CN115990161A - 二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物的用途 - Google Patents
二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了下面式I所示的二氢‑β‑沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物的用途。本发明的二氢‑β‑沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐可用于制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病的药物或者改善骨及关节运动功能的药物或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体地说,本发明涉及二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物在制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病的药物或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂中的用途。
背景技术
骨骼是一个拥有动态平衡的组织,包括成骨细胞主导的骨形成和破骨细胞主导的骨吸收。这个动态循环的过程称为骨重建。破骨细胞来源于骨髓源巨噬细胞(BMMs),在细胞因子如巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)和核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)的调节下分化活化形成成熟破骨细胞,行使骨吸收的功能。成骨细胞由骨髓间充质干细胞分化而来。破骨细胞的过度激活将会使得骨稳态失衡,导致多种骨骼类疾病发生发展,如骨质疏松症,类风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎等。
绝大部分乳腺癌、前列腺癌骨转移表现为溶骨性缺损,转移的癌细胞分泌大量刺激破骨细胞活化的因子,促进破骨细胞的骨吸收作用,破坏骨的形成与吸收之间的平衡从而表现为溶骨性骨缺损。可以通过抑制破骨细胞活性,阻断病理性骨溶解而起治疗作用。目前临床上用于治疗乳腺癌骨转移的药物主要是双磷酸盐及RANKL抗体药物,如帕米膦酸二钠等,其机制是因为可以抑制破骨细胞分化以及促进破骨细胞及癌细胞的凋亡,但用药不便,使用后还会出现额骨坏死现象,并抑制骨形成;抗体药物RANKL抑制剂Denosumab2010年已经于美国上市,批准用于骨质疏松症的治疗和乳腺癌骨转移瘤治疗的临床研究,但抗体药物因价格昂贵等因素临床应用受到一定限制。
骨质疏松患者骨组织的破骨细胞形成远远多于常人,从而导致骨吸收作用过度活跃,这是骨质疏松的重要病理机制之一。临床上有多种抑制破骨细胞形成的骨质疏松治疗药物,但多数药物对骨质疏松的作用依然有限,而且部分药物毒副作用较大,不良反应较多。如双膦酸盐类生物副作用如前所述;雌激素及选择性雌激素受体调节剂主要针对绝经初期的女性,且具有增加深静脉血栓形成的风险等;降钙素类似物可能导致过敏反应。因此寻找更高效特异的破骨细胞抑制剂用于治疗破骨细胞异常导致的相关疾病具有重要意义。
天然产物具有骨架多样性的特点,是开发新药先导化合物的重要来源。二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜是卫矛科植物的代表性成分。从1950年黄瑞纶和赵善欢教授对其的最早报道至今71年的研究共报道了2000多个该类倍半萜化合物。卫矛科植物是该类倍半萜的重要来源。二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物的结构一般在1、2、3、4、6、7、8、9、12、15位上有取代基,取代基以酰氧基为主,形成酯键,如乙酰氧基、苯甲酰氧基以及大环侧链等,部分化合物还在2位或8位有羰基取代。生物活性涉及抗菌,抗病毒,抗多药耐药,昆虫拒食,神经保护等许多个领域。化学结构的复杂性和生物作用的多样性展现了该类倍半萜化合物的极高的研究价值。卫矛科南蛇藤属的药用植物较多,常用来治疗跌打损伤,风湿性关节炎等。目前尚无二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物对破骨细胞前体细胞分化与破骨细胞功能的抑制作用的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜的一种新的生物活性,即作为破骨细胞形成分化的抑制剂的功效,用于制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病的药物或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂。
本发明的第一方面,提供了式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病或者改善骨及关节运动功能的药物或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂中的用途:
式I中,
R1、R2、R3、R5、R6、R7和R8分别独立地选自:=O、H、OH、羧基、OCORa、C1~C10烷基、C2-C8烯基和C2~C8炔基;
R4选自:H、OH;
R9为甲基,或者
R9和R3连接共同构成-RX-Ar-RY-CH2-;
Ar为C6-C12亚芳基或5-12元亚杂芳基,
其中,Ra选自C1~C5烷基,C6~C10芳基,C2~C6烯基,5~10元杂芳基C2~C6烯基。
在一个实施方式中,式I中,
R1和R5分别独立地选自:OH、OBz、OCin、ONic、OFu和OCORa;
R2、R3、R6、R7和R8分别独立地选自:=O、H、OH、OBz、OCin、ONic、OFu和OCORa;
R4选自:H和OH;
R9为甲基,或者
R9和R3连接共同构成-RX-Ar-RY-CH2-;
Ra为C1~C5烷基。
在优选的实施方式中,式I中,
R1和R5分别独立地选自:OH、OBz、ONic和OAc;
R2、R3、R6、R7和R8分别独立地选自:=O、OH、OBz、OAc和ONic;
R4选自:H和OH;
R9为甲基,或者
R9和R3连接共同构成-RX-Ar-RY-CH2-;
Ra为C1~C3烷基(特别是,甲基、乙基);
Ar为亚吡啶基。
在一个实施方式中,本发明化合物可以具有式II所示结构:
其中,R1、R2、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、RX、RY和Ar定义如上所述。
在进一步优选的实施方式中,所述化合物选自下组:
本文中,
羧基指的是-COOH基团。
C1~C10烷基表示直链或支链的含有1-10个碳原子的烷基。例如,包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、异戊基、己基等。“亚烷基基”是指二价的上述“烷基”。
C2-C8烯基表示直链或支链的含有2-8个碳原子的烯基。例如,包括但不限于乙烯基、丙烯基、烯丙基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、1-己烯基等。
C2~C8炔基表示直链或支链的含有2-8个碳原子的炔基。例如,包括但不限于乙炔基、丙炔基、炔丙基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-戊炔基、2-戊炔基、1-己炔基等。
“C6~C10芳基”是指含有6-10个碳原子的芳香族碳环系统,其可以为单环或双环,例如包括但不限于苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基和萘基。“亚芳基”是指二价的上述“芳基”。
“5-12元杂芳基”是具有芳香性的环基,其含有5-12个环原子,其中有一个或多个环原子为选自N、O或S的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。例如包括但不限于,呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、吡咯基、噻唑基、苯并噻唑基、噁唑基、吡唑基、咪唑基、吡喃基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基等。“亚杂芳基”是指二价的上述“杂芳基”。
本发明的第二方面,提供了一种化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其选自:
本发明的第三方面,提供了制备本发明第二方面所述的化合物的方法。在本申请公开了化合物的具体结构的情况下,本领域技术人员可以从卫矛科植物,尤其是南蛇藤属(Celastrus)植物提取得到,或者通过化学合成得到,例如由小分子化合物通过结构设计采用已知的化学合成方法合成,或者对已知化合物进行结构改造而得到。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将独子藤茎采用乙醇浸提,提取液浓缩,得到浸膏A;
(2)将浸膏A加水溶解,依次利用石油醚,乙酸乙酯和正丁醇进行萃取,乙酸乙酯相蒸干溶剂得浸膏B;
(3)浸膏B经硅胶减压柱色谱分离,以体积比为10:1,8:1,6:1,4:1,2:1,1:1的石油醚/丙酮进行梯度洗脱,依次得6个馏分Fr.1~Fr.6;
(4)将馏分Fr.3经硅胶减压柱色谱分离,以体积比为15:1~10:1的石油醚/丙酮进行梯度洗脱,依次得8个馏分Fr.31~Fr.38;
(5)将馏分Fr.36.经反相硅胶柱色谱,使用体积比60%~100%的乙腈/水体系为洗脱液,得到化合物DZ-2-2;
(6)将馏分Fr.4经C-18反相减压柱色谱分离,以体积比为60%,70%,80%,90%,100%的甲醇/水进行梯度洗脱,依次得4个馏分Fr.41~Fr.44;
(7)将馏分Fr.42.经硅胶柱色谱分离,以体积比为5:1~10:1的石油醚/丙酮进行梯度洗脱,依次得到4个馏分Fr.421~Fr.424;
(8)将馏分Fr.422经过半制备HPLC,以体积比为64%~74%的乙腈/水体系为洗脱液,得到化合物DZ-4-3,DZ-6-2和DZ-2-3。
本发明的第四方面,提供了一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物含有本发明第一方面(特别是第二方面)所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明的第五方面,提供了如本发明第四方面所述的组合物在制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病或改善骨及关节运动功能的药物或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂中的用途。
本发明的第六方面,提供了一种治疗或预防破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病或改善骨及关节运动功能的方法,包括向有此需要的对象施用治疗有效量的如本发明第一方面所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或者如本发明第四方面所述的药物组合物。
在一个优选方式中,所述的对象是人。
本发明的第七方面,提供了含有二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物的南蛇藤属(Celastrus)植物提取物在制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病或改善骨及关节运动功能的药物或或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂中的用途。
所述南蛇藤属(Celastrus)植物提取物没有特别限制,只要其含有二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物即可。例如,所述南蛇藤属(Celastrus)植物提取物可以是从南蛇藤属植物提取得到的提取液、浸膏或干燥粉末的形式,但不限于此。采用如下方法得到:将南蛇藤属植物粉末用95%乙醇进行提取,过滤得到滤液,即为提取液;提取液浓缩得到浸膏;浸膏进一步干燥得到粉末。
在一个优选方式中,所述提取物中含有至少一种本发明第一方面所述的化合物。
在另一个优选方式中,所述提取物为水或有机溶剂提取物。
在另一个优选方式中,所述提取物为茎提取物。
在另一个优选方式中,所述南蛇藤属植物选自:独子藤(Celastrus monospermusRoxb.)。
在另一个优选方式中,所述提取物为独子藤(Celastrus monospermus Roxb.)提取物,所述提取物中含有选自下组的一种或多种化合物:
DZ-4-A、DZ-4-B、DZ-4-C、DZ-4-E、DZ-4-F、DZ-4-G、DZ-4-J、DZ-4-R、DZ-2-2、DZ-2-3、DZ-4-3、DZ-6-2、DZ-3-H、DZ-4-D、DZ-4-I。
各化合物结构如上所示。
本发明中,所述破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病是指由破骨细胞的过度激活或形成导致的疾病。其包括,例如,代谢性疾病引起的骨损失(优选地如骨质疏松症,类风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎);癌症(如乳腺癌、前列腺癌)造成的骨缺损(例如溶骨性骨缺损);骨及关节损伤,等等。
本发明中,改善骨及关节运动功能指的是增加骨密度功能、修复骨及关节损伤功能等。
本发明的主要优点在于:
(1)首次发现了本发明化合物具有抑制破骨细胞形成和分化的功效。
(2)首次发现了南蛇藤属植物独子藤提取物在治疗骨损失或骨/关节损伤疾病方面的功能。
(3)首次揭示了4个结构新颖的独子藤中的单体化合物(DZ-2-2、DZ-2-3、DZ-4-3、DZ-6-2)。
应理解,在本发明范围内中,本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。限于篇幅,在此不再一一累述。
在上文中已经详细地描述了本发明,但是上述实施方式本质上仅是例示性,且并不欲限制本发明。此外,本文并不受前述现有技术或发明内容或以下实施例中所描述的任何理论的限制。
除非另有明确说明,在整个申请文件中的数值范围包括其中的任何子范围和以其中给定值的最小子单位递增的任何数值。除非另有明确说明,在整个申请文件中的数值表示对包括与给定值的微小偏差以及具有大约所提及的值以及具有所提及的精确值的实施方案的范围的近似度量或限制。除了在详细描述最后提供的工作实施例之外,本申请文件(包括所附权利要求)中的参数(例如,数量或条件)的所有数值在所有情况下都应被理解为被术语“大约”修饰,不管“大约”是否实际出现在该数值之前。“大约”表示所述的数值允许稍微不精确(在该值上有一些接近精确;大约或合理地接近该值;近似)。如果“大约”提供的不精确性在本领域中没有以这个普通含义来理解,则本文所用的“大约”至少表示可以通过测量和使用这些参数的普通方法产生的变化。例如,“大约”可以包括小于或等于10%,小于或等于5%,小于或等于4%,小于或等于3%,小于或等于2%,小于或等于1%或者小于或等于0.5%的变化。
附图说明
图1显示了独子藤茎中化合物的提取和分离。
图2显示了化合物DZ-4-I和DZ-4-3对骨髓源巨噬细胞分化的影响(TRAP染色)。其中:A显示了破骨细胞前体细胞BMMs经药物处理后TRAP染色后的显微图片,B和C显示了骨髓源巨噬细胞经药物处理后形成的破骨细胞数,***p<0.001,如图连线所示的两组之间比较具有显著性差异。
图3显示了化合物DZ-4-I对破骨细胞前体细胞分化及破骨细胞行使功能时关键基因mRNA表达水平的影响。**p<0.01,***p<0.001,如图连线所示的两组之间比较具有显著性差异。
具体实施方式
本发明人通过广泛而深入的研究,在南蛇藤属植物独子藤中获得一类二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物。经过生物活性实验首次发现,此类化合物能够显著抑制破骨细胞形成与分化,避免破骨细胞过度活跃,从而降低骨吸收,预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病。在此基础上完成了本发明。
制备方法
本发明的化合物可以以化学合成的方法制得,也可以从南蛇藤属植物中提取制得,优选地从南蛇藤属植物独子藤的茎中提取制得。
在本发明的一个优选地实施方式中,从南蛇藤属植物独子藤茎中提取本发明化合物的过程包括:将茎粉碎后采用乙醇浸提,然后利用减压浓缩,然后使用色谱方法(如硅胶柱色谱、大孔吸附树脂、高效液相色谱)进行纯化,最后获得单体化合物或者得到含有多种化合物的组合物。
在本发明的一个优选地实施方式中,本发明提供了南蛇藤属(Celastrus)植物独子藤提取物的用途,所述用途选自下组:
(a)用于制备治疗代谢性疾病引起的骨损失(优选地如骨质疏松症,类风湿性关节炎)的药物或膳食补充剂;和/或
(b)用于制备治疗乳腺癌、前列腺癌造成的骨缺损的药物或膳食补充剂;和/或
(c)用于制备预防或治疗骨及关节损伤的药物或膳食补充剂;和/或
(d)用于制备改善骨及关节运动功能的药物或膳食补充剂。
在另一个优选方式中,所述提取物中含有至少一种本发明的表1中的化合物。
在另一个优选方式中,所述提取物为独子藤茎提取物,优选地为水提取物,更优选地为乙醇提取物。
药物组合物和施用方法
本发明的化合物可以用作骨损失或骨/关节损伤的抑制剂、预防或治疗代谢性疾病引起的骨损失的药物或膳食补充剂。
一方面,本发明提供了一种药物组合物,它含有(a)安全有效量的本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的盐;以及(b)药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。本发明化合物的数量通常为10微克-100毫克/剂,较佳地为100-1000微克/剂。
为了本发明的目的,有效的剂量为给予个体约0.01毫克/千克至1000毫克/千克,较佳地0.1毫克/千克至500毫克/千克体重的本发明化合物。此外,本发明的化合物可以单用,也可与其他治疗剂一起使用(如配制在同一药物组合物中)。
药物组合物还可含有药学上可接受的载体。术语“药学上可接受的载体”指用于治疗剂给药的载体。该术语指这样一些药剂载体:它们本身不诱导产生对接受该组合物的个体有害的抗体,且给药后没有过分的毒性。这些载体是本领域普通技术人员所熟知的。在Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences(Mack Pub.Co.,N.J.1991)中可找到关于药学上可接受的赋形剂的充分讨论。这类载体包括(但并不限于):盐水、缓冲液、葡萄糖、水、甘油、乙醇、佐剂及其组合。
治疗性组合物中药学上可接受的载体可含有液体,如水、盐水、甘油和乙醇。另外,这些载体中还可能存在辅助性的物质,如润湿剂或乳化剂、pH缓冲物质等。
通常,可将治疗性组合物制成可注射剂,例如液体溶液或悬液;还可制成在注射前适合配入溶液或悬液中、液体载体的固体形式。
一旦配成本发明的组合物,可将其通过常规途径进行给药,其中包括(但并不限于):肌内、静脉内、皮下、皮内或局部给药。待预防或治疗的对象可以是动物;尤其是人。
当本发明的药物组合物被用于实际治疗时,可根据使用情况而采用各种不同剂型的药物组合物。较佳地为注射剂。
这些药物组合物可根据常规方法通过混合、稀释或溶解而进行配制,并且偶尔添加合适的药物添加剂,如赋形剂、崩解剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、稀释剂、缓冲剂、等渗剂(isotonicities)、防腐剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、分散剂、稳定剂和助溶剂,而且该配制过程可根据剂型用惯常方式进行。本发明的药物组合物还可以缓释剂形式给药。
当本发明的药物组合物被用于预防或治疗时,作为活性成分的本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的剂量,可根据待预防或治疗的每个对象(病人)的体重、年龄、性别、症状程度而合理地加以确定。
根据本发明的化合物和药物组合物可以用于治疗骨损失或骨/关节损伤疾病,包括但不限于:骨质疏松,类风湿关节炎。
实施例
下面结合具体实施例,进一步详陈本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
下述实施例所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
下述实施例所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
化合物提取,分离及鉴定所用材料
半制备HPLC:Unimicro EasySep-1010binary泵,Unimicro EasySep-1010检测器(Unimicro,上海,中国);YMC-Pack ODS-A(250×20mm,5μm)和YMC-Pack ODS-A(250×10mm,5μm)色谱柱(YMC Co.,Ltd.,Kyoto,日本);柱色谱填料:正相硅胶(300-400目)(青岛海洋化工有限公司,青岛,中国),C-18反相硅胶(150-200目)(Merck,Whitehouse Station,NJ,美国);显色剂:体积比为10%的硫酸乙醇溶液;比旋光度:PerkinElmer 341polarimeter;红外光谱:PerkinElmer 577spectrometer(PerkinElmer,Waltham,MA,美国);熔点测试:Büchi 510melting point apparatus(Büchi,Flawil,瑞士);紫外光谱:Varian Cary 50-visspectrophotometer(Varian,Melbourne,澳大利亚);ECD实验:JASCO J-810spectrometer(JASCO Corporation,Tokyo,日本);NMR谱测试:Bruker AM-400,Bruker Advance III500,Bruker Advance III 600(Bruker,Ettlingen,德国)和Varian-MERCURY Plus-400(Varian,Palo Alto,CA,美国);内标为氘代试剂中未氘代的溶剂质子信号:C5H5N(7.20/123.5),CHCl3(7.26/77.0),MeOH(3.30/49.5);质谱测定:低分辨质谱为Shimadzu LCMS-2020spectrometer(Shimadzu,Kyoto,日本);高分辨质谱为Waters-Micromass QTOFUltima Global mass spectrometer(Waters,Milford,MA,美国);独子藤茎于2013年11月采自于广东省阳春地区,由广东中医药大学谢培山教授鉴定。标本存放于本实验室,编号为SIMM20131131-DZ。
实施例1化合物的制备和结构鉴定
独子藤茎中化合物的提取与分离
干燥的独子藤茎2.59kg经粉碎后,用95%乙醇浸泡提取五次(10L×5)。提取液过滤后减压蒸馏除去溶剂得浸膏A 371.5g。将浸膏A加水溶解,依次利用石油醚,乙酸乙酯和正丁醇进行萃取。乙酸乙酯相蒸干溶剂得浸膏B 63.1g。所得浸膏B经硅胶减压柱色谱分离,石油醚/丙酮(10:1,8:1,6:1,4:1,2:1,1:1,v/v,各2L)梯度洗脱,利用硅胶薄层色谱法按照各个试管中样品点的极性大小,依次得6个馏分(Fr.1~Fr.6)。
将馏分Fr.3经硅胶减压柱色谱分离,石油醚/丙酮(15:1~10:1,v/v,各2L)梯度洗脱,利用硅胶薄层色谱法按照各个试管中样品点的极性大小,依次得8个馏分(Fr.31~Fr.38)。将馏分Fr.36.经反相硅胶柱色谱(乙腈/水体系,体积比60%~100%,50分钟)分离,得到化合物DZ-2-2(8.0mg)。利用凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱纯化,乙醇为洗脱剂,从馏分Fr.38.中得到DZ-3-H(8.2mg)。
将馏分Fr.4经C-18反相减压柱色谱分离,甲醇/水(60%,70%,80%,90%,100%,v/v,各2L)梯度洗脱,利用硅胶薄层色谱法按照各个试管中样品点的极性大小,依次得4个馏分(Fr.41~Fr.44)。将馏分Fr.42.经硅胶柱色谱分离,石油醚/丙酮(5:1~10:1,v/v,100分钟)梯度洗脱,利用硅胶薄层色谱法按照各个试管中样品点的极性大小,依次得到4个馏分(Fr.421~Fr.424)。利用半制备HPLC(60%–66%,乙腈/水体系,40分钟)纯化,从馏分Fr.421.中得到化合物DZ-4-I(6.0mg)。将馏分Fr.422.经过半制备HPLC(64%–74%,乙腈/水体系,40分钟)分离,利用HPLC中实时色谱图的吸收峰划分,得到化合物DZ-4-A(20.0mg),DZ-4-D(6.5mg),DZ-4-3(5.5mg),DZ-6-2(6.0mg),DZ-2-3(7.0mg)。将馏分Fr.423.经过半制备HPLC(68%–80%,乙腈/水体系,40分钟)分离,得到化合物DZ-4-B(20.2mg),DZ-4-C(22.3mg),DZ-4-E(30.2mg),DZ-4-F(10.5mg)。将馏分Fr.424.经过半制备HPLC(73%–83%,乙腈/水体系,45分钟)分离,得到化合物DZ-4-G(6.0mg),DZ-4-J(10.2mg),DZ-4-R(8.3mg)。
具体分离流程见图1。
化合物理化性质和波谱数据:
DZ-4-A
无色单斜晶体(甲醇);mp:218-220℃;UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)265(3.41),219(3.80)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3440,1751,1587,1371,1260,1225,1098,1034cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ1.96(3H,s,AcO-1),2.09(3H,s,AcO-2),2.17(3H,s,AcO-6),2.14(3H,s,AcO-8),1.98(3H,s,AcO-9),2.27(3H,s,AcO-15),1.85(3H,s,AcO-9′),5.67(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H-1),5.20(1H,br s,H-2),4.75(1H,br s,H-3),2.61(1H,overlap,H-4),6.33(1H,s,H-6),2.50(1H,d,J=2.7Hz,H-7),5.62(1H,overlap,H-8),5.63(1H,overlap,H-9),1.56(3H,s,H3-12),4.10(1H,d,J=11.4Hz,Ha-13),4.84(1H,d,J=11.4Hz,Hb-13),1.25(3H,d,J=8.0Hz,H3-14),4.59(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Ha-15),4.70(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Ha-15),8.08(1H,dd,J=7.7,1.2Hz,H-4’),7.24(1H,dd,J=7.7,4.9Hz,H-5’),8.71(1H,dd,J=4.9,1.2Hz,H-6’),2.92(1H,td,J=12.8,2.9Hz,Ha-7’),3.27(1H,td,J=12.8,5.4Hz,Hb-7’),2.11(1H,overlap,Ha-8’),2.58,(1H,m,Hb-8’);13C NMR(CDCl3)δAcO-1[20.7(q),169.8(s)],AcO-2[21.1(q),168.6(s)],AcO-6[21.5(q),169.4(s)],AcO-8[21.1(q),171.2(s)],AcO-9[20.9(q),169.8(s)],AcO-15[21.3(q),170.1(s)],AcO-9′[20.9(q),168.9(s)],72.8(d,C-1),69.4(d,C-2),75.9(d,C-3),38.1(d,C-4),90.8(s,C-5),75.2(d,C-6),49.8(d,C-7),73.3(d,C-8),74.4(d,C-9),50.1(s,C-10),83.9(s,C-11),19.0(q,C-12),70.7(t,C-13),15.4(q,C-14),60.2(t,C-15),160.7(s,C-2’),126.3(s,C-3’),138.9(d,C-4’),121.3(d,C-5’),152.4(d,C-6’),31.2(t,C-7’),39.0(t,C-8’),80.4(s,C-9’),21.7(q,C-10’),172.2(s,C-11’),167.9(s,C-12’);HRTOFMS m/z 848.2985[M+H]+(calcd forC40H50NO19,848.2977)。
DZ-4-E
白色无定形粉末;UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)268(3.33),227(4.00)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3376,2926,2855,1745,1374,1281,1218,1094,1036,718,cm-1;1HNMR(CDCl3)δ2.12(3H,s,AcO-2),2.21(3H,s,AcO-6),1.94(3H,s,AcO-8),1.41(3H,s,AcO-9),2.31(3H,s,AcO-15),BzO-1[7.42(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.54(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),7.85(d,2H,J=7.5Hz)],6.04(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H-1),5.38(1H,br s,H-2),4.91(1H,br s,H-3),2.79(1H,q,J=7.8Hz,H-4),6.32(1H,s,H-6),2.51(1H,d,J=2.7Hz,H-7),5.67(1H,dd,J=9.3,3.0Hz,H-8),5.78(1H,d,J=9.3Hz,H-9),1.68(3H,s,H3-12),3.69(1H,d,J=11.6Hz,Ha-13),5.45(1H,d,J=11.6Hz,Hb-13),1.31(3H,d,J=7.8Hz,H3-14),4.76(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Ha-15),5.00(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Hb-15),8.23(1H,d,J=7.7Hz,H-4’),7.26(1H,m,H-5’),8.72(1H,d,J=4.0Hz,H-6’),2.92(1H,m,Ha-7’),3.07(1H,m,Hb-7’),2.11(1H,overlap,Ha-8’),2.58(1H,m,Hb-8’),2.41(1H,m,H-9’),13C NMR(CDCl3)δAcO-2[21.0(q),168.7(s)],AcO-6[21.5(q),169.6(s)],AcO-8[20.9(q),169.9(s)],AcO-9[20.3(q),169.9(s)],AcO-15[21.4(q),170.3(s)],BzO-1[128.6×2(d),129.5×2(d),133.4(d),125.8(s),164.7(s)],73.2(d,C-1),70.2(d,C-2),73.9(d,C-3),37.3(d,C-4),91.1(s,C-5),75.5(d,C-6),49.8(d,C-7),73.3(d,C-8),74.6(d,C-9),50.7(s,C-10),84.4(s,C-11),19.2(q,C-12),69.8(t,C-13),15.8(q,C-14),60.3(t,C-15),162.8(s,C-2’),129.7(s,C-3’),138.8(d,C-4’),121.1(d,C-5’),152.6(d,C-6’),33.3(t,C-7’),33.2(t,C-8’),38.0(d,C-9’),19.0(q,C-10’),176.0(s,C-11’),166.5(s,C-12’);HRTOFMS m/z 852.3091[M+H]+(calcd forC43H50NO17,852.3079)。
DZ-4-F
白色无定形粉末;UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)262(3.42),228(4.04)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3439,2937,1754,1375,1267,1221,1084,710,cm-1;1H NMR(Pyridine-d5)δ1.94(3H,s,AcO-1),2.15(3H,s,AcO-6),2.14(3H,s,AcO-9),2.22(3H,s,AcO-15),2.32(3H,s,AcO-9′),BzO-2[7.56(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.61(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),8.30(d,2H,J=7.5Hz)],6.40(1H,d,J=3.5Hz,H-1),6.06(1H,br s,H-2),5.60(1H,br s,H-3),3.19(1H,d,J=7.6Hz,H-4),6.81(1H,s,H-6),3.77(1H,s,H-7),6.14(1H,br s,H-9),1.60(3H,s,H3-12),4.55(1H,d,J=11.5Hz,Ha-13),5.53(1H,d,J=11.5Hz,Hb-13),1.48(3H,d,J=7.6Hz,H-14),5.08(1H,overlap,Ha-15),5.18(1H,d,J=11.2Hz,Hb-15),8.21(1H,d,J=7.6Hz,H-4’),7.25(1H,dd,J=7.6,4.3Hz,H-5’),8.82(1H,d,J=4.3Hz,H-6’),3.11(1H,td,J=12.6,3.5Hz,Ha-7’),3.72(1H,td,J=12.6,4.9Hz,Hb-7’),2.41(1H,m,Ha-8’),3.02(1H,td,J=12.6,5.6Hz,Hb-8’);13C NMR(Pyridine-d5)δAcO-1[20.9(q),170.0(s)],AcO-6[21.7(q),170.2(s)],AcO-9[20.9(q),170.3(s)],AcO-15[20.7(q),170.3(s)],AcO-9′[21.3(q),171.6(s)],BzO-2[129.8×2(d),130.7×2(d),134.7(d),129.9(s),165.7(s)],72.9(d,C-1),71.2(d,C-2),75.5(d,C-3),39.0(d,C-4),92.9(s,C-5),75.3(d,C-6),62.8(d,C-7),197.8(s,C-8),80.0(d,C-9),52.1(s,C-10),85.4(s,C-11),19.1(q,C-12),71.5(t,C-13),16.3(q,C-14),60.2(t,C-15),161.3(s,C-2’),127.3(s,C-3’),139.2(d,C-4’),122.0(d,C-5’),152.9(d,C-6’),31.7(t,C-7’),39.4(t,C-8’),81.3(s,C-9’),22.7(q,C-10’),172.3(s,C-11’),168.4(s,C-12’);HRTOFMS m/z 866.2881[M+H]+(calcd forC43H48NO18,866.2871)。
DZ-4-B
白色无定形粉末,MW:789;MF:C38H47NO17;ESIMS m/z 790[M+H]+;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ2.28(3H,s,AcO-8),2.20(3H,s,AcO-6),2.12(3H,s,AcO-15),1.99(3H,s,AcO-2),1.96(3H,s,AcO-9),1.85(3H,s,AcO-1),8.66(1H,dd,J=4.8,1.5Hz,H-6’),7.98(1H,dd,J=7.7,1.5Hz,H-4’),7.22(1H,dd,J=7.7,4.8Hz,H-7’),6.34(1H,s,H-6),5.68(1H,d,J=3.4Hz,H-1),5.62(1H,d,J=9.6Hz,H-9),5.56(1H,dd,J=9.6,3.0Hz,H-8),5.36(1H,br s,H-2),5.23(1H,d,J=11.0Hz,Ha-13’),4.77(1H,s,H-3),4.65(1H,d,J=12.9Hz,Ha-15),4.68(1H,d,J=12.9Hz,Hb-15),4.17(1H,q,J=6.7Hz,H-7’),3.90(1H,d,J=11.0Hz,Ha-13’),2.72(1H,m,H-4),2.77(1H,m,H-8’),2.51(1H,d,J=2.7Hz,H-7),1.55(3H,s,H3-12),1.41(3H,d,J=6.9Hz,H-9’),1.26(3H,d,J=7.4Hz,H-10’),1.22(3H,d,J=8.0Hz,H3-14)。
DZ-4-C
白色无定形粉末,MW:851;MF:C43H49NO17;ESIMS m/z 852[M+H]+;1H NMR(CDCl3)δBzO-1[7.84(2H,d,J=7.7Hz),7.53(1H,t,J=7.7Hz),7.41(2H,t,J=7.7Hz)],2.31(3H,s,AcO-8),2.23(3H,s,AcO-6),2.12(3H,s,AcO-15),1.93(3H,s,AcO-2),1.40(3H,s,AcO-9),8.70(1H,d,J=4.3Hz,H-6’),8.02(1H,d,J=7.7Hz,H-4’),7.24(1H,d,J=4.3Hz,H-5’),6.37(1H,s,H-6),6.01(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H-1),5.74(1H,d,J=9.6Hz,H-9),5.60(1H,dd,J=9.6,3.2Hz,H-8),5.49(1H,br s,H-2),5.20(1H,d,J=11.0Hz,Ha-13),4.96(1H,d,J=13.2Hz,Ha-15),4.84(1H,br s,H-3),4.80(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Hb-15),4.19(1H,q,J=8.1Hz),3.98(1H,d,J=11.0Hz,Hb-13),2.82(2H,dd,J=14.0,7.7Hz,H-8’),2.52(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-7’),1.44(3H,d,J=6.9Hz,H3-9’),1.32(3H,d,J=7.4Hz,H3-10’),1.28(3H,d,J=7.9Hz,H3-14),1.59(3H,s,H3-12)。
DZ-4-G
白色无定形粉末,MW:867;MF:C43H49NO18;ESIMS m/z 868[M+H]+;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.72(1H,d,J=5.0Hz,H-6’),8.08(1H,d,J=7.7Hz,H-4’),BzO-1[7.78(2H,d,J=7.7Hz),7.53(1H,t,J=7.7Hz),7.39(2H,t,J=7.7Hz)],7.28(1H,m,H-5’),6.65(1H,s,H-6),5.98(1H,d,J=12.3Hz,Ha-13),3.69(1H,d,J=12.3Hz,Hb-13),5.88(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H-1),5.79(1H,d,J=9.7Hz,H-9),5.54(1H,dd,J=9.7,3.4Hz,H-8),5.37(1H,m,H-2),4.93(1H,d,J=12.7Hz,Ha-15),4.87(1H,d,J=12.7Hz,Hb-15),4.80(1H,d,J=2.8Hz,H-3),4.68(1H,q,J=7.0Hz,H-7’),2.64(1H,d,J=7.9Hz,H-8’),2.47(1H,d,J=3.3Hz,H-7),2.33(3H,s,AcO-8),2.23(3H,s,AcO-6),2.15(3H,s,AcO-15),1.95(3H,s,AcO-2),1.76(3H,s,H3-12),1.62(3H,s,H3-14),1.42(3H,d,J=7.1Hz,H-9’),1.40(3H,s,AcO-9)。
DZ-4-J
白色无定形粉末,MW:867;MF:C43H49NO18;ESIMS m/z 868[M+H]+;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.76(1H,dd,J=4.8,1.8Hz,H-6’),8.30(1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0Hz,H-4’),BzO-2[7.81(2H,d,J=7.4Hz),7.54(1H,t,J=7.3Hz),7.41(2H,t,J=7.7Hz)],7.28(1H,m,H-5’),6.60(1H,s,H-6),5.94(1H,d,J=3.4Hz,H-1),5.79(1H,d,J=9.8Hz,H-9),5.64(1H,dd,J=3.3,9.8Hz,H-8),5.66(1H,d,J=11.0Hz,Ha-13),5.29(1H,dd,J=3.3,2.0Hz,H-2),5.00(1H,d,J=12.2Hz,Ha-15),4.82(1H,d,J=12.2Hz,Hb-15),3.86(1H,d,J=11.0Hz,Hb-13),3.80(1H,m,Ha-7’),3.01(1H,m,Hb-7’),2.55(1H,m,H-9’),2.49(1H,d,J=3.5Hz,H-7),2.33(3H,s,AcO-8),2.19(3H,s,AcO-6),2.14(3H,s,AcO-15),1.95(3H,s,AcO-2),1.73(3H,s,H3-12),1.61(3H,s,H3-14),1.39(3H,s,AcO-9),1.27(3H,d,J=6.7Hz,H3-10’)。
DZ-4-R
白色无定形粉末,MW:745;MF:C36H43NO16;ESIMS m/z 746[M+H]+;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.70(dd,1H,J=4.8,1.8Hz,H-6’),8.02(dd,1H,J=7.8,1.8Hz,H-4’),7.25(m,1H,H-5’),6.50(s,1H,H-6),5.84(d,1H,J=3.4Hz,H-1),5.56(s,1H,H-9),5.38(dd,1H,J=3.1,3.7Hz,H-2),4.90(m,1H,H-3),4.86(d,1H,J=12.8Hz,Ha-15),4.50(d,1H,J=12.8Hz,Hb-15),3.96(d,1H,J=11.0Hz,Ha-13),5.39(d,1H,J=11.0Hz,Hb-13),3.13(s,1H,H-6),2.91(q,1H,J=8.0Hz,H-8’),2.75(q,1H,J=8.0Hz,H-7’),2.26(s,3H,AcO-15),2.16(s,3H,AcO-6),2.12(s,3H,AcO-1),2.05(s,3H,H-12),1.95(s,3H,AcO-2),1.48(s,3H,H-14),1.45(3H,d,J=7.4Hz,H-9’),1.32(s,3H,AcO-9),1.27(3H,d,J=7.4Hz,H-10’)。
DZ-2-2
无色六角形晶体,UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)230(5.08)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3545,2919,1749,1451,1369,1275,1243,1220,1106,1071,1029,764,750,714cm–1;1H NMR(CDCl3)6.06(1H,d,J=3.8Hz,H-1),5.48(1H,br s,H-2),4.81(1H,br s,H-3),2.63(1H,q,J=7.7Hz,H-4),5.05(1H,d,J=4.2Hz,H-6),2.41(1H,d,J=3.1Hz,H-7),5.37(1H,dd,J=9.6,3.1Hz,H-8),5.76(1H,d,J=9.6Hz,H-9),1.54(3H,s,H3-12),1.46(3H,s,H3-13),1.43(3H,d,J=7.7Hz,H3-14),5.17(1H,d,J=13.2Hz,Ha-15),4.60(1H,d,J=13.2Hz,Hb-15),2.11(3H,s,AcO-2),2.11(3H,s,AcO-3),1.93(3H,s,AcO-8),1.38(3H,s,AcO-9),2.21(3H,s,AcO-15),BzO-1[7.42(2H,t,J=7.7Hz),7.54(1H,tt,J=7.7,1.1Hz),7.90(2H,dd,J=7.7,1.1Hz)];13C NMR(CDCl3)73.8(d,C-1),70.1(d,C-2),74.1(d,C-3),37.1(d,C-4),91.0(s,C-5),75.8(d,C-6),53.4(d,C-7),74.5(d,C-8),75.1(d,C-9),50.5(d,C-10),83.0(s,C-11),26.5(q,C-12),31.0(q,C-13),16.1(q,C-14),60.4(t,C-15),AcO-2[21.0(q),168.9(s)],AcO-3[21.6(q),170.2(s)],AcO-8[21.0(q),170.5(s)],AcO-9[20.3(q),169.7(s)],AcO-15[21.4(q),170.3(s)],BzO-1[129.5×2(d),128.6×2(d),133.3(d),129.9(s),164.8(s)];HRESIMS m/z[M+Na]+671.2313(calcd for C32H40O14Na,671.2310)。
DZ-2-3
白色无定形粉末,UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)230(5.08)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3358,2922,2851,1750,1660,1424,1369,1273,1227,1152,1096,1040,930,750,713cm–1;1H NMR(CDCl3)5.89(1H,d,J=3.5Hz,H-1),5.38(1H,dd,J=3.5,2.6Hz,H-2),4.86(1H,d,J=2.6Hz,H-3),6.43(1H,s,H-6),2.40(1H,d,J=3.4Hz,H-7),5.57(1H,dd,J=9.6,3.2Hz,H-8),5.77(1H,d,J=9.6Hz,H-9),1.66(3H,s,H3-12),1.54(3H,s,H3-13),1.54(3H,s,H3-14),5.01(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Ha-15),4.69(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Hb-15),2.13(3H,s,AcO-2),2.20(3H,s,AcO-3),2.12(3H,s,AcO-6),1.92(3H,s,AcO-8),1.39(3H,s,AcO-9),2.31(3H,s,AcO-15),BzO-1[7.42(2H,t,J=7.5Hz),7.54(1H,tt,J=7.5,1.2Hz),7.83(2H,dd,J=7.5,1.2Hz)];13C NMR(CDCl3)72.6(d,C-1),68.9(d,C-2),75.4(d,C-3),60.6(s,C-4),92.3(s,C-5),75.9(d,C-6),51.6(d,C-7),73.7(d,C-8),74.9(d,C-9),51.8(s,C-10),84.8(s,C-11),26.0(q,C-12),29.8(q,C-13),23.6(q,C-14),60.6(t,C-15),AcO-2[21.4(q),168.4(s)],AcO-3[20.9(q),169.5(s)],AcO-6[21.1(q),170.0(s)],AcO-8[21.0(q),170.0(s)],AcO-15[21.5(q),170.4(s)],BzO-1[129.5×2(d),128.6×2(d),133.5(d),129.6(s),164.8(s)];HRESIMS m/z[M+Na]+729.2367(calcd for C34H42O16Na,729.2365)。
DZ-4-3
白色无定形粉末,UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)230(3.56)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3446,2919,2850,1748,1453,1369,1275,1242,1110,1088,1029,936,764,750,712cm–1;1H NMR(CDCl3)6.15(1H,d,J=3.9Hz,H-1),5.40(1H,br s,H-2),4.82(1H,br s,H-3),2.52(1H,q,J=8.0Hz,H-4),6.09(1H,br s,H-6),2.44(1H,d,J=3.2Hz,H-7),5.42(1H,dd,J=9.5,3.2Hz,H-8),4.48(1H,dd,J=9.5,5.2Hz,H-9),1.51(3H,s,H3-12),1.34(3H,s,H3-13),1.21(3H,d,J=7.9Hz,H3-14),5.01(1H,d,J=13.0Hz,Ha-15),4.75(1H,d,J=13.0Hz,Hb-15),2.15(3H,s,AcO-2),2.11(3H,s,AcO-3),2.11(3H,s,AcO-6),2.05(3H,s,AcO-8),2.26(3H,s,AcO-15),BzO-1[7.43(2H,t,J=7.5Hz),7.56(1H,tt,J=7.5,1.3Hz),7.96(2H,dd,J=7.5,1.3Hz)];13C NMR(CDCl3)73.5(d,C-1),70.8(d,C-2),74.2(d,C-3),37.1(d,C-4),89.7(s,C-5),76.4(d,C-6),51.5(d,C-7),76.3(d,C-8),76.0(d,C-9),51.0(s,C-10),82.8(s,C-11),26.1(q,C-12),30.9(q,C-13),15.2(q,C-14),60.7(t,C-15),AcO-2[21.4(q),169.1(s)],AcO-3[21.4(q),170.2(s)],AcO-6[21.3(q),169.7(s)],AcO-8[21.1(q),171.2(s)],AcO-15[21.4(q),170.4(s)],BzO-1[129.8×2(d),128.7×2(d),133.5(d),129.8(s),165.8(s)];HRESIMS m/z[M+NH4]+666.2757(calcd for C32H44NO14,666.2756)。
DZ-6-2
白色无定形粉末,UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)225(5.11)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 2918,2849,1738,1369,1275,1260,1225,1091,1032,764,750cm–1;1H NMR(CDCl3)6.23(1H,d,J=3.9Hz,H-1),5.76(1H,br s,H-2),4.79(1H,br s,H-3),2.61(1H,q,J=8.0Hz,H-4),6.26(1H,s,H-6),2.48(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-7),5.54(1H,dd,J=9.5,3.2Hz,H-8),5.83(1H,d,J=9.5Hz,H-9),1.61(3H,s,H3-12),1.40(3H,s,H3-13),1.28(3H,d,J=7.9Hz,H3-14),5.10(1H,d,J=12.7Hz,Ha-15),4.83(1H,d,J=12.7Hz,Hb-15),2.17(3H,s,AcO-3),2.13(3H,s,AcO-6),1.93(3H,s,AcO-8),1.37(3H,s,AcO-9),2.31(3H,s,AcO-15),BzO-1[7.34(2H,t,J=7.8Hz),7.50(1H,tt,J=7.8,1.2Hz),7.78(2H,dd,J=7.8,1.2Hz)];NicO-2[7.46(1H,dd,J=8.2,4.8Hz),8.31(1H,dt,J=8.2,2.1Hz),8.85(1H,br d,J=4.8Hz),9.25(1H,br s)];13C NMR(CDCl3)73.3(d,C-1),71.1(d,C-2),73.9(d,C-3),37.1(d,C-4),89.7(s,C-5),76.2(d,C-6),51.4(d,C-7),74.0(d,C-8),74.7(d,C-9),50.1(s,C-10),83.3(s,C-11),26.3(q,C-12),30.8(q,C-13),15.5(q,C-14),60.9(t,C-15),AcO-3[21.4(q),170.2(s)],AcO-6[21.3(q),169.7(s)],AcO-8[21.0(q),170.0(s)],AcO-9[20.4(q),168.9(s)],AcO-15[21.4(q),170.7(s)],BzO-1[129.5×2(d),128.6×2(d),133.4(d),129.6(s),164.7(s)],NicO-2[123.8(d),137.3(d),151.2(d),154.4(d),124.9(s),163.9(s)];HRESIMS m/z[M+H]+754.2698(calcd for C38H44NO15,754.2705)。
DZ-3-H
白色无定形粉末;UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)232(3.89)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 1754,1371,1233,1094,1034,715,603cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ2.10(3H,s,AcO-2),2.12(3H,s,AcO-3),2.10(3H,s,AcO-6),1.91(3H,s,AcO-8),1.39(3H,s,AcO-9),2.29(3H,s,AcO-15),BzO-1[7.42(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.54(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),7.87(d,2H,J=7.5Hz)],6.07(1H,d,J=3.4Hz,H-1),5.47(1H,br s,H-2),4.81(1H,br s,H-3),2.55(1H,q,J=8.0Hz,H-4),6.20(1H,s,H-6),2.44(1H,d,J=2.5Hz,H-7),5.53(1H,dd,J=9.8,3.2Hz,H-8),5.75(1H,d,J=9.8Hz,H-9),1.57(3H,s,H3-12),1.35(3H,s,H3-13),1.23(3H,d,J=8.0Hz,H3-14),4.98(1H,d,J=13.2Hz,Ha-15),4.72(1H,d,J=13.2Hz,Hb-15);13C NMR(CDCl3)δAcO-2[20.9(q),168.8(s)],AcO-3[21.4(q),170.2(s)],AcO-6[21.4(q),169.8(s)],AcO-8[21.4(q),169.7(s)],AcO-9[20.4(q),170.0(s)],AcO-15[21.0(q),170.4(s)],BzO-1[128.6×2(d),129.5×2(d),133.4(d),125.8(s),164.7(s)],73.5(d,C-1),69.9(d,C-2),73.8(d,C-3),37.2(d,C-4),89.7(s,C-5),76.3(d,C-6),51.4(d,C-7),73.9(d,C-8),74.9(d,C-9),50.5(s,C-10),83.1(s,C-11),26.3(q,C-12),30.8(q,C-13),15.2(q,C-14),60.2(t,C-15);HRTOFMS m/z 713.2413[M+Na]+(calcd for C34H42O15Na,713.2421)。
DZ-4-D
白色无定形粉末;UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)263(3.31),220(3.83)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3458,2934,1751,1591,1371,1281,1226,1092,1033,736,602cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ2.12(3H,s,AcO-2),2.13(3H,s,AcO-3),1.92(3H,s,AcO-6),2.12(3H,s,AcO-8),1.47(3H,s,AcO-9),2.27(3H,s,AcO-15),NicO-1[8.98(m,1H),8.16(m,1H),7.45(m,1H),8.76(m,1H)],6.11(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H-1),5.47(1H,br s,H-2),4.81(1H,br s,H-3),2.55(1H,q,J=7.8Hz,H-4),6.21(1H,s,H-6),2.45(1H,d,J=3.1Hz,H-7),5.53(1H,dd,J=9.6,3.1Hz,H-8),5.73(1H,d,J=9.6Hz,H-9),1.56(3H,s,H3-12),1.35(3H,s,H3-13),1.23(3H,d,J=8.0Hz,H3-14),4.89(1H,d,J=13.0Hz,Ha-15),4.73(1H,d,J=13.0Hz,Hb-15);13C NMR(CDCl3)δAcO-2[21.4(q),169.0(s)],AcO-3[21.1(q),170.2(s)],AcO-6[20.9(q),169.6(s)],AcO-8[21.4(q),169.8(s)],AcO-9[20.5(q),169.9(s)],AcO-15[21.4(q),170.1(s)],NicO-1[123.6(d),124.6(s),137.1(d),150.5(d),153.8(d),163.7(s)],74.2(d,C-1),69.9(d,C-2),73.9(d,C-3),37.2(d,C-4),89.7(s,C-5),76.3(d,C-6),51.4(d,C-7),74.0(d,C-8),75.0(d,C-9),50.5(s,C-10),83.2(s,C-11),26.3(q,C-12),30.8(q,C-13),15.2(q,C-14),60.0(t,C-15);HRTOFMS m/z 692.2558[M+H]+(calcd for C33H42NO15,692.2554)。
DZ-4-I
白色无定形粉末;UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)229(3.92)nm;IR(KBr)νmax 3379,2937,2858,1742,1630,1374,1277,1098,1029,707cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ2.05(3H,s,AcO-2),2.15(3H,s,AcO-3),2.14(3H,s,AcO-6),1.80(3H,s,AcO-8),2.14(3H,s,AcO-15),BzO-1,BzO-9[6.93(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.15(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.25(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),7.35(d,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.39(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),7.54(d,2H,J=7.5Hz)],6.16(1H,d,J=3.7Hz,H-1),5.49(1H,br s,H-2),4.83(1H,br s,H-3),2.58(1H,q,J=8.0Hz,H-4),6.34(1H,s,H-6),2.51(1H,d,J=2.7Hz,H-7),5.77(1H,dd,J=9.6,3.2Hz,H-8),6.11(1H,d,J=9.6Hz,H-9),1.65(3H,s,H3-12),1.39(3H,s,H3-13),1.24(3H,d,J=8.0Hz,H-14),4.98(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Ha-15),4.87(1H,d,J=13.1Hz,Hb-15);13C NMR(CDCl3)δAcO-2[20.9(q),168.8(s)],AcO-3[21.5(q),170.3(s)],AcO-6[21.4(q),169.7(s)],AcO-8[21.0(q),170.0(s)],AcO-15[21.5(q),170.6(s)],BzO-1,BzO-9[128.0×2(d),128.2×2(d),129.2×2(d),129.3×2(d),132.8(d),133.0(d),129.2(s),129.3(s),164.8(s),165.4(s)],73.7(d,C-1),69.9(d,C-2),74.0(d,C-3),37.2(d,C-4),89.9(s,C-5),76.3(d,C-6),51.5(d,C-7),73.7(d,C-8),75.3(d,C-9),50.3(s,C-10),83.2(s,C-11),26.2(q,C-12),30.9(q,C-13),15.1(q,C-14),61.1(t,C-15);HRTOFMS m/z 775.2578[M+Na]+(calcd forC39H44O15Na,775.2578)。
实施例2本发明化合物具有抑制破骨细胞形成的作用
(1)实验材料与仪器
材料:胎牛血清、ɑ-MEM培养基、青霉素/链霉素购自Gibco,DMSO、MTT、TRAP染色试剂盒购自sigma,细胞因子如mM-CSF、mRANKL、hRNAK和hRNAKL购自peprotech,细胞裂解液购自promega,PBS购自WISENT公司,4周龄C57BL/6小鼠购自斯莱克。
细胞:骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞,取自C57BL/6小鼠股骨与胫骨髓腔细胞正常培养,培养时采用完全α-MEM培养基,即α-MEM+10%胎牛血清+1%青霉素/链霉素。
仪器:Thermo scientific公司CO2培养箱,Olympus倒置显微镜,GE公司BiacoreT200。
(2)细胞准备与培养
C57BL/6小鼠断颈处死,75%酒精浸泡消毒,无菌条件下剥离后肢长骨(股骨、胫骨),去除附着的软组织,用完全培养基反复冲洗骨髓腔内表面,将骨髓腔内细胞彻底冲出,细胞悬液用细胞筛过滤,细胞定量后接种于10cm细胞培养皿内,于5%CO2和饱和湿度条件下培养过夜,次日离心取上清未贴壁细胞,换新鲜完全的增殖培养基(完全培养基加入30ng/mL M-CSF)继续培养两天得到骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞。两天后,取骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞按一定浓度种入孔板中,并加入诱导培养基(完全培养基加入30ng/mL M-CSF和50ng/mL RANKL)培养5-6天得到成熟破骨细胞。
(3)TRAP染色实验检测化合物抑制破骨细胞形成
骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞以每孔5000个的浓度接种到96孔板,每孔100μL培养液,培养过夜。第二天,对细胞进行不同处理。实验组细胞处理方式为:将倍半萜类化合物分别用诱导培养基配制成终浓度为5μM的溶液加入实验组孔板中,空白对照组加入相同浓度DMSO的增殖培养基。置于5%CO2,37℃孵育箱中预孵育4天,每隔2天换液(吸掉旧培养基,补充100μL含相同浓度药物的新培养基)。4天后破骨细胞出泡,PBS洗2次,10%多聚甲醛固定5分钟,然后用PBS洗1次,晾干。在含有0.8mol L-1 pH5.0醋酸钠缓冲液,0.1g L-1萘酚AS-BI磷酸盐,0.6g L-1坚牢石榴红GBC盐,0.2mo l L-1酒石酸溶液中反应15分钟,经乙醇梯度脱水,以≥3个细胞核为破骨细胞样细胞计数。在Olympus(Waltham,MA,USA)显微镜下观察、拍照和定量破骨细胞。根据每个孔的破骨细胞数目,换算出抑制率。表示为:平均值±标准偏差。抑制率计算方式如下:
(4)CCK-8实验检测化合物对骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞存活率的影响:
在电子耦合试剂存在的情况下,CCK-8试剂可以被线粒体内的脱氢酶还原生成高度水溶性的橙黄色的甲臜产物(formazan)。颜色的深浅与细胞的增殖成正比,与细胞毒性成反比。利用CCK-8可以评价化合物对骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞存活的影响。将骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞以每孔5000个的浓度接种到96孔板,每孔100μL,培养过夜。本实验设置实验组和阴性对照组。实验组:将本发明的化合物用增殖培养基(完全培养基加入30ng/mL M-CSF)配制成终浓度为10μM的溶液,加入实验组孔板中;空白对照组:加入与实验组相同浓度DMSO的增殖培养基。培养48h后,除去原有培养基,每孔加入CCK-8试剂100μL,反应2h。于酶标仪450nM(参比650nM)处测定OD值。表示为:平均值±标准偏差。存活率计算方式如下:
(5)聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测化合物在基因水平的作用
总RNA提取和利用qRT-PCR检测mRNA表达水平的操作方法与文献叙述相同。(ZhaiZJ,Li HW,Liu GW,et al.Andrographolide suppresses RANKL-inducedosteoclastogenesis in vitro and prevents inflammatory bone loss in vivo.Br JPharmacol.2014;171(3):663–75.)
将骨髓单核细胞以每孔8×104个的浓度接种到6孔板,每孔2mL,实验组加入N-(4-氯苯基)-3-羟基-2-萘甲酰胺(化合物DZ-4-I)使其终浓度分别为1、2.5、5μmol·L-1,阴性对照组每孔加入等量培养基(含30ng/mL M-CSF和50ng/mL RANKL),空白组每孔加入等量培养基(含30ng/mL M-CSF,不含RANKL),置于5%CO2,37℃孵育箱中预孵育4天,每隔2天换液。于药物培养3天后提取总RNA,Real-time RT-PCR法检测c-fos、TRAP、MMP-9、CTSK和β-actin的表达水平。引物由TaKaRa公司合成。总RNA的提取采用Trizol一步法进行,紫外分光光度计检测纯度并调整浓度至50ng·μL-1,反转录体系、PCR扩增体系及反应条件均参照试剂盒说明书设定,经内参校正,求得目的基因的相对表达量。每个cDNA样品的重复测量三次。所有数值表达为平均值±SD。
c-fos、TRAP、MMP-9、CTSK的表达水平各自以β-actin的mRNA值为内参基因计算相对mRNA水平:检测基因模板量/内参基因模板量。
(6)实验结果
TRAP染色实验:
选取5μM本发明的化合物进行实验,并通过M-CSF和RANKL对骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞进行破骨分化的诱导,检测二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物对破骨细胞前体细胞分化的抑制作用。如表2所示。结果表明:二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物能够显著抑制骨髓破骨细胞形成。15个化合物中,13个化合物的抑制率超过50%。其中化合物DZ-4-3,DZ-4-I,DZ-4-B,DZ-4-F和DZ-4-R抑制率高达100%。
表2化合物对骨髓破骨细胞形成的抑制作用
接着选取了活性化合物DZ-4-I和DZ-4-3进行了多剂量(0.5—5μM)的更详细的研究。DZ-4-I和DZ-4-3的IC50值为0.58μM,1.2μM。如表3所示。结果表明,该两个化合物的抑制作用均表现出明显的剂量依赖关系。附图2C显示了破骨细胞前体细胞BMMs经药物处理后TRAP染色后的显微图片,附图2A和2B显示了骨髓源巨噬细胞经药物处理后形成的破骨细胞数。
表3化合物DZ-4-I和DZ-4-3不同剂量对骨髓破骨细胞形成的抑制作用
CCK-8实验:
选择10μM的本发明的活性较好的化合物(DZ-6-2,DZ-4-3,DZ-4-I,DZ-4-B,DZ-4-C,DZ-4-E,DZ-4-F,DZ-4-G和DZ-4-R)与骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞进行共孵育,并通过MTT对细胞存活率进行检测,结果如表4所示。试验结果表明:本发明的二氢-β-沉香呋喃型倍半萜类化合物对骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞均无明显毒性。
表4化合物对骨髓破骨细胞前体细胞存活率的影响
化合物 | 存活率(10μM)% |
空白对照组 | 100% |
DZ-6-2 | 121.7±4.0 |
DZ-4-3 | 120.5±2.4 |
DZ-4-I | 123.4±1.7 |
DZ-4-B | 111.7±2.1 |
DZ-4-C | 103.6±1.2 |
DZ-4-E | 107.0±1.9 |
DZ-4-F | 115.6±2.1 |
DZ-4-G | 110.4±2.9 |
DZ-4-R | 119.1±3.5 |
RT-PCR实验:
选取了不同浓度的活性较好的化合物DZ-4-I进行基因水平的检测。结果表明,化合物DZ-4-I能够通过下调破骨细胞前体细胞分化及破骨细胞行使功能时关键基因mRNA表达水平(c-fos、TRAP、MMP-9、CTSK)来影响了破骨细胞的分化和骨吸收作用。统计结果柱状图见图3。
Claims (10)
1.式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病或者改善骨及关节运动功能的药物或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂中的用途:
式I中,
R1、R2、R3、R5、R6、R7和R8分别独立地选自:=O、H、OH、羧基、OCORa、C1~C10烷基、C2-C8烯基和C2~C8炔基;
R4选自:H、OH;
R9为甲基,或者
R9和R3连接共同构成-RX-Ar-RY-CH2-;
Ar为C6-C12亚芳基或5-12元亚杂芳基,
其中,Ra选自C1~C5烷基,C6~C10芳基,C2~C6烯基,5~10元杂芳基C2~C6烯基。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用途,其中,所述破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病包括代谢性疾病引起的骨损失(优选地如骨质疏松症,类风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎);癌症(如乳腺癌、前列腺癌)造成的骨缺损(例如溶骨性骨缺损);骨及关节损伤。
8.权利要求7所述的化合物的制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将独子藤茎采用乙醇浸提,提取液浓缩,得到浸膏A;
(2)将浸膏A加水溶解,依次利用石油醚,乙酸乙酯和正丁醇进行萃取,乙酸乙酯相蒸干溶剂得浸膏B;
(3)浸膏B经硅胶减压柱色谱分离,以体积比为10:1,8:1,6:1,4:1,2:1,1:1的石油醚/丙酮进行梯度洗脱,依次得6个馏分Fr.1~Fr.6;
(4)将馏分Fr.3经硅胶减压柱色谱分离,以体积比为15:1~10:1的石油醚/丙酮进行梯度洗脱,依次得8个馏分Fr.31~Fr.38;
(5)将馏分Fr.36.经反相硅胶柱色谱,使用体积比60%~100%的乙腈/水体系为洗脱液,得到化合物DZ-2-2;
(6)将馏分Fr.4经C-18反相减压柱色谱分离,以体积比为60%,70%,80%,90%,100%的甲醇/水进行梯度洗脱,依次得4个馏分Fr.41~Fr.44;
(7)将馏分Fr.42.经硅胶柱色谱分离,以体积比为5:1~10:1的石油醚/丙酮进行梯度洗脱,依次得到4个馏分Fr.421~Fr.424;
(8)将馏分Fr.422经过半制备HPLC,以体积比为64%~74%的乙腈/水体系为洗脱液,得到化合物DZ-4-3,DZ-6-2和DZ-2-3。
9.一种药物组合物,其包含权利要求7所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及以及药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
10.一种南蛇藤属(Celastrus)植物提取物在制备预防和/或治疗破骨细胞活性异常导致的疾病或改善骨及关节运动功能的药物或或改善骨及关节运动功能的膳食补充剂中的用途,其中,所述提取物包含至少一种权利要求1中所述的化合物。
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