CN115899704A - Low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage and application method thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment. The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for the household garbage comprises a garbage feeding mechanism and a pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a guide rail and a lifter, wherein the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a vertically sliding manner, the feeding hopper is hinged with a hoisting connecting rod, and the hoisting connecting rod is connected with the lifter; the inside of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a garbage material storage area, a dehumidification drying area, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area from top to bottom. The device has a simple structure and a small volume, equipment can be customized according to daily yield of the household garbage, and the treatment target mainly aims at the household garbage in regions such as villages, towns and small islands with relatively small garbage sources to carry out harmless treatment; the problem of the rubbish source centralized transportation of small output handles is solved to the little regional summit formula distribution is given first place to, can maximize saving rubbish transportation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-temperature pyrolysis and mineralization treatment device for household garbage and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment.
Background
About billions of tons of domestic garbage are generated in China every year, the garbage poses serious threats to the ecological environment, and how to take effective measures to perform harmless and resource treatment on the garbage is one of the important problems faced by people. At present, domestic garbage technologies in China mainly take landfill, incineration and incineration as main technologies. The method is mainly applied to the periphery of the urban area. It features stable garbage amount in garbage source.
The landfill technology comprises the following steps: a large landfill generates a large amount of combustible gases including methane, carbon dioxide and small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, etc. during its continuous bioconversion. The increase of the contents of components such as methane, carbon dioxide and the like is one of the important causes of greenhouse effect, and the components also damage the ozone layer and directly threaten the health and the survival of human beings.
Incineration and incineration power generation technology: is mainly limited by some technical or process problems. For example, highly toxic waste gas generated by combustion during power generation cannot be effectively solved for a long time. Moreover, when incineration treatment is adopted, the daily demand is large, and the centralized cost of garbage transportation is high. The municipal refuse is pushed into the incinerator to be burnt, and corresponding slag can be produced after the refuse is burnt out. The types of garbage incinerators can be mainly divided into two types, namely a circulating fluidized bed furnace and a grate furnace. The applied technologies of different equipment combustion treatments also have certain differences, so that managers need to adopt corresponding equipment technologies according to the incineration requirements. The equipment system is huge, and the construction cost and the operation cost are higher.
At present, china has insufficient capacity for centralized treatment of small garbage in regions with relatively small garbage sources, such as villages, towns, small islands and the like. Therefore, how to increase the centralized processing capacity of small-sized garbage and reduce the processing cost is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage and an application method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage comprises a garbage feeding mechanism and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the garbage feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a guide rail and a lifter, wherein the guide rail is obliquely arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a vertically sliding manner, the middle lower part of the outer side wall of the feeding hopper is hinged with a hoisting connecting rod through a rotating shaft, and the hoisting connecting rod is connected with the lifter through a hoisting rope;
the interior of the pyrolysis furnace is sequentially provided with a garbage material storage area, a dehumidification drying area, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area from top to bottom; the upper end of the garbage material storage area is provided with an openable cabin door; a feed mechanism which can be opened and closed is arranged between the garbage material storage area and the dehumidifying and drying area.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the upper part of the guide rail is horizontally provided with an overturning rail close to the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, the guide rail is provided with two rail pulleys at intervals along the length direction of the guide rail, and the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail and can slide up and down through the rail pulleys.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: be provided with first steel structure support between guided way and the pyrolysis oven top, the lifting machine sets up on first steel structure support top, and first steel structure support top is close to lifting machine department and is provided with hoist and mount rope pulley, and first steel structure support's well upper portion level is provided with the lifting machine and overhauls the platform.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: a second steel structure support is arranged on one side, away from the guide rail, of the top of the pyrolysis furnace, a first electric push rod is hinged to the top end of the second steel structure support, one side, close to the second steel structure support, of the cabin door is hinged to the pyrolysis furnace, and an output shaft of the first electric push rod is hinged to the middle of the upper end of the cabin door.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the feeding mechanism comprises a relatively arranged inserting plate door device, the inserting plate door device comprises a second electric push rod and a transverse inserting plate door, the transverse inserting plate door can slide transversely, the second electric push rod is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace through a push rod support, and the output shaft of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected with one side of the transverse inserting plate door.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: first guide plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the feeding mechanism, and second guide plates are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the upper end of the feeding mechanism.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the inner side wall of the pyrolysis furnace is covered with an anticorrosive heat-insulating layer, one side wall of the dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a cooling air pipe, and the cooling air pipe is provided with an electric regulating valve; and a smoke outlet is arranged on the other side wall of the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolyzing furnace.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the lateral wall of the low temperature pyrolysis mineralized layer department of pyrolysis oven is provided with the air inlet system, and the air inlet system is including the air feed valve, anion emitter and the air feed pipe that communicate in proper order, and the air feed pipe sets up and communicates with low temperature pyrolysis mineralized layer along the lateral wall horizontal separation of pyrolysis oven.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the manual sorting platform is arranged close to the lower end of the guide rail; the lower end of the mineralized ceramic particle storage area of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a discharger.
An application method of a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Arranging an electric tar precipitator, an induced draft fan and a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device at a position close to the pyrolysis furnace, and then communicating a smoke outlet at a dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace with an input end of the electric tar precipitator through a smoke and air linking pipe; the output end of the electric tar precipitator is communicated with the input end of the induced draft fan through a smoke and wind linking pipe, and the output end of the induced draft fan is communicated with the input end of the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke and wind linking pipe; a cooling air pipe at a dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a smoke and air linking pipe between the induced draft fan and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through a dehumidification and cooling air linking pipe;
(2) Stacking the transported household garbage to a manual sorting platform, manually sorting, removing inorganic matters, and putting into a feeding hopper;
(3) When the materials in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace are missing: starting the first electric push rod, and enabling an output shaft of the first electric push rod to contract so as to drive the cabin door to be opened; simultaneously starting the hoister, driving the feeding hopper to slide upwards along the guide rail by a take-up pulley of the hoister to rotate through a hoisting rope and a hoisting connecting rod, continuously sliding the second rail pulley upwards along the guide rail after the first rail pulley enters the overturning rail, overturning the feeding hopper to discharge, and feeding the household garbage in the feeding hopper into a garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace through an opening at the cabin door;
when the materials in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace are saturated: an output shaft of the first electric push rod extends out, so that the cabin door is driven to close; meanwhile, the take-up pulley of the hoister rotates reversely to drive the feeding hopper to slide downwards along the guide rail through the hoisting rope and the hoisting connecting rod to reset;
(4) When the material in the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is absent: starting a second electric push rod, wherein an output shaft of the second electric push rod extends out to drive a transverse inserting plate door to open, and materials in the garbage material storage area are accurately put into a dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace under the guide action of the first material guide plate and the second material guide plate;
when the material in the dehumidifying and drying zone of the pyrolysis furnace is saturated: an output shaft of the second electric push rod contracts to drive the transverse inserting plate door to close;
(5) The dehumidification drying area dehumidifies the material, and a dehumidification heat source of the dehumidification drying area is derived from pyrolysis flue gas flowing upwards through the dehumidification area in a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer; the pyrolysis flue gas enters an electric tar precipitator through a smoke outlet and a smoke wind linking pipe after passing through a dehumidification drying area to remove tar substances generated at low temperature, then enters a wet type dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke wind linking pipe to remove particulate matters and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis flue gas, the standard emission of the flue gas is reached, and finally the pyrolysis flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney at the top of the dust removal and desulfurization integrated device;
the cooling air pipe of the dehumidification drying area is connected with the backflow part through the dehumidification cooling air link to remove the pyrolysis smoke after tar substances, so that a smoke backflow closed circuit is formed, and materials in the dehumidification drying area are dehumidified and cooled;
(6) The air inlet system supplies air, the materials in the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer are pyrolyzed at low temperature, the anticorrosion heat-insulation layer and the mineralization ceramic particle storage region below the anticorrosion heat-insulation layer play roles in heat insulation and heat radiation, and the temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer is kept from losing; the material can generate mineralized ceramic particles after low-temperature pyrolysis, the volume is reduced, and the mineralized ceramic particles are deposited downwards to a mineralized ceramic particle storage region;
when the air inlet system supplies air, the negative ion emitter is started, so that the content of negative oxygen ions in the air supply reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter;
(7) And opening the discharger to discharge the mineralized ceramic particles after the mineralized ceramic particles are fully stored in the mineralized ceramic particle storage area of the pyrolysis furnace.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the method has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for the household garbage is simple in structure, small in size and low in construction cost, equipment can be customized according to daily yield of the household garbage, and harmless treatment is mainly performed on the household garbage in regions such as villages, towns and small islands with relatively small garbage sources; the problem of centralized transportation and treatment of small-yield garbage sources is solved, and the peak type distribution of small areas is taken as the main point, so that the garbage transfer cost can be saved to the maximum extent;
(2) The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for the household garbage is treated in a low-temperature pyrolysis mode, so that toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like generated by high-temperature combustion are avoided, furnace slag after pyrolysis is mineralized ceramic particles, the quantity of the furnace slag is small, and the furnace slag can be processed and utilized as a building auxiliary material; and only need to use a small amount of charcoal or bamboo charcoal to ignite when putting into operation for the first time, as starting the heat source, produce the spontaneous heating phenomenon through utilizing the domestic waste pyrolysis oneself effectively subsequently, can meet the temperature demand of pyrolysis, the apparatus power consumption is small, energy saving, has greatly saved the apparatus operating cost;
(3) According to the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage, the negative ion emitter is arranged in the air inlet system, and when the air inlet system supplies air, the negative ion emitter is started, so that the content of negative oxygen ions in the air reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter, and the pyrolysis of garbage can be enhanced;
(4) According to the application method of the household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device, the electrical tar precipitator, the draught fan and the wet dust and sulfur removal integrated device are arranged, so that tar substances generated by pyrolysis smoke at low temperature, particles and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis smoke can be removed, and the smoke can be discharged after reaching the standard.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device with a second electric push rod and a push rod support removed in a front view according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging hopper of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage in the embodiment of the invention when the charging hopper is turned over;
FIG. 3 is a schematic right-view structural diagram of a garbage removing and feeding mechanism of the low-temperature pyrolysis and mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding mechanism of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for domestic garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention, when a transverse inserting plate door at the feeding mechanism is opened;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a pyrolysis furnace of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an air inlet system of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus for low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment of domestic garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1-manual sorting platform, 2-feeding hopper, 3-rotating shaft, 4-rail pulley, 5-hoisting connecting rod, 6-hoisting rope, 7-guide rail, 8-overturning rail, 9-first steel structure support, 10-hoisting rope pulley, 11-hoisting machine, 12-hoisting machine maintenance platform, 13-first electric push rod, 14-second steel structure support, 15-cabin door, 16-first material instrument, 17-second electric push rod, 18-push rod support, 19-second material instrument, 20-transverse plug board door, 21-first material guide board, 22-second material guide board, 23-cooling air pipe, 24-electric regulating valve, 25-garbage storage area, 26-dehumidification drying area, 27-low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer, 28-mineralized ceramic particle storage area, 29-third material instrument, 30-smoke outlet, 31-humidity instrument, 32-anticorrosion heat preservation layer, 33-discharger, 34-air supply valve, 35-negative ion emitter, 36-air supply pipe, 37-temperature instrument, 38-electric tar trap, 39-flue gas trap, 40-flue gas trap, 43-wet type air-dehumidification chain and 45-cooling air pipe.
Detailed Description
Examples
The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage, as shown in fig. 1-7, in this embodiment, includes a garbage feeding mechanism and a pyrolysis furnace, where the garbage feeding mechanism is disposed at one side of the pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper 2, a guide rail 7 and a lifter 11, wherein the guide rail 7 is obliquely arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, the feeding hopper 2 is arranged on the guide rail 7 in a vertically sliding manner, the middle lower part of the outer side wall of the feeding hopper 2 is hinged with a hoisting connecting rod 5 through a rotating shaft 3, and the hoisting connecting rod 5 is connected with the lifter 11 through a hoisting rope 6;
the interior of the pyrolysis furnace is sequentially provided with a garbage material storage area 25, a dehumidification drying area 26, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28 from top to bottom; the upper end of the garbage material storage area 25 is provided with an openable hatch 15; an openable and closable feeding mechanism is arranged between the garbage material storage area 25 and the dehumidifying and drying area 26; the upper side wall of the garbage material storage area 25 is provided with a first material instrument 16, the upper side wall of the dehumidification drying area 26 is provided with a second material instrument 19, the middle side wall of the dehumidification drying area 26 is provided with a humidity instrument 31, the air inlet system of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 is provided with temperature instruments 37 at intervals, and the upper side wall of the mineralization ceramic particle storage area 28 is provided with a third material instrument 29.
In the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an overturning track 8 is horizontally arranged at the upper part of a guide rail 7 close to the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, two track pulleys 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the guide rail 7, and a feeding hopper 2 is arranged on the guide rail 7 and can slide up and down through the track pulleys 4. Be provided with first steel structural support 9 between guided way 7 and the pyrolysis oven top, lifting machine 11 sets up on first steel structural support 9 top, and 9 tops of first steel structural support are close to lifting machine 11 departments and are provided with hoist rope pulley 10, and hoist rope pulley 10 departments still are provided with the stopper, and the well upper portion level of first steel structural support 9 is provided with lifting machine maintenance platform 12. A second steel structure support 14 is arranged on one side, far away from the guide rail 7, of the top of the pyrolysis furnace, a first electric push rod 13 is hinged to the top end of the second steel structure support 14, one side, close to the second steel structure support 14, of the cabin door 15 is hinged to the pyrolysis furnace, and an output shaft of the first electric push rod 13 is hinged to the middle of the upper end of the cabin door 15.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the feeding mechanism includes opposite insertion plate door devices, each insertion plate door device includes a second electric push rod 17 and a transverse insertion plate door 20, the transverse insertion plate door 20 can be transversely slidably disposed, the second electric push rod 17 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace through a push rod support 18, and an output shaft of the second electric push rod 17 is fixedly connected to one side of the transverse insertion plate door 20 for driving the transverse insertion plate door 20 to transversely slide. First guide plates 21 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the feeding mechanism, and second guide plates 22 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the upper end of the feeding mechanism.
As shown in fig. 6, the inner side wall of the pyrolysis furnace is covered with an anticorrosive heat-insulating layer 32, one side wall of the dehumidification and drying area 26 of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a cooling air pipe 23, and the cooling air pipe 23 is provided with an electric regulating valve 24; the other side wall of the pyrolysis furnace at the dehumidifying and drying area 26 is provided with a smoke outlet 30.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, the side wall of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system has two layers, the air inlet system of each layer comprises an air supply valve 34, a negative ion emitter 35 and an air supply pipe 36 which are sequentially communicated, and the air supply pipes 36 are horizontally arranged along the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace at intervals and are communicated with the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27.
In the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device further comprises a manual sorting platform 1, the manual sorting platform 1 is arranged close to the lower end of a guide rail 7, a groove suitable for the feeding hopper 2 to enter is dug at the lower end of the guide rail 7, and the lower end of the guide rail 7 extends into the groove; the lower end of the mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28 of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a discharger 33.
An application method of a domestic garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device comprises the following steps:
(1) As shown in fig. 8, an electrical tar precipitator 39, an induced draft fan 41 and a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 are arranged near the pyrolysis furnace, and then the smoke outlet 30 at the dehumidification and drying area 26 of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the input end of the electrical tar precipitator 39 through a smoke link pipe 40; the output end of the electrical tar precipitator 39 is communicated with the input end of an induced draft fan 41 through a smoke and wind linking pipe 40, and the output end of the induced draft fan 41 is communicated with the input end of a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 through the smoke and wind linking pipe 40; the cooling air pipe 23 at the dehumidification and drying area 26 of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a smoke and air linking pipe 40 between an induced draft fan 41 and a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 through a dehumidification and cooling air linking pipe 42;
(2) The transported household garbage is stacked on a manual sorting platform 1, and is manually sorted, inorganic matters are removed, and then the household garbage is put into a feeding hopper 2; the inorganic substance is, for example, a substance which cannot be decomposed such as steel and glass;
(3) When the first material meter 16 detects the absence of material in the waste material storage area 25 of the pyrolysis furnace: starting the first electric push rod 13, and contracting an output shaft of the first electric push rod 13 so as to drive the cabin door 15 to open; simultaneously, a hoisting machine 11 is started, a take-up pulley of the hoisting machine 11 rotates to drive a feeding hopper 2 to slide upwards along a guide rail 7 through a hoisting rope 6 and a hoisting connecting rod 5, after a first rail pulley 4 enters an overturning rail 8, a second rail pulley 4 continues to slide upwards along the guide rail 7, the feeding hopper 2 is overturned to discharge, and the household garbage in the feeding hopper 2 enters a garbage material storage area 25 of the pyrolysis furnace through an opening at a cabin door 15;
when the first material meter 16 monitors that the waste material storage area 25 of the pyrolysis furnace is saturated with material: the output shaft of the first electric push rod 13 extends out, so that the cabin door 15 is driven to close; meanwhile, the take-up pulley of the hoister 11 rotates reversely to drive the feeding hopper 2 to slide downwards along the guide rail 7 through the hoisting rope 6 and the hoisting connecting rod 5 for resetting;
(4) When the second material meter 19 detects that there is a lack of material in the desiccant drying zone 26 of the pyrolysis furnace: starting the second electric push rod 17, extending an output shaft of the second electric push rod 17 to drive the transverse inserting plate door 20 to open, and accurately throwing the materials in the garbage material storage area 25 into the dehumidification drying area 26 of the pyrolysis furnace under the guiding action of the first material guide plate 21 and the second material guide plate 22 through the self gravity;
when the second material meter 19 monitors that the material in the dehumidifying and drying zone 26 of the pyrolysis furnace is saturated: the output shaft of the second electric push rod 17 contracts to drive the transverse inserting plate door 20 to close;
(5) The dehumidifying and drying area 26 dehumidifies the material, and a dehumidifying heat source of the dehumidifying and drying area 26 is from pyrolysis flue gas flowing upwards through the dehumidifying area from the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27, and the temperature of the dehumidifying and drying area is about 160-180 ℃; the pyrolysis flue gas passes through the dehumidification drying area 26, enters the electric tar precipitator 39 through the smoke outlet 30 and the smoke air linking pipe 40 to remove tar substances generated at low temperature, then enters the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 through the smoke air linking pipe 40 to remove particulate matters and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis flue gas, reaches the standard of the flue gas to be discharged, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney 44 at the top of the dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43;
the cooling air pipe 23 of the dehumidification drying area 26 returns through the dehumidification cooling air connecting pipe 42 to partially remove the pyrolysis flue gas with tar substances, a flue gas return closed circuit is formed, the materials in the dehumidification drying area 26 are dehumidified and cooled, the flow of the pyrolysis flue gas returned by the cooling air pipe 23 can be adjusted through the electric adjusting valve 24, the humidity of the dehumidification drying area 26 is monitored by the hygrometer 31, and the humidity of the dehumidification drying area 26 is ensured to be 8-15% by adjusting the electric adjusting valve 24;
(6) The air inlet system supplies air, the materials in the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 are pyrolyzed at low temperature, the anti-corrosion heat-insulation layer 32 and the mineralization ceramic particle storage region 28 below the anti-corrosion heat-insulation layer play roles in heat insulation and heat radiation, and the temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 is kept from losing; the material is pyrolyzed at low temperature to generate mineralized ceramic particles, the volume of the mineralized ceramic particles is reduced, and the mineralized ceramic particles are deposited downwards to a mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28;
when the air inlet system supplies air, the negative ion emitter 35 is started, so that the content of negative oxygen ions in the air supply reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter; the temperature instrument 37 monitors the pyrolysis stability of each part of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27, and the air supply quantity of the air inlet system is controlled to ensure that the pyrolysis temperature is 160-200 ℃;
(7) When the third material instrument 29 monitors that the mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28 of the pyrolysis furnace is full of mineralized ceramic particles, the discharger 33 is opened to discharge the mineralized ceramic particles.
As shown in fig. 8, in the application method of the device for low-temperature pyrolysis and mineralization treatment of household garbage of this embodiment, a ladder stand 38 may be disposed outside the pyrolysis furnace to facilitate later maintenance and repair; an electric control chamber 45 can be arranged near the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 to control the low-temperature pyrolysis and mineralization treatment device for the household garbage in operation.
In the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage, the pyrolysis furnace is operated under the action of the induced draft fan 41, so that an air blower and a pressurizing device are not needed to be arranged when the air supply system supplies air, the negative pressure in the pyrolysis furnace can meet the air supply condition of the air supply system, and the energy consumption is further reduced. The electric tar precipitator and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device can purchase the existing equipment on the market and can also use the existing equipment of the unit, the model of the electric tar precipitator of the unit is WL-DYFWW-19, and the model of the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device of the unit is WL-SC-CL 8T.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a domestic waste low temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device which characterized in that: the garbage feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a guide rail and a lifter, wherein the guide rail is obliquely arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a vertically sliding manner, the middle lower part of the outer side wall of the feeding hopper is hinged with a hoisting connecting rod through a rotating shaft, and the hoisting connecting rod is connected with the lifter through a hoisting rope;
the interior of the pyrolysis furnace is sequentially provided with a garbage material storage area, a dehumidification drying area, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area from top to bottom; the upper end of the garbage material storage area is provided with an openable cabin door; and a material feeding mechanism which can be opened and closed is arranged between the garbage material storage area and the dehumidifying and drying area.
2. The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper portion of the guide rail is close to the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, an overturning rail is horizontally arranged at the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, two rail pulleys are arranged on the guide rail at intervals along the length direction of the guide rail, and the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a manner that the rail pulleys can slide up and down.
3. The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device comprises a guide rail, a first steel structure support is arranged between the guide rail and the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, a lifting machine is arranged at the top end of the first steel structure support, a lifting rope pulley is arranged at the position, close to the lifting machine, of the top end of the first steel structure support, and a lifting machine overhauling platform is horizontally arranged at the middle upper part of the first steel structure support.
4. The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the pyrolysis furnace is kept away from one side of the guide rail, a second steel structure support is arranged, the top end of the second steel structure support is hinged to a first electric push rod, one side, close to the second steel structure support, of the cabin door is hinged to the pyrolysis furnace, and an output shaft of the first electric push rod is hinged to the middle of the upper end of the cabin door.
5. The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: throw material mechanism and include the relative picture peg door gear that sets up, picture peg door gear includes second electric putter and horizontal picture peg door, but horizontal picture peg door horizontal slip sets up, second electric putter pass through the push rod support with the lateral wall rigid coupling of pyrolysis oven, second electric putter's output shaft with one side rigid coupling of horizontal picture peg door.
6. The device for low-temperature pyrolysis and mineralization treatment of household garbage according to claim 5, wherein: first guide plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the feeding mechanism, and second guide plates are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the upper end of the feeding mechanism.
7. The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: an anticorrosive heat-insulating layer covers the inner side wall of the pyrolysis furnace, a cooling air pipe is communicated with the side wall of one side of the dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace, and an electric adjusting valve is arranged on the cooling air pipe; and a smoke outlet is formed in the side wall of the other side of the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace.
8. The device for low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment of household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lateral wall of the low temperature pyrolysis mineralized layer department of pyrolysis oven is provided with the air inlet system, the air inlet system is including the air feed valve, anion emitter and the air feed pipe that communicate in proper order, follow for the air feed pipe the lateral wall horizontal separation of pyrolysis oven sets up and with low temperature pyrolysis mineralized layer intercommunication.
9. The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the manual sorting platform is arranged close to the lower end of the guide rail; and a discharger is arranged at the lower end of the mineralized ceramic particle storage area of the pyrolysis furnace.
10. An application method of a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Arranging an electric tar precipitator, an induced draft fan and a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device at a position close to the pyrolysis furnace, and then communicating a smoke outlet at a dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace with an input end of the electric tar precipitator through a smoke and air linking pipe; the output end of the electrical tar precipitator is communicated with the input end of the induced draft fan through a smoke and wind linking pipe, and the output end of the induced draft fan is communicated with the input end of the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke and wind linking pipe; communicating a cooling air pipe at the dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace with a smoke and air linking pipe between the induced draft fan and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through a dehumidification and cooling air linking pipe;
(2) The transported household garbage is stacked to a manual sorting platform, and is manually sorted, inorganic matters are removed, and then the household garbage is put into the feeding hopper;
(3) When the materials in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace are missing: starting the first electric push rod, and enabling an output shaft of the first electric push rod to contract so as to drive the cabin door to be opened; simultaneously starting a hoist, driving a feeding hopper to slide upwards along a guide rail by a take-up pulley of the hoist through a hoisting rope and a hoisting connecting rod, continuously sliding upwards along the guide rail after a first rail pulley enters the overturning rail, overturning the feeding hopper to discharge, and enabling the household garbage in the feeding hopper to enter a garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace through an opening at a cabin door;
when the materials in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace are saturated: an output shaft of the first electric push rod extends out, so that the cabin door is driven to close; meanwhile, a take-up pulley of the hoister rotates reversely, and the hoisting rope and the hoisting connecting rod drive the feeding hopper to slide downwards along the guide rail for resetting;
(4) When the material in the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is absent: starting the second electric push rod, wherein an output shaft of the second electric push rod extends out to drive the transverse inserting plate door to open, and materials in the garbage material storage area are accurately thrown into a dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace under the guiding action of the first material guide plate and the second material guide plate through the self gravity;
when the materials in the dehumidifying and drying zone of the pyrolysis furnace are saturated: the output shaft of the second electric push rod contracts to drive the transverse inserting plate door to close;
(5) The dehumidification drying area dehumidifies the material, and a dehumidification heat source of the dehumidification drying area is derived from pyrolysis flue gas flowing upwards through the dehumidification area in the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer; the pyrolysis flue gas passes through the dehumidification drying area and then enters the electric tar precipitator through the smoke outlet and the smoke air linking pipe to remove tar substances generated at low temperature, then enters the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke air linking pipe to remove particulate matters and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis flue gas, the standard emission of the flue gas is reached, and finally the pyrolysis flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney at the top of the dust removal and desulfurization integrated device;
the cooling air pipe of the dehumidification drying area is connected with the backflow part through the dehumidification cooling air link to remove the pyrolysis flue gas after tar substances, so that a flue gas backflow closed circuit is formed, and the materials in the dehumidification drying area are dehumidified and cooled;
(6) The air inlet system supplies air, materials in the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer are pyrolyzed at low temperature, the anticorrosion heat-insulation layer and the mineralization ceramic particle storage region below the anticorrosion heat-insulation layer play roles in heat insulation and heat radiation, and the temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer is kept from losing; the material can generate mineralized ceramic particles after low-temperature pyrolysis, the volume is reduced, and the mineralized ceramic particles are deposited downwards to a mineralized ceramic particle storage region;
when the air inlet system supplies air, the negative ion emitter is started, so that the content of negative oxygen ions in the air supply reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter;
(7) And opening the discharger to discharge the mineralized ceramic particles after the mineralized ceramic particles storage area of the pyrolysis furnace is full of mineralized ceramic particles.
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