CN116082778B - 一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116082778B CN116082778B CN202310192414.8A CN202310192414A CN116082778B CN 116082778 B CN116082778 B CN 116082778B CN 202310192414 A CN202310192414 A CN 202310192414A CN 116082778 B CN116082778 B CN 116082778B
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Classifications
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
- D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
- D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料及其制备方法,包括采用硅氧烷离子液体表面处理后的天然纤维:20wt%~70wt%,阻燃热塑性树脂:80wt%~30wt%。本发明天然纤维经过含有离子液体基团的硅氧烷处理,热塑性树脂分子组份含有离子液体,从而保证由此制造的天然纤维复合材料具有优异的阻燃性。与现有技术相比,本发明产品可以采用低温聚合和加工得到,所得天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料具有优异的机械性能和良好的阻燃性,解决了天然纤维织物增强热塑性复合材料难以阻燃问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料及其制造方法。
背景技术
复合材料由于具有非常高的比强度,在一些领域替代金属材料实现轻量化。目前的复合材料主要以玻璃纤维和碳纤维为主。碳纤维具有非常优异的强度和刚性,受到各个行业的青睐,但由于碳纤维的成本较高,只能应用于高端的领域。玻璃纤维增强的复合材料应用的领域最广,但由于玻璃纤维的密度较高,同时玻璃纤维的制造是个高碳排放行业,不能很好的契合国家碳达峰和碳中和的政策。
天然纤维是一种可再生的资源,从古代就广泛应用在人类生活的方方面面。随着社会的进步和发展,对于这种可再生的资源利用成为我们未来发展的方向。天然纤维由于具有非常高的强度和非常低的密度,在复合材料方面具有非常大的应用前景。目前,国内外基于天然纤维的复合材料主要一热固性树脂基的复合材料为主。由于热固性树脂的不可回收性,将天然纤维这种环保的材料的优势不能很好的体现。
在技术的不断进步和环保政策的要求下,天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料逐渐开始出现并得到应用。例如中国专利ZL201380041039披露了一种天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料的方法,即采用低黏度的热塑性结晶聚合物预聚体浸渍天然纤维,然后在一定温度下进行聚合得到最终的复合材料。该发明存在一个缺点是后期聚合需要较高的温度一般高于200℃,和较长的时间,在此条件下天然纤维会发生水份挥发,结构分解,降低了材料的性能,同时复合材料在后期加工过程中需要高温,也会造成材料的分解,很难制造合格的产品。中国专利ZL201510085029.9披露了通过天然纤维开送与有机纤维如聚丙烯纤维混合,制的混杂纤维的毡,然后热压成型,得到天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料。此种复合材料虽然制造过程简单,但需要对天然纤维进行处理以便提高纤维与热塑性树脂聚丙烯的亲和力,提高界面强度。同时通过梳理的复合材料纤维强度短,造成整体材料的强度和刚性低,只能做一些内饰件。中国专利ZL201410542748.4披露了采用己内酰胺通过阴离子开环聚合制造天然纤维增强尼龙6的复合材料。该发明有几个不足,即阴离子开环聚合的引发剂很敏感,必须对天然纤维进行严格的处理,方能聚合,否则会造成催化剂失活。另外不足是制造的复合材料的后加工温度高,在后成型阶段会造成天然纤维的分解,从而显著降低复合材料制件的表观和性能,很难实现实际应用。
针对天然纤维的固有特点,例如易燃、含水量高、含有有机基质、耐温性低、界面极性强需要处理等问题,开发一种全新的复合材料,在促进天纤维复合材料的发展和应用具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料及其制造方法,本发明的天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料具有优异的机械性能和良好的阻燃性,解决了天然纤维织物增强热塑性复合材料难以阻燃问题。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,包括采用硅氧烷离子液体表面处理后的天然纤维:20wt%~70wt%,阻燃热塑性树脂:80wt%~30wt%。
进一步地,所述的天然纤维包括但不限于亚麻纤维、黄麻纤维、剑麻纤维、苎麻纤维、大麻纤维、蕉麻纤维等一种或几种混合纤维。
本发明的天然纤维为天然纤维的织物,可以为单向织物,也可以为双向织物。双向织物可以为平纹织物、斜纹织物和缎纹织物。
为了提高天然纤维的阻燃性,本发明采用含有硅氧烷的离子液体(即硅氧烷离子液体)对天然纤维表面进行处理,提高天然纤维的阻燃性。
进一步地,所述的硅氧烷离子液体结构如下:
其中,R1为C1~4的烷基,包括CH3,CH3CH2,CH3CH2CH2,CH3CH2CH2CH2;
N为1~18,R为离子液体基团,R为具有A+B-结构的离子液体基团。
进一步地,所述的离子液体基团为具有A+B-结构的离子液体基团,其中A+为有机阳离子,B-为无机或有机阴离子。
进一步地,所述A+为季铵盐离子、季磷盐离子、咪唑盐离子或吡咯盐离子;
B-为卤素离子(Br-,Cl-,I-)、磷酸酯离子、硫酸酯离子、磺酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子、六氟磷酸根离子、磺酸酯离子或双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺根离子。
本发明利用含硅氧烷的离子液体对纤维表面进行处理,由于纤维表面的OH与硅氧烷的OR1发生反应,从而将离子液体接枝到天然纤维的表面,这种离子液体具有非常优异的阻燃性,可以大大提高天然纤维的阻燃性,反应结构式如下:
进一步地,所述的硅氧烷离子液体通过以下方法制得:将三烷氧基卤代烷基硅烷与离子液体的阳离子的化合物按摩尔比1:1,进行离子化反应,反应温度为50-60℃,反应时间为5-10h,制成以卤素离子为阴离子的离子液体化合物,根据需要通过阴离子置换反应将卤离子成换成其它阴离子。
进一步地,所述的天然纤维的表面处理方法如下:
将硅氧烷离子液体溶解在溶剂中,制成质量浓度为0.1~10%的溶液,浸泡天然纤维或喷洒在天然纤维上(浸泡时间为0.5-3h,或者喷洒量为每平方米纤维5~50ml硅氧烷离子液体溶液),挥发溶剂,得到表面经硅氧烷离子液体处理的天然纤维。
本发明的阻燃热塑性树脂为本体阻燃的(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂。该阻燃热塑性树脂为由(甲基)丙烯酸类单体与含有双键的离子液体经预聚合得到的低粘度预聚体。其中含有双键的可自由基聚合的离子液体的结构为R-A+B-。
其中R为含双键的基团,例如CH2=CH-,CH2=CHCH2-。A+阳离子可以为季铵盐离子、季磷盐离子、咪唑盐离子和吡咯盐离子等。本发明的阳离子优选为咪唑类阳离子。
本发明的B-阴离子为卤素离子(Br-,Cl-,I-)、磷酸酯离子、硫酸酯离子、磺酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子、六氟磷酸根离子、磺酸酯离子、双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺根离子等。
热塑性树脂基体中离子液体含量为0.1~20%,优选为0.5~10%。通过共聚合,在丙烯酸酯类聚合物分子中引入离子液体基团,使聚合具有优异的阻燃性。同时与经本发明利用离子液体处理的天然纤维形成良好的界面,提高了材料的性能。
所述的预聚体通过以下方法制得:
S1、含双键离子液体的制造:
将乙烯基咪唑与相应的阴离子化合物等物质的量混合,加热反应,得到含有双键的咪唑类离子液体;
S2、阻燃丙烯酸类预聚体的制造:
将丙烯酸类单体与步骤S1得到的含有双键的咪唑类离子液体混合均匀,加入混合单体量的0.1~2%的自由基引发剂,在室温~80℃反应,当液体粘度达到100~2000mPa.s时,停止反应,冷却即可得到预聚体;预聚体的粘度不高于5000mPa·S,优选不高于3000mPa·S,更有选不高于mPa·S。
本发明所采用的丙烯酸类单体包括但不限于以下(甲基)丙烯酸类单官能单体,例如:(甲基)丙烯酸C1-18烷酯,如(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八烷酯等;(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯酸环己、(甲基)丙烯酸苯甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸对二苯砜酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲胺乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二乙胺乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸氢糠酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸偏苯三酸单酐乙二醇酯等,还可以含有马来酸酐、乙糠酸、苯乙烯、甲基苯乙烯等单体和苯乙烯类单体等。
本发明的阻燃丙烯酸类树脂中可以添加一些助剂例如颜料、增塑剂、增韧剂、抗氧剂、紫外光稳定剂等。
本发明的预聚体采用自由基引发剂作为引发体系。
本发明的自由基引发剂可以为过氧化物类引发剂例如酰类过氧化物(过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化月桂酰)、二烷基过氧化物(过氧化二叔丁基、过氧化二异丙苯)、酯类过氧化物(过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化叔戊酸叔丁基酯)、酮类过氧化物(过氧化甲乙酮、过氧化环己酮)、二碳酸酯过氧化物(过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、过氧化二碳酸二环己酯),也可以是偶氮类自由基引发剂例如偶氮二异丁氰、偶氮二异庚氰等。
本发明还提供一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料的制备方法,将采用硅氧烷离子液体表面处理后的天然纤维置于模具中,将阻燃热塑性树脂的预聚体通过真空吸入的方式,吸到模具中,对纤维进行浸润,然后密封模具,将模具置于40~80℃烘箱中或水浴中,进行反应0.5~8小时,然后将模具置于100~120℃烘箱中继续反应1~6小时,以使单体反应完全,冷却,开模,即可得到阻燃天然纤维增强的热塑性复合材料。
与现有技术相比,本发明。
(1)本发明采用含有硅氧烷的离子液体对天然纤维表面进行处理,由于纤维表面的OH与硅氧烷的OR1发生反应,从而将离子液体接枝到天然纤维的表面,这种离子液体具有非常优异的阻燃性,可以大大提高天然纤维的阻燃性;
本发明的热塑性树脂为本体阻燃的(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂。该树脂由(甲基)丙烯酸类单体与含有双键的离子液体经预聚合得到的低粘度预聚体。在丙烯酸酯类聚合物分子中引入离子液体基团,使聚合具有优异的阻燃性。同时与经本发明利用离子液体处理的天然纤维形成良好的界面,提高了材料的性能。
因此,本发明天然纤维经过含有离子液体基团的硅氧烷处理,热塑性树脂分子组份含有离子液体,从而保证由此制造的天然纤维复合材料具有优异的阻燃性。
(2)本发明产品可以采用低温聚合和加工得到,所得天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料具有优异的机械性能和良好的阻燃性,解决了天然纤维织物增强热塑性复合材料难以阻燃问题。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
(1)硅氧烷离子液体的制造:
将19.8克氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷加入到盛有8.1克N-甲基吡咯的三口瓶中,在磁力搅拌下,加热到50℃,反应8小时,得到含有硅氧烷基团的以甲基吡咯为阳离子以氯离子为阴离子的离子液体化合物。
(2)天然纤维的表面处理:
将面密度为400g/m2的黄麻纤维织物浸泡在1wt%的上述步骤(1)制得的离子液体化合物的乙醇溶液中1小时,取出。控干乙醇,然后放置在空气中8小时挥发掉残余的乙醇,并在60℃烘箱中烘2小时,以保证硅氧烷离子液体与纤维的表面的羟基发生反应,使离子液体接枝到纤维的表面。
(3)含双键离子液体的制造:
将9.4克N-乙烯基咪唑键入到含有26.6克磷酸三丁酯的三口瓶中并加入0.04克2,6-二叔丁基对甲基苯酚作为阻聚剂,在磁力搅拌下加热到80℃,在氮气氛围下反应8小时,得到含有乙烯基双键的咪唑磷酸酯离子液体。该离子液体具有氮、磷元素,具有优异的阻燃性。
(4)阻燃丙烯酸酯预聚体的制造:
将5克步骤(3)制得的乙烯基双键的咪唑磷酸酯离子液体与95克甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体混合,加入0.5克过氧化苯甲酰作为自由基引发剂,在80℃氮气保护下反应,但反应物粘度达到600mPa.s时,迅速冷却,停止反应,得到低粘度的含有阻燃离子液体的预聚体。
(5)阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料的制造:
将上述步骤(2)所得表面处理好的天然纤维50g置于不锈钢平板模具中,抽真空,将上述步骤(4)制得的预聚体50g转移到模具中,浸润天然纤维。密封模具。将模具置于60℃烘箱中,反应12小时,然后将烘箱温度升高到100℃继续反应2小时。取出冷却,开模,即可得到阻燃剑麻纤维织物增强的PMMA复合材料。
实施例2
(1)硅氧烷离子液体的制造:
将19.8克氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷加入到盛有8.2克甲基咪唑的三口瓶中,在磁力搅拌下,加热到60℃,反应6小时,得到含有硅氧烷基团的以甲基咪唑为阳离子以氯离子为阴离子的离子液体化合物。
(2)天然纤维的表面处理:
将面密度为600g/m2的剑麻纤维织物浸泡在0.5wt%的上述离子液体的丙酮溶液中30分钟,取出。控干丙酮,然后放置在空气中8小时挥发掉残余的丙酮,并在60℃烘箱中烘2小时,以保证硅氧烷离子液体与纤维的表面的羟基发生反应,使离子液体接枝到纤维的表面。
(3)含双键离子液体的制造:
将10.8克N-乙烯基甲基咪唑键入到含有13.7克溴代正丁烷的三口瓶中并加入0.02克2,6-二叔丁基对甲基苯酚作为阻聚剂,在磁力搅拌下加热到60℃,在氮气氛围下反应12小时,得到含有乙烯基双键的咪唑溴离子液体。将该离子液体溶解在蒸馏水中,加入18.4克六氟磷酸钾,搅拌6小时,完成六氟磷酸根离子与溴离子的交换,将分层的水相除掉,得到含有乙烯基基团的咪唑六氟磷酸离子液体。该离子液体具有氮、磷、氟元素,具有优异的阻燃性。
(4)阻燃丙烯酸酯预聚体的制造:
将8克乙烯基咪唑六氟磷酸离子液体与80克甲基丙烯酸甲酯、10克甲基丙烯酸异辛酯、2克间苯二甲酸二辛酯单体混合,加入0.5克过偶氮二异丁腈作为自由基引发剂,在60℃氮气保护下反应,但反应物粘度达到1000mPa.s时,迅速冷却,停止反应。得到低粘度的含有阻燃离子液体的预聚体。
(5)阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料的制造:
将上述步骤(2)制得的表面处理好的天然纤维50g置于不锈钢平板模具中,抽真空,将上述步骤(4)制得的预聚体50g转移到模具中,浸润天然纤维。密封模具。将模具置于60℃烘箱中,反应12小时,然后将烘箱温度升高到100℃继续反应2小时。取出冷却,开模,即可得到阻燃黄麻纤维织物增强的PMMA复合材料。
实施例3
其余同实施例1,仅步骤(1)硅氧烷离子液体的制造中得到的以氯离子为阴离子的离子液体化合物,进一步通过阴离子置换反应将卤离子成换成其它阴离子:氟硼酸根离子,具体步骤如下:将制得的以Cl-为阴离子的离子液体溶解在乙腈中,加入等物质量的氟硼酸钠,搅拌,反应,过滤除去生成的氯化钠,然后加入乙酸乙酯,沉淀以氟硼酸根离子为阴离子的离子液体化合物,过滤、真空干燥即可得到氟硼酸根离子的离子液体化合物。
实施例4
步骤(5)中表面处理好的天然纤维的用量为20g,预聚体的用量为80g,其余同实施例1。
实施例5
步骤(5)中表面处理好的天然纤维的用量为70g,预聚体的用量为30g,其余同实施例1。
对比例1
与实施例1步骤(3)-(5)相同,只是缺少步骤(1)-(2),即天然纤维不进行表面处理,直接使用面密度为400g/m2的黄麻纤维织物与含有离子液体的预聚体进行反应,得到复合材料。
对比例2
与实施例1步骤(1)-(2)和(5)相同,只是缺少步骤(3),步骤(4)中不含离子液体,制得不含离子液体的预聚体,与表面处理后的天然纤维进行反应,得到复合材料。
对比例3
直接使用面密度为400g/m2的黄麻纤维织物作为天然纤维,步骤(4)中不含离子液体,制得不含离子液体的预聚体,两者进行反应,得到复合材料。
上述实施例所得复合材料的性能:
由此可见,本发明的天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料具有优异的机械性能和良好的阻燃性,解决了天然纤维织物增强热塑性复合材料难以阻燃问题。
Claims (8)
1.一种阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,其特征在于,包括采用硅氧烷离子液体表面处理后的天然纤维:20 wt%~70wt%,阻燃热塑性树脂:80 wt%~30wt%;
所述的阻燃热塑性树脂为由(甲基)丙烯酸类单体与含有双键的离子液体经预聚合得到的低粘度预聚体,该预聚体通过以下方法制得:
S1、含双键离子液体的制造:
将乙烯基咪唑与相应的阴离子化合物等物质的量混合,加热反应,得到含有双键的咪唑类离子液体;
S2、阻燃丙烯酸类预聚体的制造:
将(甲基)丙烯酸类单体与步骤S1得到的含有双键的咪唑类离子液体混合均匀,加入混合单体量的0.1~2%的自由基引发剂,在室温~80℃反应,当液体粘度达到100~2000mPa.s时,停止反应,冷却即得到预聚体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,其特征在于,所述的天然纤维包括亚麻纤维、黄麻纤维、剑麻纤维、苎麻纤维、大麻纤维、蕉麻纤维一种或几种混合纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,其特征在于,所述的硅氧烷离子液体结构如下:
,
其中,R1为C1~4的烷基,包括CH3,CH3CH2,CH3CH2CH2,CH3CH2CH2CH2;
n为1~18,R为离子液体基团。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,其特征在于,所述离子液体中的阳离子A+为季铵盐离子、季磷盐离子、咪唑盐离子或吡咯盐离子;
离子液体中的阴离子B-为卤素离子、磷酸酯离子、硫酸酯离子、磺酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子、六氟磷酸根离子、磺酸酯离子或双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺根离子。
5.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,其特征在于,所述的硅氧烷离子液体通过以下方法制得:将三烷氧基卤代烷基硅烷与离子液体的阳离子的化合物进行离子化反应制成以卤素离子为阴离子的离子液体化合物,根据需要通过阴离子置换反应将卤离子成换成其它阴离子。
6.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,其特征在于,所述的天然纤维的表面处理方法如下:
将硅氧烷离子液体溶解在溶剂中,制成质量浓度为0.1~10%的溶液,浸泡天然纤维或喷洒在天然纤维上,挥发溶剂,得到表面经硅氧烷离子液体处理的天然纤维。
7.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料,其特征在于,所述的预聚体的粘度不高于5000mPa•S。
8.一种如权利要求1-7中任一所述的阻燃天然纤维增强热塑性复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,将采用硅氧烷离子液体表面处理后的天然纤维置于模具中,将阻燃热塑性树脂的预聚体通过真空吸入的方式,吸到模具中,对纤维进行浸润,然后密封模具,将模具置于40~80℃烘箱中或水浴中,进行反应0.5~8小时,然后将模具置于100~120℃烘箱中继续反应1~6小时,以使单体反应完全,冷却,开模,即得到阻燃天然纤维增强的热塑性复合材料。
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