring at 70 DEG C
Then weighed water in S1 is added in heating and melting, stir evenly to get the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold is arrived.
The environmentally protective medicament application method of the prevention and control gray mold of the embodiment of the present invention: the medicament is quick-fried in spring, autumn gray mold
Season is sent out, 2~32 DEG C of temperature (day and night temperature is big), (is carried on the back using CD-16 type when air humidity is greater than 80% using foliar spray method
Negative formula power spraye, injection diameter 0.7mm) it is sprayed, the 1st spray is specially carried out when leek leaf growth is to 10cm
It applies, spray for the 2nd time after 10 days, spray for the 3rd time after 20 days, require when spray to spray the front and back sides of blade
It applies, is sprayed onto until blade medical fluid is intended to drip.The amount of application of medicament is 60kg/ mus.
Other medicaments for having control action to leek gray mold, other field management measures and routine are no longer applied after spray
Management is consistent.
Embodiment 2
The environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold provided in an embodiment of the present invention is grouped by the group of following weight percentage
At: beeswax 0.1%, composite emulsifier 0.05%, surplus are water.
Wherein, composite emulsifier is directly mixed by sorbester p17 and Tween 80 and is formed, and the mass ratio of sorbester p17 and Tween 80
For 1:1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned medicament, specifically includes the following steps:
It is water that S1, by weight percentage composition, which weigh beeswax 0.1%, composite emulsifier 0.05%, surplus, spare；
Wherein, the composite emulsifier is directly mixed by sorbester p17 and Tween 80 and is formed, and the matter of sorbester p17 and Tween 80
For amount than being 1:1, the temperature of water is 70 DEG C；
S2, beeswax weighed in S1 is added in S1 in weighed composite emulsifier, under stirring at 80 DEG C
Then weighed water in S1 is added in heating and melting, stir evenly to get the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold is arrived.
For the application method of the medicament with embodiment 1, the amount of application for being distinguished as medicament is 50kg/ mus.
Embodiment 3
The environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold provided in an embodiment of the present invention is grouped by the group of following weight percentage
At: beeswax 1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.6%, surplus are water.
Wherein, composite emulsifier is made of sorbester p17 and Tween 80 mixing, and the mass ratio of sorbester p17 and Tween 80 is 1:
1.5。
The preparation method of above-mentioned medicament, specifically includes the following steps:
It is water that S1, by weight percentage composition, which weigh beeswax 1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.6%, surplus, spare；
Wherein, the composite emulsifier is directly mixed by sorbester p17 and Tween 80 and is formed, and the matter of sorbester p17 and Tween 80
For amount than being 1:1.5, the temperature of water is 70 DEG C；
S2, beeswax weighed in S1 is added in S1 in weighed composite emulsifier, under stirring at 80 DEG C
Then weighed water in S1 is added in heating and melting, stir evenly to get the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold is arrived.
The application method of the medicament is the same as embodiment 1.
Below by taking the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold prepared by embodiment 1 as an example, to the pre- preventive effect of leek gray mold
Fruit is studied
One, field trial
1, experimental condition is arranged
Selection leek is uninfected by the experiment of preventive effects of the plot setting gray mold of gray mold, and plot is arranged using completely random
Column, each plot setting area 10m2, harvesting on October 12 stump, by medicament provided in an embodiment of the present invention using foliar spray
Method carries out application prevention and treatment (using CD-16 type knapsack electric sprayer, injection diameter 0.7mm), concrete operations are as follows: October 22
Leaf growth 10cm or so carries out the 1st spray, then carries out the 2nd spray on November 1, then November 11 carried out the 3rd time
Spray, it is desirable that the front and back sides of blade all squirt, until blade medical fluid is to be dripped.No longer application has leek gray mold after spray
Other medicaments of control action, other field management measures are consistent with Routine Management.Simultaneously to spray procymidone (procymidone metering
Illustratively use) and clear water is as a control group, specifically sprays, every kind medicine identical as the application plot of embodiment 1 with management method
Agent is all provided with three parallel groups, sets 9 plot altogether, and button canopy on November 12 induces gray mold.The state of an illness is investigated after 10d, is calculated the state of an illness and is referred to
Several and control efficiency.
2, leek gray mold investigation classification reference standard (with complete stool or the investigation of strain clump for object)
0 grade: robust plant, leaf growth is normal, has no scab.
1 grade: complete stool infection scab blade is less, and the infection number of blade is less than 1/10, the scab gross area < 5%；
3 grades: complete stool scab is less, 1/10≤infection number of blade < 1/5, the 5%≤scab gross area < 20%；
5 grades: leaf spot lesion is more, 1/5≤infection number of blade < 1/2, the 20%≤scab gross area < 50%；
7 grades: leaf spot lesion is more, 1/2≤infection number of blade < 4/5, the 50%≤scab gross area < 80%；
9 grades: susceptible very serious, scab is more, the mouldy shape of almost all blade, 4/5≤infection number of blade, 80%≤scab
The gross area；
Note: every part of resource investigation, point 3 repetitions, 5 plants of every least repeated (clump).
The state of an illness is investigated after 10d, calculates disease index and inducing effect.
Disease index=∑ (plant number x represents base value)/plant sum x highest represents grade value)
Inducing effect calculation formula are as follows:
Inducing effect=(control disease index-processing disease index)/control disease index X100%.
3, prevention and control leek gray mold investigation result
1 prevention and control leek gray mold investigation result of table
Note: the preventive effect (%) in upper table is each repetition average value
Leek gray mold control efficiency analysis of experiments.For statistical analysis to test data with LSD method, leek gray mold is anti-
Controlling effect test analysis, the results are shown in Table 1.It can be seen from Table 1 that at using the medicament and procymidone of the embodiment of the present invention 1
Different degrees of control efficiency can be played to leek gray mold after reason leek plant leaf.It is investigated after button canopy 10d, the present invention is real
The medicament and procymidone for applying example 1 are 62.3%, 57.9% respectively to the preventive effect of leek gray mold, and the medicine of the embodiment of the present invention 1
The preventive effect of agent is better than procymidone, learns through significance test, respectively handles significant difference.
Two, indoor inoculation is tested
1, experimental condition is arranged
It is that boat grinds 998 for examination leek kind.On May 1st, 2015 is seeded in open country, application rate 0.002kgm- 2, often
Regulate reason.Early December in the same year cuts the leek of cultivation root (staying 3cm), transplants every potting 4 into long 60cm, width 40cm earthen basin
Row, every row 10 clumps, 6 plants every clump.It is used as leek cultivation matrix after chicken manure, cow dung, rice husk, soil, sand are mixed in a certain ratio.It is slow
Seedling is moved back to artificial climate room, is sprayed 1 time using medicament 7 days of embodiment 1, continuous spraying 3 times, with procymidone and sterile water
Processing is as control, every group of 3 basin of processing.Using the method for artificial infection, blade is punctured with needle, and be inoculated with gray mold at the place of stabbing
Blade is put into incubator by bacterium after inoculation, and culture, counts the leek that caught an illness after being inoculated with 5d respectively in 20 DEG C of constant incubators
The number of blade investigates state of an illness rank, calculates disease index and control efficiency with this.
2, prevention and control leek gray mold investigation result
The control efficiency of 2 leek of table inoculation gray mold
Note: the preventive effect (%) in upper table is each repetition average value
It can be seen that by 2 result of table after handling leek using the medicament and procymidone of the embodiment of the present invention 1, inoculation ash
Mildew bacterium, disease index have certain decline compared with control, and the difference of the control efficiency between 1 medicament of embodiment and procymidone is equal
Significant level is reached, and the preventive effect of the medicament of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is better than procymidone.
Three, field experiment
2 mu of crop field was chosen in the proving ground Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pingdingshan City Li Zhuan and is tested on March 1st, 2018.1 mu
The medicament of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is sprayed, 1 mu sprays clear water and compares.March 2, March 12, March 22 spray respectively.March
It gathers within 29th, beeswax group per mu yield 3500kg, clear water group is since infection gray mold is serious, per mu yield 1200kg, by 0.5 yuan/kg, uses
The medicament of the embodiment of the present invention is prevented, and opposite clear water control group, the output value averagely increases income 1150 yuan, improves economic benefit.
Four, security test
According to the influence of safety and other non-target organisms that the observation of field trial system grows leek.According to field
Pilot system observation prevents leek gray mold using 1 medicament of the embodiment of the present invention, and the leek growth of each treatment region is normal, without bright
Aobvious adverse effect, it is preferable to the safety of leek growth, other non-target organisms are had no significant effect.
In conclusion medicament provided in an embodiment of the present invention has good preventive effect to leek gray mold, improve
The yield of leek improves economic benefit, and medicament provided by the invention is without any pollution, environmentally protective, guarantee leek food
Safety.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold, which is characterized in that be grouped as by the group of following weight percentage: bee
Wax 0.1~1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.05~0.6%, surplus are water.
2. the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the composite emulsifier by
Sorbester p17 and Tween-80 mixing composition, and the mass ratio of sorbester p17 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate is 1:1~1.5.
3. the preparation method of the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
It is water that S1, by weight percentage composition, which weigh beeswax 0.1~1.2%, composite emulsifier 0.05~0.6%, surplus, spare；
Wherein, the composite emulsifier is directly mixed by sorbester p17 and Tween-80 and is formed, and sorbester p17 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate
Mass ratio be 1:1~1.5；
S2, beeswax weighed in S1 is added in S1 in weighed composite emulsifier, under stirring at 70~80 DEG C
Then weighed water in S1 is added in heating and melting, stir evenly to get the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold is arrived.
4. the preparation method of the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the water
Temperature be 70 DEG C.
5. a kind of application method of the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the medicine
Agent breaks out season in spring, autumn gray mold, and 2~32 DEG C of temperature, air humidity sprays when being greater than 80%, specially raw in leek blade
It is long to 8~10cm when carry out the 1st time and spray, spray for the 2nd time after 10 days, spray for the 3rd time after 20 days.
6. the application method of the environmentally protective medicament of prevention and control gray mold according to claim 5, which is characterized in that medicament
Amount of application is 50~60kg/ mus.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN116138271A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-05-23 | 平顶山市农业科学院 | Bactericidal composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof |
| CN116138270A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-05-23 | 平顶山市农业科学院 | Bactericidal composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof |
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| CN116138270A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-05-23 | 平顶山市农业科学院 | Bactericidal composition for preventing and controlling gray mold and application thereof |
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| CN110150322B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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