CN116058149B - Vegetable accurate fertilization device and control method - Google Patents
Vegetable accurate fertilization device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116058149B CN116058149B CN202310048874.3A CN202310048874A CN116058149B CN 116058149 B CN116058149 B CN 116058149B CN 202310048874 A CN202310048874 A CN 202310048874A CN 116058149 B CN116058149 B CN 116058149B
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- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable accurate fertilization device and a control method, wherein one side of the middle parts of two regulating plates of a soil detection assembly are arranged on the outer side of a wheel and are respectively connected with two ends of a lifting rod, the output shaft ends of a servo motor are connected with a wire wheel, two ends of a buffer rod are positioned in the front end pipe and the rear end pipe, the positions of the two ends of the buffer rod, which are positioned on the two sides of a grounding turntable, are respectively connected with springs in a spot welding manner, a limiting ring is sleeved at one end of the front end pipe in a sliding manner, a detection preparation assembly is connected at the rear end of a tractor body, and a formulated fertilization assembly is arranged at the rear end of the tractor body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural apparatuses, in particular to a precise vegetable fertilization device and a control method.
Background
Fertilizing refers to agricultural technical measures that apply fertilizers to soil or spray on plants, provide nutrients needed by the plants, and maintain and improve soil fertility. The main purpose is to increase crop yield, improve crop quality, fertilize soil fertility and increase economic benefit. The main basis of fertilization is soil fertility level, crop type, target yield, climate environment and fertilizer characteristics, so that proper fertilizer is selected, the required fertilizer dosage is estimated, and fertilization time and fertilization mode are determined.
However, the fertility degree of each region of farmland soil is different, in order to achieve the optimal fertilization effect, detection personnel are required to divide the regions before fertilization, then detection is carried out, fertilizers with different concentrations are applied to the soil in different regions according to the detection result, and the operation is complex and time-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a precise vegetable fertilizing device and a control method, which can effectively solve the problems that the fertilizing degree of each region of farmland soil is different, in order to achieve the optimal fertilizing effect, detection personnel are required to divide the region before fertilizing, then detect, and apply fertilizers with different concentrations to the soil in different regions according to the detection result, and the operation is complex and time-consuming.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the accurate vegetable fertilizing device comprises a tractor body, wheels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the tractor body, soil detection components are arranged on the outer sides of the wheels, and each soil detection component comprises a rotary drum, a connecting block, an adjusting plate, a lifting rod, a steel wire rope, a servo motor, a wire wheel, a rear end pipe, a buffer rod, a front end pipe, a spring, a sliding rod, a grounding turntable, a soil detection sensor, a limiting ring and a first positioning screw;
the middle part of the side surface of the wheel at the front end of the tractor body is welded with a rotary drum, a connecting block is rotatably arranged in the rotary drum, the connecting blocks are welded at one end of an adjusting plate, one sides of the middle parts of the two adjusting plates are respectively connected with two ends of a lifting rod, the middle part of the lifting rod is connected with one end of a steel wire rope, one end of the top surface of the tractor body is provided with a servo motor in the middle, the output shaft end of the servo motor is connected with a wire wheel, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the middle part of the wire wheel;
the rear end tube is rotatably arranged at one end of the adjusting plate, the buffer rod is slidably connected at one end of the rear end tube, the front end tube is slidably sleeved at one end of the buffer rod far away from the rear end tube, springs are connected at the two ends of the buffer rod at the inner parts of the front end tube and the rear end tube in a spot welding manner, the two front end tubes are respectively welded at the two ends of the sliding rod, the two ends of the sliding rod are symmetrically and slidably sleeved with the grounding rotary table, soil detection sensors are uniformly arranged at the edge positions of the grounding rotary table, limiting rings are slidably sleeved at the two sides of the sliding rod, and the top surfaces of the limiting rings are penetrated and provided with first positioning screws through screw holes.
Preferably, the contact position of the rotary drum and the connecting block is a smooth curved surface, the rotary drum and the connecting block are in transition fit, and the input end of the servo motor is electrically connected with the output end of the external power supply.
Preferably, the rear end pipe and the front end pipe have the same size, and the spring ends inside the rear end pipe and the front end pipe are respectively connected with the bottom ends inside the rear end pipe and the front end pipe by corresponding spot welding.
Preferably, one end of the front end pipe is connected with a detection preparation assembly, and the detection preparation assembly comprises a front rotating plate, an end rod, a limit box, a middle plate, a soil dividing plate, a second positioning screw, a soil covering plate and an arc plate;
front end pipe one end is connected through the pivot and is changeed board one end before, two preceding commentaries on classics board one end welded connection respectively in end pole both ends, end pole both ends slip has cup jointed the spacing box, the inside welding of spacing box has the medium plate, medium plate one end welding has the soil dividing board, second positioning screw is run through the screw in spacing box top surface middle part, spacing box bilateral symmetry welding has the earthing board, earthing board one end welding has the arc.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of the end rod is regular hexagon, and the longitudinal section of the limit box is type.
Preferably, the bottom end of the limit box exceeds the bottom end of the soil dividing plate, and the bottom surface of the soil dividing plate is an acute angle.
Preferably, the rear end of the tractor body is provided with a preparation and fertilization assembly, and the preparation and fertilization assembly comprises a mounting plate, a guide box, a screw rod, a lifting block, a rotating rod, a fertilization frame, a preparation box, a spray head, a medicament box, a medicament pipe, a medicament electric current limiting valve, a water tank, a water pipe, a water and electricity current limiting valve, an air pump, an air pipe, an air hole and a supporting wheel;
the tractor is characterized in that the mounting plate is mounted at the rear end of the tractor body through screws, the guide boxes are symmetrically welded at two sides of the mounting plate, the screw rod is installed in the middle of the inside of the guide box in a penetrating manner, the lifting block is sleeved at the bottom end of the screw rod through threads, one end of the lifting block is connected with the rotating rod through a rotating shaft, two ends of the rotating rod are respectively welded at two ends of one side of the fertilizing frame, the preparation boxes are symmetrically installed in a penetrating manner at one side of the top surface of the fertilizing frame, the spray heads are uniformly mounted at the bottom ends of the preparation boxes, the medicine boxes are mounted at one side of the fertilizing frame through medicine pipes, the medicine boxes are connected with the top surfaces of the preparation boxes, the medicine boxes are mounted at the other side of the medicine pipes through water pipes, the water boxes are mounted at the top surfaces of the other side of the fertilizing frame, the bottom ends of the medicine pipes are connected with the top surfaces of the preparation boxes through water pipes, the air pumps are symmetrically mounted at the positions of the fertilizing frame, the air outlet ends of the air pumps are connected with air pipes, the air pipes penetrate the bottom ends of the preparation boxes, and the air holes are uniformly formed in the inner sections of the preparation boxes, and the preparation boxes are symmetrically mounted with supporting wheels at two sides of the fertilizing frame.
Preferably, the lifting block both sides all laminate the guide box inner wall, two the bull stick welds in stock both ends respectively.
Preferably, the output end of the soil property detection sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the external controller, the output end of the external controller is electrically connected with the medicament electric current limiting valve and the water electric current limiting valve respectively, and the input end of the external controller is electrically connected with the output end of the external power supply.
The control method of the vegetable precise fertilizer device comprises the following steps:
s1: and (3) component installation: the connecting block is rotatably arranged in the rotary drum, the servo motor drives the wire wheel to rotate, the adjusting plate rotates until the grounding turntable is grounded, and the mounting plate is arranged at the rear end of the tractor body through a screw;
s2: adjusting alignment: dividing a farmland into a plurality of grids, loosening the first positioning screw rods and the second positioning screw rods, adjusting the distance between the grounding turntables according to the divided grids, then pulling the limiting boxes to align with the grounding turntables along the end rods, fixing the first positioning screw rods and the second positioning screw rods, rotating the screw rods, lifting the lifting blocks, adjusting the angles of the fertilization frame and the ground, and changing the spraying height and the angle;
s3: detecting soil quality: the tractor body is started, wheels rotate to push the soil detection assembly to advance, the limit box and the soil dividing plate open grooves and jack open broken stones, the soil covering plate extrudes and pushes loose soil into the grooves, and the soil detection sensor intermittently penetrates into the loose soil to detect the soil while the grounding turntable rotates;
s4: dispensing and spraying: the detected soil property condition is transferred to the controller, the controller controls and opens the medicament electric current limiting valve and the water electric current limiting valve respectively, under the action of gravity, concentrated medicament and water flow into the preparation box, the proportion of the concentrated medicament and the water is changed according to the soil property, gas sprayed by the air pump is discharged through the air hole, the air pressure is increased while the liquid medicine is mixed, and the liquid medicine is conveniently sprayed out through the spray head.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. be provided with the soil property detection subassembly, adjust the interval of ground connection carousel according to the net of dividing, then along terminal pole pulling spacing box and ground connection carousel alignment, the wheel rotates, promotes the soil property detection subassembly and advances, and this in-process, soil property detection sensor is along with the rotation of ground connection carousel, and the soil property detection sensor intermittent type nature pierces in soft earth, carries out the detection of soil property to with data constantly return to operating personnel's controlling means, detect convenient rapidly, make things convenient for follow-up allocation fertilization.
2. Be provided with and detect the preparation subassembly, when soil property detection subassembly advances and detects, spacing box and minute soil board open the slot, and the earthing board is pushed soft earth extrusion to the slot in, divides the soil board to prop up the rubble, prevents that too high soil of hardness and rubble from damaging detection device, detects when making things convenient for the ground connection carousel pivoted.
3. Be provided with and prepare fertilizer assembly, rotate the lead screw, the lifting piece, adjust the angle of fertilization frame and ground, change shower nozzle spraying height and angle, prevent to damage vegetables, the soil property situation of detection transmits for the controller, the controller control is opened medicament electronic current limiting valve and water electricity current limiting valve respectively, under the action of gravity, concentrated medicament and rivers flow to prepare in the box, concentrated medicament and water proportion change according to the soil property, air pump spun gas is discharged through the gas pocket, increase atmospheric pressure when mixing the liquid medicine, make things convenient for the liquid medicine to pass through shower nozzle blowout, it is convenient rapid to dispense, improve fertilization efficiency.
To sum up, soil property detection subassembly is used for detecting the nutrient composition in the soil to be convenient for prepare fertilizer application subassembly and fertilize according to actual conditions, the cooperation is used, can make the nutrient composition in the soil more even, and fertilization efficiency is high, detects and prepares the subassembly and be used for protecting soil property detection subassembly, when avoiding soil property detection subassembly to damage, the earthing carousel rotates more steadily, guarantees the degree of accuracy of detection, and three subassemblies cooperation is used, better faster completion fertilization process.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the soil detecting assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the inspection preparation assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the area A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the dispensing and fertilizing assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the water tank of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the configuration of the cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of area A of FIG. 7 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control method of the present invention;
reference numerals in the drawings: 1. tractor body; 2. a wheel;
3. a soil property detection assembly; 301. a rotating drum; 302. a connecting block; 303. an adjusting plate; 304. a lifting rod; 305. a wire rope; 306. a servo motor; 307. a wire wheel; 308. a rear end tube; 309. a buffer rod; 310. a front end pipe; 311. a spring; 312. a slide bar; 313. a grounding turntable; 314. a soil detection sensor; 315. a limiting ring; 316. a first positioning screw;
4. a detection preparation component; 401. a front rotating plate; 402. an end rod; 403. a limit box; 404. a middle plate; 405. a soil dividing plate; 406. a second positioning screw; 407. a soil covering plate; 408. an arc-shaped plate;
5. preparing a fertilization component; 501. a mounting plate; 502. a guide box; 503. a screw rod; 504. a lifting block; 505. a rotating rod; 506. a fertilizer application frame; 507. preparing a box; 508. a spray head; 509. a kit; 510. a medicament tube; 511. a medicament electric restrictor valve; 512. a water tank; 513. a water pipe; 514. a water electric flow limiting valve; 515. an air pump; 516. an air pipe; 517. air holes; 518. and a supporting wheel.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples: 1-8, the invention provides a vegetable accurate fertilization device and a control method technical scheme, which comprises a tractor body 1, wheels 2 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the tractor body 1, a soil detection assembly 3 is arranged on the outer side of each wheel 2, and each soil detection assembly 3 comprises a rotary drum 301, a connecting block 302, an adjusting plate 303, a lifting rod 304, a steel wire rope 305, a servo motor 306, a wire wheel 307, a rear end pipe 308, a buffer rod 309, a front end pipe 310, a spring 311, a sliding rod 312, a grounding turntable 313, a soil detection sensor 314, a limiting ring 315 and a first positioning screw 316;
the middle part of the side surface of the wheel 2 positioned at the front end of the tractor body 1 is welded with a rotary drum 301, a connecting block 302 is rotatably arranged in the rotary drum 301, the connecting block 302 is welded at one end of each adjusting plate 303, one side of the middle parts of the two adjusting plates 303 are respectively connected with two ends of a lifting rod 304, one end of a steel wire rope 305 is connected with the middle part of the lifting rod 304, a servo motor 306 is arranged at one end middle part of the top surface of the tractor body 1, the contact position of the rotary drum 301 and the connecting block 302 is a smooth curved surface, the input end of the servo motor 306 is electrically connected with the output end of an external power supply, the rotary drum 301 is conveniently rotated outside the connecting block 302, the output shaft end of the servo motor 306 is connected with a wire wheel 307, and the other end of the steel wire rope 305 is connected with the middle part of the wire wheel 307;
the rear end pipe 308 is rotatably arranged at one end of the adjusting plate 303, one end of the rear end pipe 308 is slidably connected with the buffer rod 309, one end, far away from the rear end pipe 308, of the buffer rod 309 is slidably sleeved with the front end pipe 310, two ends of the buffer rod 309 are positioned at the inner parts of the front end pipe 310 and the rear end pipe 308, all the front end pipes 310 are welded at two ends of the sliding rod 312 respectively, the rear end pipe 308 and the front end pipe 310 are identical in size, the ends of the springs 311 positioned inside the rear end pipe 308 and the front end pipe 310 are correspondingly and fixedly connected with the inner bottom ends of the rear end pipe 308 and the front end pipe 310 respectively, the rear end pipe 308 and the front end pipe 310 are conveniently slid along the sliding rod 312, the rear end pipe 308 and the front end pipe 310 are prevented from being separated from the sliding rod 312, two ends of the sliding rod 312 are symmetrically sleeved with the grounding rotary disk 313 in a sliding mode, soil quality detection sensors 314 are uniformly arranged at the edge positions of the sliding rod 312, two sides of the grounding rotary disk 313 are slidably sleeved with limiting rings 315, and the top surfaces of the limiting rings 315 are penetrated by screw holes 316.
One end of the front end pipe 310 is connected with a detection preparation assembly 4, and the detection preparation assembly 4 comprises a front rotating plate 401, an end rod 402, a limit box 403, a middle plate 404, a soil dividing plate 405, a second positioning screw 406, a soil covering plate 407 and an arc plate 408;
The rear end of the tractor body 1 is provided with a preparation and fertilization assembly 5, and the preparation and fertilization assembly 5 comprises a mounting plate 501, a guide box 502, a screw rod 503, a lifting block 504, a rotating rod 505, a fertilization frame 506, a preparation box 507, a spray head 508, a medicament box 509, a medicament tube 510, a medicament electric current limiting valve 511, a water tank 512, a water pipe 513, a water and electricity current limiting valve 514, an air pump 515, an air pipe 516, an air hole 517 and a supporting wheel 518;
the rear end of the tractor body 1 is provided with a mounting plate 501 through screws, guide boxes 502 are symmetrically welded on two sides of the mounting plate 501, a lead screw 503 is installed in the middle of the inside of the guide boxes 502 in a penetrating manner, the bottom end of the lead screw 503 is sleeved with a lifting block 504 through threads, one end of the lifting block 504 is connected with a rotating rod 505 through a rotating shaft, two sides of the lifting block 504 are attached to the inner wall of the guide boxes 502, two rotating rods 505 are respectively welded on two ends of a long rod so as to facilitate the lifting block 504 to slide in the guide boxes 502, one end of each rotating rod 505 is respectively welded on two ends of one side of a fertilization frame 506, a preparation box 507 is symmetrically installed in a penetrating manner on one side of the top surface of the fertilization frame 506, a spray head 508 is evenly installed on the bottom end of the preparation box 507, one side of the preparation box 507 is provided with a medicament box 509 on the top surface of the fertilization frame 506, the bottom end of the medicament box 509 is connected with the top surface of the preparation box 507 through a medicament tube 510, one side of the medicament tube 510 is provided with a medicament electric current limiting valve 511, the other side of the preparation box 507 is provided with a water tank 512 on the top surface of the fertilization frame 506, the bottom end is connected with the top surface of the preparation box 513 through a water tube 513, one side of the water electric current limiting valve 514 is installed on one side of the water pipe, the soil sensor output end is electrically connected with an external controller input end of the soil sensor 314, the output end is symmetrically, respectively, one side of the output end of the external controller 506 is respectively, at the output end is connected with the electrical control valve 506 is electrically and the output end of the electrical control valve 506, respectively, and the output end is electrically connected with the electrical power source 516, and the output end of the electrical valve is electrically and the electrical valve is electrically connected with the electrical valve and the electrical valve.
As shown in fig. 9, the control method of the vegetable precision fertilization device comprises the following steps:
s1: and (3) component installation: the connecting block 302 is rotatably arranged in the rotary drum 301, the servo motor 306 drives the wire wheel 307 to rotate, the adjusting plate 303 rotates until the grounding turntable 313 is grounded, and the mounting plate 501 is arranged at the rear end of the tractor body 1 through screws;
s2: adjusting alignment: dividing a farmland into a plurality of grids, loosening a first positioning screw 316 and a second positioning screw 406, adjusting the distance between the grounding turnplates 313 according to the divided grids, then pulling a limit box 403 and the grounding turnplates 313 to align along an end rod 402, fixing the first positioning screw 316 and the second positioning screw 406, rotating a screw rod 503, lifting a lifting block 504, adjusting the angle between a fertilizing frame 506 and the ground, and changing the spraying height and angle;
s3: detecting soil quality: the tractor body 1 is started, the wheels 2 rotate to push the soil detection assembly 3 to advance, the limit boxes 403 and the soil dividing plates 405 open grooves and jack up broken stones, the soil covering plates 407 push loose soil into the grooves in a squeezing mode, and the ground rotating disc 313 rotates and meanwhile the soil detection sensors 314 intermittently penetrate into the loose soil to detect the soil;
s4: dispensing and spraying: the detected soil property is transferred to the controller, the controller controls and opens the medicament electric current limiting valve 511 and the water electric current limiting valve 514 respectively, under the action of gravity, concentrated medicament and water flow into the preparation box 507, the proportion of the concentrated medicament and the water is changed according to the soil property, gas sprayed by the air pump 515 is discharged through the air hole 517, and the air pressure is increased while the liquid medicament is mixed, so that the liquid medicament is conveniently sprayed out through the spray head 508.
The working principle and the using flow of the invention are as follows: dividing a farmland into a plurality of grids, when fertilization operation in a certain grid is carried out, a connecting block 302 is rotatably installed in a rotary drum 301, a servo motor 306 drives a wire wheel 307 to rotate, an adjusting plate 303 rotates until a grounding rotary table 313 is grounded, an installing plate 501 is installed at the rear end of a tractor body 1 through screws, the installation process is completed, a first positioning screw 316 and a second positioning screw 406 are loosened, the spacing of the grounding rotary table 313 is adjusted according to the divided grids, the size of the spacing is adjusted according to the vegetable planting spacing and the size of the grids, then a limiting box 403 is pulled along an end rod 402 to be aligned with the grounding rotary table 313, the first positioning screw 316 and the second positioning screw 406 are fixed, and then the screw 503 is rotated, lifting block 504, adjusting the angle between fertilization frame 506 and the ground, changing the spraying height and angle, starting tractor body 1, rotating wheels 2, pushing soil detection assembly 3 to advance, opening grooves by limit box 403 and soil dividing plate 405, pushing broken stone, pushing loose soil into the grooves by soil covering plate 407, preventing soil with too high hardness and broken stone from damaging detection device, facilitating detection while rotating ground turntable 313, intermittently penetrating soil detection sensor 314 into loose soil while rotating ground turntable 313, continuously transmitting data to control device of operator, and facilitating subsequent fertilization;
after the detected soil property condition is transferred to the controller, the controller controls and opens the electric current limiting valve 511 and the water current limiting valve 514 of the medicament respectively, the total amount of water and the medicament in each grid is the same, under the action of gravity, the concentrated medicament and water flow into the preparation box 507, the proportion of the concentrated medicament and the water changes according to the soil condition in the grid, the gas sprayed by the air pump 515 is discharged through the air holes 517, the air bubbles accelerate the mixing of the concentrated medicament and the water, so that the medicament is more uniform, the air pressure is increased while the liquid medicament is mixed, the liquid medicament is conveniently sprayed out through the spray heads 508, and the operation is repeated after entering the next grid until the fertilization operation of all grids is completed.
The soil property detection component 3 is used for detecting the nutrient composition in the soil to be convenient for prepare fertilization subassembly 5 and fertilize according to actual conditions, the cooperation is used, can make the nutrient composition in the soil more even, and fertilization efficiency is high, detects and prepares subassembly 4 and be used for protecting the soil property detection component, when avoiding the damage of soil property detection component, the earth turntable 313 rotates more steadily, guarantees the degree of accuracy of detection, and three subassembly cooperation is used, better faster completion fertilization process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Accurate fertilizer injection unit of vegetables, including tractor automobile body (1), wheel (2) are installed to tractor automobile body (1) bilateral symmetry, its characterized in that: the soil detection assembly (3) is arranged on the outer side of the wheel (2), and the soil detection assembly (3) comprises a rotary drum (301), a connecting block (302), an adjusting plate (303), a lifting rod (304), a steel wire rope (305), a servo motor (306), a wire wheel (307), a rear end pipe (308), a buffer rod (309), a front end pipe (310), a spring (311), a sliding rod (312), a grounding turntable (313), a soil detection sensor (314), a limiting ring (315) and a first positioning screw (316);
the middle part of the side surface of a wheel (2) positioned at the front end of a tractor body (1) is welded with a rotary drum (301), a connecting block (302) is rotatably arranged in the rotary drum (301), the connecting blocks (302) are welded at one end of an adjusting plate (303), one sides of the middle parts of the two adjusting plates (303) are respectively connected with two ends of a lifting rod (304), one end of a steel wire rope (305) is connected with the middle part of the lifting rod (304), a servo motor (306) is arranged at one middle part of the top surface of the tractor body (1), a wire wheel (307) is connected with the output shaft end of the servo motor (306), and the other end of the steel wire rope (305) is connected with the middle part of the wire wheel (307);
the utility model discloses a soil quality detection sensor, including adjusting plate (303), slide bar (312), buffer rod (309), front end pipe (310) have been cup jointed in the sliding of back end pipe (308) one end sliding connection, buffer rod (309) both ends are in front end pipe (310) and back end pipe (308) inside department all spot welding are connected with spring (311), two front end pipe (310) weld respectively in slide bar (312) both ends, slide bar (312) both ends symmetry sliding sleeve has ground connection carousel (313), ground connection carousel (313) border position department evenly installs soil quality detection sensor (314), slide bar (312) are in ground connection carousel (313) both sides department sliding sleeve has spacing ring (315), spacing ring (315) top surface is through screw through install first positioning screw rod (316);
one end of the front end pipe (310) is connected with a detection preparation assembly (4), and the detection preparation assembly (4) comprises a front rotating plate (401), an end rod (402), a limit box (403), a middle plate (404), a soil separating plate (405), a second positioning screw (406), a soil covering plate (407) and an arc plate (408);
front end pipe (310) one end is connected with front rotating plate (401) one end through the pivot, two front rotating plate (401) one end welded connection respectively in end pole (402) both ends, limit box (403) have been cup jointed in the slip of end pole (402) both ends, limit box (403) inside welding has medium plate (404), medium plate (404) one end welding has soil separating plate (405), second positioning screw (406) are run through installing in limit box (403) top surface middle part through the screw, limit box (403) bilateral symmetry welding has earthing plate (407), earthing plate (407) one end welding has arc (408);
the rear end of the tractor body (1) is provided with a formulated fertilization component (5), the formulated fertilization component (5) comprises a mounting plate (501), a guide box (502), a screw rod (503), a lifting block (504), a rotating rod (505), a fertilization frame (506), a formulated box (507), a spray head (508), a medicament box (509), a medicament pipe (510), a medicament electric current limiting valve (511), a water tank (512), a water delivery pipe (513), a water and electricity current limiting valve (514), an air pump (515), an air pipe (516), an air hole (517) and a supporting wheel (518);
the utility model discloses a tractor automobile body (1) rear end is through screw installation mounting panel (501), mounting panel (501) bilateral symmetry welding has guide box (502), guide box (502) inside middle part is run through and is installed lead screw (503), lead screw (503) bottom has been cup jointed elevating block (504) through the screw, elevating block (504) one end is connected with bull stick (505) through the pivot, two bull stick (505) one end is welded respectively in fertilization frame (506) one side both ends, fertilization frame (506) top surface one side symmetry run through and is installed preparation box (507), preparation box (507) bottom evenly installs shower nozzle (508), preparation box (507) one side is in fertilization frame (506) top surface and is installed medicament box (509) including being in, medicament box (509) bottom is connected with preparation box (507) top surface through medicament pipe (510), medicament pipe (510) middle part one side is installed medicament electric current limiting valve (511), preparation box (507) opposite side is in fertilization frame (506) department and is installed water tank (512), the bottom is connected with top surface (507) through raceway (507) one side and prepares box (506) one side symmetry, dispensing box (514) are close to water pump (514), the air pump (515) is connected with an air pipe (516) at the air outlet end, the air pipe (516) penetrates through the bottom end of the preparation box (507), air holes (517) are uniformly formed in the inner section of the air pipe (516) which is positioned in the preparation box (507), and supporting wheels (518) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the fertilization frame (506).
2. The precise vegetable fertilizing device according to claim 1, wherein the contact position of the rotary drum (301) and the connecting block (302) is a smooth curved surface, the rotary drum (301) and the connecting block (302) are in transition fit, and the input end of the servo motor (306) is electrically connected with the output end of the external power supply.
3. The precise vegetable fertilizer device according to claim 1, wherein the rear end pipe (308) and the front end pipe (310) have the same size, and the ends of the springs (311) positioned inside the rear end pipe (308) and the front end pipe (310) are respectively connected with the bottom ends inside the rear end pipe (308) and the front end pipe (310) by corresponding spot welding.
4. The precise vegetable fertilizer device according to claim 1, wherein the end rod (402) has a regular hexagonal longitudinal section, and the limit box (403) has a longitudinal section.
5. The precise vegetable fertilizer device of claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the limit box (403) exceeds the bottom end of the soil dividing plate (405), and the bottom surface of the soil dividing plate (405) is an acute angle.
6. The precise vegetable fertilizer device according to claim 1, wherein two sides of the lifting block (504) are attached to the inner wall of the guide box (502), and two rotating rods (505) are welded to two ends of the long rod respectively.
7. The precise vegetable fertilizer injection device of claim 1, wherein the output of the soil detection sensor (314) is electrically connected to an external controller input, the external controller output is electrically connected to the medicament electric current limiting valve (511) and the water electric current limiting valve (514), and the external controller input is electrically connected to an external power supply output.
8. The control method of a vegetable precision fertilization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: and (3) component installation: the connecting block (302) is rotatably arranged in the rotary drum (301), the servo motor (306) drives the wire wheel (307) to rotate, the adjusting plate (303) rotates until the grounding rotary table (313) is grounded, and the mounting plate (501) is arranged at the rear end of the tractor body (1) through screws;
s2: adjusting alignment: dividing a farmland into a plurality of grids, loosening a first positioning screw (316) and a second positioning screw (406), adjusting the distance between a grounding turntable (313) according to the divided grids, then pulling a limit box (403) and the grounding turntable (313) to align along an end rod (402), fixing the first positioning screw (316) and the second positioning screw (406), rotating a screw rod (503), lifting a lifting block (504), adjusting the angle between a fertilizing frame (506) and the ground, and changing the spraying height and the angle;
s3: detecting soil quality: the tractor body (1) is started, the wheels (2) rotate to push the soil detection assembly (3) to advance, the limit box (403) and the soil dividing plate (405) open grooves and jack open broken stones, the soil covering plate (407) extrudes and pushes loose soil into the grooves, and the soil detection sensor (314) intermittently penetrates into the loose soil to detect the soil while the grounding turntable (313) rotates;
s4: dispensing and spraying: the detected soil property is transferred to the controller, the controller controls and opens the medicament electric current limiting valve (511) and the water electric current limiting valve (514) respectively, under the action of gravity, concentrated medicament and water flow into the preparation box (507), the proportion of the concentrated medicament and the water changes according to the soil property, gas sprayed by the air pump (515) is discharged through the air hole (517), and the air pressure is increased while the liquid medicament is mixed, so that the liquid medicament is conveniently sprayed out through the spray head (508).
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| CN116058149A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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