CN116000682A - Shared tool changing device of vertical-horizontal combined pentahedron machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a shared tool changing device of a vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining center, which comprises a slide rail part for transmission by a pulley frame, a tool changing mechanical arm part for grabbing a tool, a pulley frame, a main shaft and a driving device. During the tool change process, the pulley frame moves on the guide rail with the help of the plunger motor and the needle roller bearing. There is a positioning slot inside to monitor the position of the pulley frame. After reaching the position of the tool magazine, use the telescopic cylinder to perform the up and down telescopic function of the mechanical arm; the end of the mechanical arm is equipped with a reverse motor, which can be turned 180 degrees horizontally, and the pulley frame is equipped with a 90-degree vertical elevation angle telescopic cylinder, which can be used for horizontal Spindle tool clamping and vertical spindle tool clamping. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can realize vertical and horizontal two-way tool change functions in one tool changer, and overcomes the defects of low working efficiency caused by using vertical or horizontal tool changer alone. It can save the space of the machining center and reduce the cost of the machining center.

Description

A shared tool changing device for vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining centers

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of advanced manufacturing equipment, more precisely, it relates to a shared tool changing device for a vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining center.

Background technique

Machining center (CNC, Computerized Numerical Control) is a highly automated multifunctional CNC machine tool with tool magazine and automatic tool changer.

The existing vertical and horizontal machining center machine tools are usually equipped with two sets of tool changing mechanisms on the vertical spindle and the horizontal spindle respectively, and there are tool storages at the positions of the spindles on both sides of the vertical and horizontal spindles, which has complex structures in terms of spatial layout and large footprint and other problems, and the manufacturing cost is high, and the utilization rate of the tool changing device is low.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and propose a shared tool changing device for vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining centers.

In the first aspect, a shared tool changing device for a vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining center is provided, including:

The slide rail parts for the pulley frame to transfer, the tool changer arm parts for grabbing the tool, the pulley frame, the spindle and the driving device;

The slide rail component includes a linear rack, an arc rack, a linear guide rail, an arc guide rail, a positioning groove, and two upper and lower slide rails; wherein, the linear rack and the arc rack are connected; the The linear guide rail and the arc guide rail are connected; the positioning groove is located inside the slide rail component;

The tool change mechanical arm part includes a mechanical arm, a knife claw, a knife handle, a reverse motor and an oil cylinder; wherein, the knife claw is installed at both ends of the mechanical arm for clamping the knife handle; the reverse The motor is located at the upper end of the mechanical arm, and the oil cylinder is located at the lower end of the mechanical arm;

The pulley frame includes a slider, a gasket, a special-shaped retaining ring and a needle bearing;

The main shaft includes a vertical main shaft column on the right side of the pulley frame and a horizontal main shaft column at the lower end of the pulley frame;

The driving device includes a plunger motor, a driving gear, a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod, two left and right elevation angle telescopic cylinders and two left and right elevation angle telescopic rods; wherein, the plunger motor is installed on the pulley frame, and the column The driving gear is connected to the drive shaft at the lower end of the plug motor; the telescopic cylinder is installed on the outer wall surface of the mechanical arm, and the telescopic rod is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder; the elevation telescopic cylinder is installed on the pulley frame, and the elevation telescopic The rod is installed on the telescopic end of the elevation angle telescopic cylinder.

Preferably, the rear end of the slide rail component is fixed on the CNC machine tool through a bracket.

Preferably, the slider is slidably connected to the upper and lower slide rails, the upper and lower gaskets are respectively attached to the outer sides of the upper and lower sliders, and the special-shaped retaining ring is attached to the upper part of the gasket; the needle bearing is installed on the top of the pulley frame. plane and subplane.

Preferably, two special-shaped retaining rings and eight needle bearings are respectively installed on the upper and lower gaskets.

Preferably, guide shafts for axial positioning of the telescopic rod are installed on both sides of the telescopic cylinder.

In the second aspect, a working method of a shared tool changing device of a vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining center is provided, including:

Step 1. Horizontal spindle tool change: Take out the old tool on the horizontal spindle column under the clamping action of the telescopic cylinder and the claw; the plunger motor drives the drive gear to rotate, so that the pulley frame moves on the slide rail components; through positioning The groove controls the position of the pulley frame. After the pulley frame reaches the designated tool magazine position, the telescopic cylinder is used to expand and contract the mechanical arm up and down; after the new tool is taken out under the clamping action of the telescopic cylinder and the claw, the mechanical arm is stretched again and passed the reverse motor. Turn the mechanical arm horizontally by 180 degrees, put the original tool of the spindle held by the claw at the other end into the tool magazine, and return to the original position through the driving device again; install the replacement tool on the horizontal spindle column;

Step 2. Vertical spindle tool change: Use the elevation telescopic cylinder to make the mechanical arm rotate 90 degrees vertically, and change the horizontal spindle column aligned with the original vertical direction into the vertical spindle column aligned with the horizontal direction; the tool handle The tool change action of the vertical spindle is realized in the vertical direction.

Preferably, in step 1, the telescopic rod is pushed hydraulically to move the mechanical arm up and down; in step 2, the elevation angle piston rod is pushed hydraulically to make the mechanical arm 6 turn over 90 degrees vertically.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention can realize vertical and horizontal two-way tool changing functions in one tool changing device, which overcomes the defects of low work efficiency and low utilization rate of tool changing devices caused by using vertical or horizontal tool changing devices alone. , It can also save the space of the machining center and reduce the cost of the machining center.

2. In the present invention, gaskets are arranged on the slider, which can reduce the friction between the slider and the guide rail; and special-shaped retaining rings are arranged on the gasket, which can improve the precision and stability of sliding.

3. In the present invention, positioning grooves are provided on the slide rails for monitoring the position of the pulley frame, and then can control the precise movement of the pulley frame.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the tool changing process of the mechanical arm of the tool changing device of a vertical and horizontal composite machining center;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of a tool changing device of a vertical-horizontal compound machining center and a clamping vertical spindle;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a tool changing device of a vertical-horizontal compound machining center and a clamping horizontal spindle;

Fig. 4 is a side view structural schematic diagram of a tool changing device of a vertical-horizontal compound machining center;

Fig. 5 is a top structural schematic diagram of a tool changing device of a vertical and horizontal composite machining center;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a clamping assembly structure of a vertical and horizontal composite machining center;

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of a tool changing device of a vertical-horizontal compound machining center;

Explanation of reference signs: 1. Linear rack, 2. Arc rack, 3. Linear guide rail, 4. Arc guide rail, 5. Positioning slot, 6. Mechanical arm, 7. Claw, 8. Knife handle, 9 .Reverse motor, 10. Oil cylinder, 11. Vertical spindle column, 12. Slider, 13. Gasket, 14. Special-shaped retaining ring, 15. Needle roller bearing, 16. Bracket, 17. Plunger motor, 18. Drive gear, 19. Telescopic cylinder, 20. Telescopic rod, 21. Guide shaft, 22. Elevation telescopic cylinder, 23. Elevation telescopic rod, 24. Slide rail, 25. Horizontal spindle column.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples. The description of the following examples is provided only to aid the understanding of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Example 1:

A shared tool changing device for a vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining center, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5, including: a slide rail part for transmission by a pulley frame, a tool changing mechanical arm part for grabbing a tool, and a pulley frame , the main shaft and the driving device; the tool magazine is located on the left side of the pulley frame, the slide rail components are installed on the inside of the pulley frame, the driving device is installed on the pulley frame, and the tool changing mechanical arm parts are installed on the lower end of the pulley frame.

The slide rail components include a linear rack 1, an arc rack 2, a linear guide rail 3, an arc guide rail 4, a positioning groove 5, and two upper and lower slide rails 24 for the movement of the needle bearing 15; wherein, the upper and lower outer sides of the slide rail components are The slide rail 24 for the movement of the needle roller bearing 15, the linear rack 1 for the drive gear and the arc rack 2 for the movement of the curve in the middle, the linear rack 1 and the arc rack 2 are connected; the straight line The guide rail 3 is connected to the arc guide rail 4; the positioning groove 5 is located inside the slide rail component, and is used for detecting the moving position of the pulley frame.

The tool changing mechanical arm components include a mechanical arm 6, a knife claw 7, a knife handle 8, a reverse motor 9 and an oil cylinder 10; wherein, the knife claw 7 is installed at both ends of the mechanical arm 6 for clamping the knife handle 8; The motor 9 is located at the upper end of the mechanical arm 6, and the oil cylinder 10 is located at the lower end of the mechanical arm 6. Through the action of the oil cylinder 10, the reversing motor 9 is driven to move, so that the mechanical arm 6 can turn over 180 degrees horizontally. And through the driving device, the tool changing mechanical arm can be moved in various ways, and the knife handle 8 can be clamped by the knife claw 7 to perform the tool changing work.

The pulley frame includes a slider 12, a gasket 13, a special-shaped retaining ring 14 and a needle bearing 15; the slider 12 is slidably connected with the upper and lower rails 24, and the two sliders are respectively located on the outer side of the upper rail and the outer side of the lower rail, two upper and lower The gaskets 13 are respectively attached to the outer sides of the upper and lower sliders 12. The gaskets 13 are used to reduce the friction between the slider and the guide rail. The special-shaped retaining ring 14 is attached to the upper part of the gaskets 13 to improve the sliding accuracy and stability. Property; Needle bearing 15 is installed on the upper plane and the lower plane inside the pulley frame. Two special-shaped retaining rings 14 and eight needle roller bearings 15 are installed on the upper and lower spacers 13 respectively, totaling four special-shaped retaining rings 14 and sixteen needle roller bearings 15 . The pulley frame is installed on the support 16. And, the rear end of the slide rail component is fixed on the numerically controlled machine tool through the bracket 16 .

The main shaft includes a vertical main shaft column 11 on the right side of the pulley frame and a horizontal main shaft column 25 (as shown in FIG. 3 ) located at the lower end of the pulley frame.

As shown in Figure 7, the driving device includes a plunger motor 17, a drive gear 18, a telescopic cylinder 19, a telescopic rod 20, a guide shaft 21, two left and right elevation angle telescopic cylinders 22 and two left and right elevation angle telescopic rods 23; wherein, the plunger The motor 17 is installed on the pulley frame, and is provided with an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole. The driving gear 18 is connected to the transmission shaft at the lower end of the plunger motor 17, and the driving gear 18 is driven by the plunger motor 17 to rotate, thereby moving the pulley frame; telescopic cylinder 19 is installed on the outer wall surface of mechanical arm 6, and telescopic rod 20 is installed on the telescopic end of telescopic cylinder 19, as shown in Figure 6, pushes telescopic rod 20 by hydraulic pressure, makes mechanical arm 6 move up and down; The guide shaft 21 axially positioned on the telescopic rod 20; the elevation telescopic cylinder 22 is installed on the pulley frame, the elevation telescopic rod 23 is installed on the telescopic end of the elevation telescopic cylinder 22, and the elevation piston rod 23 is pushed by hydraulic pressure to make the tool changing mechanical arm 6 to achieve a vertical 90-degree turn.

The tool changing device of the vertical and horizontal machining center made by the technical solution of the present invention uses the plunger motor 17 and the needle bearing 15 to make the pulley frame move on the slide rail components, and a positioning groove 5 is arranged inside to control the position of the pulley frame . After arriving at the designated tool magazine position, use the telescopic cylinder 19 to perform the up and down telescopic function of the mechanical arm 6; the end of the mechanical arm 6 is equipped with a reverse motor 9, which can be turned 180 degrees horizontally, and both ends are equipped with claws 7, which can be stored at the same time Two knives, after taking out the new knives under the clamping action of the telescopic cylinder 19 and the knife claw 7, stretch the mechanical arm again and turn it over 180 degrees, put the original tool of the main shaft clamped by the other end of the knife claw 7 into the tool magazine, and again Return to the original position through the driving device; in addition, there is a vertical 90-degree elevation telescopic cylinder 22 at the driving end, which can carry out horizontal spindle tool clamping and vertical spindle tool clamping. After the reverse operation, the tool changer arm is used to exchange and align the tool changer. The tool changer arm is driven on the rack through the guide rail to reach the processing position. It overcomes the defects of low working efficiency and low utilization rate of the tool changing device caused by using the vertical or horizontal tool changing device alone. In addition, it can save the space of the machining center and reduce the cost of the machining center.

Example 2:

A working method of a shared tool changing device of a vertical and horizontal compound pentahedron machining center, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:

Step 1. Tool change on the horizontal spindle: Take out the old tool on the horizontal spindle column 25 under the clamping action of the telescopic cylinder 19 and the claw 7; Move up; control the position of the pulley frame through the positioning groove 5, after the pulley frame reaches the designated tool magazine position, use the telescopic cylinder 19 to perform the up and down telescopic movement of the mechanical arm 6; after taking out the new tool under the clamping action of the telescopic cylinder 19 and the claw 7 , stretch the mechanical arm 6 again and turn the mechanical arm 6 horizontally by 180 degrees through the reverse motor 9, put the original tool of the main shaft held by the claw 7 at the other end into the tool magazine, and return to the original position through the driving device again; The cutting tool is installed on the horizontal spindle column 25;

Step 2, vertical spindle tool change: Use the elevation telescopic cylinder 22 to make the mechanical arm 6 rotate vertically by 90 degrees, and change the horizontal spindle column 25 aligned with the original vertical direction into a vertical spindle column aligned with the horizontal direction 11; The tool handle 8 realizes the tool change action of the vertical spindle in the vertical direction.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a compound pentahedron machining center sharing formula tool changing device crouches, which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a sliding rail component for conveying a pulley frame, a tool changing mechanical arm component for grabbing a tool, the pulley frame, a main shaft and a driving device;

the sliding rail component comprises a linear rack (1), an arc rack (2), a linear guide rail (3), an arc guide rail (4), a positioning groove (5) and an upper sliding rail and a lower sliding rail (24); wherein the linear rack (1) is connected with the circular arc rack (2); the linear guide rail (3) is connected with the circular arc guide rail (4); the positioning groove (5) is positioned in the sliding rail component;

the tool changing mechanical arm component comprises a mechanical arm (6), a tool claw (7), a tool handle (8), a reversing motor (9) and an oil cylinder (10); the cutter claw (7) is arranged at two ends of the mechanical arm (6) and used for clamping the cutter handle (8); the reversing motor (9) is positioned at the upper end of the mechanical arm (6), and the oil cylinder (10) is positioned at the lower end of the mechanical arm (6);

the pulley frame comprises a sliding block (12), a gasket (13), a special-shaped retainer ring (14) and a needle bearing (15);

the main shaft comprises a vertical main shaft column (11) positioned on the right side of the pulley frame and a horizontal main shaft column (25) positioned at the lower end of the pulley frame;

the driving device comprises a plunger motor (17), a driving gear (18), a telescopic cylinder (19), a telescopic rod (20), a left elevation telescopic cylinder (22) and a right elevation telescopic cylinder (23); the plunger motor (17) is arranged on the pulley yoke, and a driving gear (18) is connected to a transmission shaft at the lower end of the plunger motor (17); the telescopic cylinder (19) is arranged on the outer side wall surface of the mechanical arm (6), and the telescopic rod (20) is arranged on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (19); an elevation angle telescopic cylinder (22) is mounted on the pulley frame, and an elevation angle telescopic rod (23) is mounted on a telescopic end of the elevation angle telescopic cylinder (22).

2. The shared tool changing device of the vertical and horizontal combined pentahedron machining center according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the slide rail component is fixed on the numerical control machine tool through a bracket (16).

3. The shared tool changing device of the vertical and horizontal combined pentahedron machining center according to claim 1, wherein the sliding block (12) is in sliding connection with an upper sliding rail (24) and a lower sliding rail (24), the upper gasket (13) and the lower gasket (13) are respectively attached to the outer sides of the upper sliding block (12) and the lower sliding block (12), and the special-shaped retainer ring (14) is attached to the upper part of the gaskets (13); the needle roller bearing (15) is arranged on the upper plane and the lower plane inside the pulley frame.

4. The shared tool changing device of the vertical and horizontal combined pentahedron machining center according to claim 3, wherein two special-shaped check rings (14) and eight needle bearings (15) are respectively arranged on the upper gasket (13) and the lower gasket (13).

5. The shared tool changing device of the vertical and horizontal combined pentahedron machining center according to claim 1, wherein guide shafts (21) for axially positioning the telescopic rods (20) are installed on two sides of the telescopic cylinders (19).

6. A method of operating the shared tool changer of the vertical and horizontal composite pentahedron machining center of claim 1, comprising:

step 1, replacing a horizontal spindle tool: taking out the old cutter on the horizontal spindle post (25) under the clamping action of the telescopic cylinder (19) and the cutter claw (7); the plunger motor (17) drives the driving gear (18) to rotate, so that the pulley frame moves on the sliding rail component; the position of the pulley frame is controlled through the positioning groove (5), and after the pulley frame reaches the position of the designated tool magazine, the mechanical arm (6) stretches up and down by utilizing the stretching cylinder (19); after a new cutter is taken out under the clamping action of the telescopic cylinder (19) and the cutter claw (7), the mechanical arm (6) is again telescopic, the mechanical arm (6) is horizontally turned over by 180 degrees through the reversing motor (9), the original cutter of the main shaft clamped by the cutter claw (7) at the other end is placed into the cutter magazine, and the original position is returned through the driving device; mounting a replacement tool to the horizontal spindle post (25);

step 2, replacing a tool by a vertical spindle: the mechanical arm (6) is enabled to rotate vertically by 90 degrees by utilizing the elevation angle telescopic cylinder (22), and a horizontal main shaft column (25) aligned with the original vertical direction is changed into a vertical main shaft column (11) aligned with the horizontal direction; the knife handle (8) realizes the tool changing action of the vertical main shaft in the vertical direction.

7. The working method of the shared tool changing device of the vertical and horizontal combined pentahedron machining center according to claim 6, wherein in the step 1, the mechanical arm (6) is moved up and down by pushing the telescopic rod (20) through hydraulic pressure; in the step (2), the elevation angle piston rod (23) is pushed by hydraulic pressure, so that the mechanical arm (6) can realize vertical 90-degree overturning.

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