CN115997600A - Cultivation method for promoting bamboo shoots in moso bamboo forest through underground whip regulation and control - Google Patents
Cultivation method for promoting bamboo shoots in moso bamboo forest through underground whip regulation and control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens, and in particular relates to a cultivation method for promoting phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground firecrackers, which mainly comprises the following steps: land selection, forest land reclamation, bamboo whip pruning, watering irrigation and fertilization management. The ground is selected to be gentle in selected topography, and the gradient is about 10 degrees; the reclamation of the forest land is strip reclamation, and the soil is kept loose; the bamboo whip is trimmed to break the whip according to age, time and other factors so as to eliminate the top end advantage of the whip, promote the lateral bud development and increase the harvesting amount of the whip shoots; watering irrigation is carried out for about 15 days when the forest land is continuously drought, one-time watering irrigation reaches 85% of the field water holding capacity, and quick growth of flagella is ensured; the fertilization management is that fertilization is carried out for 3 times in one time. According to the cultivation method provided by the invention, the forests are cultivated by the strip in alternate years, so that half of labor force can be saved; the bamboo whips are guided to extend to the loose reclamation coverage area through reclamation to create a loose soil environment, so that a whip bamboo shoot high-emergence area is formed, and the yield of the whip bamboo shoots is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens and particularly relates to a cultivation method for promoting phyllostachys pubescens and phyllostachys pubescens through underground whip regulation.
Background
Phyllostachys pubescens (Phyllostachys pubescens) is a single-axis scattered evergreen arbor bamboo plant of Phyllostachys of Gramineae. Moso bamboo has developed underground whip root system, and Mao Zhubian bamboo shoot is the tender part of the front end of underground whip. The bamboo shoots are delicious in taste, have high nutritive value, are deeply favored by consumers, and have wide consumer markets. However, at present, the cultivation method of the bamboo shoots in the phyllostachys pubescens is mainly adopted for the cultivation of the bamboo shoots in the phyllostachys pubescens by adopting the traditional cultivation method of the overground structure management such as the density of the bamboo shoots and the like, and the cultivation method of the underground firecrackers in the phyllostachys pubescens is omitted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for promoting the cultivation of the firecracker bamboo shoots by regulating and controlling the underground firecracker, which aims to solve the problem that the cultivation of the firecracker bamboo shoots mainly adopts the cultivation method of the traditional overground structure management such as the density of the bamboo, and the like in the prior art, and omits the cultivation method of the underground firecracker of the firecracker.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in a phyllostachys pubescens forest by regulating and controlling underground whips, which comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting vertically;
step two, reclamation of the forest land;
step three, bamboo whip pruning and harvesting;
and fourthly, watering, irrigating and fertilizing management.
In the above cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots of the phyllostachys pubescens under the control of the underground penis, the site in the first step is specifically selected from a slope with gentle topography and a gradient of about 8-12 degrees, and the bamboo shoots cultivated by the phyllostachys pubescens can be loose, breathable and rich in soil and serve as a cultivation base of the bamboo shoots.
In the cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in the moso bamboo forests through underground whip regulation, an optional scheme is adopted, and in the second step, the forests are cultivated in a strip mode, namely, the comprehensive cultivation is realized every two years, the cultivation bandwidth is 2.5m, the belt interval is 2.5m, the depth is 15-20cm, and the soil is kept loose.
In the above cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in the moso bamboo forest by regulating and controlling the underground whip, the bamboo whips in the third step are trimmed and harvested, and the bamboo whips are specifically subjected to whip breaking or whip cutting treatment according to three factors of the age, month and whip type of the bamboo whips, so that the growth of the bamboo whips is regulated.
In the above cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in the moso bamboo forest by regulating and controlling the underground whip, an optional scheme is provided, and the treatment of breaking or cutting the whip is as follows according to the time factor:
5 to 6 months each year, and pruning and harvesting the 20% intensity;
the pruning and harvesting strength is 40% -50% in the year from 6 months to 7 months and 20 days;
the pruning and harvesting strength is 80% -90% from 7 months to 9 months and 20 days each year;
after trimming is guaranteed to be 1m 2 The bamboo whip branch points in the forest are 30-40.
In the cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in the moso bamboo forest by regulating and controlling the underground whip, the ages of the bamboo whips are divided into aged whips, strong whips and young whips, wherein the trimming length of the aged whips is 40-50cm, the trimming length of the strong whips is 30-40cm, and the trimming length of the young whips is 20-30cm.
In the cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in the moso bamboo forest by regulating and controlling the underground whip, the bamboo whip is divided into an upper whip, a lower whip and an overlapped whip, wherein the trimming measure of the upper whip is trimming 25-35cm, the trimming measure of the lower whip is trimming 35-45cm, the trimming measure of the overlapped whip is selecting an outward growing whip bud to break the whip, and the trimming length is 30-35cm.
The underground whip is used for regulating and controlling and promoting the bamboo shoots in the phyllostachys pubescens forestIn the cultivation method, an optional scheme is adopted, and the watering irrigation and fertilization pipeline is used for ensuring quick growth of flagella after 14-16 days of continuous drought of the cultivation base, and the watering irrigation reaches 85% of the field water holding capacity at one time; the fertilization management is specifically to fertilize 3 times in one time, wherein the young year of the spring bamboo shoots is 4 months, and the compound fertilizer is 900kg/hm 2 The nutrient ratio is N, wherein K=6:2:1; applying 750kg/hm compound fertilizer to 8 months of spring bamboo shoots 2 The nutrient ratio is N, wherein K=3:2:1; applying 800kg/hm organic fertilizer to 1 month of spring bamboo shoots 2 。
The invention provides a cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in the phyllostachys pubescens through underground whip regulation, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the gradient of the bamboo shoot cultivation base is gentle, the soil layer is deep, and Mao Zhubian systems are not easy to grow out of the ground surface; the selected cultivation base is convenient to transport, and production data and products are convenient to transport.
2. The forests are cultivated in strips every other year, so that half of labor force can be saved compared with the annual comprehensive cultivation; in addition, based on the loose tendency of the bamboo whips, a loose soil environment is created through reclamation, and the bamboo whips are guided to extend to a loose reclamation area, so that a whip bamboo shoot high-emergence area is formed.
3. Starting from the ecological characteristics of underground whips of phyllostachys pubescens, the whip shoots can be harvested by reasonable pruning, a section of nutrient relatively enriched area is formed, the transformation from the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth is promoted, and 3-8 whip shoots are returned to form a high-bamboo shoot-sending area at a pruning node, so that the probability of whip shoot sending is further improved, and the yield of whip shoots is increased.
4. The growth of the whip shoots needs sufficient water, the weather of the whip shoots is drought and rainless, when the water demand of the woodland reaches a critical point, water irrigation is needed, surface soil is kept moist, the restriction of water stress on the growth of the whip shoots is overcome, more whip shoots are promoted, and when the whip shoots grow to a certain degree, the whip shoots can be harvested again. The fertilizer is applied for three times at each degree, the fertilizer is applied in the maximum efficiency period and two nutrition critical periods of the fertilizer in the bamboo forest, and the chemical fertilizer is applied to the forest land in combination with the organic fertilizer, so that the soil fertilizer in the forest land can be maintained and improved, and the required nutrients are provided for the growth of the bamboo shoots in the moso bamboo forest.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing steps of a method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whips, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific cases:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots of phyllostachys pubescens through underground whip regulation, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting a ground in the first step; specifically, a slope land with gentle topography and gradient of about 10 degrees is selected, and a moso bamboo forest with loose and breathable soil and rich and wet soil is used as a moso bamboo shoot cultivation base, wherein the moso bamboo shoot cultivation base is marked for Mao Zhuda hours respectively, and the moso bamboo shoot cultivation base is artificially divided according to the yield of bamboo whips for Mao Zhuda hours.
The forest land reclamation in the second step; the method is characterized in that the strip is cultivated every year, namely, the full cultivation is realized every two years, the cultivation bandwidth is 2.5m, the interval between the strips is 2.5m, the depth is 15-20cm, and the soil is kept loose.
Pruning and harvesting bamboo whips in the third step; specifically, the method comprises the steps of conducting the treatment of breaking or chopping the firecrackers according to three factors of the age, month and the type of the firecrackers, and adjusting the growth of the firecrackers.
The treatment of breaking or chopping the whip according to the time factor is as follows: 5 to 6 months each year, and pruning and harvesting the 20% intensity; the pruning and harvesting strength is 40% -50% in the year from 6 months to 7 months and 20 days; the pruning and harvesting strength is 80% -90% from 7 months to 9 months and 20 days each year; after trimming is guaranteed to be 1m 2 The bamboo whip branch points in the forest are 30-40.
The bamboo whip is divided into aged whip, strong whip and young whip, wherein the trimming length of the aged whip is 40-50cm, the trimming length of the strong whip is 30-40cm, and the trimming length of the young whip is 20-30cm. Specific judgment criteria refer to Table 1
The bamboo whip types in table 1 are divided into an upper whip, a lower whip and an overlapped whip, wherein the trimming measure of the upper whip is trimming 25-35cm, the trimming measure of the lower whip is trimming 35-45cm, the trimming measure of the overlapped whip is selecting the position of the whip bud growing outwards to break the whip, and the trimming length is 30-35cm. Specific reference to table 2 is the bamboo whip type judgment standard:
TABLE 2
And fourthly, watering, irrigating and fertilizing management. The watering irrigation and fertilization pipeline is characterized in that when the cultivation base is continuously drought for 14-16 days, the watering irrigation reaches 85% of the field water holding capacity at one time, and quick growth of flagella is ensured; the fertilization management is specifically to fertilize 3 times in one time, wherein the young year of the spring bamboo shoots is 4 months, and the compound fertilizer is 900kg/hm 2 The nutrient ratio is N, wherein K=6:2:1; applying 750kg/hm compound fertilizer to 8 months of spring bamboo shoots 2 The nutrient ratio is N, wherein K=3:2:1; applying 800kg/hm organic fertilizer to 1 month of spring bamboo shoots 2 。
Example 2:
experiments for promoting cultivation of firecracker bamboo shoots in underground whip regulation were carried out in three-kernel county of Ichikungunya in Liwater city of Zhejiang in 4 months 2016 to 11 months 2020. 5 moso bamboo forests (with obvious size and years) with gentle topography, gradient of about 10 degrees, loose and breathable soil and rich and wet soil are selected as cultivation sample areas of the moso bamboo shoots, and the sample area is 25m multiplied by 25m.
The strip reclamation is carried out in the sample land every other year, the reclamation bandwidth is 2.5m, the belt interval is 2.5m, the depth is 15-20cm, namely, the comprehensive reclamation is realized every two years, and the soil is kept loose.
According to the age and time of the bamboo whips, the underground whips of the moso bamboo are properly trimmed, the whip tips are cut off, the bamboo shoots are picked, and the growth of the bamboo whips is regulated. The method comprises the following steps:
1) 5 months, the underground whip starts to grow, and the pruning and harvesting strength is 20%;
2) The pruning and harvesting strength is 40% -50% after 6-7 months and 20 days;
3) The pruning and cutting strength is 80% -90% after 7 months 20 days to 9 months 20 days;
4) Guaranteed to be 1m 2 The number of the bamboo whip bifurcation points in the inner part is 30-40.
When the forest lands are continuously drought for about 15 days, the water is irrigated to 85% of the field water holding capacity at one time, so that the quick growth of the flagella is ensured.
The fertilization management is to implement management measures of once fertilization for 3 times, and specifically comprises the following steps:
applying 900kg/hm compound fertilizer to 4 months of spring bamboo shoots 2 The nutrient ratio is N, and K=6:2:1.
Applying 750kg/hm compound fertilizer to 8 months of spring bamboo shoots 2 The nutrient ratio is N, and K=3:2:1.
Applying 800kg/hm organic fertilizer to 1 month of spring bamboo shoots 2 。
The cultivation effect is as follows: the amount of bamboo shoots harvested in the sample plot was recorded each year and the data converted to yield per mu, as detailed in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the principles and embodiments of the present invention in order that the detailed description thereof herein may be better understood, and in order that the present invention may be better understood; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (8)
1. A cultivation method for promoting the bamboo shoots in moso bamboo groves by regulating and controlling underground whips is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, selecting vertically;
step two, reclamation of the forest land;
step three, bamboo whip pruning and harvesting;
and fourthly, watering, irrigating and fertilizing management.
2. The method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whip according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the vertical selection in the first step is specifically to select a slope with gentle topography and 8-12 degrees, wherein the moso bamboo forest with loose and breathable soil and rich and moist soil is used as a moso bamboo rhizome culture medium.
3. The method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whip according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the reclamation of the forest land in the second step is specifically that the reclamation of the strip is realized every two years, namely, the full reclamation is realized, the reclamation bandwidth is 2.5m, the strip interval is 2.5m, the depth is 15-20cm, and the soil is kept loose.
4. The method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whip according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and thirdly, pruning and harvesting the bamboo whips, namely performing whip breaking or whip cutting treatment according to three factors of the age, month and type of the whip, and adjusting the growth of the bamboo whips.
5. The method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whip according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the processing of breaking the whip or cutting the whip tip is as follows according to the time factor:
5 to 6 months each year, and pruning and harvesting the 20% intensity;
the pruning and harvesting strength is 40% -50% in the year from 6 months to 7 months and 20 days;
the pruning and harvesting strength is 80% -90% from 7 months to 9 months and 20 days each year;
after trimming is guaranteed to be 1m 2 The bamboo whip branch points in the forest are 30-40.
6. The method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whip according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the bamboo whip is divided into aged whip, strong whip and young whip, wherein the trimming length of the aged whip is 40-50cm, the trimming length of the strong whip is 30-40cm, and the trimming length of the young whip is 20-30cm.
7. The method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whip according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the bamboo whip type is divided into an upper whip, a lower whip and an overlapped whip, wherein the trimming measure of the upper whip is trimming 25-35cm, the trimming measure of the lower whip is trimming 35-45cm, the trimming measure of the overlapped whip is selecting the position of the whip bud growing outwards to break the whip, and the trimming length is 30-35cm.
8. The method for promoting cultivation of phyllostachys pubescens by regulating and controlling underground whip according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the watering irrigation and fertilization pipeline is characterized in that when the cultivation base is continuously drought for 14-16 days, the watering irrigation reaches 85% of the field water holding capacity at one time, and quick growth of flagella is ensured; the fertilization management is specifically to fertilize 3 times in one time, wherein the spring bamboo shoots are 4 months in the young year, and the compound fertilizer is applied 900kg/hm 2 The nutrient ratio is N, wherein K=6:2:1; applying 750kg/hm compound fertilizer to 8 months of spring bamboo shoots 2 The nutrient ratio is N, wherein K=3:2:1; applying 800kg/hm organic fertilizer to 1 month of spring bamboo shoots 2 。
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